CN114640009A - Low-loss immersion type liquid cooling laser gain pool - Google Patents
Low-loss immersion type liquid cooling laser gain pool Download PDFInfo
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- CN114640009A CN114640009A CN202011484921.1A CN202011484921A CN114640009A CN 114640009 A CN114640009 A CN 114640009A CN 202011484921 A CN202011484921 A CN 202011484921A CN 114640009 A CN114640009 A CN 114640009A
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- laser
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- gain
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- sealing window
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/02—Constructional details
- H01S3/04—Arrangements for thermal management
- H01S3/042—Arrangements for thermal management for solid state lasers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/02—Constructional details
- H01S3/04—Arrangements for thermal management
- H01S3/0407—Liquid cooling, e.g. by water
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/14—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range characterised by the material used as the active medium
- H01S3/16—Solid materials
- H01S3/163—Solid materials characterised by a crystal matrix
- H01S3/164—Solid materials characterised by a crystal matrix garnet
- H01S3/1643—YAG
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/14—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range characterised by the material used as the active medium
- H01S3/16—Solid materials
- H01S3/1685—Ceramics
Abstract
The invention provides a low-loss immersion type liquid cooling laser gain pool. The invention is composed of a plurality of gain medium crystal plates, a pumping light sealing window, a laser sealing window and an external mechanical frame. High-threshold laser medium films are plated on the surfaces of the gain medium crystal wafers, the pumping sealing window and the laser sealing window, so that lossless transmission of pumping light and laser is realized. When a laser utilizing the gain cell works, low-temperature cooling liquid flows through a plurality of gain medium crystal slices along the vertical direction to realize temperature control, pumping light excites the gain medium crystal slices through a pumping sealing window, a laser resonant cavity extracts energy of the gain medium crystal slices through the laser sealing window, the laser passes through the laser resonant cavity without loss, and the laser is output from the laser resonant cavity. The invention has simple and compact structure, is easy to be collimated and adjusted and is convenient for practical engineering application; meanwhile, the laser utilizing the gain cell has the advantages of high integral light-light efficiency, high slope efficiency, high output laser power and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser, in particular to a laser gain cell unit component which comprises a low-loss technology and is used for cooling a solid gain medium sheet by flowing low-temperature liquid.
Background
Generally, a laser consists of a pump source, a laser gain component, and a laser resonator. The gain component in the laser is the core of the laser, and the gain medium absorbs energy under the excitation of the energy of the pump source. When the laser is in a working state, energy is extracted by the laser resonant cavity to form laser oscillation output. The reasonable distribution design of the gain medium in the gain part is beneficial to improving the energy rate of the absorption pump; the gain component has reasonable structural design and is beneficial to the energy extraction of the laser resonant cavity. Conversely, when the gain cell component is lossy to laser, the laser output power and slope efficiency are limited.
The loss of the gain component to the laser oscillation is often caused by the following factors: (1) the loss of the laser light by the gain medium itself. For example, the gain medium is not uniform, or the laser gain medium has microscopic defects or bubbles, and the like, and the laser is scattered; (2) interface loss at the laser gain medium interface. (3) In addition to the above reasons, the specific energy level structure of some particular gain media itself may also contribute to the reabsorption loss of the laser light. For example, in the 1030nm emission line of a solid-state Yb: YAG material, when the laser gain medium is not sufficiently excited, reabsorption loss is generated for 1030nm laser light due to the particle number density distribution existing at the lower energy level of the laser light.
In order to reduce the loss generated by the laser gain medium, the engineer adopts various ways to design the gain component. The non-uniformity of the gain medium material and other reasons can be realized by changing the processing technology of the gain medium. The reabsorption loss of the laser caused by the energy level structure of the laser medium can be improved by reasonably distributing the pumping energy.
And the immersion type liquid cooling laser cools the laser gain medium through flowing low-temperature liquid, so that the temperature control of the laser gain medium component is realized. The laser has the advantages of high output power, small volume, high efficiency, good beam quality, easy engineering amplification and the like. In this type of laser, to achieve high laser power operation, the gain medium loss is generally reduced in several ways: (1) and the low-loss operation of the laser gain medium component is realized by utilizing a Brinell angle working mode. In this mode of operation, the laser beam travels through the interface between the gain medium and the coolant at a specific angle as it travels through the lasing medium, and high transmittance operation of the laser is achieved. In the working mode, the laser light has a definite angle relation with the interface between the laser gain medium and the cooling liquid, so that the arrangement direction of the gain medium sheets is limited, and the design of the gain cell is restricted. The so-called berkovich angle is for two media, and in immersion liquid-cooled lasers, the laser light often passes through at least three (including at least the gain medium plate, the cooling liquid, and the gain element window) or more optical media. In this case, the direction of the laser beam does not run exactly at the Brinell angle between the two media, but at an angle at which the maximum of the combined transmission of the multiple media is present, which is often close to, but not exactly equal to, the Brinell angle between the two media. At this time, the transmittance of the gain medium system cannot reach the transmittance of the theoretical Brinell angle working state. Even so, on some special optical surfaces, such as gain cell windows, there is a need to plate high transmittance films for the laser wavelength. (2) And liquid matched with the refractive index of the gain medium is used as cooling liquid to realize high-transmittance design of the gain cell. The gain component with low loss realized by the method often has very high transmittance, even close to a theoretical value. In general, however, liquids having such refractive indices tend to be difficult to find. Even if index matching fluids are found, they are often affected by physical properties in other respects, limiting the practical application of such matching fluids. Meanwhile, the liquid may bring about hazards such as high viscosity and toxicity, and further engineering amplification of the liquid is limited.
In conclusion, the high-transmittance gain cell with reasonable design is selected, so that the method has important significance for improving the laser output power of the immersion type liquid-cooled laser and improving the luminous efficiency; the method has very important significance for the practical engineering amplification application of the laser.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the importance of high transmittance characteristic of a gain medium component in the immersion type liquid-cooled laser and the defects of several conventional high transmittance gain medium component design modes, the invention provides a low-loss immersion type liquid-cooled laser gain cell, aiming at solving the problems of complicated gain cell structure, limitation of cooling liquid types, possible toxicity and the like possibly existing in the existing several gain cell design modes. The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:
the utility model provides a low-loss immersion liquid cooling laser instrument gain pond, includes outside frame and sets up in its inside along the multiple-disc gain medium piece that vertical direction placed, the left and right sides of multiple-disc gain medium piece is equipped with the pump light sealing window that is used for passing through the pump light, the front and back both sides of multiple-disc gain medium piece are equipped with the laser sealing window that is used for passing through laser.
Further, the low-temperature liquid flows through the surface of the gain medium sheet along the vertical direction, and a laser antireflection film aiming at the laser wavelength is plated between the gain medium sheet and the cooling liquid.
Furthermore, the gain medium pieces are arranged at equal intervals.
Furthermore, the gain medium sheet is made of a solid laser gain medium.
Further, the gain medium sheet is made of laser transparent ceramic.
Furthermore, the gain medium sheet is made of Nd-YAG crystal, and the laser working wavelength is 1064 nm.
Furthermore, the gain medium sheet is made of Yb-YAG crystal, and the laser working wavelength is 1030 nm.
Further, the material of the pump light sealing window comprises fused silica material.
Furthermore, the inner side and the outer side of the pump light sealing window are respectively plated with a laser medium film aiming at the wavelength of the pump light, and the optical medium films plated on the inner surface and the outer surface of the pump light sealing window are determined based on the material of the gain medium sheet.
Further, the material of the laser sealing window comprises a fused quartz material and a fluoride material.
The gain cell in the design of the invention has simple design and construction, simple and easy machining, convenient actual operation, simple and convenient installation and adjustment of the laser and easy operation; meanwhile, the type of the cooling liquid of the gain pool is not limited, and the reliability and the safety of the laser installation operation process can be effectively improved. The low-temperature cooling liquid flows through the equal-interval slits among the gain medium pieces and flows through the surfaces of the medium pieces in the vertical direction to cool the gain medium pieces. The high-transmittance laser medium film on the surface of the medium sheet is designed aiming at a specific gain medium material and specific low-temperature cooling liquid. When laser light passes through the gain medium sheet and the cryogenic liquid through the interface, no additional loss is generated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gain cell of a low-loss immersion liquid-cooled laser according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a gain medium sheet; 2. a pump light sealing window; 3. sealing the window by laser; 4. a mechanical frame.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment discloses an immersion type liquid-cooled laser gain cell using a low-temperature liquid flowing in a vertical direction to cool a gain medium sheet, which includes a plurality of gain medium sheets 1, a pump light sealing window 2, a laser sealing window 3 and a mechanical frame 4. The gain medium sheet comprises a mechanical frame and a plurality of gain medium sheets arranged in the mechanical frame and placed along the vertical direction, wherein pump light sealing windows for passing pump light are arranged on the left side and the right side of the gain medium sheets, and laser sealing windows for passing laser are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the gain medium sheets. When the gain cell is placed in an optical resonant cavity of a laser, cooling liquid cools gain medium slices along the vertical direction, pumping light is injected by pumping light in a sealing mode to excite a plurality of gain crystal slices, and the resonant cavity extracts energy of the gain medium slices through a laser sealing window to form laser output.
The low-temperature liquid flows through the surface of the gain medium sheet along the vertical direction, and a laser antireflection film aiming at laser wavelength is plated between the gain medium sheet and the cooling liquid.
The gain medium pieces are arranged at equal intervals.
The gain medium sheet is made of a solid laser gain medium. The gain medium is typically a crystal doped with a concentration of rare earth ions having a strong absorption band for the pump laser wavelength and a sharp fluorescence emission line for the laser wavelength. In this embodiment, the gain medium sheet is processed into a rectangular sheet, and a plurality of sheets are stacked at equal intervals. But are not limited to, crystalline or laser transparent ceramics. For example, it may be, but not limited to, Nd: YAG crystal (transparent ceramic) or Yb: YAG crystal (transparent ceramic), etc.; the optical medium films on the surfaces of the gain medium sheets 1 are different, the high transmittance characteristics of the optical medium films are specific to specific wavelengths, and if the plurality of gain medium sheets adopt Nd: YAG materials, and the laser working wavelength of the optical medium films is 1064nm, the optical medium films between the gain medium sheets and the cooling liquid have high transmittance to 1064 nm.
The material of the pump light sealing window comprises fused silica material. According to different materials of the gain medium sheets, the wavelength of pump light absorbed by the gain medium sheets is different, and then different sealing window materials need to be selected. If the plurality of gain medium sheets adopt Nd: YAG materials, the pumping light wavelength effectively absorbed by the gain medium sheets is 808nm, fused quartz materials can be selected as the pumping sealing window materials.
The laser medium films aiming at the pump light wavelength are plated on the outer sides of the inner sides of the pump light sealing windows, the gain medium sheets are made of different materials and absorb different pump light wavelengths, and the optical medium films plated on the inner surfaces and the outer surfaces of the pump light sealing windows are determined based on the materials of the gain medium sheets.
The material of the laser sealing window comprises a fused quartz material and a fluoride material. Specifically, the laser wavelength of the gain cell is different according to the material of the gain medium sheet, and the material of the laser sealing window to be selected may also be different. If the plurality of gain medium sheets adopt Nd, namely YAG materials, and the laser working wavelength of the gain medium sheets is 1064nm, fused quartz materials can be selected as laser sealing window materials; if the plurality of gain medium sheets adopt Er-YAG materials, when the laser working wavelength is 2.9 microns, the fused quartz materials are selected to cause strong absorption to the laser; in this case, a fluoride material may be selected as the laser sealing window material.
The low-loss immersion liquid-cooled laser gain cell disclosed in this embodiment can be applied to, but not limited to, lasers with various working modes such as continuous, quasi-continuous, Q-switched, mode-locked and the like and with different energy scales.
Example 1
Nd pumped with a laser diode at wavelength 808 nm: YAG immersion liquid-cooled 1064nm laser is taken as an example. The plurality of gain medium sheets 1 are Nd: YAG crystal material as the core element in the gain cell of laser consists of several well polished Nd-YAG crystal slices, each of which is rectangular, the length of the rectangle is 100mm, the width is 20mm, the thickness is 2mm, the slices are arranged along the thickness direction at equal intervals, the interval is 1mm, and the slit for low temperature cooling liquid to flow through is formed. In the crystal flake series, a surface with the size of 100mm x 20mm is a surface through which the laser passes, and a high damage threshold laser dielectric film aiming at the laser with the wavelength of 1064nm is plated to realize the high transmittance of the laser with the wavelength; the surface with the size of 2mm x 20mm is the surface through which pump light with the wavelength of 808nm passes, and a high-transmittance laser dielectric film aiming at the pump light with the wavelength of 808nm is plated on the surface;
in the slit with the distance of 1mm between the gain medium sheets, low-temperature liquid flowing along the vertical direction and passing through the surface of the crystal sheet exists. The cooling liquid can remove heat generated in the laser working process, so that the laser gain cell body is maintained in a certain low-temperature state to ensure the normal working of the laser.
The pumping light sealing windows 2 are arranged at the left side and the right side of the gain medium sheets 1, and pumping light passes through the sealing windows at the two sides. Two sides of the pump light sealing window 2 are plated with high-transmittance laser dielectric films aiming at 808nm pump light, so that high-transmittance injection of 808nm pump light into the plurality of gain dielectric sheets 1 is realized.
The laser sealing windows 3 are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the gain medium sheets 1 and are made of quartz materials. The two sides of the laser sealing window 3 are plated with high-transmittance laser dielectric films of laser with the wavelength of 1064nm, so that the high-transmittance operation of the laser in the working process of the laser is realized.
The surfaces of the multiple gain medium crystal wafers 1 are plated with high-threshold laser medium films aiming at a low-temperature cooling liquid-Nd-YAG interface, and the surfaces of the films are plated with compact fused quartz protective layers, so that lossless passing of laser can be realized, and the gain medium crystal wafers have the advantages of firmness and high damage-resistant threshold value.
The outer surface (i.e. the surface facing the source direction of the pump light) of the pump light sealing window 2 is plated with a pump light high-transmittance dielectric film aiming at an air-quartz interface, and the inner surface (i.e. the surface facing a plurality of gain dielectric sheets) of the pump light sealing window is plated with a pump light high-transmittance dielectric film aiming at a quartz-cooling liquid interface.
The laser sealing window 3 is coated with a high-transmittance dielectric film corresponding to the laser working wavelength and aiming at the air-quartz interface on the outer surface (namely the surface which is contacted with the air in working), and coated with a high-transmittance dielectric film corresponding to the laser working wavelength and aiming at the quartz-cooling liquid interface on the inner surface (namely the surface facing the interior of the gain tank).
The films plated on the two sides of the pump light sealing window 2 and the laser sealing window 3 also belong to optical films with high damage threshold values, and have the advantages of firmness and high damage threshold resistance.
The mechanical structure frame 4 is a metal mechanical element, and is a mechanical support structure designed according to the specific number of the gain medium sheets 1 and the specific shapes and sizes of the pump light sealing window 2 and the laser sealing window 3. Has the following functions: (1) controlling the distance between the gain medium sheets; controlling the distance between the gain medium sheet 1 and the pumping light sealing windows 2 on the two sides of the gain medium sheet; controlling the distance between the gain medium crystal wafer 1 and the laser sealing windows 3 in front of and behind the gain medium crystal wafer; (2) the gain medium crystal wafer 1, the pumping sealing window 2 and the laser sealing window 3 are connected and integrated, and the cooling liquid is enabled to flow through the surface of the gain medium wafer along the vertical direction without leakage; (3) ensuring the relative orientation relation among the gain medium sheet 1, the pump light sealing window 2 and the laser sealing window 3;
after the clamping and the adjustment of the gain cell of the low-loss laser are completed, the low-loss laser is placed in a laser resonant cavity, when pumping light injects energy into the gain cell through a pumping light sealing window 2, a gain medium crystal wafer 1 is excited, energy extraction is carried out through the laser resonant cavity, and laser passes through a laser sealing window 3 and laser energy is output from an output mirror.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
The technical scheme disclosed by the embodiment overcomes the defects of complex structure, difficult design and processing, limitation on the laser operating angle and the like generated by a conventional laser gain cell utilizing a Brinell angle or a near Brinell angle working mode, and overcomes the limitation and application risks caused by viscosity, toxicity and the like of low-temperature cooling liquid utilizing a specific refractive index.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a low-loss immersion liquid cooling laser instrument gain pond, its characterized in that includes outside frame and sets up in its inside along the multiple-disc gain medium piece that vertical direction placed, the left and right sides of multiple-disc gain medium piece is equipped with the pump light sealing window that is used for passing through the pump light, the front and back both sides of multiple-disc gain medium piece are equipped with the laser sealing window that is used for passing through the laser.
2. The low-loss immersion liquid-cooled laser gain cell of claim 1, wherein the cryogenic liquid flows over the surface of the gain medium plate in a vertical direction, and a laser antireflection film for the laser wavelength is plated between the gain medium plate and the cooling liquid.
3. The low loss immersion liquid cooled laser gain cell of claim 1, wherein the gain medium plates are equally spaced and arranged.
4. The low-loss immersion liquid-cooled laser gain cell of claim 1, wherein the gain medium sheet is made of a solid laser gain medium.
5. The low-loss immersion liquid-cooled laser gain cell of claim 1, wherein the material of said gain medium plate comprises a laser transparent ceramic.
6. The low loss immersion liquid cooled laser gain cell of claim 1, wherein the gain medium plate comprises Nd-YAG crystal, and the laser wavelength is 1064 nm.
7. The low loss immersion liquid-cooled laser gain cell of claim 1, wherein the gain medium plate comprises Yb to YAG crystal, and the laser operating wavelength is 1030 nm.
8. The low loss immersion liquid-cooled laser gain cell of claim 1, wherein the material of said pump light confinement window comprises fused silica material.
9. The low-loss immersion liquid-cooled laser gain cell as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the inner and outer sides of the pumping light sealing window are plated with laser medium films for the wavelength of the pumping light, and the optical medium films plated on the inner and outer surfaces of the pumping light sealing window are determined based on the material of the gain medium sheet.
10. The low loss immersion liquid-cooled laser gain cell of claim 1, wherein the material of said laser sealing window comprises fused silica material, fluoride material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011484921.1A CN114640009A (en) | 2020-12-15 | 2020-12-15 | Low-loss immersion type liquid cooling laser gain pool |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011484921.1A CN114640009A (en) | 2020-12-15 | 2020-12-15 | Low-loss immersion type liquid cooling laser gain pool |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114640009A true CN114640009A (en) | 2022-06-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202011484921.1A Pending CN114640009A (en) | 2020-12-15 | 2020-12-15 | Low-loss immersion type liquid cooling laser gain pool |
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2020
- 2020-12-15 CN CN202011484921.1A patent/CN114640009A/en active Pending
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