CN114627015A - Method for removing sand and dust from flame image of rotary kiln - Google Patents
Method for removing sand and dust from flame image of rotary kiln Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 108091006146 Channels Proteins 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/90—Determination of colour characteristics
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for removing sand dust from a flame image of a rotary kiln, which comprises the following steps: s1: building a sand-dust image generation model in the kiln; s2: estimating background light B; s3: estimating a transmission rate t; s4: restoring a flame image J; s1 includes S11: analyzing the generation process of the flame image in the rotary kiln, and establishing a generation model of a dust image in the rotary kiln; the method can effectively remove the sand-dust image, ensure the image level to be clear, simultaneously improve the fidelity of the flame color and the image definition, has quick operation and stable effect, can also realize the real-time de-noising of the image so as to be convenient for productization, is beneficial to more accurately estimating the temperature of the flame of the burning zone by an operator, and is further convenient for the operator to accurately judge the burning condition in the kiln so as to ensure the stability of the clinker quality, thereby achieving the effects of improving the production quality and saving energy and reducing consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for removing sand dust from a flame image of a rotary kiln.
Background
The rotary kiln is a kind of thermal equipment used in the process of calcining cement clinker. The raw material enters the rotary kiln after passing through the predecomposition furnace, a series of physical and chemical reactions occur in the sintering process, the process has the characteristics of large inertia, strong coupling nonlinearity, uncertainty and the like, and the sintering condition of the material has serious influence on the quality of the cement clinker.
Because of uncertain influences such as raw material component change or coal dust and smoke dust, sand and dust are often diffused in the kiln, so that a video image is blurred, and the difficulty in performing subsequent processing on a flame image is increased; the difficulty of removing the influence of sand and dust on the premise of keeping the effective characteristics of the flame so as to ensure that the image is clear and becomes the noise reduction of the flame image of the rotary kiln.
In the currently disclosed literature, a patent technology of a non-local mean rotary kiln flame image denoising method with an improved weighted kernel function (publication number: CN112767282A) adopts an improved weighted kernel function mode to improve the non-local mean denoising method, so that the image denoising effect is enhanced, but the flame image recovery effect on the dust diffusion in the kiln is poor, so that an operator cannot accurately judge the burning condition in the kiln, the stability of clinker quality cannot be ensured, the waste of raw materials and energy is caused, and a solution is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the current situation of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for removing sand and dust from a flame image of a rotary kiln, which can effectively remove the sand and dust image, ensure the image level to be clear, facilitate an operator to estimate the temperature of the flame in a burning zone more accurately, and further facilitate the operator to accurately judge the burning condition in the kiln to ensure the stability of the clinker quality, thereby achieving the effects of improving the production quality, saving energy and reducing consumption.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a method for removing sand dust from a flame image of a rotary kiln is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: establishing a sand-dust image generation model in the kiln;
s2: estimating background light B;
s3: estimating a transmission rate t;
s4: restoring a flame image J;
the S1 includes:
s11: analyzing the generation process of the flame image in the rotary kiln, and establishing a generation model of a dust image in the rotary kiln;
s12: the flame radiation J in the kiln is attenuated through dust transmission, the attenuation rate is t, an image I in a camera is simultaneously influenced by kiln wall background light B, and an imaging model is expressed by the following equation:
I(x)＝J(x)t(x)+B[1-t(x)] (1)
in the formula, I (x) is a sand-dust-containing image, J (x) is a flame image, t (x) is a transmission attenuation rate, B is background light in the kiln, and x is a pixel coordinate of the image;
the S2 includes:
s21: in a fuzzy flame image containing dust and sand, color channels with some pixels always have higher illumination intensity, and the brightness mean value of the pixels in the middle part in the bright channels in the prior is estimated as background brightness;
for the sand-dust flame image I (x), the bright channel expression is as follows:
Ibright(x)＝maxc∈{R，G，B}[maxy∈W(x)Ic(y)] (2)
in the above formula Ic(y) represents a certain R, G, B color channel of the color image I, w (x) represents a domain window centered around the pixel point x, within which the luminance is considered to be constant;
s22: the two limit operations of the above equation (2) should be 255, that is, the strongest luminance value of a strong luminance image approaches 255, which is the bright channel prior theory:
lim Ibright(x)＝255 (3)
s23: in calculating the prior I of the bright channelbright(x) Then, because the part with the strongest prior brightness corresponds to the part with the flame, the background light is estimated at present, and the brightness intensity of the background light is always smaller than the flame intensity; therefore, the bright channel is first given a priori Ibright(x) Sorting according to the brightness from high to low, taking a certain proportion of pixels at the corresponding pixel positions on I (x), respectively calculating the average value of the pixel brightness of the pixel positions corresponding to the pixel positions on the three channels of RGB on the image I (x) as the respective background brightness B of the three channels of RGBc，c∈{R，G，B}；
The S3 includes:
s31: the background brightness B of the three channels RGB is estimatedcC is equal to { R, G, B }, and is still assumed to be oneThe transmission rate t (x) in the local window area W (x) is a constant, the two sides of the image generation equation (1) are respectively maximized according to the local neighborhood W (x), and are divided by B, c belongs to { R, G, B }:
s32: then, the maximization operation is carried out on the three RGB channels, and the following steps are obtained:
combining the illumination channel prior equations (2), (3) to obtain:
the initial transmission rate is obtained by the formula (6):
s33: after the initial transmission rate (7) is obtained, in order to overcome the halo phenomenon and color distortion, the initial transmission rate needs to be further refined;
firstly, carrying out nonlinear transformation:
then gamma correction is carried out on the transformed result
gamma∈[1，2]；
To prevent from
Too small a need pair
Is limited, a minimum threshold value t is set0When is coming into contact with
When it is equal to the threshold
The S4 includes:
s41: after estimating the background brightness B and the transmission rate
Thereafter, the sand-free flame image J (x) can be restored according to the following formula:
preferably, the pixel proportion taken in the step S23 is 20%.
Preferably, 20% of the pixels taken in the step S23 are taken at the position of the middle 40% -60%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the method can effectively remove the sand-dust image, ensure the image level to be clear, simultaneously improve the fidelity of the flame color and the image definition, has quick operation and stable effect, can also realize the real-time de-noising of the image so as to be convenient for productization, is beneficial to more accurately estimating the temperature of the flame of the burning zone by an operator, and is further convenient for the operator to accurately judge the burning condition in the kiln so as to ensure the stability of the clinker quality, thereby achieving the effects of improving the production quality and saving energy and reducing consumption.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an in-kiln dust image generation model of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the present invention for removing dust;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a flame image containing sand;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a flame image after removing sand dust by the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item preceding the word comprises the element or item listed after the word and its equivalent, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
To maintain the following description of the embodiments of the present invention clear and concise, a detailed description of known functions and known components of the invention have been omitted.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a method for removing dust and sand from a flame image of a rotary kiln comprises the following steps:
s1: building a generation model of a dust image in a kiln
Inspired by a haze image generation model in the nature, the flame image generation process in the rotary kiln is analyzed, and the generation model of the dust image in the kiln is established.
The flame radiation J in the kiln is attenuated through sand dust transmission with attenuation rate t, an image I is simultaneously influenced by the background light B of the kiln wall in the camera, and the imaging model can be represented by the following equation:
I(x)＝J(x)t(x)+B[1-t(x)] (1)
in the formula, I (x) is a sand-dust-containing image, J (x) is a flame image, t (x) is a transmission attenuation rate, B is background light in the kiln, and x is a pixel coordinate of the image; according to the equation, to recover the flame image J (x), the background light B and the transmission attenuation rate t (x) are estimated according to the sand-dust image I (x).
S2: estimating the background light B
The source of video image illumination in the rotary kiln is flame radiation of fuel combustion, and background light on the kiln wall is also a flame scattering result; thus, in the blurred flame image containing the dust, the color channels of some pixels always have larger illumination intensity, and the brightness mean value of the middle pixels in the bright channels in the prior is estimated as the background brightness.
For the sand-containing flame image I (x), the expression of the bright channel is as follows:
Ibright(x)＝maxc∈{R，G，B}[maxy∈W(x)Ic(y)] (2)
in the above formula Ic(y) represents a certain R, G, B color channel of the color image I, w (x) represents a domain window centered around the pixel point x, within which window the luminance is considered to be a certain constant.
The two limit operations of the above equation (2) should be 255, that is, the strongest luminance value of a strong luminance image approaches 255, which is the bright channel prior theory:
lim Ibright(x)＝255 (3)
in calculating the prior I of the bright channelbright(x) Then, since the strongest part of the prior light corresponds to the part of the flame, and the background light is estimated at present, the brightness intensity of the background light is always smaller than the flame intensity. Therefore, the bright channel needs to be given a priori Ibright(x) Sorting according to the brightness from high to low, taking the 20% of pixels in the middle part of 40% -60% corresponding to the pixel positions on I (x), respectively calculating the average value of the pixel brightness of the 20% pixel positions on the three channels of RGB on the image I (x), and taking the average value as the respective background brightness B of the three channels of RGBc，c∈{R，G，B}。
S3: estimating a transmission rate t
The background brightness B of the three RGB channels is estimatedcC belongs to { R, G, B }, and assuming that the transmission rate t (x) in a local window area W (x) is a constant, the two sides of the image generation equation (1) are maximized according to the local neighborhood W (x),and all divided by B, c ∈ { R, G, B }, to yield:
then, the maximization operation is carried out on the three RGB channels, and the following steps are obtained:
combining the illumination channel prior equations (2) and (3) to obtain
The initial transmission rate is obtained by the formula (6):
after the initial transmission rate (7) is obtained, further refinement of the initial transmission rate is required in order to overcome the halo phenomenon and color distortion.
Firstly, carrying out nonlinear transformation:
then gamma correction is carried out on the transformed result
gamma∈[1，2]。
To prevent from
Too small a need pair
Is limited, a minimum threshold value t is set0When it comes to
When it is equal to the threshold value
S4: restoration of flame image J
After estimating the background brightness B and the transmission rate
Thereafter, the sand-free flame image j (x) can be restored according to the following formula:
and (3) effect display:
as shown in fig. 3 to 4, as a result of applying the method to remove dust and sand from a flame image containing dust, a local neighborhood window W is 9 and a gamma is 1.25 in the process of processing.
The method can effectively remove the sand-dust image, ensure the image level to be clear, simultaneously improve the fidelity of the flame color and the image definition, has quick operation and stable effect, can also realize the real-time de-noising of the image so as to be convenient for productization, is beneficial to more accurately estimating the temperature of the flame of the burning zone by an operator, and is further convenient for the operator to accurately judge the burning condition in the kiln so as to ensure the stability of the clinker quality, thereby achieving the effects of improving the production quality and saving energy and reducing consumption.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and modifications thereof may be made, and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for removing sand dust from a flame image of a rotary kiln is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: establishing a sand-dust image generation model in the kiln;
s2: estimating background light B;
s3: estimating a transmission rate t;
s4: restoring a flame image J;
the S1 includes:
s11: analyzing the generation process of the flame image in the rotary kiln, and establishing a generation model of a dust image in the rotary kiln;
s12: the flame radiation J in the kiln is attenuated through dust transmission, the attenuation rate is t, an image I in a camera is simultaneously influenced by kiln wall background light B, and an imaging model is expressed by the following equation:
I(x)＝J(x)t(x)+B[1-t(x)] (1)
in the formula, I (x) is a sand-dust-containing image, J (x) is a flame image, t (x) is a transmission attenuation rate, B is background light in the kiln, and x is a pixel coordinate of the image;
the S2 includes:
s21: in a fuzzy flame image containing dust and sand, color channels with some pixels always have higher illumination intensity, and the brightness mean value of the pixels in the middle part in the bright channels in the prior is estimated as background brightness;
for the sand-dust flame image I (x), the bright channel expression is as follows:
Ibright(x)＝maxc∈{R，G，B}[maxy∈W(x)Ic(y)] (2)
in the above formula Ic(y) represents a certain R, G, B color channel of the color image I, w (x) represents a domain window centered around the pixel point x, within which the luminance is considered to be constant;
s22: the two limit operations of the above equation (2) should be 255, that is, the strongest luminance value of a strong luminance image approaches 255, which is the bright channel prior theory:
lim Ibright(x)＝255 (3)
s23: in calculating the prior I of the bright channelbright(x) Then, due to the priorThe strongest part of the light intensity of the light beam corresponds to the part of the flame, while the background light is estimated at present, and the light intensity of the background light is always smaller than the flame intensity; therefore, the bright channel is first given a priori Ibright(x) Sorting according to the brightness from high to low, taking a certain proportion of pixels at the corresponding pixel positions on I (x), respectively calculating the average value of the pixel brightness of the pixel positions corresponding to the pixel positions on the three channels of RGB on the image I (x) as the respective background brightness B of the three channels of RGBc，c∈{R，G，B}；
The S3 includes:
s31: the background brightness B of the three channels RGB is estimatedcAfter c ∈ { R, G, B }, it is still assumed that the transmission rate t (x) in a local window area w (x) is a constant, and both sides of the image generation equation (1) are maximized according to the local neighborhood w (x) and are divided by B, c ∈ { R, G, B }:
s32: then, the maximization operation is carried out on the three RGB channels, and the following steps are obtained:
combining the illumination channel prior equations (2), (3) to obtain:
the initial transmission rate is obtained by the formula (6):
s33: after the initial transmission rate (7) is obtained, in order to overcome the halo phenomenon and color distortion, the initial transmission rate needs to be further refined;
firstly, carrying out nonlinear transformation:
then gamma correction is carried out on the transformed result
gamma∈[1，2]；
To prevent from
Too small a need pair
Is limited, a minimum threshold value t is set0When it comes to
When it is equal to the threshold value
The S4 includes:
s41: after estimating the background brightness B and the transmission rate
Thereafter, the sand-free flame image j (x) can be restored according to the following formula:
2. the method for removing dust and sand from a flame image of a rotary kiln as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pixel ratio taken in the step S23 is 20%.
3. The method for removing dust and sand from the flame image of the rotary kiln as recited in claim 2, wherein 20% of the pixels obtained in the step S23 are obtained in the middle 40% -60%.
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