CN114642500A - Dura mater incision device for neurosurgery - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a dura mater incision device for neurosurgery, which comprises a support handle, a dura mater cutting device, a dura mater fixing device and a dura mater protection guide plate, wherein the rear end of the dura mater cutting device is detachably connected with the rear end of the support handle, the rear end of the dura mater protection guide plate is detachably connected with the front end of the support handle, and a cutting guide groove for limiting the dura mater cutting device is formed in the dura mater protection guide plate; the back end of the dura mater fixing device is detachably connected with the support handle, and the front end of the dura mater fixing device is movably connected with the dura mater protection guide plate. The invention can solve the problems of damage to normal tissues, bleeding of incisal margins, influence on suturing due to irregular incisal margins, low efficiency and the like which are possibly caused in the process of opening the dura mater in the neurosurgery craniotomy in the prior art.

Description

Dura mater incision device for neurosurgery

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a dura mater incision device for neurosurgery.

Background

Craniotomy is the main surgical way for neurosurgery to treat various intracranial tumors, cerebrovascular diseases and craniocerebral trauma. In craniotomy, opening the dura mater is one of the important surgical steps. The dura mater, which is located between the skull and the brain tissue, surrounds the entire brain tissue surface and is a thick, tough, double-layered membrane. The outer layer of dura mater is the periosteum of the inner face of the skull, and the inner layer is thicker and tougher than the outer layer and is continuous with the dura mater at the occipital foramen. The dura mater mainly plays a role in protecting brain tissues. In the craniotomy, the dura mater is exposed after the skull is opened, and the corresponding brain area can be exposed only by further opening the dura mater and carrying out the next operation. It can be said that opening the dura mater is the link that most craniotomy procedures require. When opening the dura mater, an operator firstly needs to hook the outer layer of the dura mater by using a dural hook and cut the dura mater into a small opening by using a sharp knife, then inserts a blade at one side of a dural scissors into the dural mater from the small opening, cuts the dural mater while forwards pushing the dural scissors, cuts the dural mater in an arc or radial manner, or inserts a grooved probe into the dural mater from the small opening after cutting the small opening, and the operator holds the grooved probe to forwards push the grooved probe by one hand and holds the sharp knife by the other hand to cut the dural mater along a groove of the grooved probe.

The prior art has the following problems in the process of opening the dura mater: 1. because of intracranial lesions, the brain tissue tension is often high, the space between the dura mater and the brain tissue is extremely small, and the process of inserting a scissor blade or a grooved probe and advancing is often easy to contort the brain tissue or damage blood vessels on the surface of the brain, so that the corresponding cortical function is damaged or bleeds; 2. the dura mater is cut by scissors or a grooved probe and a sharp knife, the actions of cutting or cutting are required to be repeated for many times, the cutting edges of the dura mater are uneven, and the dura mater is difficult to suture in a involution way when the cranium is closed; 3. in the process of cutting or incising the dura mater, the position of the dura mater scissors or the sharp knife is regulated and controlled manually, the action directivity and the stability are poor, the dura mater scissors or the sharp knife possibly deviates from a preset incision in the cutting or incising process, the distance between the dura mater incisal edge and the edge of the bone window is too close, the dura mater reserved on one side close to the bone window is too little, and the space for suturing the dura mater is not enough when the skull is closed, so that the suture cannot be performed; 4. when the dura mater is cut or incised, blood vessels running on the dura mater are cut off, so that the cut edge bleeds, and the hemostasis operation must be specially carried out when the dura mater is opened, thereby affecting the efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the existing problems, the invention aims to provide a dura mater incision device for neurosurgery so as to solve the problems of damage to normal tissues, bleeding of incisal margins, influence on suturing due to irregular incisal margins, low efficiency and the like which possibly occur in the process of opening the dura mater in the neurosurgery craniotomy in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a dura mater incision device for neurosurgery, characterized in that: the dura mater cutting device comprises a support handle, a dura mater cutting device, a dura mater fixing device and a dura mater protection guide plate, wherein the rear end of the dura mater cutting device is detachably connected with the rear end of the support handle, the rear end of the dura mater protection guide plate is detachably connected with the front end of the support handle, and a cutting guide groove for limiting the dura mater cutting device is formed in the dura mater protection guide plate; the back end of the dura mater fixing device is detachably connected with the support handle, and the front end of the dura mater fixing device is movably connected with the dura mater protection guide plate.

Furthermore, the bracket handle comprises a cutting device bracket and a protection guide plate bracket, the front end of the cutting device bracket is detachably connected with the rear end of the protection guide plate bracket through a first bolt assembly, the rear end of the cutting device bracket is provided with a first electrode base, and a first electrode lead is connected onto the first electrode base; the middle part of the cutting device bracket is provided with a long-strip-shaped first through hole, the edges of the left side and the right side of the first through hole are symmetrically provided with two cutting device connecting bases, and the dura mater cutting device is detachably connected with the two cutting device connecting bases through a second bolt assembly; the rear end of the dura mater protection guide plate is detachably connected with the front end of the protection guide plate bracket; the rear end of the dura mater fixing device is detachably connected with the rear end of the protective guide plate bracket and the front end of the cutting device bracket.

Furthermore, the front end of the cutting device bracket is of a convex structure, the rear end of the protective guide plate bracket is provided with a first open slot matched with the shape of the front end of the cutting device bracket, and the front end of the cutting device bracket is detachably inserted into the first open slot; the front end of the protective guide plate bracket is provided with a second open slot for fixing the dura mater protective guide plate.

Furthermore, a first positioning hole which is communicated with the left and the right is formed in the position, close to the front end, of the cutting device support, two second positioning holes are formed in the position, close to the rear end, of the protection guide plate support, the two second positioning holes are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the first groove, and the first positioning hole is detachably connected with the two second positioning holes through the first bolt assembly.

Further, the dura mater cutting device comprises a cutter handle, a cutting head is detachably mounted at the front end of the cutter handle, a second electrode base is arranged at the rear end of the cutter handle, and a second electrode lead is connected to the second electrode base; the cutter handle is provided with a first positioning adjusting groove communicated left and right, and the first positioning adjusting groove is detachably connected with the two cutting device connecting bases through a second bolt assembly; the knife handle is also provided with a control switch;

the front end of handle of a knife is seted up and is used for installing the third fluting of cutting head, the rear end of cutting head be equipped with the cutting head connector that third fluting matches.

Furthermore, the dura mater fixing device comprises two positioning ratchet supports, the two positioning ratchet supports are respectively detachably connected to the left side and the right side of the protection guide plate support, and the two positioning ratchet supports and the protection guide plate support are also detachably connected through the first bolt assembly; two through connecting rod fixed connection between the front end of location ratchet support, and two the front end of location ratchet support all is equipped with the ratchet axle, two the ratchet axle is eight characters type structure, every all rotate on the ratchet axle and be equipped with the ratchet, the ratchet is the material of inhaling by magnetism.

Furthermore, a second positioning adjusting groove which is communicated with the left and the right is formed in the position, close to the rear end, of the positioning ratchet wheel support, and the two positioning adjusting grooves are detachably connected with the first positioning hole and the two second positioning holes through the first bolt assembly.

Further, the dura mater protection guide plate comprises a protection guide plate connector, a guide plate main body and a guide plate electrode, wherein the protection guide plate connector is used for being connected with the support handle; the cutting guide groove is positioned at the middle position of the straight part of the guide plate body; the guide plate body is further provided with two ratchet wheel fixing baffles, the two ratchet wheel fixing baffles are arranged in a splayed shape, and the two ratchet wheel fixing baffles are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the cutting guide groove.

Furthermore, a support assembly is arranged between the cutting device bracket and the knife handle, the support assembly comprises a first rotary table which is rotatably arranged in the first through hole, two support rods are fixedly arranged on the left side wall of the first through hole, the two support rods are rotatably connected with the circular side surface of the first rotary table, a telescopic rod is fixedly arranged on the edge of the first rotary table close to the knife handle, a support plate is fixedly arranged at the top of the telescopic rod, and the support plate is matched with the knife handle in shape; the telescopic rod comprises a first screw rod, an intermediate rod and a top rod, one end of the first screw rod is fixedly connected with the edge of the first rotary table, the other end of the first screw rod is in threaded connection with the intermediate rod, and the bottom of the intermediate rod is provided with a thread groove matched with the first screw rod; the top of the middle rod is rotatably connected with the top rod through a bearing;

and a limiting assembly is further arranged between the first turntable and the cutting device bracket.

Furthermore, the limiting assembly comprises a limiting groove formed in the circular side face of the first rotary disc, one circle of the limiting groove is of a tooth structure, a push rod is movably connected to the cutting device support and penetrates through the cutting device support, a gear is fixedly arranged at one end, close to the first rotary disc, of the push rod, the gear is matched with the tooth structure, one end, far away from the first rotary disc, of the push rod is located on the outer side of the cutting device support, and a second rotary disc is fixedly arranged at one end, far away from the first rotary disc, of the push rod; a guide rod is fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the cutting device bracket, an arc abdicating through hole matched with the guide rod is formed in the second rotary table, and a circle of flexible pad is fixedly sleeved outside the second rotary table; still set firmly two threaded sleeves on the cutting device support, two threaded sleeve symmetry sets up the both sides of second carousel, every equal threaded connection has the second threaded rod in the threaded sleeve, every the threaded rod is close to the one end of flexible pad all has set firmly trapezoidal piece, trapezoidal piece is close to the one side of flexible pad is the inclined plane structure.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the improvement that,

1. according to the dura mater incision device, when dura mater is incised, the guide plate electrode can lift the dura mater from the lower part to enable the dura mater at the front end of the advancing direction of the device to form a safety gap with brain tissue, the brain tissue cannot be injured when the dura mater is cut, meanwhile, the upturned front end can press down the blood vessel and shield the blood vessel below a dura mater protection guide plate when the whole device is pushed forwards to meet the blood vessel on the surface of the brain tissue, the blood vessel is prevented from being damaged when cutting, the bottom surface of the dura mater protection guide plate is attached with the smooth insulating hydrophilic coating, when the whole device is pushed forwards, the hydrophilic layer can be formed between the brain tissue and the guide plate, the friction force is reduced to the maximum extent, and the brain tissue is prevented from being contused.

2. The dura mater incision device can continuously cut dura mater, the dura mater protection guide plate has enough width (1.5cm-2cm), the width of the outer side of the dura mater protection guide plate is 0.75cm-1cm away from the cutting guide groove at the center, when the dura mater is cut, the outermost side of the dura mater protection guide plate can be pushed forwards in a manner of being close to the edge of a bone window, the cutting edge is neat, and the dura mater cutting edge at one side of the edge of the bone window can be ensured to have enough width for suturing.

3. When the dura mater incision device is used, the dura mater protection guide plate is positioned below the dura mater, the ratchet wheel is pressed outside the dura mater, the dura mater is clamped between the ratchet wheel and the guide plate main body under the action of magnetic attraction, the position of the ratchet wheel is limited at the inner side of the ratchet wheel by the ratchet wheel fixing baffle plates at the two sides, when the whole device is pushed forwards, the ratchet wheels at the two sides roll forwards by virtue of the ratchet wheel shaft, and tension towards the two sides is applied to the dura mater while the dura mater is fixed, so that the dura mater is convenient to cut; when the electric knife is used for cutting, electric arcs are formed between the needle-shaped electrodes and the cutting guide grooves, the dura mater is continuously cut by the electric arcs, and the electric arcs burn blood vessels at the edge of the dura mater while cutting, so that the cutting efficiency is improved.

4. According to the dura mater incision device, the support handle and the dura mater cutting device are detachably connected through the bolt assemblies, the knife handle of the dura mater cutting device and the positioning ratchet wheel support of the dura mater fixing device are respectively provided with the elongated positioning adjusting grooves, so that the angle between the dura mater cutting device and the dura mater fixing device and the support handle and the position of the dura mater cutting device and the dura mater fixing device can be adjusted, and the requirements of different operators on habits and different operations are met.

5. According to the dura mater incision device, the supporting component is arranged between the cutting device bracket and the knife handle, and can support the knife handle, so that the situation that the cutting head is loosened under the resistance action of the dura mater when the dura mater is cut to influence the operation efficiency is avoided; the first rotating disc in the supporting assembly rotates to any angle, the length of the telescopic rod can be adjusted, and the telescopic rod can be guaranteed to vertically support the knife handle under the condition that the installation angle of the knife handle is adjusted optionally, so that the supporting effect is improved; spacing subassembly between first carousel and the cutting device support can carry on spacingly to first carousel under the condition that first carousel rotated wantonly, avoids cutting the first carousel of in-process at the dura mater and takes place rotatoryly, influences the support effect of telescopic link to the handle of a knife.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a side view of a dural incision device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the external structure of the handle of the bracket according to the first embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the external structure of the handle of the bracket according to the first embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 4 is a front view of the internal structure of the handle of the bracket according to the first embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the external structure of the holder of the cutting device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a top view of an external structure of a holder of a cutting device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the external structure of the dural cutting device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a front view of the external structure of the dural cutting device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a front view of the internal structure of the dural cutting device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a cutting head according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a front view of the connection between the stent handle and the dural cutting device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a side view of a dural mater fixation device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a top view of a dural mater fixation device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a front view of the connection between the stent handle and the dural mater holding device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a side view of a structure of a dura mater protective guide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a top view of a structure of a dural protective guide according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a top view of the dural mater fixation device and the dural mater protective guide in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a schematic view of a cutting head structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a side view of the structure of a dural mater incision device in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a side view of the structure of a dural incision device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 21 is a cross-sectional view of a support assembly in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 22 is a front view of the support assembly in the first turntable unlocked state according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 23 is a front view of a support assembly in a first locked state of the rotary table according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 24 is a schematic view of a telescopic rod structure in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 25 is a right side view of the first turntable structure in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 26 is an external structural schematic view of a fourth position limiting assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein: 1-a stent handle, 101-a cutting device stent, 1011-a first positioning hole, 1012-a first through hole, 102-a protective guide stent, 1021-a first notch, 1022-a second notch, 1023-a second positioning hole, 103-a first electrode base, 104-a first electrode lead, 105-a cutting device connecting base, 1051-a rubber gasket, 1052-a third positioning hole, 2-a dura mater cutting device, 201-a knife handle, 2011-a first positioning adjustment groove, 2012-a third notch, 202-a cutting head, 2021-a cutting head connector, 2022-a needle electrode, 2023-an insulating protective layer, 203-a second electrode base, 2024-a blade, 204-a second electrode lead, 205-a control switch, 3-a dura mater fixing device, 301-positioning ratchet support, 3011-second positioning adjustment groove, 302-connecting rod, 303-ratchet shaft, 304-ratchet, 4-dura mater protection guide plate, 401-protection guide plate connector, 402-guide plate main body, 403-guide plate electrode, 4021-cutting guide groove, 4022-ratchet fixing baffle, 5-first bolt component, 6-second bolt component, 7-first rotating disc, 701-limit groove, 702-tooth structure, 703-T type groove, 8-supporting rod, 801-T type block, 9-telescopic rod, 901-first screw rod, 902-intermediate rod, 903-ejector rod, 904-thread groove, 905-bearing, 10-supporting plate, 11-push rod, 12-gear, 13-second rotating disc, 14-guide rod, 1401-stop block, 15-abdicating through hole, 16-flexible pad, 17-threaded sleeve, 18-threaded rod and 19-trapezoidal block.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following further describes the technical solution of the present invention with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1-17, the dura mater incision device for neurosurgery comprises a support handle 1, a dura mater cutting device 2, a dura mater fixing device 3 and a dura mater protection guide plate 4, wherein the rear end of the dura mater cutting device 2 is detachably connected with the rear end of the support handle 1, the rear end of the dura mater protection guide plate 4 is detachably connected with the front end of the support handle 1, and the dura mater protection guide plate 4 is provided with a cutting guide groove 4021 for limiting the dura mater cutting device 2; the rear end of the dura mater fixing device 3 is detachably connected with the support handle 1, and the front end of the dura mater fixing device 3 is movably connected with the dura mater protection guide plate 4.

Specifically, the support handle 1 includes a cutting device support 101 and a protective guide plate support 102, the front end of the cutting device support 101 is detachably connected to the rear end of the protective guide plate support 102, a first electrode base 103 is arranged at the rear end of the cutting device support 101, a first electrode lead 104 is connected to the first electrode base 103, a support electrode is arranged in the first electrode base 103, and the support electrode is connected to the first electrode lead 104. Two cutting device connecting bases 105 are symmetrically arranged at the left and right side edges of the cutting device bracket 101, and the dura mater cutting device 2 is detachably connected with the two cutting device connecting bases 105; the rear end of the dura mater protective guide 4 is detachably connected with the front end of the protective guide bracket 102; the rear end of the dural fixation device 3 is detachably connected to the rear end of the guard fence bracket 102 and the front end of the cutting device bracket 101.

More specifically, the front end of the cutting device bracket 101 is of a convex structure, the rear end of the protective guide plate bracket 102 is provided with a first open slot 1021 matched with the shape of the front end of the cutting device bracket 101, and the front end of the cutting device bracket 101 is detachably inserted into the first open slot 1021; cutting device support 101 is close to the front end department and has seted up the first locating hole 1011 of left and right sides intercommunication, protection baffle support 102 is close to the rear end department and has seted up two second locating holes 1023, two second locating hole 1023 symmetric distribution is in the both sides of first fluting 1021, first locating hole 1011 and two can dismantle the connection through first bolt assembly 5 between the second locating hole 1023, it needs to explain that, first bolt assembly 5 include the screw rod and with two nuts of screw rod assorted, insert first locating hole 1011 and two with the screw rod in the second locating hole 1023, two nuts are fixed respectively protection baffle support 102's both sides. In the bolt assemblies described below, the structures thereof are the same as those of the first bolt assembly 5 except for the nut mounting positions.

The front end of the protective guide plate bracket 102 is provided with a second open slot 1022 for fixing the dura mater protective guide plate 4, and the dura mater protective guide plate 4 is detachably inserted in the second open slot 1022.

The rear end of the cutting device support 101 is also of a convex structure, the front end of the first electrode base 103 is of a concave structure matched with the convex structure at the rear end of the cutting device support 101, the rear end of the cutting device support 101 is detachably embedded in a groove at the front end of the first electrode base 103, the first electrode base 103 is made of insulating resin, and the cutting device support 101 is made of metal.

The middle part of the cutting device support 101 is provided with a first through hole 1012, the first through hole 1012 extends along the long axis direction of the cutting device support 101, the two cutting device connecting bases 105 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the first through hole 1012, rubber gaskets 1051 are arranged on the inner sides of the two cutting device connecting bases 105, third positioning holes 1052 are formed in the two cutting device connecting bases 105, the third positioning holes 1052 penetrate through the rubber gaskets 1051, the dura mater cutting device 2 is installed between the two rubber gaskets 1051, and the dura mater cutting device 2 is detachably connected with the two cutting device connecting bases 105 through a second bolt assembly 6.

Further, the dura mater cutting device 2 includes a handle 201, the front end of the handle 201 is detachably mounted with a cutting head 202, the rear end of the handle 201 is provided with a second electrode base 203, (the connection mode between the handle 201 and the second electrode base 203 is the same as the connection mode between the first electrode base 103 and the cutting device support 101), a handle electrode is arranged in the second electrode base 203, a second electrode lead 204 is connected to the second electrode base 203, the second electrode lead 204 is connected to the handle electrode, and the first electrode lead 104 and the second electrode lead 204 are connected to the same plug.

A first positioning adjusting groove 2011 communicated left and right is formed in the cutter handle 201, and the first positioning adjusting groove 2011 is detachably connected with the two cutting device connecting bases 105 through second bolt assemblies 6; insert handle 201 between two rubber gasket 1051, adjust the position of handle 201, insert the corresponding position of two third locating holes 1052 and first location adjustment tank 2011 with the screw rod in second bolt subassembly 6, screw two nuts in the outside of two cutting device connection bases 105 can.

The front end of handle of a knife 201 is seted up and is used for installing the third groove 2012 that opens open of cutting head 202, the rear end of cutting head 202 be equipped with the cutting head connector 2021 that the third groove 2012 matches that opens open. The electrode holder is characterized in that the handle 201 is made of hard insulating resin, a handle wire (not shown in the figure) is arranged in the handle 201, one end of the handle wire is connected with a handle electrode in the second electrode base 203, the other end of the handle wire is connected with the third opening 2012, a control switch 205 is further arranged on the handle 201, and the control switch 205 is used for controlling a circuit of the handle wire.

In this embodiment, the cutting head 202 is an electric cutting head, the rear end of the cutting head is a cutting head connector 2021 matched with the third open groove 2012, the cutting head connector 2021 is made of a cylindrical metal material, the cutting head connector 2021 is connected with the third open groove 2012 in a buckling manner and is connected with a handle wire, the front end of the cutting head connector 2021 is provided with a needle electrode 2022, and an insulating protective layer 2023 is disposed outside a portion of the connector 2021 located outside the third open groove 2012. When the handle electrode is electrified, the connector 2021 is electrified through the handle lead, and cutting is performed through the needle electrode 2022.

Further, the dura mater fixing device 3 comprises two positioning ratchet supports 301, the two positioning ratchet supports 301 are detachably connected to the left and right sides of the protection guide plate support 102 respectively, and the two positioning ratchet supports 301 and the protection guide plate support 102 are also detachably connected through the first bolt assembly 5; specifically, the second positioning adjustment groove 3011, two of which communicate from left to right, is formed at the position, close to the rear end, of the positioning ratchet support 301, the positioning adjustment grooves 3011 and the first positioning holes 1011 and two of which are detachably connected through the first bolt assembly 5, when the positioning ratchet support is installed, the two positioning ratchet supports 301 are respectively installed at the left side and the right side of the protection guide plate support 102, the second positioning adjustment groove 3011 is aligned with the second positioning holes 1023, a screw rod in the first bolt assembly 5 sequentially passes through the first second positioning adjustment groove 3011, the first second positioning hole 1023, the first positioning hole 1011, the second positioning hole 1023 and the second positioning adjustment groove 3011, and the two positioning ratchet supports 301, the protection guide plate support 102 and the cutting device support 101 can be fixed together.

Two through connecting rod 302 fixed connection between the front end of location ratchet support 301, and two the front end of location ratchet support 301 all is equipped with ratchet shaft 303, two ratchet shaft 303 is eight characters type structure, every all rotate on the ratchet shaft 303 and be equipped with ratchet 304, ratchet 304 is the material of inhaling. The positioning ratchet wheel support 301 is made of metal and is externally provided with an insulating coating, the ratchet wheel 304 is circular, and the outer ring of the ratchet wheel is provided with teeth.

Further, the dura mater protection guide plate 4 comprises a protection guide plate connector 401, a guide plate main body 402 and a guide plate electrode 403 which are used for being connected with the bracket handle 1, wherein the protection guide plate connector 401 is made of a rectangular metal material and is in snap-fit connection with a second slot 1022 at the front end of the protection guide plate bracket 102; guide plate main part 402 is flat structure in the middle of the both ends upwarp, in this embodiment, the straight part in the middle of guide plate main part 402 and the both ends contained angle between the upwarp part are the obtuse angle, guide plate main part 402's front end with guide plate electrode 403 connects, guide plate body 402's rear end with protection baffle connector 401 is connected, but guide plate main part 402 is magnetism metal material, and 1.5cm-2cm wide, just other surfaces of guide plate main part 402 except that cutting guide slot 4021 lateral wall cover have the hydrophilic coating of smooth insulation.

The cutting guide groove 4021 is located in the middle of the straight part of the guide plate body 402, the section between the cutting guide groove 4021 and the guide plate body 402 is of a concave structure, the cutter point of the cutting head 202 is located in the cutting guide groove 4021, and a certain gap is left between the cutter point of the cutting head 202 and the bottom of the cutting guide groove 4021, so that an electric arc can be formed under the power-on condition, and the dura mater can be cut by the electric arc; the guide plate body 402 is further provided with two ratchet fixing baffles 4022, the two ratchet fixing baffles 4022 are arranged in a splayed shape, the two ratchet fixing baffles 4022 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the cutting guide groove 4021, and the two ratchet fixing baffles 4022 are located at corners of the upturned part at the front end of the guide plate body 402 and the middle straight part and used for limiting the left side and the right side of the ratchet 304.

The dural cutting device assembly process of the present invention comprises the steps of:

step 1: the cutting device bracket 101 is connected with the protective guide plate bracket 102 and the two positioning ratchet wheel brackets 301 by using the first bolt assembly 5, so that the cutting device bracket is prevented from moving in use; the angle obtained between the protective guide support 102 and the cutting device support 101 may be adjusted by means of the first bolt assembly 5, and similarly, the angle between the positioning ratchet support 301 and the protective guide support 102 may also be adjusted by means of the first bolt assembly 5, and the position of the positioning ratchet support 301 may be adjusted by means of the second positioning adjustment slot 3011.

Step 2: inserting the cutting head 202 into the third opening 2012 at the front end of the handle 201, then inserting the handle 201 at the rear end of the dura mater cutting device 2 between the rubber gaskets 1051 at the inner sides of the two cutting device connecting bases 105, and fixing the two cutting device connecting bases 105 and the handle 201 by using the second bolt assembly 6, so as to avoid position shift in use; the position of the tool shank 201 can be adjusted through the first positioning adjustment groove 2011, and the inclination angle of the tool shank 201 can be adjusted through the second bolt assembly 6.

And step 3: the guard guide attachment 401 of the dural guard guide 4 is inserted into the second slot 1022 at the front end of the guard guide holder 102, so that the dural guard guide 4 is fixed to the guard guide holder 102. The device is assembled.

The operation method of the dura mater cutting device comprises the following steps:

when the endocranium protection guide plate is used, after a small opening is cut in the endocranium, the endocranium protection guide plate 4 is deeply arranged under the endocranium, the front end of the endocranium protection guide plate 4 upwarps, the guide plate electrode 403 can lift the endocranium from the lower side to enable the endocranium at the front end in the advancing direction of the device to form a safe gap with brain tissue, brain tissue cannot be injured when the endocranium is cut, meanwhile, the upwarped front end can press the blood vessel downwards and shield the blood vessel below the endocranium protection guide plate 4 when the whole device is pushed forwards to meet the blood vessel on the surface of the brain tissue, the blood vessel is prevented from being injured when cutting, a smooth insulating hydrophilic coating is attached to the bottom surface of the endocranium protection guide plate 4, a hydrophilic layer can be formed between the brain tissue and the guide plate when the whole device is pushed forwards, friction is reduced to the greatest extent, and brain tissue is prevented from being injured. The dura mater protection guide plate 4 has enough width (1.5cm-2cm), the width of 0.75cm-1cm is arranged between the outer side of the dura mater protection guide plate and the cutting guide groove 4021 at the center, when the dura mater is cut, the outermost side of the dura mater protection guide plate 4 can be pushed forwards tightly to the edge of the bone window, and the dura mater cutting edge on one side of the edge of the bone window can be ensured to have enough width for suturing.

The position of the dura mater fixing device 3 is slightly adjusted by adjusting the first bolt assembly 5, so that the ratchet 304 is pressed outside the dura mater, the dura mater is clamped between the ratchet 304 and the guide main body 402 through the magnetic attraction effect, the position of the ratchet 304 is limited at the inner side by the two-side ratchet fixing baffles 4022, when the whole device is pushed forwards, the two-side ratchet 304 rolls forwards by virtue of the ratchet shaft 303, and tension towards two sides is applied to the dura mater while the dura mater is fixed, so that cutting is facilitated.

The angle between the cutting unit bracket 101 and the protective guide bracket 102 is adjusted according to the operational need, and then the cutting unit bracket 101 and the protective guide bracket 102 are fixed. The position of the dural cutting device 2 is adjusted by the second bolt assembly 6, so that the needle electrode 2022 points to the cutting guide groove 4021 with a gap of 0.1mm reserved therebetween, and then the position of the dural cutting device 2 is fixed by the second bolt assembly 6. The plug at the rear end of the device is inserted into a single-pole socket of a high-frequency electrotome, a circuit in the dura mater cutting device 2 is connected with an anode, and a support handle 1 and the dura mater protection guide plate 4 are integrally communicated with a cathode (a support lead is arranged in the support handle 1, a support electrode is arranged in a first electrode base 103 and is connected with a first electrode lead 104, one end of the support lead is connected with the support electrode, and the other end of the support lead is connected with the dura mater protection guide plate 4). At this time, the control switch 205 is started, an electric arc is formed between the needle electrode 2022 and the cutting guide groove 4021, the operator holds the stent handle 1 to push the whole device forward, the dura mater is continuously cut by the electric arc, and the electric arc burns and stops bleeding on the blood vessel at the edge of the dura mater while cutting.

Also, the ratchet 304 grips and rolls the cut dural margin with the fence body 402 during advancement of the device to enhance hemostasis. After the operation is finished, the control switch 205 is pressed again, the circuit of the dura mater cutting device 2 is closed, the first bolt assembly 5 is loosened, the dura mater fixing device 3 is lifted, and the dura mater protection guide plate 4 is pulled out from the lower part of the dura mater. The dural incision device of this embodiment is suitable for performing a supratentorial craniotomy hematoma removal procedure in an adult patient.

Example two:

in the second embodiment, the cutting head 202 is a common cutting head, the rear end of the cutting head is a cutting head connector 2021 matched with the third groove 2012, the cutting head connector 2021 is connected with the third groove 2012 in a snap-fit manner, the cutting head connector 2021 in this embodiment is a blade holder, the front end of the cutting head connector 2021 is connected with a blade 2024, as shown in fig. 18, the front end of the cutting head connector 2021 is provided with a standard surgical blade slot, and can be connected with surgical blades of various types. It should be noted that the length of the blade edge portion of the blade 2024 is greater than the tilting height of the front end of the dural guard 4, so that after the dural guard 4 is inserted into the position under the dural, the dural can contact the blade edge portion of the blade 2024 higher than the tilting position of the front end of the dural guard 4, and the dural is cut by the blade edge.

In this embodiment, since the cutting head 202 is a conventional cutting head, only a scalpel blade (11# or 12#) of a suitable type is required to be mounted on the cutting head connector 2021 (i.e., the blade holder), the tip of the adjusting blade 2024 points to the cutting guide 4021 without a gap therebetween, and the blade points to the advancing direction of the device. At this time, the first electrode base 103 and the second electrode base 203 can be removed, the operator holds the holder handle 1 to push the whole device forward, and the dura mater is continuously cut by the sharp knife edge, and the ratchet 304 and the guide plate main body 402 clamp and roll the cut edge of the dura mater to enhance the hemostatic effect during the pushing process of the device. After the use is finished, loosening the knob at the outer side of the 1-2-2 bolts, lifting 3 the dura mater fixing device, loosening the second bolt adjusting assembly 6, separating the dura mater cutting device 2 from the dura mater protection guide plate 4, and drawing out the dura mater protection guide plate 4 from the dura mater.

Example three:

this embodiment differs from the first embodiment only in that: the included angle between the middle straight portion and the front end upturned portion of the fence main body 402 is an obtuse angle, the included angle between the middle straight portion and the rear end upturned portion of the fence main body 402 is an acute angle, and the rest are the same, as shown in fig. 19.

When the dural incision device in this embodiment is mounted, the handle 201 of the dural cutting device 2 is inserted through the first through hole 1012 in the cutting device holder 1, and the handle 201 is inclined with respect to the cutting device holder 101 so that the cutting head 202 is directed towards the cutting guide 4021.

The dural incision device in this embodiment is used by cutting the dura mater in the opposite direction, and the operator pulls the entire device to cut the dura mater in the opposite direction, which is the same as the operation method in the first embodiment.

Example four:

in the fourth embodiment, on the basis of the second embodiment, a supporting component is arranged between the cutting device bracket 101 and the knife handle 201, and the supporting component is used for supporting the knife handle 201, so that the situation that the cutting head 202 is loosened under the resistance action of the dura mater when cutting the dura mater to influence the operation efficiency is avoided.

As shown in fig. 20-26, the support assembly includes a first rotating disc 7 rotatably disposed in the first through hole 1012, two support rods 8 are fixedly disposed on a left side wall of the first through hole 1012, end portions of the two support rods 8 are both provided with a T-shaped block 801, a circle of T-shaped groove 703 is disposed on a circular side surface of the first rotating disc 7 close to the support rods 8, the T-shaped block 801 and the T-shaped groove 703 are mutually matched, so that the two support rods 8 are rotatably connected with the circular side surface of the first rotating disc 7, an expansion link 9 is fixedly disposed on an edge of the first rotating disc 7 close to the knife handle 201, a support plate 10 is fixedly disposed on a top of the expansion link 9, and the support plate 10 matches with the knife handle 201 in shape; stir telescopic link 9, can drive first carousel 7 and rotate, and then adjust the inclination between telescopic link 9 and the cutting device support 101, make telescopic link 9 and handle of a knife 201 keep the mutually perpendicular state, and then make extension board 10 can laminate with handle of a knife 201, carry out effective stable support to handle of a knife 201.

The telescopic rod 9 comprises a first screw 901, an intermediate rod 902 and a top rod 903, one end of the first screw 901 is fixedly connected with the edge of the first rotating disc 7, the other end of the first screw 901 is in threaded connection with the intermediate rod 902, and the bottom of the intermediate rod 902 is provided with a thread groove 904 matched with the first screw 901; the top of the middle rod 902 is rotatably connected with the top rod 903 through a bearing 905; rotate intermediate lever 902, make it reciprocate on first screw 901, can adjust the length of whole telescopic link 9, be connected through bearing 905 between intermediate lever 902 and the ejector pin 903, can guarantee that intermediate lever 902 is at the pivoted in-process, and ejector pin 903 only reciprocates along with intermediate lever 902's rotation, and ejector pin 903 self can not take place to rotate to make roof 10 can not take place to rotate yet, avoid roof 10 to take place to rotate the back unable and handle of a knife 201 laminating support.

Further, first carousel 7 with still be equipped with spacing subassembly between the cutting device support 101, spacing subassembly is used for spacing first carousel 7, and guarantees that first carousel 7 can all carry out effective spacing after rotatory to arbitrary angle. Specifically, spacing subassembly is including seting up the spacing groove 701 of the circular side of first carousel 7, the round of spacing groove 701 is tooth structure 702, offer the through-hole that is used for push rod 11 to pass on the right side wall of cutting device support 101, be equipped with push rod 11 in the through-hole, push rod 11 with through-hole clearance fit makes push rod 11 can remove and rotate about in the through-hole, nevertheless can not take place to rock. One end of the push rod 11, which is close to the first rotary disc 7, is fixedly provided with a gear 12, the gear 12 is matched with the tooth structure 702, and when the gear 12 is inserted into the limit groove 701, the first rotary disc 7 can be limited due to the meshing effect of the gear 12 and the tooth structure 702, so that the first rotary disc 7 is prevented from rotating. One end of the push rod 11, which is far away from the first rotary table 7, is positioned outside the cutting device bracket 101, and a second rotary table 13 is fixedly arranged at one end of the push rod 11, which is far away from the first rotary table 7; a guide rod 14 is fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the cutting device support 101, an arc-shaped abdicating through hole 15 matched with the guide rod 14 is formed in the second rotary table 13, the push rod 11 and the gear 12 can be driven to rotate by rotating the second rotary table 13, so that the gear 12 can correspond to the angle of the tooth structure 702, the gear 12 can be conveniently inserted into the limiting groove 701 to lock the first rotary table 13, when the first rotary table 13 needs to be rotated, the second rotary table 13 is pulled outwards to enable the gear 12 to be separated from the limiting groove 701, and the first rotary table 13 is in an unlocking state; in the rotating process of the second rotating disc 13, the guide rod 14 is always positioned in the abdicating through hole 15, and in order to avoid the separation of the guide rod 14 and the abdicating through hole 15 when the second rotating disc 13 is pulled outwards, a stop block 1401 is arranged at the end part of the guide rod 14.

After the gear 12 is inserted into the limiting groove 701, in order to avoid the rotation of the overall structure formed by the second rotary disc 13, the push rod 11, the gear 12 and the first rotary disc 7, the outer fixed sleeve of the second rotary disc 13 is provided with a circle of flexible pads 16, meanwhile, two thread sleeves 17 are further fixedly arranged on the cutting device support 101, the two thread sleeves 17 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the second rotary disc 13, each thread sleeve 17 is internally provided with a second threaded rod 18 in a threaded connection manner, each threaded rod 18 is close to one end of each flexible pad 16 and is provided with a trapezoidal block 19, and one face, close to the flexible pads 16, of the trapezoidal block 19 is of an inclined plane structure. Two second threaded rods 18 are rotated, two trapezoidal blocks 19 are extruded and embedded into the flexible pad 16, because the contact surface of the trapezoidal blocks 19 and the flexible pad 16 is of an inclined plane structure, under the extrusion and friction effects between the trapezoidal blocks 19 and the flexible pad 16, the flexible pad 16 can be limited, the second rotary table 13 is prevented from rotating, when the second rotary table 13 is limited, the second rotary table 13, the push rod 11, the overall structure formed by the gear 12 and the first rotary table 7 is also limited, and the direction of the telescopic rod 9 can not be changed in the operation process. The flexible pad 16 may be a soft rubber pad, and the flexible pad 16 may be restored to its shape when the trapezoidal blocks 19 are withdrawn from the flexible pad 16.

The working principle of the supporting component in the invention is as follows: when the support assembly is used, the gear 12 is firstly pulled out of the limiting groove 701, the length of the telescopic rod 9 is adjusted according to the installation angle of the knife handle 201, the telescopic rod 9 is shifted to drive the first rotary disc 7 to rotate, the direction of the telescopic rod 9 is adjusted to enable the support plate 10 to be attached to the bottom of the knife handle 201, then the second rotary disc 13 is rotated to drive the push rod 11 and the gear 12 to rotate, the gear 12 can correspond to the angle of the tooth structure 702, the gear 12 is inserted into the limiting groove 701, and the first rotary disc 13 is locked; and finally, rotating the two second threaded rods 18 to enable the two trapezoidal blocks 19 to be extruded and embedded into the flexible pad 16, and limiting the second rotary table 13.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (10)

1. A dura mater incision device for neurosurgery, characterized in that: the dura mater cutting device comprises a support handle (1), a dura mater cutting device (2), a dura mater fixing device (3) and a dura mater protection guide plate (4), wherein the rear end of the dura mater cutting device (2) is detachably connected with the rear end of the support handle (1), the rear end of the dura mater protection guide plate (4) is detachably connected with the front end of the support handle (1), and the dura mater protection guide plate (4) is provided with a cutting guide groove (4021) for limiting the dura mater cutting device (2); the back end of the dura mater fixing device (3) is detachably connected with the support handle (1), and the front end of the dura mater fixing device (3) is movably connected with the dura mater protection guide plate (4).

2. The dural incision device of claim 1, wherein: the support handle (1) comprises a cutting device support (101) and a protective guide plate support (102), the front end of the cutting device support (101) is detachably connected with the rear end of the protective guide plate support (102) through a first bolt assembly (5), a first electrode base (103) is arranged at the rear end of the cutting device support (101), and a first electrode lead (104) is connected to the first electrode base (103); the middle part of the cutting device bracket (101) is provided with a long strip-shaped first through hole (1012), the edges of the left side and the right side of the first through hole (1012) are symmetrically provided with two cutting device connecting bases (105), and the dura mater cutting device (2) is detachably connected with the two cutting device connecting bases (105) through a second bolt assembly (6); the rear end of the dura mater protection guide plate (4) is detachably connected with the front end of the protection guide plate bracket (102); the rear end of the dura mater fixing device (3) is detachably connected with the rear end of the protective guide bracket (102) and the front end of the cutting device bracket (101).

3. The dural incision device of claim 2, wherein: the front end of the cutting device bracket (101) is of a convex structure, the rear end of the protective guide plate bracket (102) is provided with a first open groove (1021) matched with the shape of the front end of the cutting device bracket (101), and the front end of the cutting device bracket (101) is detachably inserted into the first open groove (1021); the front end of the protective guide plate bracket (102) is provided with a second slot (1022) for fixing the dura mater protective guide plate (4).

4. The dural incision device of claim 3, wherein: first locating hole (1011) of intercommunication about cutting device support (101) are close to front end department and have been seted up, protection baffle support (102) are close to rear end department and have seted up two second locating holes (1023), two second locating hole (1023) symmetric distribution is in the both sides of first fluting (1021), first locating hole (1011) and two pass through between second locating hole (1023) first bolt components (5) can dismantle the connection.

5. The dural incision device of claim 4, wherein: the dura mater cutting device (2) comprises a cutter handle (201), a cutting head (202) is detachably mounted at the front end of the cutter handle (201), a second electrode base (203) is arranged at the rear end of the cutter handle (201), and a second electrode lead (204) is connected to the second electrode base (203); a first positioning adjusting groove (2011) which is communicated left and right is formed in the cutter handle (201), and the first positioning adjusting groove (2011) is detachably connected with the two cutting device connecting bases (105) through a second bolt assembly (6); the knife handle (201) is also provided with a control switch (205);

the front end of handle of a knife (201) is seted up and is used for the installation third fluting (2012) of cutting head (202), the rear end of cutting head (202) be equipped with third fluting (2012) assorted cutting head connector (2021).

6. The dural incision device of claim 5, wherein: the dura mater fixing device (3) comprises two positioning ratchet supports (301), the two positioning ratchet supports (301) are respectively detachably connected to the left side and the right side of the protection guide plate support (102), and the two positioning ratchet supports (301) are also detachably connected with the protection guide plate support (102) through the first bolt assembly (5); two through connecting rod (302) fixed connection, and two between the front end of location ratchet support (301) all is equipped with ratchet axle (303), two ratchet axle (303) are eight style of calligraphy structures, every all rotate on ratchet axle (303) and be equipped with ratchet (304), ratchet (304) are the material of inhaling.

7. The dural incision device of claim 6, wherein: second location adjustment groove (3011), two of intercommunication about location ratchet support (301) are close to rear end department and have been seted up location adjustment groove (3011) with first locating hole (1011), two pass through between second locating hole (1023) first bolt assembly (5) can dismantle the connection.

8. The dural incision device of claim 7, wherein: the dura mater protective guide plate (4) comprises a protective guide plate connector (401), a guide plate main body (402) and a guide plate electrode (403), wherein the protective guide plate connector is used for being connected with the support handle (1), the guide plate main body (402) is of a structure with two ends upwarping and a middle straight, the front end of the guide plate main body (402) is connected with the guide plate electrode (403), and the rear end of the guide plate main body (402) is connected with the protective guide plate connector (401); the cutting guide groove (4021) is located at a middle position of the straight portion of the fence body (402); the guide plate body (402) is further provided with two ratchet wheel fixing baffles (4022), the two ratchet wheel fixing baffles (4022) are arranged in a splayed shape, and the two ratchet wheel fixing baffles (4022) are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the cutting guide groove (4021).

9. The dural incision device of claim 5, wherein: a supporting component is arranged between the cutting device support (101) and the knife handle (201), the supporting component comprises a first rotating disc (7) rotatably arranged in a first through hole (1012), two supporting rods (8) are fixedly arranged on the left side wall of the first through hole (1012), the two supporting rods (8) are rotatably connected with the circular side face of the first rotating disc (7), an expansion link (9) is fixedly arranged on the edge of the first rotating disc (7) close to the knife handle (201), a supporting plate (10) is fixedly arranged at the top of the expansion link (9), and the supporting plate (10) is matched with the knife handle (201) in shape; the telescopic rod (9) comprises a first screw rod (901), an intermediate rod (902) and a top rod (903), one end of the first screw rod (901) is fixedly connected with the edge of the first turntable (7), the other end of the first screw rod (901) is in threaded connection with the intermediate rod (902), and the bottom of the intermediate rod (902) is provided with a thread groove (904) matched with the first screw rod (901); the top of the middle rod (902) is rotatably connected with the top rod (903) through a bearing (905);

a limiting assembly is further arranged between the first rotary disc (7) and the cutting device bracket (101).

10. The dural incision device of claim 9, wherein: the limiting assembly comprises a limiting groove (701) formed in the circular side face of the first rotary table (7), a tooth structure (702) is arranged in one circle of the limiting groove (701), a push rod (11) is movably connected to the cutting device support (101), the push rod (11) penetrates through the cutting device support (101), a gear (12) is fixedly arranged at one end, close to the first rotary table (7), of the push rod (11), the gear (12) is matched with the tooth structure (702), one end, far away from the first rotary table (7), of the push rod (11) is located on the outer side of the cutting device support (101), and a second rotary table (13) is fixedly arranged at one end, far away from the first rotary table (7), of the push rod (11); a guide rod (14) is fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the cutting device support (101), an arc-shaped abdicating through hole (15) matched with the guide rod (14) is formed in the second rotary table (13), and a ring of flexible pad (16) is fixedly sleeved outside the second rotary table (13); two thread sleeves (17) are further fixedly arranged on the cutting device support (101), the two thread sleeves (17) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the second rotary table (13), each thread sleeve (17) is internally and uniformly connected with a second threaded rod (18) in a threaded manner, each threaded rod (18) is close to one end of the flexible pad (16) and is fixedly provided with a trapezoidal block (19), and one surface, close to the flexible pad (16), of the trapezoidal block (19) is of an inclined plane structure.

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