CN114645211B - Ultralow-yield-ratio steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ultralow-yield-ratio steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/004—Very low carbon steels, i.e. having a carbon content of less than 0,01%
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention relates to an ultralow yield ratio steel and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of metallurgy. Comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c is less than or equal to 0.010 percent, si: 0.10-0.15%, mn is less than or equal to 0.20%, P is less than or equal to 0.010%, S is less than or equal to 0.010%, als: 0.010-0.030 percent, and the balance of Fe and impurities. The invention adopts ultra-low carbon and micro manganese components, and the medium and heavy plate is produced by a hot rolling process, so that the strength of the steel plate is controlled to be improved, the fluctuation range of the steel strength is reduced, and the steel plate is ensured to have excellent plasticity and ultra-low yield ratio. The preparation method adopts the design of ultralow cost and micro-manganese components, the low-temperature tapping is matched with the hot rolling process, the uniformity and the size of crystal grains are fully controlled, and the prepared steel plate has excellent plasticity and obvious yield platform and processing performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to ultralow yield ratio steel and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Along with the development of industrialization and urbanization, large-scale and large-span buildings and high-rise/super high-rise buildings rise, the building structure rapidly develops to higher, attractive and fashionable and unique appearance, improves the requirements on the safety and the long service life of the buildings such as fire resistance, earthquake resistance and the like, and puts individual requirements on the performance of steel such as high plasticity, earthquake resistance, energy absorption, noise elimination and the like.
Chinese patent CN112048674A discloses low yield ratio phosphorus-containing high-strength interstitial-free steel and a preparation method thereof, wherein the low yield ratio phosphorus-containing high-strength interstitial-free steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.001 to 0.005 percent of C, 0.01 to 0.10 percent of Si, 0.2 to 0.8 percent of Mn, 0.04 to 0.15 percent of P, 0.01 to 0.05 percent of Al, 0.02 to 0.06 percent of Nb, 0.02 to 0.07 percent of Ti, 0.005 to 0.02 percent of V, 0.0003 to 0.0012 percent of B, less than or equal to 0.01 percent of limiting element S, less than or equal to 0.005 percent of N and the balance of Fe. It is produced by adopting Nb, V, ti and B microalloying component system process, and is a cold rolling annealing product. The disadvantages of the above patents are: the microalloy content is high, and the production cost is high; (2) The atomic steel is prepared by cold rolling and annealing, the product is mainly applied to electrical equipment and automobile inner plates, the thickness of the product is less than or equal to 2mm, and the product cannot be applied to bridge buildings; (3) The atomic steel is a cold-rolled and annealed product and undergoes the working procedures of smelting, hot rolling, cold rolling, annealing and the like, so that the production working procedures are more, and the production period is long; (4) The yield ratio of the prepared atomic steel is generally 0.47-0.50, and the yield ratio is high, so that the requirements of ultralow yield ratio for seismic resistance and noise elimination in the field of bridge buildings cannot be met.
The bridge building manufacturing field has high requirements on safety, reliability and long service life, international standards make clear regulations on the yield ratio of the bridge building steel, but the product yield ratio is generally over 0.70, and key structural members of the bridge building are deficient in steel with low strength and low yield ratio.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the lack of high-plasticity ultralow yield ratio steel plates for resisting earthquake, resisting fatigue, absorbing energy and eliminating noise in the fields of the existing bridge construction and the like, the steel plates are preparedThe invention provides an ultralow yield ratio steel and a preparation method thereof, the prepared steel plate meets the requirements of low strength, high plasticity, shock resistance, fatigue resistance, energy absorption, noise elimination and the like, has high plasticity and ultralow yield ratio, the yield strength of the prepared steel plate is stabilized at 85-95 MPa, an obvious yield platform is provided, the tensile strength is stably controlled at 240-270 MPa, and the elongation A after fracture is 50 The yield ratio is not less than 0.40,0 ℃ and KV2 is not less than 50J.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the ultralow-yield-ratio steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.010 percent of C, 0.10 to 0.15 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of S, 0.010 to 0.030 percent of Als, and the balance of Fe and impurities.
The chemical composition is one of the important factors influencing the comprehensive performance of the product, and limits the chemical composition of the invention, and is explained as follows.
C: the main solid solution strengthening elements in the steel can obviously improve the strength of the steel plate and are unfavorable for the welding, the toughness and the plasticity of the steel plate. In order to avoid high strength and poor plasticity of the prepared steel, the content of C in percentage by mass is less than or equal to 0.010 percent.
Si: silicon is one of effective deoxidizing and heat releasing elements in the steel making process, has certain solid solution strengthening effect, and simultaneously, the surface quality, the welding performance and the low-temperature toughness of steel can be reduced due to the overhigh content of silicon, and the content of silicon is controlled to be 0.10-0.15 percent.
Mn: manganese has a strong solid solution strengthening effect, can obviously reduce the phase transition temperature of steel, refines the microstructure of the steel, and reduces the plasticity of a steel plate in order to avoid casting blank segregation caused by high strength of prepared steel and avoid the formation of a banded structure; the manganese content of the invention is controlled to be 0.10-0.40%.
Al: the aluminum is one of effective deoxidizing elements in the steelmaking process, can effectively reduce the content of inclusions in steel and refine grains, but the content is too high, so that cracks are easily generated on the surface of a casting blank, the grains are refined, the strength of the steel is greatly increased, and the content of the aluminum is controlled to be 0.01-0.03%.
A preparation method of the steel with the ultralow yield ratio comprises the following steps: (1) smelting; (2) heating a continuous casting billet; (3) slowly cooling the casting blank; and (4) heating and rolling.
The thickness of the rolled steel plate is 8-40 mm.
Preferably, the step (1) is: molten iron pretreatment, converter, LF and continuous casting.
Preferably, the step (1) is: smelting in a converter, top-bottom combined blowing, and fully decarbonizing and dephosphorizing; and (3) reducing the content of harmful elements/impurities by LF refining, wherein the LF treatment time is not less than 30min, and the sedation time after treatment is not less than 35min.
Preferably, the step (2) is: the temperature of the continuous casting billet at the soaking section of the heating furnace is 1150-1170 ℃, and the soaking time is more than or equal to 45min.
Preferably, the step (2) is: the heating adopts a three-stage heating process, wherein in the first stage: setting the temperature of a preheating section to be 800-850 ℃; and a second stage: the method comprises the following steps of dividing the heating section 2-1 into a heating section 2-2, setting the temperature of the heating section 2-1 to be 1050-1180 ℃, and setting the temperature of the heating section 2-2 to be 1140-1180 ℃; a third stage: setting the temperature of furnace gas in a soaking section to 1160-1180 ℃; the temperature of the cast blank is 1150-1170 ℃.
Preferably, the step (4) is: the rolling adopts two-stage rolling, and the reduction rate of the rough rolling pass is less than 15 percent; the surface temperature of the fine rolling initial rolling intermediate billet is 840-870 ℃.
Preferably, the step (4) is: two-stage rolling is adopted, the surface temperature of the rough rolling and final rolling casting blank is 1020 +/-20 ℃, and the pass reduction rate is less than 15%; the surface temperature of the finish rolling initial rolling intermediate billet is 850-860 ℃.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention adopts the ultra-low carbon and micro-manganese components, and the medium plate is produced by a hot rolling process, thereby controlling the strength of the steel plate to be improved, reducing the fluctuation range of the steel strength and ensuring that the steel plate has excellent plasticity and ultra-low yield ratio. The preparation method adopts the design of ultra-low cost and micro-manganese components, the low-temperature tapping is matched with a hot rolling process, the uniformity and the size of crystal grains are fully controlled, and the prepared steel plate has excellent plasticity and obvious yield platform and processing performance.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The chemical components of the ultralow yield ratio steel in the embodiment are as follows: c:0.0050%, si:0.13%, mn:0.13%, P:0.0080%, S:0.003%, als:0.022 percent and the balance of Fe and impurities. The thickness of the steel finished product is 8mm.
In the preparation method of the steel in the embodiment, the raw materials are smelted and refined to obtain molten steel, and finally the molten steel is continuously cast into a casting blank. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) The smelting converter adopts top-bottom combined blowing, fully decarbonizes and dephosphorizes, the carbon content at the end point is 0.001 percent, and the phosphorus content is 0.005 percent; microalloying is carried out on LF, the end point carbon is 0.002%, the phosphorus content is 0.006%, the microalloy content is added to a target value, and the sedation time is 35min after LF treatment.
2) Ultra-low carbon covering slag is adopted, and the whole process is protected and poured.
3) Slow cooling: and after the cutting of the casting blank is finished, the casting blank is placed into a slow cooling pit, the slow cooling temperature of the casting blank is 550 ℃, and the slow cooling time is 80 hours.
4) Heating: the heating adopts a three-stage heating process, wherein in the first stage: setting the temperature of a preheating section to be 840 ℃; and a second stage: dividing into heating 2-1 section and heating 2-2 section, setting the temperature of heating 2-1 section at 1100 deg.C, and setting the temperature of heating 2-2 section at 1180 deg.C; a third stage: setting the furnace gas temperature of the soaking section to 1170 ℃, and soaking for 48min; the temperature of the cast blank is 1160 ℃.
5) Rolling: and discharging the casting blank from the furnace, descaling by a descaling machine, then rolling, wherein the maximum reduction rate of a rough rolling pass is 14.1 percent, the surface temperature of a finish rolling initial rolling steel plate is 860 ℃, and cooling in air after rolling.
Example 2
The chemical components of the ultralow yield ratio steel in the embodiment are as follows: c:0.0060%, si:0.12%, mn:0.18%, P:0.0080%, S:0.003%, als:0.018%, and the balance of Fe and impurities. The thickness of the high-plasticity ultralow-yield-ratio steel finished product is 40mm.
In the preparation method of the steel in the embodiment, the raw materials are smelted and refined to obtain molten steel, and finally the molten steel is continuously cast into a casting blank. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) The smelting converter adopts top-bottom combined blowing, and fully decarbonizes and dephosphorizes, the end point carbon content is 0.0012 percent, and the phosphorus content is 0.004 percent; microalloying is carried out on LF, the end point carbon is 0.002%, the phosphorus content is 0.005%, the microalloying content is added to a target value, and the sedation time is 42min after LF treatment.
2) And (3) adopting ultra-low carbon covering slag, and performing protective pouring in the whole process.
3) Slow cooling: and after the casting blank is cut, putting the casting blank into a slow cooling pit, and slowly cooling the casting blank at the temperature of 550 ℃ for 80 hours.
4) Heating: the heating adopts a three-stage heating process, wherein in the first stage: setting the temperature of a preheating section to be 840 ℃; and a second stage: dividing into a heating 2-1 section and a heating 2-2 section, setting the temperature of the heating 2-1 section at 1100 ℃, and setting the temperature of the heating 2-2 section at 1180 ℃; a third stage: setting the furnace gas temperature of the soaking section to 1170 ℃, and soaking for 46min; the tapping casting blank temperature is 1165 ℃.
5) Rolling: and discharging the casting blank from the furnace, descaling by a descaling machine, then rolling, wherein the maximum reduction rate of the rough rolling pass is 13.4 percent respectively, the surface temperature of the finish rolling initial rolling steel plate is 860 ℃, and air cooling is carried out after rolling is finished.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 provides a low yield ratio steel, which was prepared by the same process as in example 1 and whose chemical composition is shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 provides a low yield ratio steel whose chemical composition is shown in table 1, the reduction rate of rough rolling in three passes is more than 15%, and other preparation processes are the same as those of example 2.
TABLE 1 chemical composition
| Examples of the invention | C％ | Si％ | Mn％ | P％ | S％ | Als％ |
| Example 1 | 0.0050 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.0080 | 0.003 | 0.022 |
| Example 2 | 0.0060 | 0.12 | 0.18 | 0.0080 | 0.003 | 0.018 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.0400 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.0090 | 0.004 | 0.022 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.0060 | 0.12 | 0.18 | 0.0050 | 0.003 | 0.021 |
Test example
The steel prepared in example 1 and example 2 and the steel prepared in comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 were subjected to performance tests, and the specific results are shown in the following tables 2 and 3:
TABLE 2 tensile Property test results
TABLE 3 Low temperature toughness test results
From the detection results, the low-yield-strength and narrow-strength fluctuation steel plate with yield strength Rel of 85-95 MPa, tensile strength Rm of 240-270 MPa, elongation A50 after fracture of more than or equal to 60 percent and yield ratio of less than or equal to 0.40 can be prepared according to the methods of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2. The comparative example 1 improves the carbon content, obviously improves the strength of the steel plate, and has the yield strength of 130MPa, the tensile strength of 255MPa and the yield ratio of 0.51; the rough rolling pass reduction rate of the comparative example 2 is increased, the grain refining effect is obvious, the yield strength reaches 125MPa, the tensile strength reaches 255MPa, and the yield ratio reaches 0.49.
Although the present invention has been described in detail by way of preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various equivalent modifications or substitutions can be made on the embodiments of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention/any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The steel with the ultralow yield ratio is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.010 percent of C, 0.10 to 0.15 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of S, 0.010 to 0.030 percent of Als, and the balance of Fe and impurities;
the preparation method of the ultralow-yield-ratio steel comprises the following steps of: (1) smelting; (2) heating a continuous casting billet; (3) slowly cooling the casting blank; (4) heating and rolling; the thickness of the rolled steel plate is 8-40 mm;
the yield strength is stabilized at 85-95 MPa, the tensile strength is stably controlled at 240-270 MPa, and the elongation percentage A after fracture is 50 The yield ratio is not less than 0.40,0 ℃ and KV2 is not less than 50J.
2. The ultra low yield ratio steel of claim 1, wherein the step (1) is: molten iron pretreatment, converter, LF and continuous casting.
3. The ultra low yield ratio steel of claim 2, wherein the step (1) is: smelting in a converter, top-bottom combined blowing, and fully decarbonizing and dephosphorizing; and (3) reducing the content of harmful elements/impurities by LF refining, wherein the LF treatment time is not less than 30min, and the sedation time after treatment is not less than 35min.
4. The ultralow yield ratio steel according to claim 1, wherein said step (2) is: the temperature of the continuous casting billet in the soaking section of the heating furnace is 1150-1170 ℃, and the soaking time is more than or equal to 45min.
5. The ultra low yield ratio steel of claim 1, wherein the step (2) is: the heating adopts a three-stage heating process, wherein in the first stage: setting the temperature of the preheating section at 800-850 ℃; and a second stage: the method comprises a heating 2-1 section and a heating 2-2 section, wherein the temperature of the heating 2-1 section is set to be 1050-1180 ℃, and the temperature of the heating 2-2 section is set to be 1140-1180 ℃; a third stage: setting the temperature of furnace gas in a soaking section to 1160-1180 ℃; the temperature of the cast blank is 1150-1170 ℃.
6. The ultra low yield ratio steel of claim 1, wherein the step (4) is: the rolling adopts two-stage rolling, and the reduction rate of the rough rolling pass is less than 15 percent; the surface temperature of the fine rolling initial rolling intermediate billet is 840-870 ℃.
7. The ultra low yield ratio steel of claim 1, wherein the step (4) is: two-stage rolling is adopted, the surface temperature of the rough rolling and final rolling casting blank is 1020 +/-20 ℃, and the pass reduction rate is less than 15%; the surface temperature of the finish rolling initial rolling intermediate billet is 850-860 ℃.
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