CN114645721A - Combined assembly process for highway tunnel and inverted arch structure and assembly device thereof - Google Patents
Combined assembly process for highway tunnel and inverted arch structure and assembly device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114645721A CN114645721A CN202210289735.5A CN202210289735A CN114645721A CN 114645721 A CN114645721 A CN 114645721A CN 202210289735 A CN202210289735 A CN 202210289735A CN 114645721 A CN114645721 A CN 114645721A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/003—Linings or provisions thereon, specially adapted for traffic tunnels, e.g. with built-in cleaning devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/107—Reinforcing elements therefor; Holders for the reinforcing elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/40—Devices or apparatus specially adapted for handling or placing units of linings or supporting units for tunnels or galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
- E21F16/02—Drainage of tunnels
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a combined assembly process of a highway tunnel and an inverted arch structure and an assembly device thereof, which comprise the following steps: erecting I-beams after the tunnel is excavated, pouring concrete, laying fine aggregate concrete, erecting a primary lining arch frame at the bottom of the tunnel after leveling, marking the assembly position of each prefabricated inverted arch block on the primary lining arch frame, and assembling the prefabricated inverted arch blocks one by one to form a complete highway tunnel assembly type inverted arch supporting structure; after each fabricated inverted arch supporting structure is assembled from back to front along the tunnel excavation direction, the tunnel bottom inverted arch supporting structure is finally formed, the prefabrication and assembly time of the prefabricated blocks can be effectively reduced, and therefore the construction difficulty of tunnel lining is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of tunnel and highway construction, and particularly relates to a highway tunnel combined type assembling process and an inverted arch structure and assembling device thereof.
Background
The tunnel and underground engineering fabricated lining technology is researched and applied to a certain extent at home and abroad, and the tunnel and underground engineering fabricated lining technology mainly aims at improving engineering quality, accelerating construction speed, reducing material consumption, reducing engineering construction cost and improving construction environment. At present, the prefabricated lining construction technology is widely adopted abroad, but the adoption of the prefabricated lining structure on the whole section in China is not common. The stress characteristics of the tunnel fabricated lining structure and the stress characteristics, the initial stress field, the section form, the joint form, the duct piece design parameters and the like are all problems needing to be studied deeply. It is necessary to research the fabricated lining of the highway tunnel.
At present, most of domestic tunnel prefabricated inverted arches are constructed by adopting arc-shaped duct pieces to be applied to the bottom of a tunnel according to a lining bending moment stress weak point dividing principle, then a backfill layer, a leveling layer, a base layer and a panel are poured, and then an asphalt surface layer is laid to form a road surface. The inverted arch segment form designed in the way still cannot finish the construction of tunnel support and pavement at one time, and a large amount of manpower, material resources and time are wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a highway tunnel combined type assembly process and an inverted arch structure and an assembly device thereof, which can effectively reduce the time of prefabricating and assembling prefabricated blocks, thereby reducing the construction difficulty of tunnel lining.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a combined assembly process for a highway tunnel comprises the following steps:
s1: fixing the primary support of the arch wall after the tunnel is excavated by adopting a spray anchor process, erecting I-steel in time, then pouring concrete, and erecting a foot locking anchor rod on a steel arch frame at the bottom of the tunnel;
s2: inverted arch excavation and substrate treatment: after paving fine aggregate concrete and leveling, erecting a primary lining arch at the bottom of the tunnel, and fixedly connecting the steel arch at the bottom of the tunnel with the primary lining arch in a welding mode;
s3: after primary support is finished, accurately positioning by using a total station, marking the assembly position of each prefabricated inverted arch block on the primary lining arch frame, and assembling the prefabricated inverted arch blocks one by one to form a complete highway tunnel assembly type inverted arch supporting structure;
s4: and (4) assembling each assembled inverted arch support structure from back to front along the tunnel excavation direction to finally form the tunnel bottom inverted arch support structure.
Further, when the assembly is carried out, the method comprises the following steps:
s31: firstly, hoisting a middle precast block to a central axis position, hoisting inverted arch blocks at two sides to installation positions at two sides, and connecting and fixing two horizontally adjacent inverted arch blocks;
s32: after the prefabricated blocks are assembled outwards from the middle axis, grouting reinforcement connection is carried out on the bottom gap of the inverted arch block through a grouting hole in the inverted arch block;
s33: the assembling work of the next assembled inverted arch support structure is repeated, and the front inverted arch support structure and the rear inverted arch support structure are longitudinally assembled through the longitudinal connecting piece.
Furthermore, drain pipes are embedded in the inverted arch block cavities on the two sides in site construction, one sides of the drain pipes are embedded into the cast-in-situ central ditch, the other sides of the drain pipes are provided with inspection wells, so that the condition of the drain pipes can be inspected later, and a waterproof layer is arranged at the bottom of the pipeline;
after the leftmost precast block and the rightmost precast block are spliced, a transverse drain pipe embedded in the rightmost precast block is communicated with a longitudinal drain pipe arranged in the primary lining arch frame, the inner side of the transverse drain pipe is communicated with a cavity serving as a longitudinal drain passage, and the transverse drain pipe, the longitudinal drain pipe and the longitudinal drain passage form a tunnel drain system.
Further, when the longitudinal length of the assembled multi-truss assembled inverted arch support structure reaches the longitudinal length of a secondary lining, installing two lining reinforcing steel bars of the secondary lining, welding two lining connecting reinforcing steel bars pre-embedded in the leftmost precast block and the rightmost precast block with two lining exposed reinforcing steel bars, spraying concrete by using a two lining trolley to construct the secondary lining, and connecting the inverted arch block, the two lining and the primary lining arch frame into a whole so as to bear force integrally.
A method for preparing an inverted arch block used in a combined assembly process of a highway tunnel comprises the following steps
S1: the method comprises the following steps that a steel mould is adopted for a mould for prefabricating the inverted arch block, and the template is checked and corrected before concrete pouring, wherein the relevant sizes of the template and an embedded part are checked, so that the embedded part, a reserved hole and the like fixed on the template are ensured not to be omitted, and reliable fixing measures are taken; after the inspection is finished, removing sundries on the die panel, coating a release agent on the surface of the die panel to facilitate the demoulding of concrete, and ensuring that the appearance of the precast block is smooth and flat after demoulding;
s2: whether the reinforcing steel bar meets the requirements or not is guaranteed before the inverted arch block reinforcing steel bar is installed, and the concrete construction parameters of the inverted arch block reinforcing steel bar are as follows:
s3: after the reinforcing steel bars are installed, the connecting structure and the grouting pipe are pre-embedded, so that accurate positioning and firm fixing are ensured, the end is sealed to prevent cement slurry from entering and blocking, the used pre-embedded pipe fitting meets the specification and design requirements, and the anchoring effect of hoisting accessories in concrete is ensured;
s4: pouring concrete into the mould, and waiting for solidification and forming;
s5: the appearance defect that the surface exists is in time repaired after the prefabricated inverted arch piece of inverted arch form removal, adopts geotechnological cloth to cover the maintenance of watering after the repair, and the maintenance time is no less than 14d, and the watering static time of stopping is not more than 6 h. And after the maintenance is finished, the inverted arch precast block is mechanically transported after the hanging strips are fixed at the grouting holes and the hoisting holes.
Furthermore, the prefabricated inverted arch member is concrete, and the concrete is continuously poured in a sectional and layered manner;
the method is limited by the shape of the template, in order to better enable concrete to vibrate compactly, an attached plane vibrator is added to each template to enhance vibration, a vibrating rod is adopted during pouring, the inserted vibrating rod is used for vibrating, fast inserting and slow pulling are responded, inserting points are uniformly arranged and move point by point, the sequential operation is carried out, omission is avoided, uniform vibration is achieved, and the whole concrete pouring process can detect and adjust the concrete pouring thickness at any time.
Implement an inverted arch structure of laying in highway tunnel combination formula process of assembling, include just lining the bow member and being located the secondary lining of just lining the bow member left and right sides, it is two sets of secondary lining's bottom is provided with the avris respectively in corresponding to just lining the bow member and faces upward the hunch piece, just it faces upward the hunch piece through the avris to just lining the bow member and is connected the setting with the secondary lining that corresponds the side, two it is provided with a plurality of middles between the hunch piece to face upward the hunch piece, just the middle hunch piece of facing upward is with the avris piece demountable assembly setting of inclining upward, a plurality of groups the middle assembly of facing upward hunch piece and avris piece of facing upward is laid in proper order in tunnel longitudinal direction.
Furthermore, the side elevation arch block is connected with the secondary lining through a connecting assembly, the side elevation arch block and the secondary lining are arranged at intervals to form a pouring space, and concrete is cast in the pouring space to form a cast-in-place block; the side elevation arch block is also connected to the secondary lining through a cast-in-place block.
Furthermore, the connecting assembly comprises two lining connecting steel bars pre-buried on the side inverted arch block and two lining exposed steel bars exposed in the secondary lining, and the two lining connecting steel bars and the two lining exposed steel bars are welded.
Implement a device of assembling of inverted arch structure in highway tunnel combination formula assembly technology, including switching support, rotation mechanism, vertical beat mechanism, horizontal beat mechanism, elevating system and inverted arch operating device, the bottom of switching support is provided with rotation mechanism, rotation mechanism's the end of serving is provided with vertical beat mechanism, vertical beat mechanism is through rotation mechanism gyration in the horizontal plane, the end of the beat of vertical beat mechanism is served and is provided with horizontal beat mechanism, horizontal beat mechanism sets up with vertical beat direction mutually perpendicular of mechanism, the end of the beat of horizontal beat mechanism is served and is provided with elevating system, the lift end of elevating system is provided with inverted arch operating device, and the inverted arch piece passes through inverted arch operating device shifts.
Has the beneficial effects that: the assembled inverted arch structure is distributed in a left-right symmetrical mode about the central axis, the transverse and longitudinal sizes of the prefabricated blocks corresponding to the left and right sides are the same, the prefabrication and assembling time of the prefabricated blocks can be effectively shortened, and therefore the construction difficulty of tunnel lining is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an inverted arch block assembling process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an inverted arch structure of a tunnel according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the inverted arch structure of the tunnel of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an assembly schematic diagram of a multi-truss inverted arch support structure in a tunnel according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the splicing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the splicing apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic half-section view of the splicing apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in the attached figure 1, the combined assembly process for the highway tunnel comprises the following steps:
s1: fixing the primary support of the arch wall after tunnel excavation by adopting a traditional spray anchor process, erecting I-shaped steel in time, then pouring concrete, and erecting a foot locking anchor rod on a steel arch frame at the bottom of the tunnel; the secondary lining of the construction tunnel is realized by wet spraying concrete by using a two-lining trolley;
s2: inverted arch excavation and substrate treatment: after paving fine aggregate concrete and leveling, erecting a primary lining arch at the bottom of the tunnel, and fixedly connecting the steel arch at the bottom of the tunnel with the primary lining arch in a welding mode;
s3: after primary support is completed, accurate positioning is carried out by adopting a total station, the assembly position of each prefabricated inverted arch block is marked on the primary lining arch frame by using colored paint, and the prefabricated inverted arch blocks are assembled one by one to form a complete highway tunnel assembly type inverted arch supporting structure;
s4: and assembling the assembled inverted arch support structures from back to front along the tunnel excavation direction, wherein the left side and the right side of each assembled inverted arch support structure are symmetrically arranged, and finally the tunnel bottom inverted arch support structure is formed.
The assembling of each assembled inverted arch supporting structure comprises multiple steps, such as hoisting, rotating, aligning and the like. When assembling, firstly hoisting the middle precast block 4 to the position of the central axis, and then hoisting the precast blocks at two sides, and when assembling, the method comprises the following steps:
s31: firstly, hoisting a middle precast block to a central axis position, hoisting inverted arch blocks at two sides to installation positions at two sides, and connecting and fixing two horizontally adjacent inverted arch blocks;
s32: after the prefabricated blocks are assembled outwards from the middle axis, grouting reinforcement connection is carried out on the bottom gap of the inverted arch block through a grouting hole in the inverted arch block;
s33: the assembling work of the next assembled inverted arch support structure is repeated, and the front inverted arch support structure and the rear inverted arch support structure are longitudinally assembled through the longitudinal connecting piece.
Compressible water stopping strips are placed on the upper portion, the lower portion and the periphery of the prefabricated inverted arch blocks after the screw rods are connected, the bolts are screwed down after installation is completed, the water stopping strips are compressed in place, and gaps among the prefabricated blocks are sealed to achieve the water stopping effect. And (5) filling and further sealing gaps outside the prefabricated block structures by using epoxy resin mortar.
A drain pipe is embedded in the inverted arch block cavities at two sides in site construction, one side of the drain pipe is embedded into a cast-in-situ central ditch, the other side of the drain pipe is provided with an inspection well so as to inspect the condition of the drain pipe at the later stage, and a waterproof layer is arranged at the bottom of the pipeline;
after the leftmost precast block and the rightmost precast block are spliced, a transverse drain pipe embedded in the rightmost precast block is communicated with a longitudinal drain pipe arranged in the primary lining arch frame, the inner side of the transverse drain pipe is communicated with a cavity serving as a longitudinal drain passage, and the transverse drain pipe, the longitudinal drain pipe and the longitudinal drain passage form a tunnel drain system.
The transverse drain pipe 10, the longitudinal drain pipe 15 and the grouting holes 11 are all PVC pipes with proper sizes pre-buried in the precast block. After the leftmost precast block 1 and the rightmost precast block 7 are spliced, a transverse drain pipe 10 pre-embedded in the leftmost precast block is communicated with a longitudinal drain pipe 15 arranged in a primary lining, the inner side of the transverse drain pipe 10 is communicated with a cavity serving as a longitudinal drain channel, and a waterproof layer is coated on the bottom surface of the longitudinal drain channel. Thus, the transverse drain pipe 10, the longitudinal drain pipe 15 and the longitudinal drain passage constitute a drain system of the tunnel.
Further, when the longitudinal length of the assembled multi-truss assembled inverted arch support structure reaches the longitudinal length of a secondary lining, installing two lining reinforcing steel bars of the secondary lining, welding two lining connecting reinforcing steel bars pre-embedded in the leftmost precast block and the rightmost precast block with two lining exposed reinforcing steel bars, spraying concrete by using a two lining trolley to construct the secondary lining, and connecting the inverted arch block, the two lining and the primary lining arch frame into a whole so as to bear force integrally. Finally, the cable grooves 23 on the two sides of the tunnel are constructed, and then the concrete leveling layer 18 and the asphalt surface layer 19 are constructed on the top surface of the inverted arch.
After the prefabricated inverted arch structure is installed, a certain number of monitoring points are distributed on the top surface of the prefabricated block, periodic detection is carried out, and the settlement condition of the prefabricated inverted arch after installation is analyzed through data comparison. And embedding a detection sensor for concrete and steel bars in the primary support and the precast block of the inverted arch, and periodically acquiring data to prepare for later theoretical analysis.
A method for preparing an inverted arch block used in a combined assembly process of a highway tunnel comprises the following steps
S1: the method comprises the following steps that a steel mould is adopted for a mould for prefabricating the inverted arch block, and the template is checked and corrected before concrete pouring, wherein the relevant sizes of the template and an embedded part are checked, so that the embedded part, a reserved hole and the like fixed on the template are ensured not to be omitted, and reliable fixing measures are taken; after the inspection is finished, removing sundries on the die panel, coating a release agent on the surface of the die panel to facilitate the demoulding of concrete, and ensuring that the appearance of the precast block is smooth and flat after demoulding;
s2: should guarantee before the installation of inverted arch piece reinforcing bar whether the reinforcing bar meets the requirements, the concrete construction parameters of inverted arch piece reinforcing bar: design of main reinforcement
The deformed steel bars are arranged at intervals of 25cm and distributed ribs are designed
The deformed steel bars are arranged in a double-layer mode with the distance of 20cm, the protective layer is 5cm, and the thickness of the protective layer is controlled by a butterfly-shaped cement cushion block during installation.
S3: after the reinforcing steel bars are installed, the connecting structure and the grouting pipe are pre-embedded, so that accurate positioning and firm fixing are ensured, the end is sealed to prevent cement slurry from entering and blocking, the used pre-embedded pipe fitting meets the specification and design requirements, and the anchoring effect of hoisting accessories in concrete is ensured; the pre-buried screw sleeve pipe after the reinforcing steel bar is installed is pre-bent into an arc shape
Hoisting nut and grouting pipe
And (5) steel pipes.
S4: pouring concrete into the mould, and waiting for solidification and forming;
s5: the method comprises the steps of repairing appearance defects existing on the surface in time after an inverted arch prefabricated inverted arch block is demolded, covering and watering by geotextile after repairing, maintaining for 14d at least, and watering standing time not more than 6 h. And after the maintenance is finished, the inverted arch precast block is mechanically transported after the hanging strips are fixed at the grouting holes and the hoisting holes.
Furthermore, the prefabricated inverted arch member is concrete, and the concrete is continuously poured in a sectional and layered manner;
the method is limited by the shape of the template, in order to better enable concrete to vibrate compactly, an attached plane vibrator is added to each template to enhance vibration, a vibrating rod is adopted during pouring, the inserted vibrating rod is used for vibrating, fast inserting and slow pulling are responded, inserting points are uniformly arranged and move point by point, the sequential operation is carried out, omission is avoided, uniform vibration is achieved, and the whole concrete pouring process can detect and adjust the concrete pouring thickness at any time.
As shown in fig. 2 to fig. 4, implement the inverted arch structure of laying in highway tunnel modular assembly technology, including just lining bow member 12 and being located the secondary lining 13 of just lining bow member 12 left and right sides, it is two sets of secondary lining 13's bottom is provided with the ascending arch piece 30 of avris respectively corresponding to just lining bow member 12, just lining bow member 12 is connected the setting through the ascending arch piece 30 of avris with the secondary lining 13 that corresponds the side, two be provided with at least one middle ascending arch piece 40 between the ascending arch piece 30 of avris, in this scheme, in order to reduce the volume of middle ascending arch piece, use a plurality of middle ascending arch piece structures, just middle ascending arch piece 40 can be dismantled with the ascending arch piece 30 of avris and assemble the setting, a plurality of groups the combination body of middle ascending arch piece 40 and the ascending arch piece 30 of avris is laid in proper order in the tunnel longitudinal direction. The assembly is spliced through the plurality of upward arch blocks, so that the construction time can be effectively shortened, the material is saved, the cost is saved, the construction quality can be ensured, and the safety of tunnel operation is ensured.
The side elevation arch block 30 is connected with the secondary lining 13 through a connecting assembly, the side elevation arch block 30 is arranged at a distance from the secondary lining 13 to form a pouring space, and concrete is cast in the pouring space to form a cast-in-place block 8; the side inverted arch blocks 30 are also connected to the secondary lining 13 by cast-in-place blocks 8. The side-facing arch block 30 is connected with the secondary lining 13 through the connecting assembly on one hand, and is also connected with the secondary lining through the cast-in-place block 8 on the other hand, so that the overall connecting strength is further improved, and the overall safety is improved.
The tunnel is formed by splicing a plurality of prefabricated inverted arch blocks with different structures, each prefabricated block is a reinforced concrete prefabricated member, the inverted arch blocks are distributed in a bilateral symmetry mode along the middle of the tunnel, the inverted arch blocks and concrete cast-in-place sections on the left side and the right side form a complete supporting structure together, and the integral supporting structure is arranged from front to back along the tunnel construction direction.
Coupling assembling is including pre-buried two lining connecting reinforcement 20 and the exposed two lining of secondary 13 on the oblique upward arch piece of avris in the arch piece 30 expose reinforcing bar 21, two lining connecting reinforcement 20 and the welding of two lining exposure reinforcing bar 21 to the joint strength of further promotion secondary lining and the oblique upward arch piece of avris, promote stability.
The side elevation arch block 30 comprises a leftmost elevation arch block 1 and a rightmost elevation arch block 7, the middle elevation arch block 40 comprises a left inverted arch block I2, a left elevation arch block II 3, an elevation arch block III 4, a right elevation arch block II 5 and a right inverted arch block I6, the upper surface of the inverted arch precast block is a plane, the bottom of the inverted arch precast block is arc-shaped, and the bottom of the inverted arch is connected with an arch frame of a primary lining. The side upward arch block 30 is of a groove-shaped structure, the middle upward arch block 40 is of an I-shaped structure, the side upward arch block 40 and the middle upward arch block 40 are spliced and assembled to form a plurality of longitudinal cavities, and the longitudinal cavities can be used for draining water.
Still include horizontal drain pipe 10, two supply pre-buried horizontal drain pipe 10 that is provided with in the fast 30 of avris invert, the avris is faced upward and is provided with the vertical drain pipe 15 along the vertical setting in tunnel between arch 30 and the first lining 14, the one end of horizontal drain pipe 10 communicates in the vertical cavity that the avris arch piece corresponds, and the other end communicates in vertical drain pipe 15. The two pre-buried drain pipes are identical in size and shape, symmetrically and transversely arranged along the center line of the tunnel, communicated with the longitudinal drain pipe positioned on the outer side of the primary lining, and identical in size and shape.
The side upward arch block 30 and the middle upward arch block 40 are both reinforced concrete precast blocks, and vertical grouting holes 11 are formed in the bottoms of the side upward arch block 30 and the middle upward arch block 40. The side inverted arch blocks 30 and the middle inverted arch block 40 form an inverted arch supporting structure, and the bottom surface of the assembled inverted arch supporting structure is fixedly connected with the primary lining steel arch frame 12 through concrete poured in the pre-embedded grouting holes 11.
The bottom surface of inverted arch supporting structure and the intrados of just lining bow member 12 match and set up, just inverted arch supporting structure's top surface is planar structure, level 18 and roadbed 19 have been laid at least from below to the top of inverted arch supporting structure. The top surface of the assembled inverted arch supporting structure is paved with a leveling layer 18, and an asphalt surface layer is paved on the leveling layer 18 and used for automobile passing.
The transverse splicing of each prefabricated block is realized by a transverse connecting bolt 16; the longitudinal splicing of the front and rear prefabricated inverted arch structures along the longitudinal construction direction of the tunnel is performed by the longitudinal connecting bolts 17.
The advantages included in the scheme are as follows: 1. the assembled inverted arch structure is in bilateral symmetry distribution about a central axis, transverse and longitudinal sizes of corresponding prefabricated blocks are the same, and prefabrication and assembly time of the prefabricated blocks can be effectively shortened, so that construction difficulty of tunnel lining is reduced.
2. The assembled inverted arch supporting structure is reasonable, safe and reliable. The bottom surfaces of the precast blocks are connected with the primary steel arch frame by pouring concrete through the grouting holes of the middle precast block. The top surface is a plane, and after the assembly of the precast blocks is finished, the precast blocks can be assembled
The concrete leveling layer is immediately constructed, and then the asphalt surface layer is constructed, so that the construction process of inverted arch backfilling is omitted, the vehicle can be quickly opened, and the construction time is greatly shortened; the leftmost upward arch block, the rightmost upward arch block and the second liner
The steel bars are welded, and the cast-in-place blocks are formed by casting concrete on the positions of the welded steel bars, so that the left-most precast blocks and the right-most precast blocks are connected with the cast-in-place blocks and the two linings, and the firmness of the inverted arch blocks and the secondary lining is enhanced.
Therefore, the primary tunnel support, the inverted arch support structure and the secondary lining form a stressed whole, and the safety and reliability of the tunnel are guaranteed.
3. Optimize inverted arch structure and excellent in use effect. Each inverted arch precast block is a reinforced concrete precast member, 6 cavities penetrating through the inverted arch precast blocks are formed after 7I-shaped precast blocks are assembled, the cavities serve as longitudinal drainage channels, and the bottoms of the cavities of the inverted arch precast blocks on the two sides are provided with a waterproof layer. The cavity form of structure both can alleviate the weight of invert to material saving, a plurality of cavity forms have increased the cross section of crossing moreover, ensure tunnel drainage ability.
As shown in fig. 5 to 7, an assembling device of an inverted arch structure in a combined assembling process of a road tunnel is implemented, which is used for paving inverted arch blocks, and comprises a transfer support 31, a swing mechanism, a longitudinal deflection mechanism, a transverse deflection mechanism, a lifting mechanism and an inverted arch operation mechanism, wherein the swing mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the transfer support 31, the swing end of the swing mechanism is provided with the longitudinal deflection mechanism, the longitudinal deflection mechanism rotates in a horizontal plane through the swing mechanism, the deflection end of the longitudinal deflection mechanism is provided with the transverse deflection mechanism, the deflection directions of the transverse deflection mechanism and the longitudinal deflection mechanism are perpendicular to each other, the deflection end of the transverse deflection mechanism is provided with the lifting mechanism, the lifting end of the lifting mechanism is provided with the inverted arch operation mechanism, and the inverted arch blocks are transferred through the inverted arch operation mechanism. The invention can adjust the inverted arch block in multiple directions and multiple angles through the slewing mechanism, the longitudinal deflection mechanism, the transverse deflection mechanism, the lifting mechanism and the inverted arch operating mechanism, so that the inverted arch block can be quickly and accurately installed on the inverted arch steel frame.
Rotation mechanism includes rotation driving module 32 and upper bracket 33, rotation driving module 32's fixed part sets up on switching support 31, rotation driving module 32 passes through upper bracket fixing bolt subassembly 42 and switching leg joint, just rotation driving module's the portion of gyration sets up down, rotation driving module 32 can be the fluid pressure type rotation module, upper bracket 33 sets up on rotation driving module 32's gyration is served, upper bracket 33 passes through rotation driving module 32 and adjusts in the horizontal plane rotation.
The longitudinal deflection mechanism comprises a longitudinal deflection oil cylinder 34 and a middle support frame 35, the upper end of the middle support frame 35 is hinged to the upper support frame 3, the bottom end of the middle support frame is hinged to the telescopic end of the longitudinal deflection oil cylinder 34, the other end of the longitudinal deflection oil cylinder 34 is hinged to the upper support frame 33, and the middle support frame 35 swings and adjusts in the vertical plane through the telescopic action of the longitudinal deflection oil cylinder 34.
The upper supporting frame 33 is provided with longitudinal deflection limiting shafts 50 parallel to the middle supporting frame rotating shaft 49 at intervals, the middle supporting frame 35 is provided with longitudinal deflection limiting grooves 60 by taking the middle supporting frame rotating shaft 49 as a circle center, and the longitudinal deflection limiting shafts 50 penetrate through the longitudinal deflection limiting grooves. The longitudinal deflection limiting groove 60 can limit the longitudinal deflection angle and prevent the deflection angle from being too large.
The transverse deflection mechanism comprises a lower support frame 36 and a transverse deflection oil cylinder 37, the top end of the lower support frame 36 is hinged to the middle support frame 35, the bottom end of the lower support frame is hinged to the telescopic end of the transverse deflection oil cylinder 37, the other end of the transverse deflection oil cylinder 37 is hinged to the middle support frame 35, and the lower support frame 36 swings and adjusts in the vertical plane through the telescopic action of the transverse deflection oil cylinder. The middle support frame 35 is provided with transverse deflection limiting shafts 39 parallel to the lower support frame rotating shaft 55 at intervals, transverse deflection limiting grooves 60 are formed in the lower support frame 36 by taking the lower support frame rotating shaft 55 as a circle center, and the transverse deflection limiting shafts 39 penetrate through the transverse deflection limiting grooves. The transverse deflection limiting groove can limit the transverse deflection angle and prevent the deflection angle from being too large.
The lifting mechanism comprises a lifting oil cylinder 43 arranged on the lower support frame through a lower bolt combination 44, and the inverted arch operation mechanism is a hydraulic clamping fixture 70.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A combined type assembling process for a highway tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: fixing the primary support of the arch wall after the tunnel is excavated by adopting a spray anchor process, erecting I-steel in time, then pouring concrete, and erecting a foot locking anchor rod on a steel arch frame at the bottom of the tunnel;
s2: inverted arch excavation and substrate treatment: after paving fine aggregate concrete and leveling, erecting a primary lining arch at the bottom of the tunnel, and fixedly connecting the steel arch at the bottom of the tunnel with the primary lining arch in a welding mode;
s3: after primary support is finished, accurately positioning by using a total station, marking the assembly position of each prefabricated inverted arch block on the primary lining arch frame, and assembling the prefabricated inverted arch blocks one by one to form a complete highway tunnel assembly type inverted arch supporting structure;
s4: and (4) assembling each assembled inverted arch support structure from back to front along the tunnel excavation direction to finally form the tunnel bottom inverted arch support structure.
2. The highway tunnel combined type assembling process according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: when the assembly is carried out, the method comprises the following steps:
s31: firstly, hoisting a middle precast block to a central axis position, hoisting inverted arch blocks at two sides to installation positions at two sides, and connecting and fixing two horizontally adjacent inverted arch blocks;
s32: after the prefabricated blocks are assembled outwards from the middle axis, grouting reinforcement connection is carried out on the bottom gap of the inverted arch block through a grouting hole in the inverted arch block;
s33: the assembling work of the next assembled inverted arch support structure is repeated, and the front inverted arch support structure and the rear inverted arch support structure are longitudinally assembled through the longitudinal connecting piece.
3. The highway tunnel combined type assembling process according to claim 2, characterized in that: a drain pipe is embedded in the inverted arch block cavities at two sides in site construction, one side of the drain pipe is embedded into a cast-in-situ central ditch, the other side of the drain pipe is provided with an inspection well so as to inspect the condition of the drain pipe at the later stage, and a waterproof layer is arranged at the bottom of the pipeline;
after the leftmost prefabricated section and the rightmost prefabricated section are spliced, the transverse drain pipes pre-embedded in the leftmost prefabricated section are communicated with the longitudinal drain pipes arranged in the primary lining arch centering, the inner sides of the transverse drain pipes are communicated with a cavity which plays a longitudinal drain channel, and the transverse drain pipes, the longitudinal drain pipes and the longitudinal drain channel form a tunnel drainage system.
4. The highway tunnel combined type assembling process according to claim 2, wherein the process comprises the following steps: when the longitudinal length of the assembled multi-truss assembled inverted arch support structure reaches the longitudinal length of a secondary lining, installing two lining reinforcing steel bars of the secondary lining, welding and connecting two lining connecting reinforcing steel bars pre-embedded in the leftmost precast block and the rightmost precast block with two lining exposed reinforcing steel bars, spraying concrete by using a two-lining trolley to construct the secondary lining, and connecting the inverted arch block, the two lining and the primary lining arch frame into a whole so as to bear the force integrally.
5. The method for preparing the inverted arch block used in the combined assembly process of the highway tunnel according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: comprises that
S1: the method comprises the following steps that a steel mould is adopted for a mould for prefabricating the inverted arch block, and the template is checked and corrected before concrete pouring, wherein the relevant sizes of the template and an embedded part are checked, so that the embedded part, a reserved hole and the like fixed on the template are ensured not to be omitted, and reliable fixing measures are taken; after the inspection is finished, removing sundries on the die panel, coating a release agent on the surface of the die panel to facilitate the demoulding of concrete, and ensuring that the appearance of the precast block is smooth and flat after demoulding;
s2: whether the reinforcing steel bar meets the requirements or not is guaranteed before the inverted arch block reinforcing steel bar is installed, and the concrete construction parameters of the inverted arch block reinforcing steel bar are as follows:
s3: after the reinforcing steel bars are installed, the connecting structure and the grouting pipe are pre-embedded, so that accurate positioning and firm fixing are ensured, the end is sealed to prevent cement slurry from entering and blocking, the used pre-embedded pipe fitting meets the specification and design requirements, and the anchoring effect of hoisting accessories in concrete is ensured;
s4: pouring concrete into the mould, and waiting for solidification and molding;
s5: the appearance defect that the surface exists is in time repaired after the prefabricated inverted arch piece of inverted arch form removal, adopts geotechnological cloth to cover the maintenance of watering after the repair, and the maintenance time is no less than 14d, and the watering static time of stopping is not more than 6 h. And after the maintenance is finished, the inverted arch precast block is mechanically transported after the hanging strips are fixed at the grouting holes and the hoisting holes.
6. The method for preparing the inverted arch block used in the combined assembly process of the highway tunnel according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the prefabricated inverted arch member is concrete, and the concrete is poured in a segmented and layered manner continuously;
the method is limited by the shape of the template, in order to better enable concrete to vibrate compactly, an attached plane vibrator is added to each template to enhance vibration, a vibrating rod is adopted during pouring, the inserted vibrating rod is used for vibrating, fast inserting and slow pulling are responded, inserting points are uniformly arranged and move point by point, the sequential operation is carried out, omission is avoided, uniform vibration is achieved, and the whole concrete pouring process can detect and adjust the concrete pouring thickness at any time.
7. The inverted arch structure laid in the combined assembly process of the road tunnel according to the claim 1 is implemented, and is characterized in that: including lining bow member (12) and being located the secondary lining (13) of lining bow member (12) left and right sides first, two sets of the bottom of secondary lining (13) is provided with the ascending arch piece of avris (30) respectively corresponding to lining bow member (12) first, lining bow member (12) is faced upward through the avris and is encircleed piece (30) and be connected the setting with the secondary lining (13) that corresponds the side, two the avris is faced upward and is provided with a plurality of middles between arch piece (30) and pitch up arch piece (40), just middle pitching up arch piece (40) and avris are faced upward to arch piece (30) and can dismantle the assembly setting, a plurality of groups the middle assembly of pitching arch piece (40) and avris pitching arch piece (30) is laid in proper order in the vertical direction in tunnel.
8. The inverted arch structure laid in the combined assembly process of the road tunnel according to claim 7 is implemented, and is characterized in that: the side elevation arch block (30) is connected with the secondary lining (13) through a connecting assembly, the side elevation arch block (30) and the secondary lining (13) are arranged at intervals to form a pouring space, and concrete is cast in the pouring space to form a cast-in-place block (8); the side inverted arch block (30) is also connected to the secondary lining (13) through a cast-in-place block (8).
9. The inverted arch structure laid in the combined assembly process of the road tunnel, according to the claim 8, is implemented, and is characterized in that: the connecting assembly comprises two lining connecting steel bars (20) embedded on the side inverted arch blocks (30) and two lining exposed steel bars (21) exposed in the secondary lining (13), and the two lining connecting steel bars (20) and the two lining exposed steel bars (21) are welded.
10. The assembly device for the inverted arch structure in the combined assembly process of the road tunnel, according to the claim 7, is implemented, wherein: including switching support (31), rotation mechanism, vertical beat mechanism, horizontal beat mechanism, elevating system and inverted arch operation mechanism, the bottom of switching support (31) is provided with rotation mechanism, rotation mechanism's the end of turning is provided with vertical beat mechanism, vertical beat mechanism passes through rotation mechanism and revolves in the horizontal plane, vertical beat mechanism's beat end is provided with horizontal beat mechanism, horizontal beat mechanism sets up with vertical beat direction mutually perpendicular of mechanism, horizontal beat mechanism's beat end is provided with elevating system, elevating system's lift end is provided with inverted arch operation mechanism, and the inverted arch piece passes through inverted arch operation mechanism shifts.
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| CN202210289735.5A CN114645721A (en) | 2022-03-23 | 2022-03-23 | Combined assembly process for highway tunnel and inverted arch structure and assembly device thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117684642A (en) * | 2024-02-02 | 2024-03-12 | 徐州鼎博混凝土制品有限公司 | Concrete prefabricated member positioning, installing and constructing equipment |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117684642A (en) * | 2024-02-02 | 2024-03-12 | 徐州鼎博混凝土制品有限公司 | Concrete prefabricated member positioning, installing and constructing equipment |
| CN117684642B (en) * | 2024-02-02 | 2024-04-19 | 徐州鼎博混凝土制品有限公司 | Concrete prefabricated member positioning, installing and constructing equipment |
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