CN114646807A - Frozen soil resistivity testing device based on RC circuit and using method thereof - Google Patents
Frozen soil resistivity testing device based on RC circuit and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114646807A CN114646807A CN202210263122.4A CN202210263122A CN114646807A CN 114646807 A CN114646807 A CN 114646807A CN 202210263122 A CN202210263122 A CN 202210263122A CN 114646807 A CN114646807 A CN 114646807A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005370 electroosmosis Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 40
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004832 voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
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Abstract
A frozen soil resistivity testing device based on an RC circuit and a using method thereof relate to a frozen soil resistivity testing device and a using method thereof. The method aims to solve the technical problems that the current electroosmosis effect generated by a direct current method when the frozen soil resistivity is measured influences the frozen soil resistivity and the polarization effect generated by high-frequency alternating current influences the frozen soil resistivity. The device is suitable for testing the resistivity of the frozen soil, can utilize a waveform generator to adjust parameters such as frequency, amplitude and the like of an output waveform so as to reduce the influence on the frozen soil sample to be tested to the maximum extent, and selects low-frequency alternating current to reduce the disturbance on the frozen soil sample to be tested; the invention uses the oscilloscope to measure and record, the oscilloscope has high precision, the change of low-frequency voltage in the circuit can be accurately recorded, and the overall test precision is superior to the prior test technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a frozen soil resistivity testing device and a using method thereof.
Background
China, Russia and Mongolia frozen soil are widely distributed in area, and in China, only the big and small Xinghan and AnLing mountains and the north of the Songnen plain are covered with the frozen soil for many years of 39 ten thousand square kilometers. However, due to the combined effects of global warming and frequent human engineering activities, the frozen soil environment in the northeast region is losing its original thermal equilibrium. Taking an island-shaped permafrost region in northeast China as an example, the thawing of frozen soil causes uneven settlement of infrastructures such as roads and the like, and the durability and stability of the upper structure are seriously influenced. Exploration and drilling in forest areas are high in cost, forest resources are damaged, and unnecessary waste is caused, so that the method for nondestructive geophysical prospecting is very economical, appropriate and convenient. The resistivity of the soil body can reflect a plurality of physical characteristics of the soil body, such as compactness, water content (ice content), space variability and the like of the soil body to different degrees. In particular, for frozen earth, the resistivity of the frozen earth is much higher than that of unfrozen earth, so it is necessary to test the resistivity of the frozen earth and grasp the resistivity characteristics of the frozen earth.
The current commonly used soil resistivity indoor test method is a double-electrode method and a four-electrode method for measuring resistance by a voltammetry method and measuring based on ohm's law. The two methods are that constant current is applied to a soil sample, then the potential difference delta V of two sides of the soil sample is measured, and the magnitude of the resistivity rho in the direction is calculated through ohm's law. The quadrupole test system is mainly used for resistivity test in general geotechnical tests, such as compression test, consolidation test and triaxial test. However, since the four-electrode device generally requires probe electrodes or other conductive devices to be inserted between samples, which may affect the integrity, uniformity and other properties of soil samples, it is not suitable for measuring resistivity several times during a test, and for studying the change of resistivity along with other factors. In an indoor frozen soil resistivity measurement test, the double-electrode test method has certain feasibility, although larger contact resistance exists between a frozen soil sample and an electrode. Although the contact resistance can be basically ignored in the four-electrode method, for frozen soil, a metal probe is difficult to insert into the frozen soil, and if the probe is pre-buried in advance during sample preparation, the frozen forming process is affected, and the frozen soil is disturbed. And for the undisturbed frozen soil collected by field drilling, a probe cannot be inserted into the frozen soil. The frozen soil resistivity is generally much larger than the resistivity of a normal temperature soil body, so when the resistivity of a frozen soil sample is measured by using a voltammetry method, if a direct current power supply is used, the direct current power supply with an overlarge voltage cannot be selected to prevent the frozen soil from melting due to the overlarge heat generated by high-resistance frozen soil, so that the resistivity is reduced, and the test result is influenced. Generally, a direct-current power supply with lower voltage is selected, but due to the fact that the frozen soil resistivity is higher, the requirements on the measuring range and the precision of a current meter and a voltmeter are higher, and the test cost is higher; and the electroosmosis that DC power supply still can produce can make pore water, soil body structure in the soil body, unfrozen water etc. change, probably can make the great error of test result appear. The alternating current power supply can prevent the soil body from melting, avoid the electroosmosis under the action of direct current, and can relatively effectively reduce errors. However, an important problem of using the alternating current power supply is the selection of the frequency of the alternating current power supply, and alternating current with too high frequency can generate polarization, so that the electrical property of the soil body can be changed, and therefore the resistivity characteristic of the soil body measured by using alternating current with low frequency can better reflect the structural characteristic of the soil body. However, alternating current at too low a frequency may result in an insignificant electrical signal that is not easily detected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a frozen soil resistivity testing device based on an RC circuit and a using method thereof, aiming at solving the technical problems that the frozen soil resistivity is influenced by electroosmosis generated by a direct current method and polarization generated by high-frequency alternating current when the frozen soil resistivity is measured in the prior art.
The frozen soil resistivity testing device based on the RC circuit consists of a waveform generator 1, an upper insulating plate 2, a lower insulating plate 3, a first electrode 4, a second electrode 5, a capacitor 6, an oscilloscope and a computer;
a first electrode 4 is arranged on the upper surface of a frozen soil sample 7 to be detected, a second electrode 5 is arranged on the lower surface of the frozen soil sample 7 to be detected, an upper insulating plate 2 is arranged above the first electrode 4, and a lower insulating plate 3 is arranged below the second electrode 5; the signal output end of the waveform generator 1 is connected with the first electrode 4, and two ends of the capacitor 6 are respectively connected with the second electrode 5 and the signal input end of the waveform generator 1; two testing channels of the oscilloscope are respectively connected with two ends of the waveform generator 1 and two ends of the capacitor 6, and the signal output end of the oscilloscope is communicated with the computer.
The use method of the frozen soil resistivity testing device based on the RC circuit comprises the following steps:
adjusting the parameters of the waveform generator 1 to provide low-frequency alternating current to generate square waves, recording the waveform of voltage change on an oscilloscope, and leading out waveform data to a computer to obtain the voltage V at two ends of the waveform generator 1SAnd the voltage V across the capacitor 6, the resistivity ρ is calculated using the following equation:
equation 1:
equation 2:
calculating R through a formula 1, substituting the formula into a formula 2 to calculate resistivity rho;
t is time in units of s;
VSis the voltage across the waveform generator 1 in units of V;
v is the voltage across the capacitor 6 in units of V;
r is the resistance of the frozen soil sample 7 to be detected, and the unit is omega;
c is the capacitance of the capacitor 6 in F as a known quantity;
rho is the resistivity of the frozen soil sample 7 to be measured, and the unit is omega m;
s is the horizontal cross-sectional area of the frozen soil sample 7 to be measured, and the unit is m2；
L is the vertical height of the frozen soil sample 7 to be measured, and the unit is m;
e is a natural constant.
The waveform generator 1 is used for outputting a specific waveform, and outputting a low-frequency square wave to a circuit as a power supply by setting parameters;
the insulating plate is used for fixing the electrode and the frozen soil sample 7 to be measured during measurement;
the electrode consists of low-resistance carbon fibers and is used for connecting the frozen soil sample 7 to be detected in a circuit to form an RC circuit;
the oscilloscope is used for recording the voltage signal changes at two ends of the waveform generator 1 and the capacitor 6;
the capacitance of the capacitor 6 is a known value, and is used for forming an RC circuit and assisting in measuring the resistivity of the frozen soil sample 7 to be measured.
The beneficial effects of the invention are:
the device is suitable for testing the resistivity of the frozen soil, can utilize the waveform generator 1 to adjust parameters such as frequency, amplitude and the like of output waveforms to reduce the influence on the frozen soil sample 7 to be tested to the maximum extent, and selects proper low-frequency alternating current to reduce the disturbance on the frozen soil sample 7 to be tested;
the invention uses the oscilloscope to measure and record, the oscilloscope has high precision, the change of low-frequency voltage in the circuit can be accurately recorded, and the overall test precision is superior to the prior test technology;
the invention uses the replaceable capacitor 6, the capacitance of which is known, and the test can be carried out by adjusting the capacitance with different capacitance and matching with the frozen soil sample 7 to be tested with different resistance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a frozen soil resistivity testing device based on an RC circuit according to a first embodiment (an oscilloscope and a computer are not shown);
FIG. 2 is a v-t fit curve in experiment one.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is a frozen soil resistivity testing device based on an RC circuit, as shown in figure 1, and specifically comprises a waveform generator 1, an upper insulating plate 2, a lower insulating plate 3, a first electrode 4, a second electrode 5, a capacitor 6, an oscilloscope and a computer;
a first electrode 4 is arranged on the upper surface of a frozen soil sample 7 to be detected, a second electrode 5 is arranged on the lower surface of the frozen soil sample 7 to be detected, an upper insulating plate 2 is arranged above the first electrode 4, and a lower insulating plate 3 is arranged below the second electrode 5; the signal output end of the waveform generator 1 is connected with the first electrode 4, and two ends of the capacitor 6 are respectively connected with the second electrode 5 and the signal input end of the waveform generator 1; two testing channels of the oscilloscope are respectively connected with two ends of the waveform generator 1 and two ends of the capacitor 6, and the signal output end of the oscilloscope is communicated with the computer.
The second embodiment is as follows: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: the first electrode 4 is a carbon fiber electrode. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment differs from the first or second embodiment in that: the second electrode 5 is a carbon fiber electrode. The others are the same as in the first or second embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: this embodiment differs from the second and third embodiments in that: the resistivity of the carbon fiber electrode is 10-2Omega.m. The other is the same as in one of the second and third embodiments.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: the upper insulating plate 2 is made of organic glass. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: the lower insulating plate 3 is made of organic glass. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The seventh embodiment: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: and point contact type conductive paste is smeared between the first electrode 4 and the frozen soil sample 7 to be detected. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: and point contact type conductive paste is smeared between the second electrode 5 and the frozen soil sample 7 to be detected. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The specific implementation method nine: the embodiment is a use method of the frozen soil resistivity testing device based on the RC circuit, which specifically comprises the following steps:
adjusting the parameters of the waveform generator 1 to provide low-frequency alternating current to generate square waves, recording the waveform of voltage change on an oscilloscope, and leading out waveform data to a computer to obtain the voltage V at two ends of the waveform generator 1SAnd the voltage V across the capacitor 6, the resistivity ρ is calculated using the following equation:
equation 1:
equation 2:
calculating R through a formula 1, substituting the formula into a formula 2 to calculate resistivity rho;
t is time in units of s;
VSis the voltage across the waveform generator 1 in units of V;
v is the voltage across the capacitor 6 in units of V;
r is the resistance of the frozen soil sample 7 to be detected, and the unit is omega;
c is the capacitance of the capacitor 6 in F as a known quantity;
rho is the resistivity of the frozen soil sample 7 to be measured, and the unit is omega m;
s is the horizontal cross-sectional area of the frozen soil sample 7 to be measured, and the unit is m2；
L is the vertical height of the frozen soil sample 7 to be measured, and the unit is m;
e is a natural constant.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: the present embodiment differs from the ninth embodiment in that: the frequency of the low-frequency alternating current is 100-105 mHz. The rest is the same as in the ninth embodiment.
The invention was verified with the following tests:
test one: the test is a frozen soil resistivity testing device based on an RC circuit, as shown in figure 1, and specifically comprises a waveform generator 1, an upper insulating plate 2, a lower insulating plate 3, a first electrode 4, a second electrode 5, a capacitor 6, an oscilloscope and a computer; the first electrode 4 is a carbon fiber electrode; the second electrode 5 is a carbon fiber electrode; the resistivity of the carbon fiber electrode is 10-2Omega.m; the upper insulating plate 2 is made of organic glass; the lower insulating plate 3 is made of organic glass;
a first electrode 4 is arranged on the upper surface of a frozen soil sample 7 to be detected, a second electrode 5 is arranged on the lower surface of the frozen soil sample 7 to be detected, an upper insulating plate 2 is arranged above the first electrode 4, and a lower insulating plate 3 is arranged below the second electrode 5; the signal output end of the waveform generator 1 is connected with the first electrode 4, and two ends of the capacitor 6 are respectively connected with the second electrode 5 and the signal input end of the waveform generator 1; two test channels of the oscilloscope are respectively connected with two ends of the waveform generator 1 and two ends of the capacitor 6, and the signal output end of the oscilloscope is communicated with the computer; a point contact type conductive paste is smeared between the first electrode 4 and the frozen soil sample 7 to be detected; and point contact type conductive paste is smeared between the second electrode 5 and the frozen soil sample 7 to be detected.
The use method of the frozen soil resistivity testing device based on the RC circuit specifically comprises the following steps:
adjusting parameters of the waveform generator 1 to provide low-frequency alternating current with the frequency of 100mHz, generating square waves, recording the waveform of voltage change on an oscilloscope, and leading out waveform data to a computer to obtain the voltage V at two ends of the waveform generator 1SAnd the voltage V across the capacitor 6, the resistivity ρ is calculated using the following equation:
equation 1:
equation 2:
calculating R through a formula 1, substituting into a formula 2 to calculate resistivity rho;
t is time in units of s;
VSis the voltage across the waveform generator 1 in units of V;
v is the voltage across the capacitor 6 in units of V;
r is the resistance of the frozen soil sample 7 to be detected, and the unit is omega;
c is the capacitance of the capacitor 6 in F as a known quantity;
rho is the resistivity of the frozen soil sample 7 to be measured, and the unit is omega m;
s is the horizontal cross-sectional area of the frozen soil sample 7 to be measured, and the unit is m2；
L is the vertical height of the frozen soil sample 7 to be measured, and the unit is m;
e is a natural constant.
In this test, the capacitance C of the capacitor 6 was 0.0000001F, VsPerforming V-t curve fitting by using computer software to obtain a graph 2 when the voltage is 200V, and obtaining that the resistance R of the frozen soil sample 7 to be measured is 3880 omega by using a formula 1;
the frozen soil sample 7 to be measured is a cylinder, and the area S of the horizontal section is 9.5 multiplied by 10-3m2The vertical height L of the frozen soil sample 7 to be measured between the two electrodes is 0.0625m according to the formula 2
ρ is 589.97 Ω · m.
Claims (10)
1. A frozen soil resistivity testing device based on an RC circuit is characterized by comprising a waveform generator (1), an upper insulating plate (2), a lower insulating plate (3), a first electrode (4), a second electrode (5), a capacitor (6), an oscilloscope and a computer;
a first electrode (4) is arranged on the upper surface of the frozen soil sample (7) to be detected, a second electrode (5) is arranged on the lower surface of the frozen soil sample (7) to be detected, an upper insulating plate (2) is arranged above the first electrode (4), and a lower insulating plate (3) is arranged below the second electrode (5); the signal output end of the waveform generator (1) is connected with the first electrode (4), and two ends of the capacitor (6) are respectively connected with the second electrode (5) and the signal input end of the waveform generator (1); two testing channels of the oscilloscope are respectively connected with two ends of the waveform generator (1) and two ends of the capacitor (6), and the signal output end of the oscilloscope is communicated with the computer.
2. An RC circuit based frozen soil resistivity testing device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the first electrode (4) is a carbon fiber electrode.
3. The frozen soil resistivity test device based on the RC circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second electrode (5) is a carbon fiber electrode.
4. The frozen soil resistivity testing device based on the RC circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the resistivity of the carbon fiber electrode is 10-2Ω·m。
5. The frozen soil resistivity testing device based on the RC circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper insulating plate (2) is organic glass.
6. The frozen soil resistivity testing device based on the RC circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lower insulating plate (3) is organic glass.
7. The frozen soil resistivity testing device based on the RC circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein a point contact type conductive paste is applied between the first electrode (4) and the frozen soil sample (7) to be tested.
8. The frozen soil resistivity testing device based on the RC circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein a point contact type conductive paste is applied between the second electrode (5) and the frozen soil sample (7) to be tested.
9. The use method of the frozen soil resistivity test device based on the RC circuit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the use method of the frozen soil resistivity test device based on the RC circuit is as follows:
adjusting parameters of the waveform generator (1) to provide low-frequency alternating current to generate square waves, recording the waveform of voltage change on an oscilloscope, and leading out waveform data to a computer to obtain the voltage V at two ends of the waveform generator (1)SAnd a voltage V across the capacitor (6), the resistivity ρ being calculated using the following equation:
equation 1:
equation 2:
calculating R through a formula 1, substituting the formula into a formula 2 to calculate resistivity rho;
t is time in units of s;
VSis the voltage across the waveform generator (1) in units of V;
v is the voltage across the capacitor (6) in units of V;
r is the resistance of the frozen soil sample (7) to be detected, and the unit is omega;
c is the capacitance of the capacitor (6) in F as a known quantity;
rho is the resistivity of the frozen soil sample (7) to be measured, and the unit is omega m;
s is the horizontal cross-sectional area of the frozen soil sample (7) to be measured, and the unit is m2；
L is the vertical height of the frozen soil sample (7) to be detected, and the unit is m;
e is a natural constant.
10. The use method of the frozen soil resistivity testing device based on the RC circuit as claimed in claim 9, wherein the frequency of the low frequency alternating current is 100-105 mHz.
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| CN108593715A (en) * | 2018-03-10 | 2018-09-28 | 青海省气象灾害防御技术中心 | A method of testing native resistivity under artificial environment |
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- 2022-03-17 CN CN202210263122.4A patent/CN114646807A/en active Pending
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| CN2622713Y (en) * | 2003-06-02 | 2004-06-30 | 东南大学 | A.C. low frequency soil resistivity tester |
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