CN114645237A - Cooking utensil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cooking utensil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114645237A CN114645237A CN202011515791.3A CN202011515791A CN114645237A CN 114645237 A CN114645237 A CN 114645237A CN 202011515791 A CN202011515791 A CN 202011515791A CN 114645237 A CN114645237 A CN 114645237A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- alloy coating
- alloy
- pot body
- entropy alloy
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- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 182
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 182
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 169
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 167
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 9
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- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 TiV Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001120 nichrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000684 Cobalt-chrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910015325 MoFe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010038629 Molybdoferredoxin Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003266 NiCo Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010340 TiFe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000010952 cobalt-chrome Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- QFXZANXYUCUTQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethynol Chemical group OC#C QFXZANXYUCUTQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010288 cold spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- KHXKESCWFMPTFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoro-3-(1,2,2-trifluoroethenoxy)propane Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)OC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F KHXKESCWFMPTFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNGREZUHAYWORS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-pentadecafluorooctanoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F SNGREZUHAYWORS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005280 amorphization Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YOALFLHFSFEMLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-pentadecafluorooctanoic acid Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F YOALFLHFSFEMLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015067 sauces Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
- A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
- A47J36/025—Vessels with non-stick features, e.g. coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
- C23C24/04—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/126—Detonation spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/129—Flame spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/131—Wire arc spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/18—After-treatment
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The present application provides a cooking appliance and a method for preparing the same, wherein the method comprises the steps of: forming a base material into a pot body with a cooking cavity through stretching; forming an alloy coating on the inner surface of the pot body by using metal powder through a spraying process; and carrying out laser remelting treatment on the cooled alloy coating on the inner surface of the pot body, so that the alloy coating is converted into a high-entropy alloy coating, and the high-entropy alloy coating has non-adhesiveness. According to the preparation method of the cooking utensil and the cooking utensil, the alloy coating is alloyed in a high entropy mode through laser remelting treatment, and the high entropy alloy has low surface energy, so that the lasting non-adhesiveness of the cooking utensil can be effectively improved, and the service life of the cooking utensil is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of appliances, in particular to a cooking appliance and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The non-stick materials for the current appliances mainly comprise fluorine paint, ceramic paint and organic silicon resin. The three are mainly sprayed on the inner surface of the pan to prepare a non-stick coating so as to achieve the purpose of non-sticking when heating food. The non-stick principle of fluorine coatings is mainly that fluoropolymers have very low surface free energy. The ceramic coating is mainly a coating with silicon-oxygen bonds and inorganic silicon as a main component. Mainly forms a nano structure on the surface of the pan body so as to achieve the effect of non-sticking. The organic silicon resin achieves the non-sticky effect by mainly utilizing the characteristic of low surface energy. Although these three coatings have a non-stick effect, they all have significant drawbacks: the fluorine coating non-stick coating is not wear-resistant, dishes can not be cleaned by an iron shovel or a steel wire ball or scouring pad, harmful substances can be generated by decomposition at high temperature, and the non-stick property is reduced after the coating is worn; the ceramic coating has poorer non-stick effect than fluorine coating, has poor lasting non-stick property, and is easy to fall off after being generally used for 3-6 months; the non-stick effect of the organic silicon coating is poorer than that of the fluorine coating, the color is easy to yellow or gray after the organic silicon coating is contacted with high temperature or open fire, the hardness is reduced at high temperature, and the phenomenon of 'back sticking' is easy to generate. Therefore, the existing cooking utensil has poor durability and non-stick property.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a cooking appliance, which can effectively improve the durability and non-stick property of the cooking appliance and prolong the service life of the cooking appliance.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a preparation method of a cooking appliance, including the following steps:
forming a base material into a pot body with a cooking cavity through stretching; forming an alloy coating on the inner surface of the pot body by using metal powder through a spraying process; and carrying out laser remelting treatment on the cooled alloy coating on the inner surface of the pot body, so that the alloy coating is converted into a high-entropy alloy coating, and the high-entropy alloy coating has non-adhesiveness.
In the scheme, the alloy coating is alloyed in a high entropy mode through laser remelting treatment, the high entropy alloy has a higher disordering degree of an alloy microstructure due to the lattice distortion effect caused by the difference of atomic radii of different elements, the amorphous tendency is generated, the high entropy of the high entropy alloy obviously reduces free energy, and therefore the high entropy alloy has lower surface energy and a non-stick effect compared with a common material; the microscopic lattice distortion of the composite non-stick coating can also improve the hardness and strength of the material, and further improve the wear resistance of the composite non-stick coating; effectively improve cooking utensil's lasting inadhesion, improve cooking utensil's life.
In one possible embodiment, the elements in the high entropy alloy coating include at least four of Mg, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, Hf, Ta, W, Pb, Si and B.
In the scheme, each metal element is a common metal element, the high-entropy alloy formed by combination can reduce the production cost, and the high-entropy alloy has lower surface energy and can generate a non-sticking effect.
In one possible embodiment, the metal powder includes at least one of the following features a-b:
a. the metal powder comprises metal simple substance powder, and the metal simple substance comprises at least four of Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Nb, Mo, Sn, Hf, Ta, W and Pb;
b. the metal powder includes an alloy powder including at least two of MoFe, TiFe, TiV, NiCo, CoCr, and NiCr.
In the scheme, the metal powder can be metal simple substance powder and/or metal alloy powder, so that the limitation on raw materials is low, and the cost can be effectively reduced.
In a possible embodiment, the molar content of each element in the high-entropy alloy coating is 5 to 35%. So as to ensure the multi-principal element characteristics of the alloy and improve the disorder degree of the alloy structure.
In one possible embodiment, the alloy coating has a thickness of 30 to 150 um.
In the scheme, when the thickness of the alloy coating is more than 150um, the subsequent laser remelting treatment is not facilitated, the base material elements cannot be fully alloyed with the alloy coating, the composition segregation is easy to generate, and the binding force of the coating is reduced; when the thickness of the alloy coating is less than 30um, the base material is easily exposed during laser remelting treatment, and the service life of the cooking utensil is reduced.
In one possible embodiment, the spray process comprises a thermal spray process or a cold spray process, wherein the thermal spray process comprises at least one of plasma spraying, high velocity flame spraying, oxy-acetylene flame spraying, electric arc spraying, and detonation spraying.
In the scheme, the consumption of raw materials can be reduced by adopting the thermal spraying process, so that the soaking layer formed by spraying can have better compactness, the binding force with the pot body is enhanced, and the soaking layer is not easy to fall off.
In one possible embodiment, the spray coating process is a plasma spray coating process that includes at least one of the following features a-f:
a. the average grain diameter of the metal powder is 300-1000 meshes;
b. the spraying distance is 140 mm-160 mm
c. The spraying current is 400-450A;
d. the powder feeding speed of the metal powder is 20 g/min-40 g/min;
e. in the spraying process, the required plasma working gas comprises argon and hydrogen, wherein the gas flow of the argon is 40-70L/min, and the gas flow of the hydrogen is 6-10L/min;
f. in the spraying process, a multiple spraying method is adopted, and the thickness of a single spraying layer is 0.05 mm.
In the scheme, the relevant parameters of the plasma spraying process are controlled within the range, so that a uniform alloy coating is formed on the inner surface of the pot body, and the compactness and the bonding force of the alloy coating can be improved.
In one possible embodiment, the laser remelting treatment includes at least one of the following features a-f:
a. the laser power is 0.5 kw-2 kw;
b. the scanning speed is 10m/min to 15 m/min;
c. the diameter of the laser spot is 3 mm-10 mm;
d. the lapping rate is 50% -70%;
e. the processing temperature of the laser remelting treatment is the melting point temperature of the metal with the highest melting point in the alloy coating;
f. and blowing argon gas along the laser processing direction to protect the pot body during laser remelting treatment.
In the scheme, the technological parameters of laser remelting treatment are controlled within the range, so that the alloy coating and each element in the base material are remelted to form the high-entropy alloy, the local disorder degree of the alloy coating is increased, the structure of the high-entropy alloy coating is uniform and compact, the surface energy is lower, and the cooking utensil has lasting non-stickiness.
In a possible embodiment, after the alloy coating on the inner surface of the pot body after cooling is subjected to laser remelting treatment, the method further comprises the following steps:
and sanding and polishing the high-entropy alloy coating on the inner surface of the pot body to control the surface roughness Ra of the high-entropy alloy coating to be 3-5 um.
In the scheme, the high-entropy alloy coating after laser remelting has large surface roughness, so that the use experience of a user is easily reduced, the high-entropy alloy coating is easily collided with a slice in the use process, and the service life of a cooking utensil is reduced.
In one possible embodiment, the material of the substrate includes at least one of stainless steel, aluminum alloy, low carbon steel, iron, titanium alloy, and magnesium alloy.
In the scheme, the application range of the base material is wide, and the production cost can be reduced.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a cooking appliance, where the cooking appliance includes a pot body and a high-entropy alloy coating formed on a surface of the pot body, and the high-entropy alloy coating is made of a high-entropy alloy; wherein the elements in the high-entropy alloy comprise at least four of Mg, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, Hf, Ta, W, Pb, Si and B.
In the scheme, due to the fact that the lattice distortion effect is caused by the difference of the atomic radiuses of different elements of the high-entropy alloy, the disorder degree of the microstructure of the alloy is higher, the non-crystallizing trend is generated, the free energy is obviously reduced by the high entropy of the high-entropy alloy, and therefore the high-entropy alloy has lower surface energy and a non-sticky effect compared with a common material; effectively improve cooking utensil's lasting inadhesion, improve cooking utensil's life.
In a possible embodiment, the molar content of each element in the high-entropy alloy coating is 5-35%. So as to ensure the multi-principal element characteristics of the alloy and improve the disorder degree of the alloy structure.
In one possible embodiment, the thickness of the high entropy alloy coating is between 30um and 150 um.
In the scheme, when the thickness of the non-stick coating is more than 150um, the binding force of the coating is reduced; when the thickness of the non-stick coating is less than 30um, the lasting non-stick property is reduced, the base material is easy to expose in the using process, and the service life of the cooking utensil is reduced.
In a possible embodiment, the high-entropy alloy coating is formed on the inner surface of the pot body by adopting a spraying process and is subjected to laser remelting treatment.
In the scheme, the alloy formed on the inner surface of the pot body can be smelted and alloyed in a high entropy mode through laser remelting treatment, so that the surface energy of the material is reduced, and a durable non-stick effect is achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method for manufacturing a cooking appliance provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the microstructure of a high entropy alloy provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3a is a schematic structural diagram of a cooking appliance provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3b is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cooking appliance provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3c is another schematic cross-sectional view of a cooking appliance provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals:
10-pot body (base material);
11-high entropy alloy coating;
12-non-stick coating.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
In the description of the present specification, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "plurality" means two or more unless specified or indicated otherwise; the terms "connected", "fixed", and the like are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixed or removable, integrally or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate.
The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper" and "lower" used in the description of the embodiments of the present application are used in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. In addition, in this context, it will also be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be directly on "or" under "the other element or be indirectly on" or "under" the other element via an intermediate element.
In one embodiment, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a cooking appliance, as shown in fig. 1, including the following steps:
s10, forming the base material into a pot body with a cooking cavity through stretching;
s20, forming an alloy coating on the inner surface of the pot body by using metal powder through a spraying process;
s30, carrying out laser remelting treatment on the cooled alloy coating on the inner surface of the pot body, so that the alloy coating is converted into a high-entropy alloy coating, and the high-entropy alloy coating has non-stick property.
In the scheme, the alloy coating is alloyed in a high entropy mode through laser remelting treatment, the high entropy alloy has a higher disordering degree of an alloy microstructure due to the lattice distortion effect caused by the difference of atomic radii of different elements, the amorphous tendency is generated, the high entropy of the high entropy alloy obviously reduces free energy, and therefore the high entropy alloy has lower surface energy and a non-stick effect compared with a common material; moreover, microscopic lattice distortion of the composite non-stick coating can also improve the hardness and strength of the material, and further improve the wear resistance of the composite non-stick coating; effectively improve cooking utensil's lasting inadhesion, improve cooking utensil's life.
The following explains this solution in detail:
and S10, forming the base material into a pot body with a cooking cavity through stretching and forming.
In a specific embodiment, the material of the substrate includes at least one of stainless steel, aluminum alloy, low-carbon steel, iron, titanium alloy, and magnesium alloy. The substrate may be a single layer substrate or a composite substrate, e.g., a single layer substrate includes only one substrate; the composite base material is formed by compounding various materials, for example, the base material is formed by compounding a layer of magnesium-aluminum alloy and a layer of stainless steel, and then the pot body is formed by stretching.
Understandably, the metal elements adopted by the material of the pan body are, for example, Fe, Al, Ti, Cr, Mg and the like, and the elements are partially overlapped with the metal elements in the alloy coating, so that the fusion degree of the pan body and the alloy coating can be improved, the binding force of the pan body and the alloy coating is further improved, and the alloy coating is prevented from falling off.
Further, the internal surface of pot body is the rough surface, and the roughness Ra of rough surface is 3um ~ 10 um. The roughness Ra is an arithmetic mean deviation of the profile. The roughness is controlled within the range, the non-stick coating has good compactness and is not easy to fall off, and the roughness is too small or too large, so that the poor binding force of the layers is easy to cause and the layers are easy to fall off.
Optionally, roughness Ra of rough surface can be 3um, 4um, 5um, 6um, 7um, 8um, 9um or 10um to improve the cohesion of alloy coating and pot body. Of course, the roughness Ra of the rough surface may have other values, and the specific value thereof may be selected or set according to actual requirements.
Before spraying, the surface of the base material can be subjected to cleaning treatment, sand blasting treatment and deoiling and degreasing treatment, so that the binding force between the alloy coating and the base material is improved.
S20, forming an alloy coating on the inner surface of the pot body by the metal powder through a spraying process. Optionally, the spray process comprises a thermal spray process or a cold spray process.
The thermal spraying process is a method of heating a spraying material to a molten or semi-molten state by using a heat source, and spraying and depositing the spraying material on the surface of a pretreated base material at a certain speed to form a coating. In particular embodiments, the thermal spray process includes at least one of plasma spraying, high velocity oxygen flame spraying, oxy-acetylene flame spraying, electric arc spraying, and detonation spraying.
The cold spraying process, also called as gas dynamic spraying technology, refers to a method of depositing and forming a coating layer through strong plastic deformation after high-speed solid particles with certain plasticity collide with a base material. Under normal conditions, the general concept is that when the solid particles collide with a substrate, they will have an erosive effect on the substrate. Different from the thermal spraying process, the cold spraying process has the advantages that the spraying material does not need to be melted, the driving force for phase change, oxidation, decomposition and even grain growth is very small, the preparation of the coating is facilitated, the heat influence on the base material is small, the interface thermal stress is relatively low, the interface binding force is improved, and the prepared coating has good compactness.
In this embodiment, a thermal spray process is used to form an alloy coating on the inner surface of the pan body.
Specifically, the particle size of the metal powder sprayed to form the alloy coating is 300-1000 meshes, and understandably, when the particle size of the metal powder is less than 1000 meshes, the spraying waste is large, the film forming speed is slow, and the cost is high; when the particle size of the metal powder is larger than 300 meshes, the surface roughness is large and the appearance is poor.
Optionally, the particle size of the metal powder can be 300 meshes, 400 meshes, 500 meshes, 600 meshes, 700 meshes, 800 meshes or 1000 meshes, preferably, the particle size of the metal powder is 400-600 meshes, the film layer forming speed is high, the film layer roughness is proper, and the appearance is smooth. Of course, the particle size of the metal powder can have other values, and the specific value can be selected or set according to actual requirements.
In one embodiment, the metal powder comprises elemental metal powder including at least four of Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Nb, Mo, Sn, Hf, Ta, W, and Pb. The elemental metal powder is metal powder with a purity of more than 99%, such as iron powder with a purity of more than 99%, copper powder with a purity of more than 99%, and the like.
In another embodiment, the metal powder comprises an alloy powder comprising at least two of MoFe, TiFe, TiV, NiCo, CoCr, and NiCr. The proportional relation of the metal elements in any one alloy powder can be adjusted according to actual needs, and the molar content of each element in the final alloy coating is controlled to be 5-35%.
In another embodiment, the metal powder includes elemental metal powder and alloy powder, the proportional relationship between the two types of metal powder is not limited herein, and may be adjusted according to actual needs, and the molar content of each element in the final alloy coating is controlled to be 5% to 35%.
In a specific embodiment, the spraying process is a plasma spraying process, and the spraying distance is controlled to be 140-160 mm during spraying; the spraying current is 400-450A; the particle size of the metal powder is 300-1000 meshes, and the powder feeding speed of the metal powder is 20-40 g/min; in the spraying process, the required plasma working gas comprises argon and hydrogen, wherein the gas flow of the argon is 40-70L/min, and the gas flow of the hydrogen is 6-10L/min; in the spraying process, a multiple spraying method is adopted, and the thickness of a single spraying layer is 0.05 mm.
By controlling the parameters of the spraying process, a compact alloy coating can be formed on the inner surface of the pot body, and the alloy coating and the base material are stably combined and are not easy to fall off.
In another embodiment, the spraying process is cold spraying, and the working gas is selected from one or more of air, helium and nitrogen. Nozzle caliber: 0.4 mm-0.7 mm. The spraying power is 5kW-15kW, the spraying pressure is 1.5 MPa-3 MPa, the spraying temperature is 100 ℃ to 250 ℃, and the spraying distance is 35 mm-50 mm; the particle size of the metal powder is 300-1000 meshes, and the powder feeding speed of the metal powder is 20-50 g/min.
As the optional technical scheme of this application, the thickness of the alloy coating that the spraying formed is 30um ~ 150 um. The thickness of the alloy coating is more than 150um, so that the subsequent laser remelting treatment is not facilitated, metal elements in the base material cannot be fully alloyed with the alloy coating, component segregation is easy to generate, and the binding force of the coating is reduced; when the thickness of the alloy coating is less than 30um, the base material is easy to concentrate heat and deform during laser remelting treatment, and the service life of the cooking utensil is shortened. Preferably, the thickness of the alloy coating is 80um to 100 um.
S30, carrying out laser remelting treatment on the cooled alloy coating on the inner surface of the pot body, so that the alloy coating is converted into a high-entropy alloy coating, and the high-entropy alloy coating has non-stickiness.
Specifically, when laser remelting treatment is carried out, the laser power is controlled to be 0.5 kw-2 kw; the laser scanning speed is 10 m/min-15 m/min; the diameter of the laser spot is 3 mm-10 mm; the lapping rate is 50% -70%; the processing temperature of the laser remelting treatment is the melting point temperature of the metal with the highest melting point in the alloy coating, and argon is used for blowing gas in the laser processing direction to protect the pot body.
Alternatively, the laser power may specifically be 0.5kw, 0.6kw, 0.8kw, 1.0kw, 1.2kw, 1.4kw, 1.5kw, 1.8kw, or 2kw, and the laser scanning speed may specifically be 10m/min, 11m/min, 12m/min, 13m/min, 14m/min, or 15 m/min. The diameter of the laser spot can be 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm or 10 mm; the overlap ratio may in particular be 50%, 55%, 60%, 65% or 70%.
By controlling each process parameter during laser remelting treatment, the alloy coating and the base material can be fully alloyed, the alloy structure is alloyed in a high entropy mode, and the local disorder degree of the alloy coating is increased. In this embodiment, the processing temperature of laser remelting is controlled to the melting point temperature of the metal with the highest melting point in the alloy coating, so that each element in the alloy coating can reach the melting point, remelting is realized, and the alloy coating is converted into a high-entropy alloy coating.
Specifically, the microstructure of the high-entropy alloy is shown in fig. 2, each element in the high-entropy alloy forms a solid solution phase instead of an ordered phase or an intermetallic compound, the high mixing entropy enhances the intersolubility of the elements, the high entropy of the high-entropy alloy significantly reduces the free energy, reduces the ordering and segregation tendency of the high-entropy alloy in the solidification process of the alloy, and forms a solid solution which is more stable than the intermetallic compound or other ordered phases. Therefore, the high-entropy alloy has the advantages of high strength, high hardness, strong wear resistance, corrosion resistance and the like. The high entropy alloy is non-sticky due to the reduced surface energy of the high entropy alloy.
As an optional technical scheme of the application, the elements in the high-entropy alloy coating comprise at least four of Mg, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, Hf, Ta, W, Pb, Si and B. The high entropy alloy may be, for example, Fe25Mn35Cr10Cu10Ti10、Fe1.8CrNiMn2Al1.2、Al2Cr0.5FeTiNi0.5、FeCrAl1.8CuNi2And so on.
Specifically, the molar content of each element in the high-entropy alloy coating is 5-35%. The molar content of each element is controlled between 5 percent and 35 percent to ensure the multi-principal element characteristics of the alloy and improve the disorder degree of the high-entropy alloy structure.
The molar content of any one of the metal elements may be specifically 5%, 10%, 12%, 15%, 18%, 20%, 25%, 28%, 30% or 35%, and is not limited herein.
Further, after S30, the method further includes:
and sanding and polishing the high-entropy alloy coating on the inner surface of the pot body to control the surface roughness Ra of the high-entropy alloy coating to be 3-5 um.
Understandably, the polishing treatment can make the internal surface of the pot body smoother, and when the spatula is used for cooking food materials, the high-entropy alloy coating is not easy to knock and damage, so that the user experience is improved.
Further, the molar content of any one element of Cr, Al, Cu, Co or Ni in the high-entropy alloy is less than 10%. By controlling the molar content of the elements within 10%, the elements can be prevented from migrating to affect the food safety.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method for preparing a cooking appliance, including the following steps:
s10', forming an alloy coating on the surface of the base material by the metal powder by adopting a spraying process;
s20', carrying out laser remelting treatment on the cooled alloy coating on the surface of the base material, so that the alloy coating is converted into a high-entropy alloy coating, and the high-entropy alloy coating has non-stickiness;
s30', forming the base material provided with the high-entropy alloy coating into a pot body with a cooking cavity through stretching forming.
In the scheme, the alloy coating is subjected to high-entropy alloying through laser remelting treatment, and the high-entropy alloy has a higher disordering degree and generates an amorphization trend due to a lattice distortion effect caused by the difference of atomic radii of different elements, so that the high entropy of the high-entropy alloy obviously reduces free energy, and has lower surface energy and a non-sticky effect compared with a common material; moreover, microscopic lattice distortion of the composite non-stick coating can also improve the hardness and strength of the material, and further improve the wear resistance of the composite non-stick coating; effectively improve cooking utensil's lasting inadhesion, improve cooking utensil's life.
It should be noted that the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the base material is first sprayed to form the alloy coating and then subjected to laser remelting treatment to obtain the high-entropy alloy layer, and then subjected to stretch forming to obtain the pot body.
The other processing method is the same as embodiment 1, and is not described herein again.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a cooking appliance, fig. 3a is a schematic structural diagram of the cooking appliance provided in the embodiment of the present application, and fig. 3b is a schematic cross-sectional diagram of the cooking appliance provided in the embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 3a to 3b, the cooking utensil comprises a pot body 10 and a high-entropy alloy coating 11 formed on the surface of the pot body 10, wherein the high-entropy alloy coating 11 is made of high-entropy alloy; the elements in the high-entropy alloy comprise at least four of Mg, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, Hf, Ta, W, Pb, Si and B.
In the scheme, the lattice distortion effect is caused by the difference of the atomic radii of different elements in the high-entropy alloy, so that the disorder degree of the microstructure of the alloy is higher, the non-crystallizing trend is generated, and the high-entropy alloy has lower surface energy and non-sticky effect compared with a common material. Meanwhile, microscopic lattice distortion of the material can also improve the hardness and strength of the material, and further improve the wear resistance of the pot body.
The high-entropy alloy coating layer in the present embodiment may be prepared and formed according to the preparation method in the first aspect.
Fig. 3c is another schematic cross-sectional view of a cooking appliance according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3c, in order to improve the non-stick effect of the cooking utensil, the surface of the high-entropy alloy coating 11 away from the pan body 10 may further be provided with a non-stick coating 12, and the material of the non-stick coating 12 includes a fluorine-containing non-stick coating or a ceramic non-stick coating.
Specifically, the fluorine-containing non-stick coating comprises at least one of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ammonium Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), copolymer PFA of perfluoropropyl perfluorovinyl ether and polytetrafluoroethylene, polyperfluoroethylpropylene copolymer and ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE), and the ceramic non-stick coating comprises at least one of siloxane non-stick coating, silazane non-stick coating and nano-silica coating.
As can be understood, the non-stick effect of the pan body can be further improved by coating the non-stick coating 12 on the surface of the high-entropy alloy coating 11 with the initial non-stick effect, and the lasting non-stick property of the pan body 10 can be improved under the action of the high-entropy alloy coating 11.
The examples of the present application are further illustrated below in various examples. The present embodiments are not limited to the following specific examples. The present invention can be modified and implemented as appropriate within the scope of the main claim.
Example 1:
(1) stretching and forming the stainless steel plate to form a pot body with a cooking cavity, and sanding the inner surface of the pot body to enable the roughness of the inner surface of the pot body to reach about 5 mu m;
(2) taking metal mixed powder formed by mixing iron powder, NiCr alloy, aluminum powder and copper powder with the average grain diameter of about 500 meshes, and forming an alloy coating with the thickness of 80 microns on the inner surface of the pot body by adopting a plasma spraying process at a powder feeding speed, wherein the specific parameters of the plasma spraying are as follows: the spraying distance is 150 mm; the spraying current is 400A; the powder feeding speed is 25 g/min; the working gas comprises argon and hydrogen, wherein the gas flow of the argon is 50L/min, and the gas flow of the hydrogen is 8L/min.
(3) Carrying out laser remelting treatment on the cooled alloy coating on the inner surface of the pot body, so that the alloy coating is converted into a high-entropy alloy coating, specifically, the treatment temperature is about 1800 ℃ and the laser power is 1.5 kw; the laser scanning speed is 12 m/min; the diameter of the laser spot is 5 mm; the lapping rate is 50 percent
(4) And polishing the inner surface of the cooled pot body to obtain the cooking utensil, wherein the surface of the pot body is provided with a FeCrAl1.8CuNi2 high-entropy alloy layer.
Example 2:
(1) stretching and forming the stainless steel plate to form a pot body with a cooking cavity, and sanding the inner surface of the pot body to enable the roughness of the inner surface of the pot body to reach about 5 mu m;
(2) taking metal mixed powder formed by mixing iron powder, TiV alloy, chromium powder and copper powder with the average grain diameter of about 600 meshes, and forming an alloy coating with the thickness of 80um on the inner surface of the pot body by adopting a plasma spraying process at a powder feeding speed, wherein the specific parameters of the plasma spraying are as follows: the spraying distance is 150 mm; the spraying current is 450A; the powder feeding speed is 15 g/min; the working gas comprises argon and hydrogen, wherein the gas flow of the argon is 50L/min, and the gas flow of the hydrogen is 8L/min.
(3) Carrying out laser remelting treatment on the cooled alloy coating on the inner surface of the pot body, so that the alloy coating is converted into a high-entropy alloy coating, and specifically, the treatment temperature is about 1900 ℃, and the laser power is 2 kw; the laser scanning speed is 10 m/min; the diameter of the laser spot is 7 mm; the lapping rate is 60 percent
(4) And polishing the inner surface of the cooled pot body to obtain the cooking utensil, wherein the surface of the pot body is provided with a FeCrCuTiV high-entropy alloy layer.
Example 3:
(1) taking metal mixed powder formed by mixing iron powder, NiCr alloy, manganese and copper powder with the average grain diameter of about 600 meshes, and forming an alloy coating with the thickness of 80um on the surface of the aluminum alloy base material by adopting a plasma spraying process at a powder feeding speed, wherein the specific parameters of the plasma spraying are as follows: the spraying distance is 160 mm; the spraying current is 420A; the powder feeding speed is 20 g/min; the working gas comprises argon and hydrogen, wherein the gas flow of the argon is 50L/min, and the gas flow of the hydrogen is 8L/min.
(2) Carrying out laser remelting treatment on the cooled alloy coating on the surface of the base material to convert the alloy coating into a high-entropy alloy coating, wherein the treatment temperature is about 1800 ℃ and the laser power is 1.8 kw; the laser scanning speed is 15 m/min; the diameter of the laser spot is 10 mm; the lap ratio was 70%.
(3) And (3) forming an aluminum alloy plate provided with the AlCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy layer into a pot body with a cooking cavity by stretching, and polishing the inner surface of the pot body to obtain the cooking utensil.
Example 4
This example differs from example 1 in that the alloy coating formed by spraying was not subjected to laser remelting.
Comparative example 1:
and (3) spraying a polytetrafluoroethylene coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate, wherein the thickness of the coating is 80 mu m.
Comparative example 2:
and spraying a ceramic non-stick coating on the surface of the stainless steel substrate, wherein the thickness of the coating is 80 mu m.
And (3) testing:
the following procedure was carried out under the same circumstances, a: shock abrasion resistance test → B: dry-burn mixed sauce → C: boiled salt water → D: quartz stone (shovel) → E: and (4) evaluating the non-stick grade of the fried eggs, finishing the 4 testing steps and one non-stick grade evaluation, and marking the end of one cycle.
And when the accelerated simulation test is carried out, judging the non-stick service life after each cycle is finished. The endpoint can be determined by one of the following phenomena:
(1) the non-stick property is reduced:
the non-stick grade of the fried eggs is continuously classified as grade III for two cycles;
(2) the appearance is damaged, and the following conditions a to e are met:
a. the coating has a fluffing phenomenon;
b. the diameter of the coating falling area is more than 3mm2；
c. The abrasion obviously exposes the base material;
d. the coating has puncture type scratches (exposing the base material) of more than 3;
e. the dirt which cannot be washed off by the wet rag is generated;
the number of simulated test cycles at the end of the test was recorded as the non-stick life of the product, with more cycles indicating a longer non-stick life of the coating, and the test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Sample(s) | Initial non-stick rating | Number of accelerated simulation experiment cycles | Phenomenon of end point determination |
| Example 1 | Ⅱ | 18 | Continuous twice egg frying III grade |
| Example 2 | Ⅱ | 22 | Twice continuous egg frying grade III |
| Example 3 | Ⅱ | 25 | Continuous twice egg frying III grade |
| Example 4 | Ⅲ | 3 | Continuous twice egg frying III grade |
| Comparative example 1 | Ⅰ | 5 | Wear is obviously exposed to the base material |
| Comparative example 2 | Ⅰ | 7 | Continuous twice egg frying III grade |
According to the test results of the embodiments 1 to 3 and 4, the alloy coating after the laser remelting treatment has non-stick property, and the non-stick durability is better than that of the fluorine-containing non-stick coating or the ceramic non-stick coating, and the non-stick life is effectively improved. The non-stick property of the product of example 4, which is not subjected to laser remelting treatment, is poor, and the non-stick effect required by design is difficult to achieve.
According to the test results of the comparative examples 1-2 and the examples 1-3, after the alloy coating subjected to the laser remelting treatment is converted into the high-entropy alloy coating, the high-entropy alloy coating has lower surface energy and produces a non-sticky effect, and the high-entropy alloy coating has better wear resistance, so that the non-sticky property is more durable and effective, and the service life of the cooking utensil is prolonged.
Claims (14)
1. A method of preparing a cooking appliance, comprising the steps of:
forming a base material into a pot body with a cooking cavity through stretching;
forming an alloy coating on the inner surface of the pot body by using metal powder through a spraying process;
and carrying out laser remelting treatment on the cooled alloy coating on the inner surface of the pot body, so that the alloy coating is converted into a high-entropy alloy coating, and the high-entropy alloy coating has non-adhesiveness.
2. A method of production according to claim 1, wherein the elements in the high entropy alloy coating include at least four of Mg, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, Hf, Ta, W, Pb, Si and B.
3. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the metal powder includes at least one of the following features a to b:
a. the metal powder comprises metal simple substance powder, and the metal simple substance comprises at least four of Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Nb, Mo, Sn, Hf, Ta, W and Pb;
b. the metal powder includes an alloy powder including at least two of MoFe, TiFe, TiV, NiCo, CoCr, and NiCr.
4. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the molar content of each element in the high-entropy alloy coating is 5 to 35 percent.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the alloy coating layer has a thickness of 30 to 150 μm.
6. The method of manufacturing of claim 1, wherein the spray coating process comprises a thermal spray coating process or a cold spray coating process, wherein the thermal spray coating process comprises at least one of plasma spray coating, high velocity flame spray coating, oxyacetylene flame spray coating, electric arc spray coating, and detonation spray coating.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the spraying process is a plasma spraying process, and the plasma spraying process comprises at least one of the following features a to f:
a. the average grain diameter of the metal powder is 300-1000 meshes;
b. the spraying distance is 140 mm-160 mm
c. The spraying current is 400-450A;
d. the powder feeding speed of the metal powder is 20 g/min-40 g/min;
e. in the spraying process, the required plasma working gas comprises argon and hydrogen, wherein the gas flow of the argon is 40-70L/min, and the gas flow of the hydrogen is 6-10L/min;
f. in the spraying process, a multiple spraying method is adopted, and the thickness of a single spraying layer is 0.05 mm.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the laser remelting treatment comprises at least one of the following features a to f:
a. the laser power is 0.5 kw-2 kw;
b. the scanning speed is 10m/min to 15 m/min;
c. the diameter of the laser spot is 3 mm-10 mm;
d. the lapping rate is 50% -70%;
e. the processing temperature of the laser remelting treatment is the melting point temperature of the metal with the highest melting point in the alloy coating;
f. and blowing argon gas along the laser processing direction to protect the pot body during laser remelting treatment.
9. The method for preparing the alloy steel pot as claimed in claim 1, wherein after the alloy coating on the inner surface of the pot body after cooling is subjected to laser remelting treatment, the method further comprises the following steps:
and sanding and polishing the high-entropy alloy coating on the inner surface of the pot body to control the surface roughness Ra of the high-entropy alloy coating to be 3-5 um.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the base material comprises at least one of stainless steel, aluminum alloy, low-carbon steel, iron, titanium alloy, and magnesium alloy.
11. The cooking appliance is characterized by comprising a pot body (10) and a high-entropy alloy coating (11) formed on the surface of the pot body (10), wherein the high-entropy alloy coating (11) is made of high-entropy alloy; wherein the elements in the high-entropy alloy comprise at least four of Mg, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, Hf, Ta, W, Pb, Si and B.
12. The cooking appliance according to claim 11, wherein the molar content of each element in the high-entropy alloy is 5% to 35%.
13. The cooking appliance according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the thickness of the high entropy alloy coating (11) is between 30um and 150 um.
14. The cooking appliance of claim 11, wherein the high-entropy alloy coating is formed on the inner surface of the pot body by a spray coating process and is subjected to laser remelting.
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| CN115153286A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-10-11 | 九阳股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing cooking container |
| CN115301944A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-11-08 | 爱仕达股份有限公司 | Titanium-silicon powder composition for preparing non-coating and non-sticking cooker and preparation method of non-coating and non-sticking cooker |
| CN117070934A (en) * | 2023-08-22 | 2023-11-17 | 安徽工业大学 | High-entropy alloy coating with wide hardness gradient and preparation method thereof |
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