CN114628892A

CN114628892A - PCB antenna and electronic equipment

Info

Publication number: CN114628892A
Application number: CN202210363712.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 倪蓓; 刘明伯; 张璇; 孟小路
Original assignee: Spreadtrum Communications Shanghai Co Ltd
Current assignee: Spreadtrum Communications Shanghai Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-04-07
Filing date: 2022-04-07
Publication date: 2022-06-14

Abstract

The application provides a PCB antenna and an electronic device, wherein the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a first radiator, a second radiator, a feeder line, a ground terminal and a tuning unit. The first metalized through hole is formed in the dielectric substrate, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 2-5 mm, so that the area of the PCB antenna is reduced. The first radiator and the second radiator are respectively arranged at two ends of the dielectric substrate and are electrically connected through the first metalized through hole; the feeder line and the grounding terminal are both arranged on the medium substrate, and the feeder line is electrically connected with the first radiator; and two ends of the tuning unit are respectively and electrically connected with the first radiator and the grounding terminal. The PCB antenna has smaller volume and coverage area, and can be applied to scenes with limited space size. In addition, the PCB antenna can generate two resonance modes which respectively cover two frequency bands of 1.8 GHz-3.0 GHz and 3.0 GHz-6.5 GHz, has larger bandwidth and can meet the requirements of multi-frequency and corresponding operation bandwidth of a communication system.

Description

PCB antenna and electronic equipment

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a PCB antenna and electronic equipment.

Background

The frequency band FR1 used commercially in the fifth generation communication technology 5G is generally from 3300MHz to 5000MHz (N77/N78/N79), and therefore, higher requirements are put on the performance of the antenna in multiple frequencies and wide frequency bands. Meanwhile, the 5G MIMO multi-antenna technology also makes the available space of the antennas on the portable terminal more limited.

In addition, there is a trade-off (trade off) relationship between the performance of the antenna and the miniaturization of the antenna in terms of antenna design, and the antenna area generally requires a large area in order to obtain the required antenna performance.

Therefore, there is a need to develop an antenna to realize miniaturization of the antenna.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the application is to provide a PCB antenna and an electronic device, in order to solve the problem that the existing antenna can not be miniaturized.

The present application provides in a first aspect a PCB antenna, comprising:

the PCB antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, wherein a first metalized through hole is formed in the dielectric substrate, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 2-5 mm so as to reduce the coverage area of the PCB antenna;

the first radiator is arranged at one end of the medium substrate;

the second radiator is arranged at one end, deviating from the first radiator, of the dielectric substrate and is electrically connected with the first radiator through the first metalized through hole;

the feeder line is arranged on the medium substrate and is electrically connected with the first radiator;

a ground terminal disposed on the dielectric substrate;

and the tuning unit is arranged on the dielectric substrate, one end of the tuning unit is electrically connected to the first radiator, and the other end of the tuning unit is electrically connected to the feeder line or the grounding terminal.

In one possible design, the feed line and the second radiator are located on the same side of the dielectric substrate;

and a second metalized through hole is formed in the dielectric substrate, and the feeder line is electrically connected with the first radiator through the second metalized through hole.

In a possible design, the tuning unit includes a first tuning element, two ends of the first tuning element are electrically connected to the first radiator and the second metalized via, respectively, and the first tuning element and the first radiator are located on the same side of the dielectric substrate.

In one possible design, the tuning unit includes a second tuning element disposed on the dielectric substrate, and the second tuning element and the first radiator are located on the same side of the dielectric substrate;

and a third metalized through hole is formed in the dielectric substrate, one end of the second tuning element is electrically connected with the second metalized through hole, and the other end of the second tuning element is electrically connected with the ground terminal through the third metalized through hole.

In one possible design, the tuning unit includes a third tuning element disposed on the dielectric substrate, and the third tuning element and the first radiator are located on the same side of the dielectric substrate;

a fourth metalized via hole is formed in the dielectric substrate, one end of the third tuning element is electrically connected with one end of the first tuning element or the first radiator, and the other end of the third tuning element is electrically connected with the ground terminal through the fourth metalized via hole.

In one possible design, the first tuning element, the second tuning element and the third tuning element are respectively an inductance or a capacitance.

In one possible design, the coverage frequency band of the PCB antenna is 1.8 GHz-6.5 GHz.

In one possible design, the material of the dielectric substrate is a high molecular polymer or ceramic.

In one possible design, the first metalized via is provided in two.

The second aspect of the present application further provides an electronic device, which includes the PCB antenna provided in the first aspect of the present application.

The technical scheme provided by the application can achieve the following beneficial effects:

the utility model provides a PCB antenna, medium substrate are the less platelike structure of thickness that 2 ~ 5mm is, and the first irradiator that will have the lamellar structure and the second irradiator is attached respectively in medium substrate's both ends, constitute a monopole antenna, can make PCB antenna whole have less volume and coverage area, can be applied to the limited scene of space size.

In addition, the first radiator and the second radiator are coupled with each other, and the tuning unit tunes the frequency, so that the PCB antenna can generate two resonance modes, one resonance mode is a half-wavelength resonance mode and can cover a frequency band of 1.8 GHz-3.0 GHz, and the other resonance mode is a full-wavelength resonance mode and can cover a frequency band of 3.0 GHz-6.5 GHz, i.e. the PCB antenna can cover a frequency band of 1.8 GHz-6.5 GHz as a whole, and has a large bandwidth, so that the mobile communication device can be compatible with a mobile communication system in multiple frequency band ranges of WIFI2.4G/WIFI5G/FDD/TDD/N77/N78/N79, and the requirements of multi-frequency and corresponding bandwidth operation of the communication system can be met.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of a PCB antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a top view of a PCB antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a bottom view of a PCB antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is an application state diagram of a PCB antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a return loss curve diagram of a PCB antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals:

100-a PCB antenna;

200-a circuit board;

1-a dielectric substrate;

11-a first metalized via;

12-a second metallized via;

13-a third metallized via;

14-a fourth metallized via;

2-a first radiator;

3-a second radiator;

4-a feed line;

5-a ground terminal;

6 a tuning unit;

61-first tuning element

62-a second tuning element;

63-third tuning element.

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.

Detailed Description

For better understanding of the technical solutions of the present application, the following detailed descriptions of the embodiments of the present application are provided with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

In the description of the present application, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "plurality" means two or more unless specified or indicated otherwise; the terms "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, integrally connected, or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

A portable terminal generally refers to an electronic device that enables a user to perform wireless communication with another party while carrying the device. In view of portability, such portable terminals are being miniaturized, ultra-thinned, miniaturized, and lightweight, and can be adapted to various multimedia environments or internet environments.

For example, a portable terminal is currently available to provide services using a communication function, such as digital broadcast reception, GPS (Global Positioning System), Bluetooth (Bluetooth), Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), and Mobile Commerce (Mobile Commerce). Compared with a second generation/third generation mobile communication system (GSM/UMTS/TDSCDMA)/a fourth generation communication technology LTE (Long Term evolution) system, the fifth generation mobile communication technology 5G system has higher wireless transmission speed and higher transmission quality, can provide richer and faster wireless multimedia service, and enables users to obtain better mobile broadband internet access experience. The frequency band FR1 already commercialized by the fifth generation communication technology 5G is from 3300MHz to 5000MHz (N77/N78/N79), and thus higher requirements are put on the performance of the antenna in multiple frequencies and wide frequency bands. Meanwhile, the 5G MIMO multi-antenna technology also makes the available space of the antennas on the portable terminal more limited. In addition, it is difficult to miniaturize the antenna while satisfying the performance of the antenna in terms of antenna design.

The application provides a PCB antenna 100 and an electronic device, wherein the PCB antenna 100 can be disposed in the electronic device, and the electronic device can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, an electronic book, a router, and the like. In the present application, the electronic device is preferably described by taking a mobile phone as an example. The handset has a circuit board 200 therein, and the PCB antenna 100 may be mounted on the circuit board 200.

Specifically, the PCB antenna 100 includes a dielectric substrate 1, a first radiator 2, a second radiator 3, a feeder line 4, a ground terminal 5, and a tuning unit 6. The dielectric substrate 1 is provided with a first metalized through hole 11, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 2-5 mm, so that the coverage area of the PCB antenna is reduced. The first radiator 2 is arranged at one end of the medium substrate 1, the second radiator 3 is arranged at one end, deviating from the first radiator 2, of the medium substrate 1, and the second radiator 3 is electrically connected with the first radiator 2 through the first metalized through hole 11. The first metalized via hole 11 penetrates through the dielectric substrate 1, a conductive metal layer is arranged on the inner surface of the metalized via hole, and two ends of the metalized via hole are respectively and electrically connected with the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3, so that the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 are electrically connected. The first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 may be metal sheets, such as copper sheets, gold sheets, silver sheets, and the like. The first metalized via 11 may have two, so as to ensure that the antenna has good frequency response characteristics.

The feed line 4 is provided on the dielectric substrate 1, and the feed line 4 is electrically connected to the first radiator 2. The feed line 4 may connect the first radiator 2 and a signal source of an external device. The feeder 4 is divided into a wire transmission line, a coaxial transmission line, a waveguide, a microstrip line, or the like according to the frequency. In the present embodiment, the feeder line 4 is preferably a coaxial line.

The ground terminal 5 is provided on the dielectric substrate 1. The ground terminal 5 may be used to connect to the ground of an external device, enabling the PCB antenna 100 to be grounded.

And a tuning unit 6 disposed on the dielectric substrate 1, wherein one end of the tuning unit 6 is electrically connected to the first radiator 2, and the other end of the tuning unit 6 is electrically connected to the ground terminal 5 or the feeder 4. The tuning unit 6 may be a capacitor, an inductor, or other packaging element, and may be used to tune the frequency of the antenna.

According to the PCB antenna 100, the dielectric substrate 1 is of a plate-shaped structure with a small thickness, the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 which are of sheet structures are attached to the two ends of the dielectric substrate 1 respectively to form the monopole antenna, so that the whole PCB antenna 100 has a small volume and a small coverage area, and can be applied to a scene with limited space size.

In addition, the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 are coupled with each other, and the tuning unit 6 tunes the frequency, so that the PCB antenna 100 can generate two resonant modes, one resonant mode is a half-wavelength resonant mode and can cover a frequency band of 1.8 GHz-3.0 GHz, the other resonant mode is a full-wavelength resonant mode and can cover a frequency band of 3.0 GHz-6.5 GHz, that is, the PCB antenna 100 can cover a frequency band of 1.8 GHz-6.5 GHz as a whole, and has a large bandwidth, so that the mobile communication device can be compatible with mobile communication systems in multiple frequency band ranges of WIFI2.4G/WIFI5G/FDD/TDD/N77/N78/N79, and the requirements of multiple frequencies and corresponding operation bandwidths of the communication system are met.

Specifically, the feeder 4 and the second radiator 3 are located on the same side of the dielectric substrate 1, a second metalized via 12 is provided in the dielectric substrate 1, and the feeder 4 is electrically connected to the first radiator 2 through the second metalized via 12. When the PCB antenna 100 is installed in an electronic device such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, an electronic book, a router, and a notebook computer, one side of the PCB antenna 100 may be attached to a circuit board 200 in the electronic device. In this embodiment, the side where the second radiator 3 is located may be used as the mounting side, and since the side of the second radiator 3 is closer to the circuit board 200 of the electronic device during mounting, the feeder 4 may be located on the same side as the second radiator 3, so that the feeder 4 may be conveniently connected to the feeding port on the circuit board 200, which improves the convenience of mounting and may also save the wiring space. The second metalized via 12 and the first metalized via 11 may have the same structure, and are not described herein again.

Of course, the ground terminal 5 may also be located on the same side as the feed line 4 and the second radiator 3, so that the ground terminal 5 is connected to the circuit board 200 of the electronic device.

Specifically, the tuning unit 6 includes a first tuning element 61, two ends of the first tuning element 61 are electrically connected to the first radiator 2 and the second metalized via 12, respectively, and the first tuning element 61 and the first radiator 2 are located on the same side of the dielectric substrate 1. The first tuning element 61 can adjust the impedance slope to achieve the matching effect between the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3. In this embodiment, the first tuning element 61 may be an inductor, and the inductor may be mounted on the dielectric substrate 1 by using a mounting technology.

Specifically, the tuning unit 6 comprises a second tuning element 62, the second tuning element 62 is arranged on the dielectric substrate 1, and the second tuning element 62 and the first radiator 2 are located on the same side of the dielectric substrate 1. A third metalized via 13 is provided in the dielectric substrate 1, the structure of the third metalized via 13 is the same as that of the first metalized via 11 and the second metalized via 12, one end of the second tuning element 62 is electrically connected to the second metalized via 12, and the other end of the second tuning element 62 is electrically connected to the ground terminal 5 through the third metalized via 13. In this embodiment, the second tuning element 62 may be a capacitor, and the second tuning element 62 may be configured to tune a resonant frequency of the antenna, so as to shift the resonant frequency band of the whole antenna to a low frequency or a high frequency, and adjust an antenna impedance of a specific frequency band in a frequency band, thereby improving an antenna efficiency in the specific frequency band.

Specifically, the tuning unit 6 comprises a third tuning element 63, the third tuning element 63 is arranged on the dielectric substrate 1, and the third tuning element 63 and the first radiator 2 are located on the same side of the dielectric substrate 1. A fourth metallized via 14 is disposed in the dielectric substrate 1, the fourth metallized via 14 and the third metallized via 13 have the same structure, one end of the third tuning element 63 is electrically connected to one end of the first tuning element 61 or the first radiator 2, and the other end of the third tuning element 63 is electrically connected to the ground terminal 5 through the fourth metallized via 14. The third tuning element 63 may be a capacitor, and the third tuning element 63 may function as the second tuning element 62. In this embodiment, through the cooperation of the first tuning element 61, the second tuning element 62 and the third tuning element 63, the two resonance modes generated by the PCB antenna 100 can respectively cover the frequency band of 1.8GHz to 3.0GHz and the frequency band of 3.0GHz to 6.5GHz, so that the PCB antenna 100 has a wider bandwidth and higher radiation efficiency in the two frequency bands.

Fig. 5 is a return loss graph of the PCB antenna 100 according to the embodiment of the present application, in which the abscissa represents frequency in GHz, and the ordinate represents return loss in dB, as shown in fig. 5, two resonance modes can be generated in a frequency band of 1.8GHz to 6.5GHz, and both return losses are lower than-5 dB.

It should be noted that the inductance or capacitance of the first tuning element 61, the second tuning element 62, and the third tuning element 63 may be adjusted to change the resonant frequency of the PCB antenna 100, shift the resonant frequency band of the whole antenna to a low frequency or a high frequency, and adjust the antenna impedance of a specific frequency band in the frequency band, thereby improving the antenna efficiency in the specific frequency band.

Specifically, the thickness of the dielectric substrate 1 in this embodiment is 2 to 5mm, preferably 3 to 4mm, the PCB antenna 100 having this size has a small overall height value, the coverage area and the occupied space are small, the miniaturization of the PCB antenna 100 can be realized, and the dielectric substrate can be applied to various scenes with limited space, and compared with the existing antenna integrated on the electronic device motherboard, the size can be reduced by more than 1.5 times, and meanwhile, the requirements of multiple frequencies and corresponding operation bandwidths of a communication system can be met.

Specifically, in order to provide the dielectric substrate 1 with stable structural characteristics and reduce energy loss in the dielectric substrate 1, the material of the dielectric substrate 1 may be a high molecular polymer, such as epoxy resin, or ceramic.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A PCB antenna, comprising:

the first radiator is arranged at one end of the medium substrate;

a ground terminal disposed on the dielectric substrate;

2. The PCB antenna of claim 1, wherein the feed line and the second radiator are located on the same side of the dielectric substrate;

3. The PCB antenna of claim 2, wherein the tuning unit comprises a first tuning element, two ends of the first tuning element are electrically connected to the first radiator and the second metalized via respectively, and the first tuning element and the first radiator are located on the same side of the dielectric substrate.

4. The PCB antenna of claim 3, wherein the tuning unit comprises a second tuning element, the second tuning element is disposed on the dielectric substrate, and the second tuning element and the first radiator are located on a same side of the dielectric substrate;

5. The PCB antenna of claim 4, wherein the tuning unit comprises a third tuning element, the third tuning element is disposed on the dielectric substrate, and the third tuning element and the first radiator are located on a same side of the dielectric substrate;

6. The PCB antenna of claim 5, wherein the first tuning element, the second tuning element, and the third tuning element are each an inductor or a capacitor.

7. The PCB antenna of any of claims 1-6, wherein the PCB antenna covers a frequency band of 1.8GHz to 6.5 GHz.

8. A PCB antenna as in any of claims 1-6, wherein there are two of the first metalized vias.

9. A PCB antenna as in any of claims 1-6, wherein the dielectric substrate is made of a polymer or ceramic.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that it comprises a PCB antenna according to any of claims 1-9.