CN114638122A - Waste quarry rock slope treatment and ecological restoration integrated design method - Google Patents

Waste quarry rock slope treatment and ecological restoration integrated design method Download PDF

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CN114638122A
CN114638122A CN202210342931.4A CN202210342931A CN114638122A CN 114638122 A CN114638122 A CN 114638122A CN 202210342931 A CN202210342931 A CN 202210342931A CN 114638122 A CN114638122 A CN 114638122A
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刘士亮
李维国
张文慧
陈俊光
毛德强
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Abstract

The invention relates to an integrated design method for treatment and ecological restoration of a rock slope of a waste quarry, which comprises the following steps: determining a treatment and restoration area of a waste quarry, determining geological disaster types induced by different areas based on the elevation of the area, and defining a slope instability-prone area and a slope stability area based on the geological disaster types, the regional climate and the ecological environment characteristics; and aiming at the easy-instability region of the side slope, a pre-stressed anchor rod reinforcing scheme is formulated to ensure the stability of the side slope, and an ecological restoration design method of the whole rock side slope is provided by combining the topographic and geological characteristics of the stable region of the side slope, so that the treatment and restoration of the abandoned quarry are completed. The invention can effectively solve the problems of singleness, non-systematicness and non-integrity in the field of waste mine treatment and ecological restoration.

Description

Waste quarry rock slope treatment and ecological restoration integrated design method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mine treatment and ecological restoration, in particular to an integrated design method for treatment and ecological restoration of a rock slope of a waste quarry.
Background
The development and utilization of mineral resources are beneficial to promoting the development of national economy, and simultaneously, the natural ecological environment is greatly influenced, so that a large number of geological environment problems of mines and even geological disasters are generated. The rock mass is deformed due to the exploitation of the sandstone, and geological disasters such as collapse and the like are easily induced; the soil for plant growth in the pit is very little, and the vegetation is barren; the original stope plants are cut down completely, and the water and soil loss is serious; the waste rock heap, rock dust and slag are visible everywhere in the stope, and the air pollution is serious. Therefore, the method has important significance for treating and repairing the quarry and protecting the mine environment and the utilization of the mine ecological resources.
With the promotion and development of the national ecological civilization construction, the ecological restoration of the mine is paid attention to and paid attention to. At present, most of researches are focused on slope treatment in a waste open-pit quarry, ecological restoration or simple anchor spraying greening is often ignored, and an integrated design method of treatment and ecological restoration is lacked. It will thus be seen that the prior art is susceptible to further improvement and enhancement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an integrated design method for waste quarry rock slope treatment and ecological restoration, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a waste quarry rock slope treatment and ecological restoration integrated design method comprises the following steps:
determining a treatment and restoration area of a waste quarry, determining geological disaster types induced by different areas based on the field elevation of the area, and defining a slope instability-prone area and a slope stable area based on the geological disaster types, the regional climate and ecological environment characteristics;
aiming at the easy instability area of the side slope, a pre-stressed anchor rod reinforcing scheme is made to ensure the stability of the side slope, and an ecological restoration design method of the whole rock side slope is provided by combining the topographic and geological features of the stable area of the side slope, so that the treatment and restoration of the abandoned quarry are completed.
Preferably, the types of geological disasters induced by the different areas are obtained by collecting geological survey data and physical mechanical index test data, wherein the geological survey data and the physical mechanical index test data comprise: slope section inclination angle, slope section length, slope lithology, rock stratum occurrence, rock mass weak structural plane, thickness, weight, cohesive force and internal friction angle.
Preferably, the slope stability of the slope instability area and the slope stability area is comprehensively judged based on a bathochromic projection method, a limit balance method and a Geo5 rock-soil software numerical calculation method.
Preferably, the process of legally analyzing the slope stability based on the declination projection includes: and obtaining the spatial relationship between the side slope and the structural plane of the research area by the declination projection method, analyzing whether the side slope of the research area is controlled by the weak structural plane by combining with the wedge formed by cutting the structural plane, and obtaining the inclination and the inclination angle of the joint crack of the rock mass by combining with the development condition of the joint crack of the rock mass.
Preferably, for a plane sliding landslide with two groups of structural surfaces, the stability of the side slope is calculated by adopting the limit balance method: firstly, dividing the two groups of structural surfaces into a main sliding surface and an auxiliary sliding surface, establishing a directional force balance equation, and calculating to obtain a slope stability safety coefficient through the directional force balance equation; and calculating the safety coefficient of the slope stability by adopting an unbalanced thrust method when the slope with the internal structure surface slides.
Preferably, the process of analyzing the stability of the slope by using the Geo5 geotechnical software numerical calculation method includes: selecting a rock slope stability analysis plate in Geo5 rock software, selecting a national standard and a method for reflecting sliding, solving the safety coefficient by a limit balance method, obtaining the slope and the internal parameter information of the slope according to a geotechnical engineering physical observation report, and obtaining the slope type and the slope calculation safety coefficient.
Preferably, the process of establishing prestressed anchor reinforcement for the slope instability prone area comprises the following steps: designing an anchor rod reinforcing scheme, adopting a prestressed anchor rod for reinforcement, calculating the axial prestress of the anchor rod, the diameter of a reinforcing steel bar of the anchor rod, the anchoring length of an anchoring body and a stratum, and determining the horizontal distance of anchor rod support through support checking calculation.
Preferably, plant growing holes can be further arranged on the anchor bolt support for the volatile and stable area of the side slope, and a pit type greening scheme is designed according to the side slope condition for reinforcing the stability of the side slope and completing ecological restoration of the volatile and stable area of the side slope.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method overcomes the defects that in the prior art, only unilateral treatment of rock slope stability or ecological restoration is considered, integration of rock slope stability and ecological restoration, systematic design, treatment and the like are not considered, combines the stability analysis of the abandoned mine rock slope with the ecological restoration design, provides a method for analyzing the stability of the abandoned mine rock slope and treating a support, further combines a stable rock slope and geological and topographic conditions thereof, provides an ecological restoration design scheme, and realizes integration, systematic design and treatment of the stability of the abandoned mine rock slope and the ecological restoration;
the invention can effectively solve the problems of singleness, non-systematicness and non-integrity in the field of waste mine treatment and ecological restoration; meanwhile, the rock slope stabilization and restoration are integrally designed and managed, so that the construction process is continuous, and compared with single-process construction, the factors such as construction preparation, engineering quantity and design cost are obviously reduced. Therefore, the method for integrally designing the stability treatment and ecological restoration of the waste mine rock slope can effectively realize the dual goals of the stability and ecological restoration of the waste mine rock slope and further powerfully promote the important strategy of national ecological civilization construction.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of steps of a waste quarry rock slope treatment and ecological restoration integrated design method according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a treatment area of a selected quarry in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of two sets of structural surfaces of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a plan view of a flat projection of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of calculation of stability of a rock slope with sliding double structural surfaces according to an embodiment of the invention;
figure 6 is a schematic view of a bolting design according to an embodiment of the invention, where 1-6 show the placement of rebar bolts;
FIG. 7 is a sectional view of area A abatement apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a treatment zone B according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a partition diagram of zone C according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a value generating hole arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a detailed view of the greening of the planting holes according to the embodiment of the present invention;
figure 12 is a sectional view of a more gentle slope excavation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides an integrated design method for waste quarry rock slope treatment and ecological restoration, which comprises the following steps:
s1, defining an area range to be treated and restored by the abandoned quarry, investigating the climate type, the proper vegetation type and the like of the area where the abandoned quarry is located, analyzing the ecological environment characteristics of the quarry such as soil, vegetation and surrounding environment, and the like, and specifically comprising the following steps:
the quarry selected in this embodiment forms a high and steep side slope in the historical quarrying activities, and the lithology of the side slope is medium-strong weathered granite. The length of the side slope is about 241m, the height of the side slope is 526m, the slope is mostly concentrated at 60-89 degrees, the elevation is +155.35+184.60m, and the vertical surface area of the side slope is 1707m2The slope is locally inclined, the whole trend of the regional slope is 20 degrees, loose deposits of a fourth system on the slope top cover about 0.5m, the rock mass structure of the original mountain is damaged by quarrying activity, the surface of a rock mass joint crack development rock mass is broken, the rock mass is locally collapsed, and the quarrying activity causes the quarrying activity, so that the quarrying flat slope rock mass is broken due to blasting mining. The surface mountain body cracks develop, and the extension length is 0.2 m-1.0 m. The treatment area is now divided into three areas, namely area A, area B and area C, as shown in figure 2.
S2, dividing geological disaster types possibly induced by different block areas according to different elevations of the abandoned quarry, such as slope instability (the general gradient is more than 40 degrees), rock rolling, water and soil erosion and the like;
s3, defining a slope instability-prone area, and collecting geological survey data and physical and mechanical index test data, wherein the data are as follows: the method comprises the following steps of (1) slope section inclination angle, slope section length, slope lithology, rock stratum occurrence, rock mass weak structural plane, thickness, gravity, cohesive force, internal friction angle and other parameters:
according to the test result and the actual situation of the engineering, selecting a reasonable rock-soil physical mechanical index. In the engineering, according to a geotechnical engineering physical observation report, relevant parameter indexes are valued according to the following table, wherein the table 1 is a rock stratum information table, and the table 2 is a structural plane information table.
TABLE 1
Rock formation Thickness (m) Severe (KN/m)3)
1 35 25
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0003575545360000061
S4, respectively qualitatively and quantitatively analyzing the determined slope instability possibility based on the plano projection method, the limit balance method and the Geo5 rock-soil software numerical calculation method, and comprehensively judging the slope stability based on the analysis results of the three methods, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
according to field exploration, the structural surface most likely to slide is selected in a manner of planar sliding with two sets of structural surfaces, as shown schematically in fig. 3.
S41, slope stability is analyzed by a red flat projection law, wherein the red flat projection method is to place the centroid of an object on the sphere center of a sphere with unlimited size, and then project the position state of the object in the sphere onto the horizontal plane of the sphere, so that the spatial relationship between a slope and a structural plane is shown on the plane, and further the slope which plays a leading role by the structural plane can be deeply analyzed, and the schematic diagram is shown in FIG. 4.
The stability of the rock slope is mainly controlled by a weak structural plane, the slope damage is mainly caused by instability of a wedge body formed by cutting the structural plane, the stability analysis needs to consider the development condition of the rock mass joint fracture and find out the tendency and the inclination angle of each group of rock mass joint fracture, so that the bathochromic projection method is commonly used for the qualitative analysis of the stability of the rock slope.
According to actual engineering measurement, the attitude of the rock stratum is 290 degrees and 19.8 degrees, the slope direction of the side slope is 290 degrees and 59.3 degrees, and the slope top surface gradient is about 30 degrees. In the rock mass, a group of structural planes are also arranged, and the production state is respectively 290 degrees and 60 degrees. The specific conditions of occurrence of each fraction are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
Figure BDA0003575545360000071
When a slope with a layered structure is provided and only receives self gravity, the place with the strongest sliding potential energy is often in the direction along the surface of the layered structure, so for the slope with the layered structure, the potential sliding direction is often the tendency of the structure surface. In the project, the main weak structural surface and the side slope surface have the same trend and the same trend, the inclination angle of the side slope is larger than that of the structural surface, and the side slope can slide at the moment. The qualitative analysis is often judged by experience, so that certain instability exists, the analysis result is easy to cause the situation that the analysis results of different personnel have large differences, quantitative analysis is often required to be used as an important reference in order to ensure the accuracy of the qualitative analysis, and the two analysis methods are used together to ensure the stability and the accuracy of the analysis result.
And S42, accurately calculating the stability of the slope by adopting a limit balance method, and quantitatively analyzing the stability of the slope. For landslides with two sets of structural surfaces, the two sets of structural surfaces are divided into a main sliding surface and an auxiliary sliding surface, as shown in fig. 5. The component force of the external load such as the self weight of the slider in the horizontal direction is the component force in the vertical direction, and the other actions are shown in fig. 6. The directional force balance equation established from FIG. 5 is:
Fx＝T1cosα1+T2cosα2-N1sinα1-N2sinα2 (1)
Fy＝T1sinα1+T2sinα2+N1cosα1+N2cosα2 (2)
wherein, Fx、FyComponent forces of external loads such as self weight of the sliding block body in horizontal and vertical directions, T1、T2Tangential forces of the auxiliary and main sliding surfaces, N1、N2Is the normal force of the auxiliary sliding surface and the main sliding surface.
Let FsThe safety coefficient of the rocky slope is as follows:
Figure BDA0003575545360000083
Figure BDA0003575545360000084
substituting the formula (3) and the formula (4) into the formula (1) and the formula (2) to obtain 3 unknown numbers N1、N2And FsTwo equations of (2). Thus to find the result, assume N1If the value is zero, the formula (3) and the formula (4) are substituted into the formula (1) and the formula (2) and are connected in parallel to obtain:
Figure BDA0003575545360000081
f is adjusted according to actual working conditionsx、Fy、T1、T2、LAB、LBC、c1、c2、
Figure BDA0003575545360000082
α1、α2The value of F can be obtained by carrying out formula (5)s。
Wherein, c1、c2Is the cohesive force of the auxiliary sliding surface and the main sliding surface,
Figure BDA0003575545360000091
is the internal friction angle, L, of the auxiliary sliding surface and the main sliding surfaceAB、LBCThe length of the auxiliary sliding surface and the main sliding surface.
Formula (5) is substituted according to the above engineering parameters, wherein FXIs 0, FYObtaining the sliding body gravity, the rock stratum parameters and the structural plane parameters according to geotechnical engineering physical observation reports, and finally obtaining a safety coefficient F through a trial algorithmSIt was 1.96. However, this case does not take into account the internal structural plane. The slider having the internal structural surface cannot be calculated as a rigid body because a displacement may occur between the sliders cut by the internal structural surface, which is indispensable in the analysis. In this case, the structural plane is generally used instead of the virtual boundary plane for analysis, and the unbalanced thrust method may be used for calculation.
S43, analyzing the slope stability by adopting Geo5 rock-soil software, and sequentially inputting data according to an internal structure information table of the following table 4 and a slope data table of the following table 5:
TABLE 4
Numbering Inclination angle (°) Cohesion (KPa) Internal friction angle (°)
1 -7.4 0.02 0.02
TABLE 5
Figure BDA0003575545360000092
The internal structural surface of the engineering is a completely developed crack, the engineering does not have any capacity of bearing force, both the cohesive force and the internal friction angle are 0, and Geo5 geotechnical engineering software requires that the minimum value of the data is 0.02, so that the engineering is 0.02.
The underground water level of the quarry is low, underground water factors are not considered, meanwhile, according to building earthquake resistance design specifications (GB50011-2010), earthquake influence does not need to be considered in the area where the engineering is located, the result of the safety coefficient calculated by software is 1.09, and the side slope is in a basic stable state and can possibly slide.
For the less-stable rock mass which is relatively complete, has a structural plane combined with a common height of between 15m and 30m, the type of the slope rock mass is specified in the technical Specification of building slope engineering (GB50330-2013) (hereinafter referred to as the Specification) at this time. A community is arranged near the side slope, casualties can be caused when the landslide occurs, and the safety level of the side slope engineering is in the second level according to the regulation of the specification. Slope stability safety factor F according to Table 6stAt the moment, the safety coefficient F of slope stabilitystThe value should be taken to be 1.30.
TABLE 6
Figure BDA0003575545360000101
The slope is obtained through a plano projection method and is likely to slide, the safety coefficient calculated by a limit balance method is 1.96, and the safety coefficient calculated by GEO geotechnical engineering is 1.09. Because the inner structural surface is not considered in the limit balance method, the calculation result at the moment has certain deviation from the actual condition and is not considered. Geotechnical engineering results show that the engineering has certain stability maintaining capability, but according to the specifications, the safety level of the second-level slope engineering should reach 1.30, in order to meet the requirements of the specifications, engineering measures still need to be applied to the engineering, and the engineering is reinforced by anchor rods.
S5, aiming at a slope instability area, a prestressed anchor rod reinforcing scheme is formulated, the axial prestress of an anchor rod, the diameter of an anchor rod reinforcing steel bar, the anchoring length of an anchoring body and a stratum and the like are respectively designed and calculated, and through support checking calculation, the horizontal distance of anchor rod support is determined, and the concrete steps are as follows:
because the side slope of the project is a permanent side slope, the project is reinforced by adopting the prestressed anchor rods.
Figure BDA0003575545360000111
β＝θ-(45°+φ/2) (7)
Wherein E is the residual sliding force of the sliding mass, and the soft soil engineering obtained from GEO5 can obtain 272.5KN/m, laTaking 3m as the distance between the anchor rods perpendicular to the sliding direction, wherein alpha, beta and phi are respectively a sliding surface inclination angle, an anchor rod inclination angle and a sliding surface internal friction angle at the intersection of the sliding surface and the anchor rod, beta is calculated by the formula (9), theta is the sliding surface inclination angle, n is the sliding surface inclination anglesTaking 6 rows as the number of rows of the anchor rods along the direction of the sliding surface, calculating to obtain: beta is 35 degrees and N istTake 150 KN.
And (3) calculating the diameter of the anchor rod steel bar:
Figure BDA0003575545360000112
wherein, γ0Taking 1.1, f as an engineering structure importance coefficientyDesigned value of tensile strength of anchor rod, xi3Taking the permanent anchor rod as the working condition coefficient of the anchor rod, taking the permanent anchor rod as 0.7, taking the delta as the annual corrosion amount of the steel of the anchor rod, taking the permanent anchor rod as 0.04 mm/year, taking the T as the service life, taking the permanent anchor rod as 50 years, and calculating to obtain the following components: ds31.4mm, final dsTake 32 mm.
Calculating the anchoring length of the anchoring body and the stratum:
Figure BDA0003575545360000121
in the formula (9), xi1Is the coefficient of working condition for bonding the anchoring body and the stratum and has permanent propertyThe anchor rod is 1.0, d is the diameter of the anchoring body, 40mm, frbThe standard value of the bonding strength between the stratum and the anchoring body is generally determined by tests, the engineering is calculated by taking 1.35MPa, and the following can be obtained: l. themAnd was 0.89 m.
Calculating the anchoring length between the anchor rod steel bars and the anchoring mortar:
Figure BDA0003575545360000122
in the formula (10), xi2The coefficient of working condition of bonding strength between the anchor rod and mortar is 0.9, f for a permanent anchor rodbFor the design value of the bonding strength between the steel bar and the anchoring mortar, 1.4MPa is taken for the permanent and prestressed threaded steel bar, and the calculation can be carried out to obtain: lsaThe total length of the anchor rods is 1.41m, and the total length of 1 row of anchor rods and 2 rows of anchor rods is 10m and the total length of 3 rows of anchor rods, 4 rows of anchor rods, 5 rows of anchor rods and 6 rows of anchor rods is 15m by combining slope surface information and sliding surface information.
Calculating initial prestress:
the initial prestress of the anchor rod refers to a tensile force of the anchor rod acting on the anchor head in the locked state. For projects with higher requirements on displacement change in a stratum and an anchoring structure thereof, the design value of the tension of the anchor rod can be used as initial prestress; and for projects with lower requirements on the displacement change of the stratum and the anchoring structure thereof, generally 0.70-0.85 times of the designed value of the tension of the anchor rod is taken as initial prestress, and the prestress of the project is 300 KN.
Bolt support checking calculation:
the setting and construction conditions of the side slope anchor rods are shown in table 6 and fig. 6: set up 6 rows of stock respectively, 1 st, 2 nd row stock length is 10m, and 3, 4, 5, 6 rows stock length are 15m, and the anchor reinforcing bar adopts the prestressing force twisted steel that the diameter is 32mm, and the drilling is pitched 35.
TABLE 6
Figure BDA0003575545360000131
The safety coefficient obtained by the overall stability analysis and checking is 1.31 which is greater than the standard requirement.
S6, considering that the slope of the side slope instability block area is larger, arranging a vegetation hole between two support holes on the basis of dangerous stone cleaning and anchoring support, and designing a pit type greening scheme according to the side slope condition by the aid of the vegetation hole; the method comprises the following steps of respectively selecting vine vegetation which is strong in local soil climbing ability and easy to survive from a planting hole and a pit, and adding a nutrient medium and nutrient soil suitable for plant growth;
s7, aiming at the gentle and stable side slope (generally less than 40 degrees) which does not need anchoring, carrying out ecological restoration work according to the concept of 'dangerous stone cleaning → field leveling → earthing → retaining wall arrangement → vegetation planting'; meanwhile, the addition of human strategies such as mine culture, tour and sightseeing and the like can be considered; finally, an integrated design of waste quarry treatment and ecological restoration integrating the functions of treatment, culture, tourism, picking and the like is formed, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the slope surfaces of the area A and the area B are in a broken line shape, the height of the slope is mostly below 3m, the maximum height difference between the top of the slope and the bottom of the slope is below 16m, the slopes are mostly concentrated at 10-30 degrees, the slope is a typical slow slope, the weathering of the slope surface is strong, the rock is broken, a small amount of broken stone exists on the surface of the rock body slope, and meanwhile, a small amount of herbaceous plants grow. And analyzing the scheme for ecological restoration according to the specific conditions of the area A and the area B.
The treatment cross section of the area A and the area B is shown in figure 7.
After the place levels, carry out the retaining wall design, this paper is no longer said the specific process of retaining wall design, and the A district adopts vertical type, highly be 3.5 m's gravity retaining wall, and the B district adopts vertical type, highly be 5 m's gravity retaining wall.
Almost no planting soil exists in the range of the quarry, so in order to plant plants, the plants are cultivated in a soil dressing covering mode that the quarry is filled with mellow soil in other places. In order to better enable plants to absorb nutrients, the covering thickness of the engineering soil is 25 cm. The plants are selected from native grass ryegrass with cold resistance and drought resistance, and are planted together with plants such as parthenocissus tricuspidata and camellia.
The slope form of the C area is also in a zigzag shape, the slope gradient changes greatly, the slope is strongly differentiated, and rocks are broken. The C area is divided into a C1 area, a C2 area, a C3 area and a C4 area according to the slope gradient, as shown in figure 8. And for the C1 area, the C3 area and the C4 area, blasting and cleaning dangerous rock masses and eliminating potential safety hazards in time. The dangerous rock mass is removed by adopting a step method from top to bottom for static crushing, broken stones are removed completely after each crushing, and then the lower layer is crushed. Static crushing is a method of using quicklime as a main component of a crushing agent, adding water to form expansion pressure due to volume expansion after a certain period of time to crack and crush a medium, and has the advantages of no vibration, no flying stones, low noise, no toxicity, no dust pollution, no damage to surrounding rock masses and no influence on the environment around a mountain.
For the C1 area, the C3 area and the C4 area, because the slope of the side slope is too steep or the side slope is inconvenient to excavate, the ecological restoration is carried out by adopting a manual drilling mode and a slope planting hole technology in the middle of the slope.
The slope surface is distributed with ecological plant growing holes of 1 × 1 specification, the hole diameter is 0.15m, the hole depth is 0.5m, and the detailed view is shown in fig. 10.
The slope of the C2 area is relatively slow, and pit type greening is adopted in order to plant plants in a larger area and restore ecology. The pit type greening mode utilizes the original topography of the side slope, adopts methods such as blasting cutting and the like to create a plant growth space on the pit wall and adopts a method of earthing and planting, so that the construction efficiency is high, the plant type selection is rich and the survival rate is high.
In order to better help the plants to root in the rock stratum and prevent the soil matrix from being washed away by rainwater and also for the survival rate of the plants after the side slope is repaired, the side slope in the C2 area is excavated into a circular arc shape, and the soil is filled to the horizontal plane, which is shown in figure 11.
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior rock slope stability analysis and ecological restoration integrated design in China, and provides a rock slope treatment and ecological restoration integrated design method for a abandoned quarry.
Aiming at a relatively slow and stable slope (generally less than 40 degrees) which does not need anchoring, carrying out ecological restoration work according to the thinking of 'dangerous stone cleaning → field leveling → earthing → retaining wall setting → vegetation planting'; meanwhile, humanistic strategies such as mine culture, tour and sightseeing can be considered; finally, an integrated design of waste quarry treatment and ecological restoration integrating the functions of treatment, culture, tourism, picking and the like is formed.
Aiming at a steep slope (generally more than or equal to 40 ℃) needing anchoring, ecological restoration work is carried out according to the concept of 'defining geological disasters possibly occurring in the area → clearing dangerous stones → delimiting areas easy to lose stability of the slope → comprehensively judging the stability of the slope → applying prestressed anchor rods for the areas easy to lose stability → arranging different plant growing holes according to different slopes → allocating soil and filling soil → selecting plant and planting'.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.

Claims (8)

1. A waste quarry rock slope treatment and ecological restoration integrated design method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining a treatment and restoration area of a waste quarry, determining geological disaster types induced by different areas based on the elevation of the area, and defining a slope instability-prone area and a slope stability area based on the geological disaster types, the regional climate and the ecological environment characteristics;
and aiming at the easy-instability region of the side slope, a pre-stressed anchor rod reinforcing scheme is formulated to ensure the stability of the side slope, and an ecological restoration design method of the whole rock side slope is provided by combining the topographic and geological characteristics of the stable region of the side slope, so that the treatment and restoration of the abandoned quarry are completed.
2. The abandoned quarry rock slope treatment and ecological restoration integrated design method according to claim 1, wherein the types of geological disasters induced in different areas are obtained by collecting geological survey data and physical mechanical index test data, wherein the geological survey data and the physical mechanical index test data comprise: slope section inclination angle, slope section length, slope lithology, rock stratum occurrence, weak structural plane of rock mass, thickness, gravity, cohesive force and internal friction angle.
3. The abandoned quarry rock slope treatment and ecological restoration integrated design method according to claim 1, wherein the slope stability of the slope instability prone area and the slope stable area is comprehensively judged based on a bathochromic projection method, a limit balance method and a Geo5 rock software numerical calculation method.
4. The abandoned quarry rock slope treatment and ecological restoration integrated design method according to claim 3, wherein the process of legally analyzing the slope stability based on the declination projection comprises: and obtaining the spatial relationship between the side slope and the structural plane of the research area by the declination projection method, analyzing whether the side slope of the research area is controlled by the weak structural plane by combining with the wedge formed by cutting the structural plane, and obtaining the inclination and the inclination angle of the joint crack of the rock mass by combining with the development condition of the joint crack of the rock mass.
5. The abandoned quarry rock slope treatment and ecological restoration integrated design method according to claim 3, wherein for a planar sliding landslide with two groups of structural surfaces, the stability of the slope is calculated by adopting the limit balance method: firstly, dividing the two groups of structural surfaces into a main sliding surface and an auxiliary sliding surface, establishing a directional force balance equation, and calculating to obtain a slope stability safety coefficient through the directional force balance equation; and calculating the safety coefficient of the slope stability by adopting an unbalanced thrust method when the slope with the internal structure surface slides.
6. The abandoned quarry rock slope treatment and ecological restoration integrated design method according to claim 3, wherein the process of performing slope stability analysis by using the Geo5 rock software numerical calculation method comprises: selecting a rock slope stability analysis plate in Geo5 geotechnical software, selecting a national standard and a method for reflecting sliding, solving the safety coefficient by using a limit balance method, and obtaining the slope and the internal parameter information of the slope according to a geotechnical engineering physical inspection report to obtain the slope type and the slope calculation safety coefficient.
7. The method for integrally designing governing and ecological restoration of the rock slope of the abandoned quarry according to claim 1, wherein the process of establishing prestressed anchor rod reinforcement for the area where the slope is prone to instability comprises the following steps: designing an anchor rod reinforcing scheme, adopting a prestressed anchor rod for reinforcement, calculating the axial prestress of the anchor rod, the diameter of a reinforcing steel bar of the anchor rod, the anchoring length of an anchoring body and a stratum, and determining the horizontal distance of anchor rod support through support checking calculation.
8. The integrated design method for treatment and ecological restoration of the rock side slope of the abandoned quarry according to claim 7, wherein plant growing holes can be arranged on the anchor rod support for the volatile and stable area of the side slope, and a pit type re-greening scheme is designed according to the side slope condition for reinforcing the stability of the side slope and completing the ecological restoration of the volatile and stable area of the side slope.
CN202210342931.4A 2022-03-31 2022-03-31 Waste quarry rock slope treatment and ecological restoration integrated design method Pending CN114638122A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115795626A (en) * 2022-12-26 2023-03-14 武汉天际航信息科技股份有限公司 Digital road model analysis method, device, computing equipment and storage medium

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115795626A (en) * 2022-12-26 2023-03-14 武汉天际航信息科技股份有限公司 Digital road model analysis method, device, computing equipment and storage medium
CN115795626B (en) * 2022-12-26 2023-06-13 武汉天际航信息科技股份有限公司 Digital road model analysis method, device, computing equipment and storage medium

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