CN114645175A - Light material, preparation method thereof and living appliance - Google Patents

Light material, preparation method thereof and living appliance Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114645175A
CN114645175A CN202011516554.9A CN202011516554A CN114645175A CN 114645175 A CN114645175 A CN 114645175A CN 202011516554 A CN202011516554 A CN 202011516554A CN 114645175 A CN114645175 A CN 114645175A
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light material
lightweight material
light
lightweight
elements
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袁华庭
李超
瞿义生
张明
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Wuhan Supor Cookware Co Ltd
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Wuhan Supor Cookware Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202011516554.9A priority Critical patent/CN114645175A/en
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of living appliances, in particular to a light material, a preparation method thereof and a living appliance. The light material comprises at least four of Mg, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, Hf, Ta, W, Pb, Si and B; wherein the total atomic percentage of the elements with atomic numbers less than that of Fe is 40-70%. The method and the device can effectively reduce the weight of the product, and can not only ensure the performance of the product but also improve the use experience of a user.

Description

Light material, preparation method thereof and living appliance
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of living appliances, in particular to a light material, a preparation method thereof and a living appliance.
Background
At present, various living appliances such as pots, cups, cutters and the like are widely used in daily life of people, and convenience is provided for the daily life of people. The existing living appliances are various in types, differentiation is mainly embodied in the aspect of materials, for example, existing cookware, cutters, certain cups and the like are usually made of aluminum alloy, iron and stainless steel materials, appliances made of the existing materials are widely applied due to the characteristics of mature technology, easiness in processing and the like, but also have many defects, such as heavier weight and influence on use experience.
The existing aluminum alloy is used as a material for making living appliances, and the aluminum alloy material is soft and low in strength, so that the strength needs to be improved by increasing the thickness, and the weight is increased. The household appliance made of the existing iron or stainless steel material has higher density, and can also have heavier weight on the premise of not influencing the strength and the processing performance, thereby influencing the experience and the feeling of a user. For example, when the pan body of a frying pan is heavy, the end holding is affected; under the condition that the cutter is heavy, the vegetable cutting efficiency and the wrist comfort degree can be influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a light material, a preparation method thereof and a living appliance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a lightweight material whose constituent elements include at least four of Mg, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, Hf, Ta, W, Pb, Si, and B;
wherein the total atomic percentage of the elements with atomic numbers less than that of Fe is 40-70%.
The light material has a high entropy effect on thermodynamics, a lattice distortion effect on a structure, a delayed diffusion effect on kinetics and a cocktail effect on performance, so that the light material has high strength and hardness and has the performances of plastic deformation resistance and the like; further, the density of the material can be reduced by increasing the atomic ratio of the element having an atomic number smaller than that of Fe. Therefore, compared with the existing aluminum or aluminum alloy materials, the light material provided by the application has higher strength, hardness and plastic deformation resistance, does not need to increase the strength by increasing the thickness, can meet the use requirement under the condition of thinner thickness, and can reduce the weight of the prepared product. Simultaneously, compare in current iron, stainless steel material, the light material's that this application provided density is lower, can enough alleviate the weight of product, can guarantee the performance of product again to help improving user's use and experience.
Thereby use the light material that this application provided in fields such as pan, cup utensil, cutter at the articles for daily use, can alleviate the problem that assurance performance and reduction in weight that these current pan, cup utensil, cutter exist can not compromise.
In one possible implementation mode, the density of the light material is 2.0-5.4 g/cm3. The density of the light material in the range is remarkably lower than that of the conventional iron and stainless steel materials (about 7.8 g/cm)3) The density of the material can effectively reduce the weight of the product, and the material has high strength and is not easy to deform.
In one possible implementation, the Brinell hardness of the lightweight material is 100HB to 180 HB. The hardness of the light material in the range is obviously higher than that of the conventional 3-series aluminum alloy and other materials (about 40-80 HB), so that the prepared product has certain strength in a thin state and can be prevented from deformation.
In one possible implementation, the atomic percentage of each constituent element in the lightweight material is each independently 5% to 35%. Within this range, the multi-principal characteristics of the lightweight material can be ensured.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of producing a lightweight material whose constituent elements include at least four of Mg, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, Hf, Ta, W, Pb, Si, and B; wherein, the total atomic percentage of the elements with atomic numbers less than that of Fe is 40-70%;
the preparation method comprises at least one of vacuum arc melting, vacuum induction melting and powder metallurgy.
The light material is prepared by at least one of vacuum arc melting, vacuum induction melting and powder metallurgy, and the method is simple to operate, easy to implement and easy to realize large-scale production. Meanwhile, the light material is the light material, and has the characteristics of low density, high strength and hardness, difficult deformation and the like.
In a possible implementation manner, the preparation of the light material by vacuum arc melting specifically comprises:
according to the atomic percentage of each element in the light material, putting the weighed raw materials of each element into a crucible, vacuumizing, filling argon, consuming oxygen by using pure titanium for a vacuum arc melting furnace, repeatedly melting and cooling to obtain the light material.
In one possible implementation, the operating conditions of the vacuum arc melting satisfy at least one of the following characteristics:
vacuumizing to 5X 10 degree of vacuum in the furnace-3Pa～6×10-3Pa, filling argon again;
the arc striking current is 60A-70A;
repeatedly smelting for at least 5-8 times, wherein the time of each smelting is more than or equal to 10 min;
the smelting current is 200A-300A during smelting.
In one possible implementation mode, the density of the light material is 2.0-5.4 g/cm3(ii) a And/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the Brinell hardness of the light material is 100 HB-180 HB; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
in the light material, the atomic percentage of each constituent element is 5-35% independently.
According to a third aspect of the present invention there is provided a domestic appliance comprising a lightweight material as described above, or obtainable according to a method of manufacture as described above.
In one possible implementation, the living utensil comprises a pot, a cup or a knife.
The article of daily living equipment provided by the invention comprises the lightweight material, so that at least all the characteristics and advantages of the lightweight material are achieved, and the details are not repeated.
Drawings
FIG. 1(a) is a schematic representation of an FCC solid solution phase lattice of a light material provided in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 1(b) is a schematic representation of the BCC solid solution phase lattice of a lightweight material provided in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 1(c) is a schematic HCP solid solution phase lattice diagram of a lightweight material provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a living appliance provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a lifestyle appliance according to another exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a living appliance according to another exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals:
10-a pot;
20-cutting tools;
30-cup.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort based on the technical solutions and the given embodiments provided in the present application belong to the protection scope of the present application. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer.
The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to encompass values close to those ranges or values. For numerical ranges, one or more new numerical ranges may be obtained by combining the individual values, or by combining the individual values.
It should be noted that the term "and/or"/"used herein is only one kind of association relationship describing associated objects, and means that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. As used herein, a list of items linked by the term "at least one of," "at least one of," or other similar term can mean any combination of the listed items. For example, if item A, B is listed, the phrase "at least one of A, B" means only a; only B; or A and B.
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art and meet the requirements of the existing market, the embodiment of the invention provides a light material which has low density, high strength and difficult deformation, a preparation method thereof and a living appliance, and the light material can reduce the weight of the appliance on the premise of not influencing the strength or the processing performance and the like, thereby not only ensuring the service performance of the product, but also improving the use experience of consumers.
In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 1(a), 1(B), 1(c), there is provided a lightweight material whose constituent elements include at least four of Mg (magnesium), Al (aluminum), Ti (titanium), V (vanadium), Cr (chromium), Mn (manganese), Fe (iron), Co (cobalt), Ni (nickel), Cu (copper), Zn (zinc), Zr (zirconium), Nb (niobium), Mo (molybdenum), Sn (tin), Hf (hafnium), Ta (tantalum), W (tungsten), Pb (lead), Si (silicon), and B (boron);
wherein the total atomic percentage of the elements with atomic numbers less than that of Fe is 40-70%.
The light material that this application embodiment provided is suitable for and uses in the field such as pan, cup utensil, cutter, helps alleviating the problem that assurance performance and reduction in weight can not compromise that these current pan, cup utensil, cutter exist.
Among the constituent elements of the above-mentioned lightweight material, Fe (iron) has an atomic number of 26, and elements smaller than the atomic number of Fe include Mg, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Si and B, which may be referred to as lightweight elements. The light material comprises four or more of Mg, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, Hf, Ta, W, Pb, Si and B, and at least one of the light elements is required to be contained, and the total atomic proportion of the light elements in the light material is 40-70%.
On one hand, the light material belongs to a multi-principal element alloy material, which at least comprises 4 or more than 4 different metal elements, wherein the atomic ratio of each element is close to 1: 1, hence also called multi-principal element alloys or high entropy alloys. The multi-principal element alloy has at least the following characteristics: (1) the high entropy effect and the high mixed entropy under the high temperature condition can effectively reduce the Gibbs free energy of the alloy, stably form simple multi-element solid solution phase, and obviously improve the strength and the hardness of the alloy through the solid solution strengthening effect. (2) The lattice distortion effect is that the atomic radii of all the constituent elements of the high-entropy alloy are different, so that the lattice is distorted, the macroscopic performance of the alloy is further influenced, and the lattice collapses to form an amorphous structure because the crystal lattice configuration cannot be maintained. The lattice distortion can increase the dislocation motion resistance, thereby obviously increasing the hardness and the strength of the alloy. (3) The delayed diffusion effect, lattice distortion caused by the size difference of atoms of different elements in the high-entropy alloy, the interaction among different atoms seriously influence the diffusion rate of the atoms, and the phase separation balance can be achieved only by means of the synergistic diffusion of the elements during solidification. The limited diffusion rate inhibits nucleation and grain growth of new phases, and some high-entropy alloys have nanocrystalline precipitation, so that the larger the number of grains in a certain volume of crystals, the more grain boundaries, the finer the grains, and the more grains in different orientations, so that the resistance to plastic deformation is higher. (4) The properties of the high-entropy alloy are not only simple superposition or average of the properties of all elements, but also the interaction of different elements, and finally the high-entropy alloy presents a composite effect.
Therefore, by utilizing the thermodynamic high entropy effect, the structural lattice distortion effect, the kinetic delayed diffusion effect and the performance cocktail effect, the light material has higher strength and hardness, and has the capacity of resisting plastic deformation and other performances. Moreover, the light material containing the four or more elements is more favorable for exerting the performances of high strength, high hardness, difficult deformation and the like of the light material.
On the other hand, the total atomic proportion of the light elements in the light material is 40-70%, the proportion of the light elements is higher, so that the density of the formed light material is lower by improving the proportion of the light elements, particularly the density of the formed light material is far lower than that of the existing iron and stainless steel, the light material is high in strength and hardness and not easy to deform, and the service performance of the product can be ensured.
Based on this, the lightweight material provided by the embodiment of the application has higher strength, hardness and plastic deformation resistance compared with the existing aluminum or aluminum alloy material, does not need to increase the strength by increasing the thickness, can meet the use requirement under the condition of thinner thickness, and thus can reduce the weight of the prepared product. Meanwhile, compared with the existing iron and stainless steel materials, the light material provided by the embodiment of the application has lower density, can reduce the weight of a product, and can ensure the use performance of the product, thereby being beneficial to improving the use experience of a user.
Herein, unless otherwise specified, the content of each constituent element in the lightweight material in terms of atomic fraction or atomic percentage may be expressed as 40% to 70%, or 40 at.% to 70 at.%, or 40 atomic% to 70 atomic%, for example.
In the light material, the element with the atomic number smaller than that of the Fe, that is, the total atomic percentage of the light element is 40 to 70 percent, further 45 to 65 percent and further 50 to 60 percent. Typically, but not by way of limitation, the total atomic percent of the light elements may be, for example, 40%, 42%, 45%, 48%, 50%, 52%, 55%, 58%, 60%, 62%, 65%, 68%, 70%, and any value in the range of any two of these points. The atomic ratio of the light element in the light material may be adjusted within the above range, and the specific numerical values in the embodiments of the present application are not limited.
By adjusting and optimizing the atomic ratio of the light elements contained in the light material within the range, the prepared light material not only has high strength, high hardness and plastic deformation resistance, but also has low density, and can meet the use requirements of living appliances such as pots, cups and the like.
In the above-mentioned light material, the element having an atomic number smaller than that of Fe, that is, the light element includes Mg, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Si, and B, and the light material includes at least one of these light elements. For example, the constituent elements of the lightweight material include Mg, or include Al, or include Ti, or include V, or include Cr, or include Mn, or include Si, or include B, or include Mg and Al, or include Al and Ti, or include Mg and Cr, or include Al, Ti and Cr, or include Mg, Al and Ti, or include Al, V and Cr, and the like, which are not listed herein. Preferably, the lightweight material comprises two or three or more of these lightweight elements, which helps to ensure the performance of the multi-principal element alloy and also reduces the density of the material.
In addition, the light material may include Fe and an element having an atomic number greater than that of Fe, in addition to the light element, so that the light material is composed of four or more different metal elements. The light material can be an alloy material of a quaternary system, a quinary system, a hexahydric system or a more-component system. For example, the light material may include Mg, Al, Co and Ti, may include Mg, Al, Ti, Fe and Ni, may include Mg, Al, Fe, Co and Ni, may include Al, Ti, V, Cr, Zn and Fe, may include Al, Ti, Cr, Fe, Ni and Cu, etc., and may include four or more elements selected from the above-listed elements, which are not listed again.
In order to ensure the multi-principal-element characteristics of the lightweight material, the atomic percentage of each constituent element in the lightweight material needs to be within a suitable range. Specifically, in some embodiments, the atomic percentage of each constituent element in the lightweight material is each independently 5% to 35%; and the total atomic percentage of the elements with the atomic number smaller than that of Fe, namely the light elements, is 40 to 70 percent. An exemplary light material is an AlCrFeCoNi system, which comprises the following components: al: 5-35 at.%, Cr: 5-35 at.%, Fe: 5-35 at.%, Co: 5-35 at.%, Ni: 5-35 at.%, and the sum of atomic percentages of Al and Cr is in the range of 40-70 at.%. It is understood that the atomic percentages of the constituent elements of the lightweight materials of the other systems also satisfy the above conditions and are not listed here.
In some embodiments, the lightweight material has a density of 2.0-5.4 g/cm3. The density of the light material in the range is remarkably lower than that of the conventional iron and stainless steel materials (about 7.8 g/cm)3) The density of the material can effectively reduce the weight of the product, and the material has high strength and is not easy to deform.
In some embodiments, the lightweight material has a Brinell hardness of 100HB to 180 HB. The hardness of the light material in the range is obviously higher than that of the conventional 3-series aluminum alloy and other materials (about 40-80 HB), so that the prepared product has certain strength in a thin state and can be prevented from being deformed.
Illustratively, the light material may be an AlCrFeCoNi system, an AlCrFeTiNi system, an alcrfenicu system, an alcrfemagb system, an AlFeSiMnCu system, or the like. Typically, but not by way of limitation, the lightweight material may be FeCr0.6Al2Cu0.8Ni0.5、FeCr0.6AlCuTi2、Al2CrFeMgB2、Al3FeSi2Mn0.7Cu, and the like. Wherein the density of each light material is 2.0-5.4 g/cm3In the range, e.g. Al2CrFeMgB2Has a density of about 2.67g/cm3。
It should be understood that in other embodiments, the light-weight material may also be an alloy material containing at least four constituent elements as described above and having different composition ratios, which are not listed here.
In some embodiments, there is also provided a method of making a lightweight material whose constituent elements include at least four of Mg, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, Hf, Ta, W, Pb, Si, and B; wherein, the total atomic percentage of the elements with atomic numbers less than that of Fe is 40-70%;
the preparation method comprises at least one of vacuum arc melting, vacuum induction melting and powder metallurgy.
The preparation method of the light material can adopt the existing conventional preparation method for high-entropy alloy, for example, the light material can be obtained by preparing multi-principal-element alloy from a plurality of metal elements (4 or more) by means of vacuum melting method or powder metallurgy method, mechanical alloying method, laser cladding, electrochemical deposition and the like.
According to the embodiment of the application, the light material is prepared by at least one method of vacuum arc melting, vacuum induction melting and powder metallurgy, and the method is simple to operate, easy to implement and easy to realize large-scale production. Meanwhile, the light material is the light material, and has the characteristics of low density, high strength and hardness, difficult deformation and the like.
It should be understood that in the method for preparing the lightweight material, the specific composition and proportion of the lightweight material and the obtained beneficial effects can refer to the description of the lightweight material, and are not repeated herein.
In some embodiments, the lightweight material has a density of 2.0-5.4 g/cm3(ii) a And/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the Brinell hardness of the light material is 100 HB-180 HB; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
in the light material, the atomic percentage of each constituent element is 5-35% independently.
In some embodiments, the light material is prepared by vacuum arc melting, specifically comprising:
according to the atomic percentage of each element in the light material, accurately weighing the metal elementary substance raw materials such as magnesium, aluminum, titanium and the like with corresponding atomic percentage content, then putting the weighed raw materials of each element into a crucible, vacuumizing, then introducing argon, consuming oxygen by using pure titanium to a vacuum arc melting furnace, repeatedly melting, and cooling to obtain the light material.
The elemental metal material may be, for example, a bulk material or a particulate material.
In some embodiments, the operating conditions of the vacuum arc melting satisfy at least one of the following characteristics:
vacuumizing to 5X 10 degree of vacuum in the furnace-3Pa～6×10-3Pa (or 5X 10)-3Pa～6×10-2Pa), and then filling argon;
wherein, the purity of the introduced argon is higher, and the purity of the argon is at least 99.999 percent.
The arc starting current was 60A × 70A.
Repeatedly smelting for at least 5-8 times, wherein the time of each smelting is more than or equal to 10 min;
the smelting current is 200A-300A during smelting.
Specifically, in some embodiments, the light material is prepared by a vacuum arc melting method, which specifically includes the following steps:
mixing alloy raw materials into a crucible by adopting a vacuum arc furnace, and vacuumizing to 6 multiplied by 10 by using a mechanical pump-2Pa, then pumped to high vacuum of 5X 10 with a diffusion pump-3Pa, then flushing high-purity argon into the hearth to 1.013 multiplied by 105Pa, starting smelting, the arc striking current is 60-70A, firstly smelting on a crucible filled with pure titanium, removing oxygen in a hearth, then smelting the alloy raw material by using a welding gun, the smelting current is 200-300A, turning over the alloy by using a manipulator once the smelting is finished, repeatedly smelting for 5-8 times to ensure that the alloy components are uniform, transferring the alloy to an absorption casting copper crucible after the smelting is finished, cooling for 15min to obtain a block material, and then forming a light material which needs to form a structure by mechanical rolling and other modes, such as forming a flaky light materialFor use.
Within the range of the operating conditions, the method has the advantages of high reliability, high production efficiency, low energy consumption, low cost and easy batch production. The prepared material has high strength, hardness and deformation resistance, the density is low, and the finally obtained life appliance product has good performance and user experience.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, in some embodiments, there is also provided a living appliance including the lightweight material as described above, or the lightweight material obtained according to the manufacturing method as described above.
Specifically, in some embodiments, the living goods include, but are not limited to, various pots 10, cups 30, or knives 20, etc.
The embodiment of the application does not limit the specific structure or type of the cookware, the cup or the cutter and the like, and can be various common structure types, such as a non-stick pan, a frying pan, a flat pan, a pressure cooker, an electric pressure cooker, an air frying pan and the like.
It will be appreciated that the living space provided by the present application comprises a lightweight material as described above, having all the features and advantages of the lightweight material as described above, and will not be described in further detail herein.
In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific examples and comparative examples. In the following specific examples and comparative examples, materials used are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A pot is made of light materials.
Wherein the light material is Al2CrFeMgB2。
Examples 2 to 5
Examples 2 to 5 differ from example 1 mainly in the type of lightweight material.
Example 2 where the light material is FeCr0.6Al2Cu0.8Ni0.5；
Example 3, the lightweight material is FeCr0.6AlCuTi2；
In example 4, the lightweight material was FeAl3Si2Mn0.7Cu；
In example 5, the lightweight material was FeTi2SiMo0.5Mg；
The rest is the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 1
In this comparative example, the existing aluminum alloy material was used.
Comparative example 2
In this comparative example, an existing stainless steel material was used.
Comparative example 3
In this comparative example, the high entropy alloy was FeZrGe2Mg1.5Cu2。
In examples 1 to 5 described above, the total atomic percentage of the elements having atomic numbers smaller than that of Fe is in the range of 40% to 70%, whereas the high-entropy alloy in comparative example 3 is not in this range.
Performance test
The lightweight materials of each example and comparative example were tested for performance on cookware, respectively, and the test results are shown in table 1.
The specific test method is as follows.
1. Hardness test method: the test was performed using a brinell hardness tester.
2. Strength test method: the test was carried out according to GB/T228.1-2010 "tensile test method for metallic materials".
3. The density test method comprises the following steps: the density was calculated using drainage weighing.
TABLE 1 results of performance test of each of examples and comparative examples
Density/g/cm3 hardness/HB Tensile strength/MPa
Example 1 2.67 102 394
Example 2 4.63 162 512
Example 3 5.08 174 556
Example 4 3.42 125 462
Example 5 3.15 117 447
Comparative example 1 2.72 45 224
Comparative example 2 7.80 208 705
Comparative example 3 6.44 192 645
As can be seen from the data in table 1, the light materials provided in examples 1 to 5 of the present application have improved hardness and tensile strength compared to the conventional aluminum alloy material of comparative example 1, so that the obtained product has a certain strength in a thin state and can be prevented from deformation. Compared with the stainless steel material of the prior comparative example 2, the lightweight materials provided by the embodiments 1 to 5 have the advantages that the density is reduced, the product weight can be effectively reduced, and the hardness and the tensile strength of the lightweight materials can also meet the service performance. Comparative example 3 provides a material in which the total atomic percentage of elements having atomic numbers less than that of Fe is outside the range defined in the present application, increasing the density and increasing the product weight.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A lightweight material characterized in that constituent elements of the lightweight material include at least four of Mg, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, Hf, Ta, W, Pb, Si and B;
wherein the total atomic percentage of the elements with the atomic number smaller than that of Fe is 40-70%.
2. According to claimThe light material is characterized in that the density of the light material is 2.0-5.4 g/cm3。
3. The lightweight material according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a Brinell hardness of 100HB to 180 HB.
4. The lightweight material according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the atomic percentage of each constituent element in said lightweight material is independently from 5 to 35%.
5. The preparation method of the light material is characterized in that the composition elements of the light material comprise at least four of Mg, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, Hf, Ta, W, Pb, Si and B; wherein, the total atomic percentage of the elements with atomic numbers less than that of Fe is 40-70%;
the preparation method comprises at least one of vacuum arc melting, vacuum induction melting and powder metallurgy.
6. The method for preparing the lightweight material according to claim 5, wherein the preparation of the lightweight material by vacuum arc melting specifically comprises:
according to the atomic percentage of each element in the light material, putting the weighed raw materials of each element into a crucible, vacuumizing, filling argon, consuming oxygen by using pure titanium for a vacuum arc melting furnace, repeatedly melting and cooling to obtain the light material.
7. The method for producing a lightweight material according to claim 6, wherein the operating conditions of the vacuum arc melting satisfy at least one of the following characteristics:
vacuumizing to 5X 10 degree of vacuum in the furnace-3Pa～6×10-3Pa, filling argon again;
the arc striking current is 60A-70A;
repeatedly smelting for at least 5-8 times, wherein the time of each smelting is more than or equal to 10 min;
the smelting current is 200A-300A during smelting.
8. The method for preparing the lightweight material according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the lightweight material has a density of 2.0 to 5.4g/cm3(ii) a And/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the Brinell hardness of the light material is 100 HB-180 HB; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
in the light material, the atomic percentage of each constituent element is 5-35% independently.
9. A domestic appliance comprising the lightweight material according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the lightweight material obtained by the production method according to any one of claims 5 to 8.
10. The article of living accommodation of claim 9, wherein the article of living accommodation comprises a pot, cup or knife.
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