CN114644478B - Multi-arm concrete defoamer and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Multi-arm concrete defoamer and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114644478B CN114644478B CN202011507941.6A CN202011507941A CN114644478B CN 114644478 B CN114644478 B CN 114644478B CN 202011507941 A CN202011507941 A CN 202011507941A CN 114644478 B CN114644478 B CN 114644478B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/12—Nitrogen containing compounds organic derivatives of hydrazine
- C04B24/124—Amides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/50—Defoamers, air detrainers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete admixtures, and particularly discloses a multi-arm concrete defoamer and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, by designing a brand-new molecular structure, the multi-arm nonionic amide surfactant serving as the concrete defoamer is obtained. The concrete defoamer has a multi-arm structure, which belongs to a four-head surfactant in the structural view, and each arm is a hydrophilic chain and is connected through a middle hydrophobic chain; from the structural resolution, each hydrophilic chain is connected with a hydrophobic chain and is a single-chain type defoaming agent, and the single-chain type defoaming agent can be a single hydrophobic-hydrophilic structure or a hydrophobic-hydrophilic-hydrophobic block structure. Therefore, the multi-arm concrete defoamer disclosed by the invention not only has higher surface activity, but also has strong defoaming capability, and shows better compatibility with a water reducing agent. The invention also discloses good application of the multi-arm concrete defoamer in the aspect of bubble stability of cement-based materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete admixtures, and particularly relates to a multi-arm concrete defoamer, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in the aspect of bubble stabilization of cement-based materials.
Background
With the rapid development of market economy in China, construction engineering is continuously increased, and concrete is widely applied as one of the most important engineering materials in the construction industry. However, concrete also has many problems in practical engineering applications, such as the concrete's resistance to penetration, slump loss, early plastic shrinkage, UEA expansion in concrete, and hydration heat management of large volumes of concrete, all of which are more or less related to air bubbles within the concrete. The concrete forms certain harmful bubbles and beneficial bubbles in the forming process, so that the existence of the harmful bubbles is reduced by some technical means, and the quantity of the beneficial bubbles is increased so as to improve the performance of the concrete.
The defoaming agent is a surfactant, can prevent the generation of foam or can quickly destroy the generated foam in the stirring process, and can be divided into two types of foam breaking and foam inhibiting in terms of action mechanism. The addition of the defoaming agent can reduce bubbles in the concrete, thereby improving the strength of hardened concrete, optimizing the pore structure of the concrete, eliminating large bubbles, keeping small bubbles, improving the mechanical property of the concrete material and prolonging the service life of the concrete. The current defoamers on the market are mainly mineral oil, polyether, silicone and composite.
However, the defoaming agent used in the concrete field also has some problems, such as a defoaming agent having a strong defoaming capability, a defoaming agent having a poor compatibility with a water reducing agent, which is a main admixture in concrete, and a defoaming agent having a good compatibility is weak in defoaming capability. Therefore, by designing a brand new molecular structure, the defoaming agent has the characteristics of good compatibility and strong defoaming capability, and can better adapt to the market demand.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multi-arm concrete defoamer with a brand new structure, which has higher surface activity, strong defoaming capability and better compatibility with a water reducing agent.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a multi-arm concrete defoamer has the following structural general formula:
wherein m is an integer of 0 to 3, n is an integer of 1 to 4, and s is an integer of 10 to 18.
In the general structural formula, the molecular structure of the polypropylene copolymer contains 1 or 5 hydrophobic segments and 4 hydrophilic segments, wherein the hydrophobic segments are methylene chains with 10-18 carbon atoms and polypropylene glycol with 0-3 repeating units, and the hydrophilic segments are 4 polyethylene glycols with 1-4 repeating units.
Furthermore, the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value of the multi-arm concrete defoamer is 5-10. The hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value, namely the HLB value, is too high, the defoaming capability is reduced, and if the HLB value is too low, the compatibility with the water reducing agent is poor, so that the HLB value is preferably controlled within the range of 5-10 by controlling the value ranges of m, n and s in the structural general formula of the multi-arm concrete defoaming agent, and the strong defoaming capability and the good compatibility of the water reducing agent can be both considered.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the multi-arm type concrete defoamer as described above, comprising the steps of:
amidation reaction: long chain dibasic acid
Carrying out amidation reaction with diethanol amine to generate an intermediate with four hydroxyl groups; wherein s is an integer of 10 to 18;
ring-opening polymerization of ethylene oxide: performing ring-opening polymerization reaction on ethylene oxide and the intermediate to generate the multi-arm concrete defoamer; wherein in the structural general formula of the multi-arm concrete defoamer, the value of m is 0;
or the like, or, alternatively,
amidation reaction: long chain dibasic acid
Carrying out amidation reaction with diethanol amine to generate an intermediate with four hydroxyl groups; wherein s is an integer of 10 to 18;
double ring opening polymerization of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide: performing ring-opening polymerization reaction on ethylene oxide and propylene oxide and the intermediate to generate the multi-arm concrete defoamer; wherein in the structural general formula of the multi-arm concrete defoamer, the value of m is an integer of 1-3.
In other words, the aforementioned preparation process including "amidation reaction" and "ring-opening polymerization reaction of ethylene oxide" follows the following reaction principle:
in this reaction, s is an integer of 10 to 18, and n is an integer of 1 to 4.
The preparation process described above, which includes the "amidation reaction" and the "double ring opening polymerization of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide", follows the following reaction principle:
in this reaction, s is an integer of 10 to 18, n is an integer of 1 to 4, and m is an integer of 1 to 3.
Further, the amidation reaction comprises the following specific steps: mixing long-chain dibasic acid
Adding the intermediate and diethanol amine into a reaction kettle with a water separator, adding a para-dehydration catalyst and toluene, mixing, reacting for 6-10 h at 110-130 ℃ in the reaction kettle, distilling to remove the toluene after the reaction is finished, recrystallizing and drying to obtain the intermediate; wherein s is an integer of 10 to 18; the dehydration catalyst is p-toluenesulfonic acid or molecular sieve; the molar ratio of the long-chain dibasic acid to the diethanolamine to the p-toluenesulfonic acid is 1:2-4, the molar ratio of the long-chain dibasic acid to the diethanolamine is 1:2-4, and the mass of the molecular sieve is 4% -6% of the total mass of the long-chain dibasic acid, the diethanolamine and the molecular sieve;
the ring-opening polymerization reaction of the ethylene oxide comprises the following specific steps: placing the intermediate and the alkaline catalyst in a reaction kettle, introducing ethylene oxide at the temperature of 130-150 ℃, and reacting for 2-4 h to obtain the multi-arm concrete defoamer; wherein the molar ratio of the intermediate, the ethylene oxide and the basic catalyst is 1.
The double-ring opening polymerization reaction of the ethylene oxide and the propylene oxide comprises the following specific steps: placing the intermediate and the alkaline catalyst in a reaction kettle, introducing a mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide at the temperature of 130-150 ℃, and reacting for 2-4 h to obtain the multi-arm concrete defoamer; wherein the molar ratio of the intermediate, the ethylene oxide, the propylene oxide and the basic catalyst is 1.
Further, the catalyst is selected from any one of sodium hydride, potassium hydride, sodium methoxide and potassium methoxide.
The invention also aims to provide the application of the multi-arm concrete defoamer in cement-based materials, in particular to the application of the multi-arm concrete defoamer in the aspect of bubble stabilization of the cement-based materials, namely dissolving the multi-arm concrete defoamer and other concrete admixtures in water to obtain an admixture water solution; and adding the additive water solution into concrete and stirring.
Furthermore, the mixing amount of the multi-arm concrete defoamer is 0.5-2 per mill of the mass of the additive water solution.
The invention obtains a multi-arm nonionic amide surfactant as a concrete defoamer by designing a brand new molecular structure. The concrete defoamer has a multi-arm structure, is a four-head surfactant in the whole structure, and each arm can be regarded as a hydrophilic chain (polyethylene glycol with strong hydrophilicity is connected with polypropylene glycol with weak hydrophobicity) and is connected through a middle hydrophobic chain; from the aspect of structural resolution, each hydrophilic chain is connected with a hydrophobic chain to be regarded as a single-chain type defoaming agent, and the single-chain type defoaming agent can be a single hydrophobic-hydrophilic structure or a hydrophobic-hydrophilic-hydrophobic block structure. Therefore, the multi-arm concrete defoamer disclosed by the invention not only has higher surface activity, but also has strong defoaming capability and shows better compatibility with a water reducing agent.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the specific embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to explain the principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable others skilled in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
In order to solve the problem that the common polyether defoaming agent in the field cannot give consideration to strong defoaming capability and good compatibility, the inventor of the invention develops a multi-arm nonionic amide surfactant with a brand-new structure as a concrete defoaming agent, and details the preparation process and the effect of the surfactant in the aspect of bubble stability when the surfactant is applied to a cement-based material.
The above-described multi-arm type concrete defoamer and the preparation method thereof according to the present invention will be first embodied by the following synthetic examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that these examples are given by way of illustration only, in order to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to carry out the invention accordingly, but they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered in the protection scope of the present invention.
In each of the following synthetic examples, the raw materials used were all commercially available products, and the reagents (analytical grade) and the organic solvents (chemical grade) were obtained from the national pharmaceutical products chemical reagent group, ltd.
Meanwhile, in each of the following synthetic examples 1, p-toluenesulfonic acid was used as a dehydration catalyst, but those skilled in the art will understand that when a long-chain dibasic acid and diethanolamine are subjected to amidation reaction, a molecular sieve may be used as the dehydration catalyst, and the dehydration catalysts are not illustrated herein, and those skilled in the art can synthesize them by referring to the prior art.
Synthesis example 1
Firstly, adding 1mol of dodecanedioic acid and 2mol of diethanolamine into a reaction kettle with a water separator, then adding 0.5mol of p-toluenesulfonic acid and 120mL of toluene, mixing, reacting in the reaction kettle at 110 ℃ for 6h, distilling to remove the toluene after the reaction is finished, and recrystallizing and drying to obtain an intermediate.
Then, 1mol of the intermediate obtained by the foregoing preparation and 0.01mol of sodium hydride were placed in a reaction vessel, and 4mol of ethylene oxide was introduced at 130 ℃ and reacted for 2 hours to obtain a product.
As can be inferred from the above raw materials and the amounts thereof, the product prepared in this example has the following general structural formula:
synthesis example 2
Firstly, adding 1mol of eicosanedioic acid and 4mol of diethanolamine into a reaction kettle, adding into the reaction kettle with a water separator, then adding 1mol of p-toluenesulfonic acid and 120mL of toluene, mixing, reacting in the reaction kettle at 130 ℃ for 10h, distilling to remove the toluene after the reaction is finished, and recrystallizing and drying to obtain an intermediate.
Then, 1mol of the intermediate obtained in the foregoing production and 0.1mol of sodium methoxide were put in a reaction vessel, and 8mol of ethylene oxide and 4mol of propylene oxide were introduced at 150 ℃ and reacted for 4 hours to obtain a product.
As can be inferred from the above raw materials and the amounts thereof, the product prepared in this example has the following general structural formula:
synthesis example 3
Firstly, adding 1mol of hexadecanedioic acid and 3mol of diethanolamine into a reaction kettle, adding into the reaction kettle with a water separator, then adding 0.8mol of p-toluenesulfonic acid and 120mL of toluene, mixing, reacting for 8 hours at 120 ℃ in the reaction kettle, distilling to remove the toluene after the reaction is finished, recrystallizing, and drying to obtain an intermediate.
Then, 1mol of the intermediate obtained by the foregoing preparation and 0.05mol of potassium hydride were placed in a reaction vessel, and 16mol of ethylene oxide and 12mol of propylene oxide were introduced at 140 ℃ and reacted for 3 hours to obtain a product.
As can be inferred from the above raw materials and the amounts thereof, the product prepared in this example has the following general structural formula:
synthesis example 4
Firstly, adding 1mol of octadecanedioic acid and 2mol of diethanolamine into a reaction kettle, adding into the reaction kettle with a water separator, then adding 0.6mol of p-toluenesulfonic acid and 120mL of toluene, mixing, reacting in the reaction kettle at 130 ℃ for 6h, distilling to remove the toluene after the reaction is finished, and recrystallizing and drying to obtain an intermediate.
Then, 1mol of the intermediate obtained by the foregoing preparation and 0.1mol of potassium methoxide were put in a reaction kettle, and 12mol of ethylene oxide was introduced at 130 ℃ and reacted for 2 hours to obtain a product.
As can be inferred from the above raw materials and the amounts thereof, the product prepared in this example has the following general structural formula:
in the structural design of the concrete defoamer, a plurality of arms (four arms) and a single structure of each arm and a combined structure formed by connecting the arms and the middle part are very important for achieving both strong defoaming effect and good compatibility. To verify this, the following comparative experiments were carried out, based on the starting materials described in example 1 and the products obtained by their preparation, respectively.
Comparative example 1
In this comparative example, the preparation process differs from that in example 1 in that: in this comparative example, only the intermediate obtained in the first step of the preparation in example 1 was used as the first comparative product.
As can be inferred from the above raw materials and the amounts thereof, the first comparative product obtained by the preparation of this comparative example has the following general structural formula:
that is, the first comparative product obtained in this comparative example was a four-arm type surfactant in which only one hydroxyethyl group was attached to each arm.
Comparative example 2
In this comparative example, the preparation process differs from that in example 1 in that: in the comparative example, only the diethanolamine raw material used in the preparation of the intermediate in the first step in example 1 was replaced by the monoethanolamine raw material; the second comparative product was prepared as shown in remaining reference example 1.
As can be inferred from the above raw materials and the amounts thereof, the first comparative product obtained by the preparation of this comparative example has the following general structural formula:
that is, the second comparative product obtained by the present comparative example, which is a linear type surfactant, is a linear structure having a group obtained by amidation reaction of dodecanedioic acid with monoethanolamine as the center and one polyethylene glycol group attached to each side.
In order to verify the defoaming performance and compatibility with the water reducing agent in the general concrete of the multi-arm type concrete defoamer prepared in the above examples 1 to 4 of the present invention, the following tests were performed. Meanwhile, for comparison of effects, the comparative antifoaming agents prepared in the above comparative examples 1 to 2 and a commercially available single-chain type antifoaming agent, octadecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, were also subjected to the same performance tests as in comparative example 3.
In the performance test, a 10% polycarboxylate water reducing agent solution (polycarboxylate high performance water reducing agent from Su Bote new materials ltd. Of Jiangsu) was used as the foaming liquid. The defoaming performance test method refers to the national standard GB/T26527-2011 organosilicon defoamer to test the defoaming performance and foam inhibition performance of the defoamer, and the test comparison results are shown in tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1 defoaming Performance test comparison
TABLE 2 foam inhibition performance test comparison
In the defoaming performance test, the shorter the defoaming time is, the stronger the defoaming capability of the defoaming agent is; in the foam inhibition performance test, the smaller the bubbling volume, the stronger the foam inhibition capability of the defoaming agent. As can be seen from the results in tables 1 and 2, the incorporation of the multi-arm concrete defoamer prepared according to the present invention significantly shortens the defoaming time and significantly reduces the bubbling volume. Compared with the comparative example 1, the product obtained by reacting the single long-chain dibasic acid and the diethanol amine, namely the first comparative product, has poor defoaming performance and poor compatibility with the water reducing agent; compared with the comparative example 2, the double-headed defoaming agent, namely the second comparative product has better defoaming capability, but has poorer compatibility with the water reducing agent compared with the four-headed defoaming agent (namely the product obtained in the example 1); compared with comparative example 3, the single-chain type defoaming agent on the market has general defoaming capability and poor compatibility with the water reducing agent. The multi-arm concrete defoamer sample prepared by the invention has good defoaming capability and good compatibility with a water reducing agent.
In order to verify the application effect of the multi-arm concrete defoamer prepared in the above examples 1 to 4 of the present invention in cement-based materials, the following application was performed.
Application examples
In this example, the multi-arm concrete defoamer prepared in the above examples 1 to 4 of the present invention was applied to the preparation of cement-based materials.
Specifically, the multi-arm concrete defoamer prepared in the above examples 1 to 4 was dissolved in water together with other concrete admixtures to obtain an admixture aqueous solution; and adding the additive aqueous solution into the concrete and stirring to obtain the concrete test block.
Furthermore, the adopted cement is 52.5 R.P.II cement in the small open field, fly ash (I grade), sand is medium sand with fineness modulus Mx =2.6, and pebbles are continuous graded broken stones with the grain diameter of 5 mm-20 mm. The concrete slump, the water reducing rate and the gas content are tested according to the relevant regulations of national standard GB8076-2008 "concrete admixture". The water-glue ratio is 0.4, the mixing amount of the water reducing agent is 0.14 percent, and the mixing amount of the defoaming agent is 0.12 percent of the bending and fixing mixing amount of the water reducing agent; the concrete mixing ratio is that m (cement), m (coal ash), m (large stone) and m (small stone) are 280.
Meanwhile, for comparison of effects, the comparative antifoaming agents prepared in the above comparative examples 1 to 2 and the commercially available single-chain antifoaming agent, octadecyl polyoxyethylene ether, were also subjected to the same performance tests as in comparative example 3.
The test comparison results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 defoaming Performance test comparison of concrete test blocks
From the results in table 3, compared with comparative examples 1 to 3, the multi-arm concrete defoamer prepared by the invention has lower gas content in the initial and 60min concrete gas content, and because the gas content is low, the pores in the concrete test block are reduced, so that the strength of the concrete test block at 3d/7d/28d is also obviously increased, thereby demonstrating that the multi-arm concrete defoamer prepared by the invention can more effectively reduce the gas bubble content in the concrete test block, thereby improving the strength of the concrete test block.
In conclusion, the multi-arm concrete defoamer prepared by the invention not only shows good compatibility with a water reducing agent, but also has innovativeness in structure, strong defoaming capability and better foam inhibition effect, and has lower gas content in the aspect of bubble stability of cement-based materials, so that the strength and durability of concrete are enhanced.
While the invention has been shown and described with reference to certain embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The multi-arm concrete defoamer is characterized by having the following structural general formula:
wherein m is an integer of 0~3, n is an integer of 1~4, and s is an integer of 10 to 18;
in the structural general formula, the molecular structure of the polyethylene glycol-polypropylene copolymer contains 1 or 5 hydrophobic segments and 4 hydrophilic segments, wherein the hydrophobic segments are methylene chains with 10 to 18 carbon atoms and polypropylene glycol containing 0~3 repeating units, and the hydrophilic segments are 4 polyethylene glycols containing 1~4 repeating units.
2. The multi-arm concrete defoamer of claim 1, wherein the multi-arm concrete defoamer has a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of 5 to 10.
3. The method of preparing a multi-arm concrete defoamer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
amidation reaction: long chain dibasic acid
Carrying out amidation reaction with diethanol amine to generate an intermediate with four hydroxyl groups; wherein s is an integer of 10 to 18;
ring-opening polymerization of ethylene oxide: performing ring-opening polymerization reaction on ethylene oxide and the intermediate to generate the multi-arm concrete defoamer; wherein in the structural general formula of the multi-arm concrete defoamer, the value of m is 0;
or the like, or, alternatively,
amidation reaction: long chain dibasic acid
Carrying out amidation reaction with diethanol amine to generate an intermediate with four hydroxyl groups; wherein s is an integer of 10 to 18;
double ring opening polymerization of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide: performing ring-opening polymerization reaction on ethylene oxide and propylene oxide and the intermediate to generate the multi-arm concrete defoamer; in the structural general formula of the multi-arm concrete defoamer, the value of m is an integer of 1~3.
4. The process according to claim 3, wherein the amidation reaction comprises the following steps: will be longChain dibasic acid
Adding diethanolamine and a dehydration catalyst into a reaction kettle with a water separator, then adding the dehydration catalyst and toluene, mixing, reacting for 6 hours to 10 hours at 110-130 ℃ in the reaction kettle, distilling to remove the toluene after the reaction is finished, recrystallizing, and drying to obtain the intermediate; wherein s is an integer of 10 to 18; the dehydration catalyst is p-toluenesulfonic acid or molecular sieve; the molar ratio of the long-chain dibasic acid to the diethanolamine to the p-toluenesulfonic acid is 1 to 2 to 4, the molar ratio of the long-chain dibasic acid to the diethanolamine is 1 to 2 to 4, and the mass of the molecular sieve is 4-6% of the total mass of the long-chain dibasic acid, the diethanolamine and the molecular sieve;
the ring-opening polymerization reaction of the ethylene oxide comprises the following specific steps: placing the intermediate and an alkaline catalyst in a reaction kettle, introducing ethylene oxide at the temperature of 130-150 ℃, and reacting for 2-4 h to obtain the multi-arm concrete defoamer; wherein the molar ratio of the intermediate, the ethylene oxide and the basic catalyst is 1 to 4 n.
5. The process according to claim 3, wherein the amidation reaction comprises the following steps: mixing long-chain dibasic acid
Adding diethanolamine and a p-dehydration catalyst into a reaction kettle with a water separator, then adding and mixing the p-dehydration catalyst and toluene, reacting for 6h to 10h at 110-130 ℃ in the reaction kettle, distilling to remove the toluene after the reaction is finished, recrystallizing and drying to obtain the intermediate; wherein s is an integer of 10 to 18; the dehydration catalyst is p-toluenesulfonic acid or molecular sieve; the molar ratio of the long-chain dibasic acid to the diethanolamine to the p-toluenesulfonic acid is 1 to 2 to 4, the molar ratio of the long-chain dibasic acid to the diethanolamine is 1 to 2 to 4, and the mass of the molecular sieve is 4-6% of the total mass of the long-chain dibasic acid, the diethanolamine and the molecular sieve;
the double-ring opening polymerization reaction of the ethylene oxide and the propylene oxide comprises the following specific steps: placing the intermediate and an alkaline catalyst in a reaction kettle, introducing a mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide at the temperature of 130-150 ℃, and reacting for 2-4 h to obtain the multi-arm concrete defoamer; wherein the molar ratio of the intermediate, the ethylene oxide, the propylene oxide and the basic catalyst is 1.
6. The production method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the basic catalyst is selected from any one of sodium hydride, potassium hydride, sodium methoxide, and potassium methoxide.
7. The use of a multi-arm concrete defoamer as claimed in claim 1 or 2 in a cement-based material, wherein said multi-arm concrete defoamer is dissolved in water together with other concrete admixtures to obtain an aqueous admixture solution; and adding the additive aqueous solution into concrete and stirring.
8. The use according to claim 7, wherein the multi-arm type concrete defoamer is added in an amount of 0.5 to 2% by mass of the aqueous additive solution.
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