CN114629457A - Device and method for controlling frequency source and frequency source - Google Patents
Device and method for controlling frequency source and frequency source Download PDFInfo
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- CN114629457A CN114629457A CN202111654042.3A CN202111654042A CN114629457A CN 114629457 A CN114629457 A CN 114629457A CN 202111654042 A CN202111654042 A CN 202111654042A CN 114629457 A CN114629457 A CN 114629457A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
- H03G3/00—Gain control in amplifiers or frequency changers
- H03G3/20—Automatic control
- H03G3/30—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices
- H03G3/3036—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices in high-frequency amplifiers or in frequency-changers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H11/00—Networks using active elements
- H03H11/02—Multiple-port networks
- H03H11/24—Frequency-independent attenuators
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application relates to a device, a method and a frequency source for controlling a frequency source, wherein the device comprises an electrically-adjustable attenuator, a coupler, a detector, a first SPDT switch, a second SPDT switch, a third SPDT switch, a comparator, a first operational amplifier, a second operational amplifier, an analog-to-digital converter, a digital-to-analog converter, a controller and a temperature sensor; the controller is used for acquiring the detection voltage of the detection signal through the analog-to-digital converter, acquiring first compensation data according to the detection voltage, the temperature data, the frequency control word and the amplitude control word, and controlling the digital-to-analog converter to generate a first compensation voltage signal; the first compensation voltage signal forms a first feedback signal, and the first feedback signal is used for adjusting the attenuation multiple of the electrically-tuned attenuator. The amplitude control circuit of the frequency source can be switched to control the attenuation multiple by directly using a theoretical numerical value calculated by a high-speed controller when the agile signal needs to be output, so that the time of integrating and feeding back by using an analog circuit is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of electronics, in particular to a device and a method for controlling a frequency source and the frequency source.
Background
Millimeter wave frequency sources are important components in communication systems, radio technologies, and are also core parts of military electronic systems. With the improvement of the demand, higher and higher requirements are made on indexes such as millimeter wave frequency source output amplitude control capability, frequency stability, agility frequency capability, phase noise and spurious emission.
Wherein the agile signal requires on the order of 100ns for amplitude switching time. However, at present, the amplitude switching time of a conventional analog ALC (Automatic Level Control) Control method used by a millimeter wave frequency source is usually in the order of milliseconds, and cannot meet the requirement of fast switching amplitude of a agile signal. How to increase the amplitude switching speed of the millimeter wave frequency source and make the amplitude switching time meet the requirements of agile signals is one of the technical problems in the field.
Therefore, the inventor provides a method for controlling a frequency source, and the method is applied to control the frequency source, so that the amplitude switching time of the frequency source can meet the requirement of an agile signal.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The embodiment of the application aims to solve the technical problem that an ALC control method used for a frequency source in the prior art is slow in amplitude switching time and cannot meet the requirement of an agile signal on the amplitude switching time.
(II) technical scheme
To solve the above technical problem, according to an aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided an apparatus for controlling a frequency source, including: the system comprises an electrically-tuned attenuator, a coupler, a detector, a first SPDT switch, a second SPDT switch, a third SPDT switch, a comparator, a first operational amplifier, a second operational amplifier, an analog-to-digital converter, a digital-to-analog converter, a controller and a temperature sensor;
the electric-tuning attenuator is connected with a coupler, one end of the coupler is used for outputting a first output signal, the other end of the coupler is connected with a detector, the detector is connected with a fixed end of a first SPDT switch, one movable end of the first SPDT switch is connected with an analog-to-digital converter, the other movable end of the first SPDT switch is connected with a comparator, the analog-to-digital converter is connected with a controller, the comparator is connected with one movable end of a second SPDT switch, the other movable end of the second SPDT switch is connected with a second operational amplifier, the fixed end of the second SPDT switch is connected with a digital-to-analog converter, the digital-to-analog converter is connected with the controller, the comparator is connected with a first operational amplifier, the first operational amplifier is connected with one movable end of a third SPDT switch, the other movable end of the third SPDT switch is connected with a second operational amplifier, and the fixed end of the third SPDT switch is connected with the electric-tuning attenuator; the temperature sensor is connected with the controller and used for acquiring temperature data;
when the fixed end of the third SPDT switch is connected with the second operational amplifier, the input signal filtered by the switch passes through the electrically tunable attenuator and the coupler, and the detector outputs a detection signal; the controller is used for acquiring the detection voltage of the detection signal through the analog-to-digital converter, acquiring first compensation data according to the detection voltage, the temperature data, the frequency control word and the amplitude control word, and controlling the digital-to-analog converter to generate a first compensation voltage signal according to the first compensation data; the first compensation voltage signal forms a first feedback signal through the second operational amplifier, and the first feedback signal is used for adjusting the attenuation multiple of the electrically-tuned attenuator, so that the amplitude of the first output signal is adjusted.
Furthermore, the fixed end of the first SPDT switch is connected with the comparator, the fixed end of the second SPDT switch is connected with the comparator, when the fixed end of the third SPDT switch is connected with the first operational amplifier, the controller generates second compensation data according to the frequency control word, the amplitude control word and the temperature data, the digital-to-analog converter is controlled according to the second compensation data to generate a second compensation voltage signal, the second compensation voltage signal and the detection signal are input into the comparator, the comparator obtains a comparison signal, the comparison signal forms a second feedback signal through the first operational amplifier, and the second feedback signal is used for adjusting the attenuation multiple of the electrically-adjustable attenuator so as to adjust the amplitude of the first output signal.
Furthermore, one end of the coupler, which is used for outputting the first output signal, is connected with the numerical control attenuator, and the numerical control attenuator is controlled by the controller; the first output signal forms a second output signal through a numerical control attenuator;
the controller is also used for controlling the attenuation multiple of the numerical control attenuator according to the detection voltage so as to adjust the amplitude of the second output signal.
Further, the numerical control attenuator is connected with a third operational amplifier;
the second output signal forms a third output signal through a third operational amplifier;
the controller is also used for controlling the grid voltage of the third operational amplifier.
Further, the digital control attenuator comprises a plurality of units which are connected in series, each unit comprises two fourth SPDT switches and a sub-attenuator with amplification factor attenuation, and the fourth SPDT switches are used for controlling whether signals passing through the units pass through the sub-attenuator or not.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided a method for controlling a frequency source, applied to a controller, including:
controlling the immobile end of the first SPDT switch to be connected with the analog-to-digital converter, the immobile end of the second SPDT switch to be connected with the second operational amplifier, and the immobile end of the third SPDT switch to be connected with the second operational amplifier;
acquiring detection voltage of an analog-digital converter;
acquiring temperature data of a temperature sensor;
acquiring a frequency control word and an amplitude control word;
acquiring first compensation data according to the detection voltage, the temperature data, the frequency control word and the amplitude control word;
and controlling the digital-to-analog converter to generate a first compensation voltage signal according to the first compensation data so as to adjust the attenuation multiple of the electrically-adjustable attenuator by using the first compensation voltage signal and further adjust the amplitude of the first output signal.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided a control frequency source including the apparatus of any one of the above.
(III) advantageous effects
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the application has the following advantages:
the amplitude control circuit of the frequency source can be switched to a theoretical value directly calculated by a high-speed controller to control the attenuation multiple when a agile wave signal needs to be output, so that the time of integrating and feeding back by using an analog circuit is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of an apparatus for controlling a frequency source according to an embodiment of the present application;
in the figure: 1. electrically adjusting the attenuator; 2. a coupler; 3. a detector; 4. a first SPDT switch; 5. a second SPDT switch; 6. a third SPDT switch; 7. a comparator; 8. a first operational amplifier; 9. a second operational amplifier; 10. an analog-to-digital converter; 11. a digital-to-analog converter; 12. a controller; 13. a temperature sensor; .
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a digitally controlled attenuator comprising four elements according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for controlling a frequency source according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present application will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the examples of the present application, but are not intended to limit the scope of the examples of the present application.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only used for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. Specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of an apparatus for controlling a frequency source according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the apparatus includes an electrically tunable attenuator 1, a coupler 2, a detector 3, a first SPDT switch 4, a second SPDT switch 5, a third SPDT switch 6, a comparator 7, a first operational amplifier 8, a second operational amplifier 9, an analog-to-digital converter 10, a digital-to-analog converter 11, a controller 12, and a temperature sensor 13;
the electrically-tunable attenuator 1 is connected with a coupler 2, one end of the coupler 2 is used for outputting a first output signal, the other end of the coupler 2 is connected with a detector 3, the detector 3 is connected with a fixed end of a first SPDT switch 4, one movable end of the first SPDT switch 4 is connected with an analog-to-digital converter 10, the other movable end of the first SPDT switch 4 is connected with a comparator 7, the analog-to-digital converter 10 is connected with a controller 12, the comparator 7 is connected with one movable end of a second SPDT switch 5, the other movable end of the second SPDT switch 5 is connected with a second operational amplifier 9, the fixed end of the second SPDT switch 5 is connected with a digital-to-analog converter 11, the digital-to-analog converter 11 is connected with the controller 12, the comparator 7 is connected with a first operational amplifier 8, the first operational amplifier 8 is connected with one movable end of a third SPDT switch 6, the other movable end of the third SPDT switch 6 is connected with a second operational amplifier 9, the fixed end of the third SPDT switch 6 is connected with the electrically-tuned attenuator 1; the temperature sensor 13 is connected with the controller 12 and used for acquiring temperature data;
when the fixed end of the first SPDT switch 4 is connected with the analog-to-digital converter 10, the fixed end of the second SPDT switch 5 is connected with the second operational amplifier 9, and the fixed end of the third SPDT switch 6 is connected with the second operational amplifier 9, the input signal filtered by the switch passes through the electrically tunable attenuator 1 and the coupler 2, and the detection signal is output through the detector 3; the controller 12 is configured to obtain a detection voltage of the detection signal through the analog-to-digital converter 10, obtain first compensation data according to the detection voltage, the temperature data, the frequency control word and the amplitude control word, and control the digital-to-analog converter 11 to generate a first compensation voltage signal according to the first compensation data; the first compensation voltage signal forms a first feedback signal through the second operational amplifier 9, and the first feedback signal is used for adjusting the attenuation multiple of the electrically-tunable attenuator 1, so as to adjust the amplitude of the first output signal.
An application scenario of the embodiment of the present application is an amplitude control circuit of a frequency source. The amplitude control circuit controls the amplitude of the output signal by controlling the electrically-adjustable attenuator 1. The common analog Automatic Level Control (ALC) generates a control signal of an attenuation multiple through a negative feedback circuit formed by analog components, has low speed and can not meet the requirement of amplitude fast switching of a agile signal. Therefore, the embodiment of the application adds a digital fast closed loop to realize the frequency agility function, and realizes the switching of the analog ALC loop or the digital loop (namely, the controller 12 directly calculates the data required for adjusting the attenuation multiple and controls the attenuation multiple of the electrically-adjustable attenuator 1 according to the data) through the SPDT switch.
Specifically, the controller 12 in the embodiment of the present application may be an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), and uses a high-speed clock, so that the data processing speed is fast. In the digital loop, the FPGA adopts a high-speed clock, and can perform data processing such as table lookup, comparison, operation, correction and the like, so that the operation and response speed is high, and the control time is less than 100 ns.
In addition, because the amplifier is sensitive to temperature, a temperature sensor 13 is added in the system to collect the temperature, and compensation and correction are carried out through a controller 12, so that the reliability of the system is ensured.
Specifically, the controller 12 generates compensation data from the frequency control word, the amplitude control word, and the temperature data, and calculates data (i.e., first compensation data) for controlling the attenuation factor of the electrically controlled attenuator from the compensation data and the detection voltage obtained by the detector 3. The manner in which the controller 12 generates the compensation data from the frequency control word, amplitude control word, temperature data may be by a look-up table. The controller 12 may have an empirical data table containing frequency control words, amplitude control words, and temperature data.
Specifically, the embodiment of the present application switches a negative feedback loop for generating a control signal of an attenuation multiple by controlling a first SPDT (Single Pole Double Throw) switch, a second SPDT switch 5, and a third SPDT switch 6. If the agile signal needs to be processed, the control signal is switched to generate a control signal with a multiple of attenuation by the controller 12.
The input signal of this application embodiment is input by electrically tunable attenuator 1, and the input signal can be through switch band pass filter obtains 40 ~ 67GHz broadband agility vector signal.
The amplitude control circuit of the frequency source in the embodiment of the application can be switched to a theoretical value directly calculated by the high-speed controller 12 to control the attenuation multiple when the agile wave signal needs to be output, so that the time for integrating and feeding back by using an analog circuit is reduced.
As a preferred embodiment, when the fixed end of the first SPDT switch 4 is connected to the comparator 7, the fixed end of the second SPDT switch 5 is connected to the comparator 7, and the fixed end of the third SPDT switch 6 is connected to the first operational amplifier 8, the controller 12 generates second compensation data according to the frequency control word, the amplitude control word, and the temperature data, controls the digital-to-analog converter 11 to generate a second compensation voltage signal according to the second compensation data, the second compensation voltage signal and the detection signal are input to the comparator 7, the comparator 7 obtains a comparison signal, the comparison signal forms a second feedback signal through the first operational amplifier 8, and the second feedback signal is used for adjusting the attenuation multiple of the electrically tunable attenuator 1, thereby adjusting the amplitude of the first output signal.
The frequency source of the embodiment of the application is switched to the analog loop with higher amplitude control precision when the agile signal does not need to be generated, so that the agile signal does not need to be output, and a signal with more accurate amplitude can be output.
As another preferred embodiment, one end of the coupler 2 for outputting the first output signal is connected to a digitally controlled attenuator, which is controlled by the controller 12; the first output signal forms a second output signal through a numerical control attenuator; the controller 12 is further configured to control the attenuation multiple of the digitally controlled attenuator according to the detection voltage, thereby adjusting the amplitude of the second output signal.
The numerical control attenuator added in the embodiment of the application is used for further attenuating the output signal at the later stage. For satisfying the need to output a signal of a wider range of amplitude.
As another preferred embodiment, as another optional real-time manner, the digitally controlled attenuator includes a plurality of units connected in series, each unit includes two fourth SPDT switches and a sub-attenuator with amplification factor attenuation, and the fourth SPDT switch is used to control whether the signal passing through the unit passes through the sub-attenuator or not.
In particular, the fourth SPDT switch of the cell is connected to the sub-attenuator, i.e. the cell is used to attenuate the corresponding attenuation multiple of the sub-attenuator. Without a sub-attenuator, the cell is not used for attenuation.
Taking the example that the digitally controlled attenuator includes four units, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the digitally controlled attenuator including four units according to the embodiment of the present application, and the attenuators of the four units in fig. 2 correspond to a dynamic range of 10dB and a step of 10dB, a dynamic range of 20dB and a step of 20dB, a dynamic range of 40dB and a step of 40dB, and a dynamic range of 70dB and a step of 70dB, respectively. And then, the dynamic range is better than 100dB and the step-by-step 0.5dB attenuation can be realized by matching with the electrically-adjusted attenuator 1 with the dynamic range of 30dB and the step-by-step 0.5 dB.
As other optional real-time modes, the numerical control attenuator is connected with the third operational amplifier;
the second output signal forms a third output signal through a third operational amplifier;
the controller 12 is also used to control the gate voltage of the third operational amplifier.
Specifically, the gate voltage is used as a window to determine whether the second output signal can pass through a circuit composed of the third operational amplifier. The embodiment of the application can generate the pulse signal through the grid voltage.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for controlling a frequency source, which is applied to the controller 12 and includes the following steps S1 to S4:
step S1, controlling the immobile end of the first SPDT switch 4 to be connected with the analog-to-digital converter 10, the immobile end of the second SPDT switch 5 to be connected with the second operational amplifier 9, and the immobile end of the third SPDT switch 6 to be connected with the second operational amplifier 9;
step S1, acquiring the detection voltage of the analog-to-digital converter 10;
step S2, acquiring temperature data of the temperature sensor 13;
step S3, obtaining frequency control words and amplitude control words;
step S4, obtaining first compensation data according to the detection voltage, the temperature data, the frequency control word and the amplitude control word;
step S5, controlling the digital-to-analog converter 11 to generate a first compensation voltage signal according to the first compensation data, so as to adjust the attenuation multiple of the electrically adjustable attenuator 1 by using the first compensation voltage signal, thereby adjusting the amplitude of the first output signal.
The embodiment of the application provides a control frequency source, which comprises the device in any one of the above items.
It should be clear that the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts in the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. For the embodiments of the method, reference is made to the partial description of the embodiments of the device, which is taken in accordance with the present disclosure. The embodiments of the present application are not limited to the specific steps and structures described above and shown in the drawings. Also, a detailed description of known process techniques is omitted herein for the sake of brevity.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the embodiments of the present application, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the embodiments of the present application, and these modifications and variations should also be considered as the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. An apparatus for controlling a frequency source, comprising: the system comprises an electrically-tuned attenuator (1), a coupler (2), a detector (3), a first SPDT switch (4), a second SPDT switch (5), a third SPDT switch (6), a comparator (7), a first operational amplifier (8), a second operational amplifier (9), an analog-to-digital converter (10), a digital-to-analog converter (11), a controller (12) and a temperature sensor (13);
the electrically-tuned attenuator (1) is connected with the coupler (2), one end of the coupler (2) is used for outputting a first output signal, the other end of the coupler (2) is connected with the detector (3), the detector (3) is connected with the immobile end of the first SPDT switch (4), one mobile end of the first SPDT switch (4) is connected with the analog-to-digital converter (10), the other mobile end of the first SPDT switch (4) is connected with the comparator (7), the analog-to-digital converter (10) is connected with the controller (12), the comparator (7) is connected with one mobile end of the second SPDT switch (5), the other mobile end of the second SPDT switch (5) is connected with the second operational amplifier (9), the immobile end of the second SPDT switch (5) is connected with the digital-to-analog converter (11), and the digital-to-analog converter (11) is connected with the controller (12), the comparator (7) is connected with the first operational amplifier (8), the first operational amplifier (8) is connected with one movable end of the third SPDT switch (6), the other movable end of the third SPDT switch (6) is connected with the second operational amplifier (9), and the immovable end of the third SPDT switch (6) is connected with the electrically-controlled attenuator (1); the temperature sensor (13) is connected with the controller (12) and is used for acquiring temperature data;
when the fixed end of the first SPDT switch (4) is connected with the analog-to-digital converter (10), the fixed end of the second SPDT switch (5) is connected with the second operational amplifier (9), and the fixed end of the third SPDT switch (6) is connected with the second operational amplifier (9), the input signal filtered by the switch passes through the electrically-tunable attenuator (1) and the coupler (2), and the detection signal is output through the detector (3); the controller (12) is configured to obtain a detection voltage of the detection signal through the analog-to-digital converter (10), obtain first compensation data according to the detection voltage, the temperature data, the frequency control word and the amplitude control word, and control the digital-to-analog converter (11) to generate a first compensation voltage signal according to the first compensation data; the first compensation voltage signal forms a first feedback signal through the second operational amplifier (9), and the first feedback signal is used for adjusting the attenuation multiple of the electrically-adjusted attenuator (1) and further adjusting the amplitude of the first output signal.
2. The apparatus of claim 1,
the immobile end of the first SPDT switch (4) is connected with the comparator (7), the immobile end of the second SPDT switch (5) is connected with the comparator (7), when the fixed end of the third SPDT switch (6) is connected with the first operational amplifier (8), the controller (12) generates second compensation data based on the frequency control word, the amplitude control word, and the temperature data, controlling the digital-to-analog converter (11) to generate a second compensation voltage signal in dependence on second compensation data, the second compensation voltage signal and the detection signal are input into a comparator (7), the comparator (7) obtains a comparison signal, the comparison signal forms a second feedback signal through the first operational amplifier (8), the second feedback signal is used for adjusting the attenuation multiple of the electrically-adjusted attenuator (1), and further adjusting the amplitude of the first output signal.
3. The apparatus of claim 1,
one end of the coupler (2) used for outputting the first output signal is connected with a numerical control attenuator, and the numerical control attenuator is controlled by the controller (12); the first output signal forms a second output signal through the numerical control attenuator;
and the controller (12) is also used for controlling the attenuation multiple of the numerical control attenuator according to the detection voltage so as to adjust the amplitude of the second output signal.
4. The apparatus of claim 3,
the numerical control attenuator is connected with the third operational amplifier;
the second output signal is processed by the third operational amplifier to form a third output signal;
the controller (12) is also used for controlling the grid voltage of the third operational amplifier.
5. The apparatus of claim 4,
the numerical control attenuator comprises a plurality of units which are connected in series, each unit comprises two fourth SPDT switches, an operational amplifier with amplification factor gain and a sub-attenuator with amplification factor attenuation, and the fourth SPDT switches are used for controlling whether signals passing through the units pass through the sub-attenuator or not.
6. A method of controlling a frequency source for use in a controller (12), comprising:
controlling the immobile end of the first SPDT switch (4) to be connected with the analog-to-digital converter (10), the immobile end of the second SPDT switch (5) to be connected with the second operational amplifier (9), and the immobile end of the third SPDT switch (6) to be connected with the second operational amplifier (9);
acquiring detection voltage of an analog-digital converter (10);
acquiring temperature data of a temperature sensor (13);
acquiring a frequency control word and an amplitude control word;
acquiring first compensation data according to the detection voltage, the temperature data, the frequency control word and the amplitude control word;
and controlling the digital-to-analog converter (11) to generate a first compensation voltage signal according to the first compensation data, so as to adjust the attenuation multiple of the electrically-adjusted attenuator (1) by using the first compensation voltage signal, and further adjust the amplitude of the first output signal.
7. A controlled frequency source comprising the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 5.
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