CN114647033A - 一种超宽调谐范围的光纤滤波器 - Google Patents

一种超宽调谐范围的光纤滤波器 Download PDF

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CN114647033A
CN114647033A CN202011513667.3A CN202011513667A CN114647033A CN 114647033 A CN114647033 A CN 114647033A CN 202011513667 A CN202011513667 A CN 202011513667A CN 114647033 A CN114647033 A CN 114647033A
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optical fiber
gratings
grating
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rotating mirror
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胡勇康
谭柯棠
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Fuzhou Photop Qptics Co ltd
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    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
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    • G02B6/27—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means
    • G02B6/2746—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means comprising non-reciprocal devices, e.g. isolators, FRM, circulators, quasi-isolators
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    • G02B6/29304—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
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    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
    • G02B6/29395—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device configurable, e.g. tunable or reconfigurable
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    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
    • G02B26/10—Scanning systems
    • G02B26/101—Scanning systems with both horizontal and vertical deflecting means, e.g. raster or XY scanners
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    • G02—OPTICS
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    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G02B27/1006—Beam splitting or combining systems for splitting or combining different wavelengths
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
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    • G02B27/1086—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by diffraction only
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    • G02—OPTICS
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    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
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    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
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    • G02B6/29304—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
    • G02B6/29305—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating as bulk element, i.e. free space arrangement external to a light guide
    • G02B6/29313—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating as bulk element, i.e. free space arrangement external to a light guide characterised by means for controlling the position or direction of light incident to or leaving the diffractive element, e.g. for varying the wavelength response
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29304—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
    • G02B6/29316—Light guides comprising a diffractive element, e.g. grating in or on the light guide such that diffracted light is confined in the light guide
    • G02B6/29317—Light guides of the optical fibre type
    • G02B6/29319—With a cascade of diffractive elements or of diffraction operations
    • G02B6/2932—With a cascade of diffractive elements or of diffraction operations comprising a directional router, e.g. directional coupler, circulator
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29304—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
    • G02B6/29316—Light guides comprising a diffractive element, e.g. grating in or on the light guide such that diffracted light is confined in the light guide
    • G02B6/29317—Light guides of the optical fibre type
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    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29346—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by wave or beam interference
    • G02B6/29361—Interference filters, e.g. multilayer coatings, thin film filters, dichroic splitters or mirrors based on multilayers, WDM filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/32—Optical coupling means having lens focusing means positioned between opposed fibre ends
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
    • G02B6/29389—Bandpass filtering, e.g. 1x1 device rejecting or passing certain wavelengths

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Abstract

本发明公开一种超宽调谐范围的光纤滤波器，其包括输入光纤、二维机械转镜、准直扩束系统、两个光栅和输出光纤，所述输入光纤射出多波长的光信号入射到二维机械转镜，光信号被反射到准直扩束系统形成平行光束，平行光束入射到光栅上，光栅产生色散把不同的波长散射到不同的角度，通过调节二维机械转镜将特定衍射角度的光输入到输出光纤中。本发明通过使用二维机械转镜切换不同波段的光栅，可以实现超宽围内光波长的调谐，大大扩展了应用场景，降低了成本，且该光路简单，可实现快速调谐。另外，通过对转动装置时间和空间进行复用，对通道数进行扩展。

Description

一种超宽调谐范围的光纤滤波器
技术领域
本发明属于光纤通信和光纤传感领域，特别涉及一种超宽调谐范围的光纤滤波器。
背景技术
长距离大容量通信中，DWDM光纤通信占据了统治地位。随着网络业务的爆发性增长，DWDM传输信道正在从传统的80或者96通道延伸到120通道，甚至L band。光信道性能监测器作为DWDM光通信系统中系统健康的必不可少的重要器件。可调谐光纤滤波器作为光信道性能监测器的核心光学引擎，工作波长范围也要求相应的延伸。目前市场上主流的可调谐光纤滤波器波长调谐范围在40~50nm， 单个独立器件不能满足超宽的C+L 的调谐范围，不得不采用两个独立的器件分别完成C 或者L 波段的调谐或扫描。这种方式的缺点是费用高，体积大。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中的不足，本发明提供一种成本低，结构简单，性能稳定，高可靠性超宽调谐范围的光纤滤波器，能够实现C+L 超宽调谐范围。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种超宽调谐范围的光纤滤波器，包括输入光纤、二维机械转镜、准直扩束系统、两个光栅和输出光纤，所述输入光纤射出多波长的光信号入射到二维机械转镜，光信号被反射到准直扩束系统形成平行光束，平行光束入射到光栅上，光栅产生色散把不同的波长散射到不同的角度，通过调节二维机械转镜将特定衍射角度的光输入到输出光纤中。
进一步的，所述输入光纤、输出光纤和光纤环形器组成双光纤结构，两个光栅的前端分别对应设有第一全反射部件，两个光栅的后端分别对应设有第二全反射部件，从准直扩束系统出来的平行光束经第一全反射部件反射进入光栅，从光栅出来的光信号经过第二全反射部件沿原路返回至光纤环形器并从输出光纤输出。
进一步的，所述输入光纤和输出光纤为两个独立的部件，且输出光纤具有两个，两个光栅的前端分别对应设有第一全反射部件，两个光栅的后端分别对应设置有透镜组，两个输出光纤分别对应两个透镜组设置，从光栅出来的光信号经过透镜组耦合入对应的输出光纤中。
进一步的，所述光栅为透射式光栅、反射式光栅或两者结合的多级级联结构。
进一步的，所述二维机械转镜的一个维度用于波长调谐，另一个维度用于扩展波长调谐范围以实现C 波段和L 波段光栅之间进行切换 ，从而实现在整个C+L 波段内超宽调谐范围；所述二维机械转镜同时能够调节输出光信号的功率。
本发明采用以上技术方案，具有以下有益效果：通过使用二维机械转镜切换不同波段的光栅，可以实现超宽围内光波长的调谐，大大扩展了应用场景，降低了成本，且该光路简单，可实现快速调谐。另外，通过对转动装置时间和空间进行复用，对通道数进行扩展。
附图说明
以下结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步详细说明；
图1为本发明实施例1的示意图；
图2为本发明实施例2的示意图；
图3为本发明实施例3的示意图；
图4为本发明实施例4的示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1-4所示，本发明一种超宽调谐范围的光纤滤波器，包括输入光纤1、二维机械转镜3、准直扩束系统4、两个光栅7、8和输出光纤2，所述输入光纤1射出多波长的光信号入射到二维机械转镜3，光信号被反射到准直扩束系统4形成平行光束，平行光束入射到光栅7或8上，光栅7或8产生色散把不同的波长散射到不同的角度，通过调节二维机械转镜3将特定衍射角度的光输入到输出光纤2中。
实施例1，如图1所示，所述输入光纤1、输出光纤2和光纤环形器11组成双光纤结构，两个光栅7、8的前端分别对应设有第一全反射部件5或6，两个光栅7、8的后端分别对应设有第二全反射部件9或10，从准直扩束系统4出来的平行光束经第一全反射部件5或6反射进入光栅7或8，从光栅7或8出来的光信号经过第二全反射部件9或10沿原路返回至光纤环形器11并从输出光纤2输出。
其中，第一全反射部件5、6和第二全反射部件9、10可以是全反射镜或全反射棱镜。
工作原理：输入光纤1输入的多波长光信号，入射到二维机械转镜3，光信号被反射到准直扩束系统4，经第一全反射部件5或6入射到光栅7或8的平面上，光栅7或8产生色散，只有满足LITTROW条件的波长获得最大衍射效率，并经过对应的全反射镜，被反射回光纤环形器，经输出光纤2输出，这样输入光两次经过光栅7或8，输入光谱的带宽得到有效的压缩。如果转动二维机械转镜3，不同的转角度将有相对应的不同波长满足LITTROW条件被反射到准直扩束系统4，从而达到调谐的目的。二维机械转镜3的第二转动维度通过设置不同的角度，对光栅7或8进行选择。如果两个光栅7、8分别设置不同的波长范围，滤波器的调谐范围实现拓展，从而实现C+L 波段内超宽调谐范围，此外，通过转动二维机械转镜3同时能够调节输出光信号的功率。
实施例2，如图2所示，实施例2是基于实施例1，如果不使用实施例1所示的第二全反射部件和光纤环形器，输入光纤和输出光纤为两个独立的部件，且输出光纤具有两个，两个光栅7、8的前端分别对应设有第一全反射部件5或6，两个光栅7、8的后端分别设置有透镜组12或13，两个输出光纤分别对应两个透镜组12或13设置，从光栅7或8出来的光信号经过透镜组12或13耦合入对应的输出光纤中，实现C+L 波段内超宽调谐范围。
实施例3，如图3所示，实施例3是基于实施例1，不同波长范围的光信号经由光纤环形器11、14可以同时入射到二维机械转镜3上，在二维机械转镜3转动特定的角度，输入光会直接原路返回输入光纤。相比于实施例1，实施例3可以实现不同波段的同步调谐。
实施例4，如图4所示，实施例4是基于实施例1-3，光栅7、8可以为透射式光栅、反射式光栅或两者结合的多级级联结构。
上面结合附图对本发明的实施加以描述，但是本发明不局限于上述的具体实施方式，上述的具体实施方式是示意性而不是加以局限本发明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。

Claims (5)

1.一种超宽调谐范围的光纤滤波器，其特征在于：包括输入光纤、二维机械转镜、准直扩束系统、两个光栅和输出光纤，所述输入光纤射出多波长的光信号入射到二维机械转镜，光信号被反射到准直扩束系统形成平行光束，平行光束入射到光栅上，光栅产生色散把不同的波长散射到不同的角度，通过调节二维机械转镜将特定衍射角度的光输入到输出光纤中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种超宽调谐范围的光纤滤波器，其特征在于：所述输入光纤、输出光纤和光纤环形器组成双光纤结构，两个光栅的前端分别对应设有第一全反射部件，两个光栅的后端分别对应设有第二全反射部件，从准直扩束系统出来的平行光束经第一全反射部件反射进入光栅，从光栅出来的光信号经过第二全反射部件沿原路返回至光纤环形器并从输出光纤输出。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种超宽调谐范围的光纤滤波器，其特征在于：所述输入光纤和输出光纤为两个独立的部件，且输出光纤具有两个，两个光栅的前端分别对应设有第一全反射部件，两个光栅的后端分别对应设置有透镜组，两个输出光纤分别对应两个透镜组设置，从光栅出来的光信号经过透镜组耦合入对应的输出光纤中。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种超宽调谐范围的光纤滤波器，其特征在于：所述光栅为透射式光栅、反射式光栅或两者结合的多级级联结构。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种超宽调谐范围的光纤滤波器，其特征在于：所述二维机械转镜的一个维度用于波长调谐，另一个维度用于扩展波长调谐范围以实现C 波段和L 波段光栅之间进行切换 ，从而实现在整个C+L 波段内超宽调谐范围；所述二维机械转镜同时能够调节输出光信号的功率。
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