CN114626179A - Storage, and hot spot effect preventing method, device and equipment for microwave pyrolysis - Google Patents
Storage, and hot spot effect preventing method, device and equipment for microwave pyrolysis Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a storage, a hot spot effect preventing method, a hot spot effect preventing device and equipment for microwave pyrolysis, wherein the method comprises the following steps: firstly, determining a region from biomass carbonization to carbonization completion according to a three-dimensional electromagnetic field model of a microwave reactor, and calling the region which is easy to generate a hot spot effect as a pyrolysis carbonization section; then, the pyrolysis carbonization section is further divided into a plurality of temperature control areas, and then temperature values of the temperature control areas are respectively pre-judged (namely, the temperature predicted value of each temperature control area after the next time step is calculated); therefore, the microwave power of the controllable microwave source in the grid unit which is likely to generate the hot spot effect is adjusted in advance through the temperature predicted value of each temperature control area in the next time step, and the effect of avoiding the hot spot effect of the biomass in the cavity of the microwave reactor is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of chemical processes, in particular to a storage, a method, a device and equipment for preventing a hot spot effect for microwave pyrolysis.
Background
Pyrolysis of biomass, which is generally a process in which biomass is heated to raise its temperature in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen environment to cause molecular decomposition to produce coke, condensable liquids, and gaseous products, is an important form of utilization of biomass energy.
In the process of biomass fast pyrolysis, a biomass raw material is rapidly heated to a higher reaction temperature under the condition of oxygen deficiency, so that decomposition of macromolecules is initiated, and micromolecular gas, condensable volatile matters and a small amount of coke products are generated.
Microwave heating is a common heating mode of biomass fast pyrolysis, and compared with other pyrolysis modes, the microwave heating has the characteristics of high heating rate, short retention time, proper pyrolysis temperature and the like, and therefore, the microwave heating has research and development prospects in the field of chemical application.
The inventor finds that the prior art has at least the following defects through research:
in the process of realizing the biomass fast pyrolysis by adopting a microwave heating mode, due to the fact that the dielectric constant and the wave absorbing performance of the biomass are different at different temperatures, a hot spot effect, namely local temperature runaway, is easy to occur, and then a temperature field is out of control.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to avoid the hot spot effect of the biomass in the cavity of the microwave reactor.
The invention provides a hot spot effect preventing method for microwave pyrolysis, which comprises the following steps:
s11, modeling according to the microwave reactor with continuous feeding, generating a three-dimensional electromagnetic field model of the microwave reactor and meshing;
s12, determining a pyrolysis carbonization section of the microwave reactor cavity in the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model; the pyrolysis carbonization section is a region from the start of carbonization of biomass to the completion of carbonization;
s13, dividing the pyrolysis carbonization section into a preset number of temperature control areas, and respectively setting target temperature intervals of the temperature control areas;
s14, acquiring input parameters of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model, including: the current microwave power of each controllable microwave source in the microwave reactor, and the physical property parameters and the material feeding rate of the biomass are obtained;
s15, calculating and obtaining a simulation result of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model according to the input parameters by taking a preset time step as a period; the simulation result comprises a predicted temperature value of each temperature control area after a time step;
s16, sequentially judging whether each temperature control area comprises grid units exceeding the target temperature interval according to the temperature predicted value of the temperature control area in a preset sequence, if the current temperature control area comprises the grid units exceeding the target temperature interval, adjusting the microwave power of a controllable microwave source of the grid units exceeding the target temperature interval according to a preset rule, taking the adjusted microwave power of the controllable microwave source as the current microwave power, and returning to the step S15; and if the current temperature control area does not comprise the grid units exceeding the target temperature interval, judging whether the next temperature control area comprises the grid units exceeding the target temperature interval.
In the present invention, the preset sequence includes: the reverse direction of the feeding direction.
In the present invention, the method further comprises:
and after judging whether each temperature control area comprises grid cells exceeding the target temperature interval in sequence according to a preset sequence, returning to the step S15.
In the present invention, the sequentially determining whether each temperature control area includes a grid unit exceeding the target temperature interval according to the predicted temperature value of the temperature control area in a preset sequence, and if the current temperature control area includes a grid unit exceeding the target temperature interval, adjusting the microwave power of the controllable microwave source of the grid unit exceeding the target temperature interval according to a preset rule, includes:
s21, obtaining the current microwave power of each controllable microwave source when the biomass enters the first time step of the temperature control zone according to the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model;
s22, traversing the maximum temperature point of the grid cells in the temperature control area, and if the maximum temperature point exceeds the upper limit of the target temperature interval, storing the grid cell identification and the temperature data corresponding to the maximum temperature point into a data set Col 1;
s23, traversing the minimum temperature point of the grid cells in the temperature control area, and if the minimum temperature point exceeds the lower limit of the target temperature interval, storing the grid cell identification and the temperature data corresponding to the minimum temperature point into a data set Col 2;
s24, solving a controllable electric field intensity component range E of the maximum temperature of the biomass in the grid cell in the temperature control area in the remaining residence time not exceeding the upper limit of the target temperature interval according to Maxwell equation of the electric field intensity for the grid cell currently stored in the data set Col1x-j，Ey-j，Ez-j(ii) a For the grid cells currently stored in the data set Col2, solving a controllable electric field intensity component range E of the minimum temperature of the biomass in the grid cells in the temperature control area in the remaining residence time not lower than the lower limit of the target temperature range according to Maxwell equation of the electric field intensityx-i，Ey-i，Ez-i；
S25, after obtaining the controllable electric field intensity component ranges of all grid units in the sets Col1 and Col2, decomposing the forward waves transmitted by all the controllable microwave sources belonging to the temperature control area through the matrix waveguide, wherein the components of the forward waves in 3 directions are respectively
S26, traversing all possible components of the controllable microwave sources in the temperature control area on the corresponding time stepAnd coupled with the components of other temperature control regions to obtain an optimal electric field strength component set which can enable all grid cells in Col1 and Col2 to meet the judgment rule
The total power of the current temperature control area corresponding to the set is PjAnd correspondingly adjusting the microwave power of the controllable microwave source of the temperature control area.
In the present invention, the determining the pyrolysis carbonization section includes:
determining the position of the cross section as the starting position of the pyrolysis carbonization section when the grid cells on the cross section in the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model are larger than a preset percentage of a first temperature threshold value;
and when grid cells on the cross section in the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model all exceed a second temperature threshold value, determining the position of the cross section as the end position of the pyrolysis carbonization section.
In the present invention, the preset number includes: 2 to 20.
In the present invention, the modeling according to the continuous feeding microwave reactor, generating and gridding a three-dimensional electromagnetic field model of the microwave reactor, comprises:
setting the volume in the cavity of the microwave reactor as V; the number of the controllable microwave sources is n;
let the power of the ith controllable microwave source be PiTotal power of the microwave reactor is
The three-dimensional electromagnetic field model after gridding is provided with D grid units and stored in a set D, wherein the electromagnetic intensity of the ith grid unit belonging to the set D is EiAt a temperature of Ti。
In the present invention, the modeling the three-dimensional electromagnetic field includes:
the meshes are tetrahedral meshes or hexahedral meshes.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a hot spot effect prevention apparatus for microwave pyrolysis, comprising:
the modeling unit is used for modeling according to a continuous feeding microwave reactor, generating a three-dimensional electromagnetic field model of the microwave reactor and carrying out gridding;
the segmentation unit is used for determining a pyrolysis carbonization section of the inner cavity of the microwave reactor in the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model; the pyrolysis carbonization section is a region from the start of carbonization of biomass to the completion of carbonization;
the partition unit is used for dividing the pyrolysis carbonization section into a preset number of temperature control areas and respectively setting a target temperature interval of each temperature control area;
a parameter obtaining unit for obtaining input parameters of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model, comprising: the current microwave power of each controllable microwave source in the microwave reactor, and the physical property parameters and the material feeding rate of the biomass are obtained;
the calculation unit is used for calculating and obtaining a simulation result of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model according to the input parameters by taking a preset time step as a period; the simulation result comprises a predicted temperature value of each temperature control area after a time step;
the adjusting unit is used for sequentially judging whether each temperature control area comprises grid units exceeding the target temperature interval according to the temperature predicted value of the temperature control area in a preset sequence, if the current temperature control area comprises the grid units exceeding the target temperature interval, adjusting the microwave power of the controllable microwave source of the grid units exceeding the target temperature interval according to a preset rule, and taking the adjusted microwave power of the controllable microwave source as the current microwave power; and if the current temperature control area does not comprise the grid unit exceeding the target temperature interval, judging whether the next temperature control area comprises the grid unit exceeding the target temperature interval.
In the present invention, the preset sequence includes: the reverse direction of the feeding direction.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a memory comprising a software program adapted to execute the steps of the above-described hot spot effect prevention method for microwave pyrolysis by a processor.
In another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a hot spot prevention apparatus for microwave pyrolysis, including a computer program stored on a memory, where the computer program includes program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer executes the method according to the above aspects, and achieves the same technical effect.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the inventors have found through research that the reasons for the occurrence of the hot spot effect include: in the microwave heating process, the dielectric constant and the wave absorption performance of a heating object are different in different temperature stages, and particularly, a hot spot effect is generated due to the fact that local carbonization is too fast in a region from the beginning of biomass carbonization to the completion of carbonization; based on the above findings, in the present invention, firstly, the area from the beginning of carbonization to the completion of carbonization is determined according to the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model of the microwave reactor, and the area in which the hot spot effect is easy to occur is called as the pyrolysis carbonization section; then, the pyrolysis carbonization section is further divided into a plurality of temperature control areas, and then temperature values of the temperature control areas are respectively pre-judged (namely, the temperature predicted value of each temperature control area after the next time step is calculated); therefore, the microwave power of the controllable microwave source in the grid unit which is likely to generate the hot spot effect is adjusted in advance through the temperature predicted value of each temperature control area in the next time step, and the effect of avoiding the hot spot effect of the biomass in the cavity of the microwave reactor is achieved.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the technical means implementable in accordance with the contents of the description, and to make the above and other objects, technical features, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, one or more preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the steps of the hot spot effect prevention method for microwave pyrolysis according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a hot spot effect preventing apparatus for microwave pyrolysis according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the hot spot effect preventing apparatus for microwave pyrolysis according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element or component but not the exclusion of any other element or component.
Spatially relative terms, such as "below," "lower," "upper," "above," "upper," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the article in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the items in the figures are turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "below" can encompass both an orientation of below and above. The article may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.
In this document, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish two different elements or portions, and are not used to define a particular position or relative relationship. In other words, the terms "first," "second," and the like may also be interchanged with one another in some embodiments.
Example one
In order to avoid hot spot effects of biomass in the cavity of the microwave reactor, as shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a hot spot effect prevention method for microwave pyrolysis, comprising the steps of:
s11, modeling according to the microwave reactor with continuous feeding, generating a three-dimensional electromagnetic field model of the microwave reactor and meshing;
the embodiment of the invention utilizes a three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation technology to simulate the temperature distribution data in the cavity of the microwave reactor.
In practical application, the specific way of gridding the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model may be:
setting the volume in the cavity of the microwave reactor as V; wherein the number of the arranged controllable microwave sources is n;
let the power of the ith controllable microwave source be PiThe total power of the target microwave reactor is
In the embodiment of the invention, a microwave reactor is subjected to three-dimensional (3D) modeling according to the proportion of 1:1, the microwave reactor is subjected to gridding, a three-dimensional electromagnetic field model after the gridding is provided with D grid units and stored in a set D, wherein the electromagnetic intensity of the ith grid unit belonging to the set D is EiAt a temperature of Ti。
In practical applications, the grid cells in the embodiments of the present invention may take the form of tetrahedrons or hexahedrons.
It should be noted that, the microwave reactor in the embodiment of the present invention is a continuous feeding microwave reactor, and the biomass continuously passes through the cavity of the microwave reactor from the feeding port of the microwave reactor and exits from the discharging port of the microwave reactor; the microwave reactor heats the biomass in the inner cavity through a plurality of controllable microwave sources arranged in the microwave reactor.
S12, determining a pyrolysis carbonization section of the inner cavity of the microwave reactor in the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model; the pyrolysis carbonization section is a region from the start of carbonization of biomass to the completion of carbonization;
the inventor researches and discovers that the main reason of the hot spot effect is that in the microwave heating process, the dielectric constant and the wave absorption performance of a heating object are different in different temperature stages, and particularly, the hot spot effect is generated due to the fact that local carbonization is too fast in a region from the beginning of carbonization of biomass to the completion of carbonization; for this reason, in the embodiment of the present invention, the region from the start of carbonization of biomass to the completion of carbonization is first determined based on the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model of the microwave reactor, and this region in which the hot spot effect is likely to occur is referred to as a pyrolysis carbonization section.
In practical application, the specific manner of determining the pyrolysis carbonization section can be as follows:
determining the position of the cross section as the starting position of the pyrolysis carbonization section when the grid cells on the cross section in the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model are larger than a preset percentage of a first temperature threshold value;
the temperature of each grid unit in the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model has a corresponding relation with the temperature of the corresponding position of the cavity in the microwave reactor; the biomass entering the inner cavity of the microwave reactor is heated continuously, and when the temperature is raised to a temperature threshold (namely a first temperature threshold) at which the biomass starts to generate carbonization, the biomass has the possibility of generating a hot spot effect; in the embodiment of the present invention, a specific determination manner of the start position of the pyrolysis carbonization section may be that a first temperature threshold (for example, 400 ℃) is set, and then, when a grid unit on a cross section in the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model is greater than a preset percentage (which may be a value from 60% to 80%) of the first temperature threshold, the start position of the pyrolysis carbonization section is determined.
With the continuous advancing of the biomass in the microwave reactor, when the temperature of the biomass reaches a second temperature threshold (the value of the second temperature threshold can be selected from 800 ℃ to 1000 ℃ according to different materials of the biomass), carbonization can be completely finished, and after the position is reached, a hot spot effect cannot be generated, so that when grid cells on the section in the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model exceed the second temperature threshold, the position of the section can be determined as the end position of the pyrolysis carbonization section.
S13, dividing the pyrolysis carbonization section into a preset number of temperature control areas, and respectively setting a target temperature interval of each temperature control area;
in the embodiment of the present invention, the pyrolysis carbonization section is further divided into a plurality of temperature control regions (the specific value may be from 2 to 20). Then, setting a corresponding target temperature interval for each temperature control area; after the pyrolysis carbonization section is divided into a plurality of temperature control areas, the temperature prediction value of each temperature control area is independently calculated, so that the calculation amount can be effectively reduced, the calculation efficiency can be improved, and the temperature control response time efficiency can be further improved;
in the embodiment of the present invention, the specific manner of dividing the temperature control area into a plurality of temperature control areas may be:
equally dividing the pyrolysis carbonization section into a plurality of temperature control areas;
in addition, the pyrolysis carbonization section can also be divided into a plurality of temperature control areas with the same temperature difference according to the temperature value of each position in the cavity of the microwave reactor, for example, the position with the temperature higher than 100 ℃ per liter in each cavity of the microwave reactor can be used as the dividing position of one temperature control area.
S14, acquiring input parameters of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model, including: the current microwave power of each controllable microwave source in the microwave reactor, and the physical property parameters and the material feeding rate of the biomass are obtained;
before the temperature distribution in the cavity of the microwave reactor is simulated, various input parameters of a three-dimensional electromagnetic field model need to be generated, which can comprise the current microwave power of each controllable microwave source in the microwave reactor, and the physical parameters and material feeding rate of biomass.
S15, calculating and obtaining a simulation result of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model according to the input parameters by taking a preset time step as a period; the simulation result comprises a predicted temperature value of each temperature control area after a time step;
in the embodiment of the invention, the simulation result of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model obtained by calculation according to the input parameters is periodic, namely, the calculation is carried out once every time step; in practical applications, the value of the time step can be determined according to the actual computing capability of the computer and the experience of those skilled in the art, and is not limited specifically herein.
In the embodiment of the invention, the purpose of obtaining the simulation result of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model by calculating according to the input parameters is to obtain the predicted temperature value of each temperature control area at the next time step under the current time step, that is, to prejudge the predicted temperature value of each temperature control area.
S16, sequentially judging whether each temperature control area comprises grid units exceeding a target temperature interval according to the temperature predicted value of the temperature control area in a preset sequence, if the current temperature control area comprises the grid units exceeding the target temperature interval, adjusting the microwave power of a controllable microwave source of the grid units exceeding the target temperature interval according to a preset rule, taking the adjusted microwave power of the controllable microwave source as the current microwave power, and returning to the step S15; and if the current temperature control area does not comprise the grid unit exceeding the target temperature interval, judging whether the next temperature control area comprises the grid unit exceeding the target temperature interval.
In the embodiment of the present invention, it is required to respectively determine that each temperature control zone includes a grid unit exceeding a target temperature interval of the temperature control zone when the next time step is long, and each temperature control zone is calculated and determined one by one in a plurality of temperature control zones preferably according to a direction opposite to a feeding direction, so that a calculation and determination result of the temperature control zone closest to the microwave reactor in the pyrolysis carbonization section can be obtained first, that is, a temperature control zone with the highest overall temperature (that is, a hot spot effect is most likely to be generated relatively) can be calculated and determined preferentially, and thus, the response efficiency of temperature control can be improved to the greatest extent.
In practical application, the specific manner of this step may include:
s21, obtaining the current microwave power of each controllable microwave source when the biomass enters the temperature control zone at the current time step according to the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model;
for each temperature control area, at the beginning of a calculation period (i.e. the current time step), when the biomass just enters, the current microwave power of each controllable microwave source in the temperature control area can be used as a parameter for temperature prediction of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model.
S22, traversing the maximum temperature point of the grid cells in the temperature control area, and if the maximum temperature point exceeds the upper limit of the target temperature interval, storing the grid cell identification and the temperature data corresponding to the maximum temperature point into a data set Col 1;
in order to determine whether the temperature control area includes the grid cells exceeding the upper limit of the target temperature interval and determine which grid cells exceed the upper limit of the target temperature interval, the embodiment of the invention determines the maximum temperature point of the grid cells in the temperature control area in a traversal manner, and when the maximum temperature point exceeds the upper limit of the target temperature interval, stores the grid cell identifier and the temperature data corresponding to the maximum temperature point into the data set Col1, and then performs the same determination on the remaining grid cells, so as to select all the grid cells including the grid cells exceeding the upper limit of the target temperature interval, that is, all the grid cells whose temperature at the next time step exceeds the upper limit of the target temperature interval (exceeds the upper limit of the target temperature interval) are selected, and the grid cells are stored into the data set Col 1.
S23, traversing the minimum temperature point of the grid cells in the temperature control area, and if the minimum temperature point exceeds the lower limit of the target temperature interval, storing the grid cell identification and the temperature data corresponding to the minimum temperature point into a data set Col 2;
in order to prevent the problem that the biomass temperature rise does not reach the standard, in the embodiment of the invention, whether the temperature control area comprises grid units lower than the lower limit of the target temperature range is judged, and determining which grid cells are lower than the lower limit of the target temperature interval, the embodiment of the invention adopts a traversing mode to determine the minimum temperature point of the grid cells in the temperature control area, and when the minimum temperature point is lower than the lower limit value of the target temperature interval, storing the grid cell identification and the temperature data corresponding to the minimum temperature point into a data set Col2, then, the same judgment is performed on the remaining grid cells, so that all grid cells including the grid cells below the lower limit of the target temperature interval, that is, all grid cells whose temperature does not reach the lower limit of the next time step (below the lower limit of the target temperature interval) are selected, and are stored in the data set Col 2.
S24, for the grid cells currently stored in the data set Col1, solving a controllable electric field intensity component range E of the maximum temperature of the biomass in the grid cells in the temperature control area in the residual residence time not exceeding the upper limit of the target temperature interval according to the Maxwell equation of the electric field intensityx-j，Ey-j，Ez-j(ii) a For the grid cells currently stored in the data set Col2, solving a controllable electric field intensity component range E of the minimum temperature of the biomass in the grid cells in the temperature control area in the remaining residence time not lower than the lower limit of the target temperature range according to Maxwell equation of the electric field intensityx-i，Ey-i，Ez-i；
Specifically, assuming that a certain grid cell j in the data set Col1 is only irradiated by microwaves in the x-axis direction, the electric field intensity components in the other two axial directions are 0, and the maximum temperature of the grid cell j in the remaining dwell time at this time is equal to the upper limit of the target temperature interval, which is called as Ex-jTheoretical maximum value of (E)xj-max(ii) a By the same token, E can be obtainedy-j，Ez-jMaximum value E ofyj-max，Ezj-max. Then according to Ex-j，Ey-j，Ez-jMaximum value and Maxwell equation are combined with the coordinate of the grid unit j in the reaction cavity, namely the microwave reactor cavity), and E is establishedx-j，Ey-j，Ez-jIn a plane triangular coordinate system (the minimum value of the x-axis of the coordinate system is 0 and the maximum value is E)xj-maxAnd y and z axes are the same), and the coordinate system is the controllable electric field intensity component range of the maximum temperature of the grid unit j in the remaining residence time not exceeding the upper limit of the target temperature interval of the temperature zone.
For a certain grid cell i in the data set Col2, assuming that it is only irradiated by the microwaves in the x-axis direction, the electric field intensity components in the other two axes are 0, and the minimum temperature of the grid cell i in the remaining dwell time is equal to the target temperatureThe lower limit of the nominal temperature range is defined as the electric field intensity component in the x-axis direction at that time as Ex-iTheoretical minimum value of (E)xj-min(ii) a By the same token, E can be obtainedy-i，Ez-iMinimum value of Eyj-min，Ezj-min. Then according to Ex-i，Ey-i，Ez-iEstablishing E by combining the minimum value and Maxwell equation and aiming at the coordinate of the grid unit i in the reaction cavityx-i，Ey-i，Ez-iIn a plane triangular coordinate system (the minimum value of the x-axis of the coordinate system is E)xj-minThe maximum value is the component of the electric field intensity provided by the microwave source belonging to the temperature control area under the full power in the x axis, and the y axis and the z axis are the same), and the coordinate system is the controllable electric field intensity component range of the minimum temperature of the grid unit i in the remaining residence time not exceeding the lower limit of the target temperature interval of the temperature control area.
S25, after obtaining the controllable electric field intensity component ranges of all grid units in the sets Col1 and Col2, decomposing the forward waves transmitted by all the controllable microwave sources belonging to the temperature control area through the matrix waveguide, wherein the components of the forward waves in 3 directions are respectively
S26, traversing all possibilities of components of the controllable microwave sources in the temperature control area on the corresponding time step, and coupling the possibilities with components of other temperature control areas to obtain an optimal electric field strength component set which can enable all grid cells in Col1 and Col2 to meet the judgment rule
The total power of the current temperature control area corresponding to the set is PjAnd correspondingly adjusting the microwave power of the controllable microwave source of the temperature control area.
Specifically, assuming that the current time step is t, for k controllable microwave sources to which the current temperature control region belongs, the forward wave components in 3 directions are respectively
For the controllable microwave sources which are not in the current temperature control area, if the controllable microwave sources are closer to the discharge hole direction than the current temperature control area, the values of the components of the forward waves in 3 directions are consistent with the values of the components of the current time step t; if the temperature control area is closer to the direction of the feed inlet than the current temperature control area, the values of the components of the forward wave in 3 directions are consistent with the values of the components of the last time step t-1. In the embodiment of the present invention, all the possibilities of the existence of the component of the controllable microwave source in the current temperature control region at the current time step t need to be traversed, that is, the E related to Col1 needs to be traversedx-j，Ey-j，Ez-jE of plane triangular coordinate system related to Col2x-i，Ey-i，Ez-iAll possibilities on the intersection of the plane triangular coordinate systems are superposed with components of forward waves of the non-current temperature control area in 3 directions, and finally an optimal electric field strength component set which can ensure that the maximum temperature of the unit grids in the Col1 in the remaining dwell time does not exceed the upper limit of the target temperature interval of the temperature control area in which the maximum temperature of the unit grids in the Col1 in the remaining dwell time is not lower than the lower limit of the target temperature interval and can ensure that the minimum temperature of the unit grids in the Col2 in the remaining dwell time is not lower than the lower limit of the target temperature interval is obtained
Aiming at traversing all the possibilities of the components of the controllable microwave sources in the current temperature control area on the current time step t
For example, the specific acquisition method is as follows:
setting the number of the affiliated microwave sources in the current temperature control area as Q, and integrating Q controllable electric field intensity component rangesE＝{Ex-1，Ex-2，……，Ex-QFrom the first element Ex-1Starting traversal, each traversal needs to traverse all the elements (which may be for (…)) which are intersected with the traversal, and record the maximum number of element numbersEntering an empty array a { }, simultaneously recording an intersection interval corresponding to the empty array a { }, storing the intersection interval into an empty matrix b { }, and finally respectively comparing the maximum number of each traversal result, wherein the maximum value in the array a meets the condition, and the intersection interval correspondingly stored in the matrix b is the condition
The value range of (2).
Then, the process of the present invention is carried out,
and
and a method for obtaining
Similarly, no further description is provided herein.
The most suitable electric field intensity component set is obtained
The total power of the current temperature control area corresponding to the set is PjAnd correspondingly adjusting the microwave power of the controllable microwave source of the current temperature control area.
According to the calculated microwave power of the controllable microwave source of the current temperature control area, the control scheme of each controllable microwave source of the current temperature control area in the entity microwave reactor can be determined, and further the microwave power of each controllable microwave source in the current temperature control area, which is needed in the next time step, can be determined.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the method may further include the steps of:
and if the current temperature control area does not comprise the grid unit exceeding the target temperature interval, judging whether the next temperature control area comprises the grid unit exceeding the target temperature interval or not, and returning to the step S15 after judging that each temperature control area does not comprise the grid unit exceeding the target temperature interval. Therefore, the microwave reactor can be monitored in real time through continuous cyclic judgment.
In summary, in the embodiment of the present invention, firstly, a region from biomass to carbonization is determined according to a three-dimensional electromagnetic field model of a microwave reactor, and the region in which a hot spot effect is likely to occur is referred to as a pyrolysis carbonization section; then, the pyrolysis carbonization section is further divided into a plurality of temperature control areas, and then temperature values of the temperature control areas are respectively pre-judged (namely, the temperature predicted value of each temperature control area after the next time step is calculated); therefore, the microwave power of the controllable microwave source in the grid unit which is likely to generate the hot spot effect is adjusted in advance through the temperature predicted value of each temperature control area in the next time step, and the effect of avoiding the hot spot effect of the biomass in the cavity of the microwave reactor is achieved.
Example two
In another aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, a hot spot effect preventing device for microwave pyrolysis is further provided, and fig. 2 illustrates a schematic structural diagram of the hot spot effect preventing device for microwave pyrolysis according to the embodiment of the present invention, where the hot spot effect preventing device for microwave pyrolysis is a device corresponding to the hot spot effect preventing method for microwave pyrolysis in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 1, that is, the hot spot effect preventing method for microwave pyrolysis in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 1 is implemented by using a virtual device, and each virtual module constituting the hot spot effect preventing device for microwave pyrolysis may be executed by an electronic device, such as a network device, a terminal device, or a server. Specifically, the hot spot effect preventing device for microwave pyrolysis in the embodiment of the present invention includes:
the modeling unit 01 is used for modeling according to a continuous feeding microwave reactor, generating a three-dimensional electromagnetic field model of the microwave reactor and carrying out gridding;
the segmentation unit 02 is used for determining a pyrolysis carbonization section of the inner cavity of the microwave reactor in the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model; the pyrolysis carbonization section is a region from the start of carbonization of biomass to the completion of carbonization;
the partitioning unit 03 is configured to partition the pyrolysis carbonization section into a preset number of temperature control areas, and set a target temperature interval of each temperature control area;
the parameter obtaining unit 04 is configured to obtain input parameters of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model, and includes: the current microwave power of each controllable microwave source in the microwave reactor, and the physical property parameters and the material feeding rate of the biomass are obtained;
the calculating unit 05 is used for calculating and obtaining a simulation result of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model according to the input parameters by taking a preset time step as a period; the simulation result comprises a predicted temperature value of each temperature control area after a time step;
the adjusting unit 06 is configured to sequentially determine whether each of the temperature control areas includes a grid unit exceeding the target temperature interval according to a preset sequence according to the predicted temperature value of the temperature control area, and if the current temperature control area includes a grid unit exceeding the target temperature interval, adjust the microwave power of the controllable microwave source of the grid unit exceeding the target temperature interval according to a preset rule, and use the adjusted microwave power of the controllable microwave source as the current microwave power; and if the current temperature control area does not comprise the grid unit exceeding the target temperature interval, judging whether the next temperature control area comprises the grid unit exceeding the target temperature interval.
Since the working principle and the beneficial effect of the hot spot effect preventing device for microwave pyrolysis in the embodiment of the present invention have been described and illustrated in the hot spot effect preventing method for microwave pyrolysis corresponding to fig. 1, they may be referred to each other and are not described herein again.
EXAMPLE III
In an embodiment of the present invention, a memory is further provided, where the memory includes a software program, and the software program is adapted to enable the processor to execute each step in the hot spot effect prevention method for microwave pyrolysis corresponding to fig. 1.
The embodiment of the present invention may be implemented by a software program, that is, by writing a software program (and an instruction set) for implementing each step in the hot spot effect prevention method for microwave pyrolysis corresponding to fig. 1, where the software program is stored in a storage device, and the storage device is disposed in a computer device, so that the software program can be called by a processor of the computer device to implement the purpose of the embodiment of the present invention.
Example four
In an embodiment of the present invention, a hot spot effect preventing apparatus for microwave pyrolysis is further provided, where a memory included in the hot spot effect preventing apparatus for microwave pyrolysis includes a corresponding computer program product, and program instructions included in the computer program product, when executed by a computer, may cause the computer to perform the hot spot effect preventing method for microwave pyrolysis described in the above aspects, and achieve the same technical effects.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a hot spot effect prevention device for microwave pyrolysis as an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, the device includes one or more processors 610, a bus 630, and a memory 620. Taking one processor 610 as an example, the apparatus may further include: input device 640, output device 650.
The processor 610, memory 620, input device 640, and output device 650 may be connected by a bus or other means, such as by bus 630 in fig. 3.
The memory 620, which is a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, may be used to store non-transitory software programs, non-transitory computer executable programs, and modules. The processor 610 executes various functional applications and data processing of the electronic device, i.e., the processing method of the above-described method embodiment, by executing the non-transitory software programs, instructions and modules stored in the memory 620.
The memory 620 may include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function; the storage data area may store data and the like. Further, the memory 620 may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory 620 optionally includes memory located remotely from the processor 610, which may be connected to the processing device via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
The input device 640 may receive input numeric or character information and generate a signal input. The output device 650 may include a display device such as a display screen.
The one or more modules are stored in the memory 620 and, when executed by the one or more processors 610, perform:
s11, modeling according to the microwave reactor with continuous feeding, generating a three-dimensional electromagnetic field model of the microwave reactor and meshing;
s12, determining a pyrolysis carbonization section of the microwave reactor cavity in the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model; the pyrolysis carbonization section is a region from the start of carbonization of biomass to the completion of carbonization;
s13, dividing the pyrolysis carbonization section into a preset number of temperature control areas, and respectively setting target temperature intervals of the temperature control areas;
s14, acquiring input parameters of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model, including: the current microwave power of each controllable microwave source in the microwave reactor, and the physical property parameters and the material feeding rate of the biomass are obtained;
s15, calculating and obtaining a simulation result of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model according to the input parameters by taking a preset time step as a period; the simulation result comprises a predicted temperature value of each temperature control area after a time step;
s16, sequentially judging whether each temperature control area comprises grid units exceeding the target temperature interval according to the temperature predicted value of the temperature control area in a preset sequence, if the current temperature control area comprises the grid units exceeding the target temperature interval, adjusting the microwave power of a controllable microwave source of the grid units exceeding the target temperature interval according to a preset rule, taking the adjusted microwave power of the controllable microwave source as the current microwave power, and returning to the step S15; and if the current temperature control area does not comprise the grid units exceeding the target temperature interval, judging whether the next temperature control area comprises the grid units exceeding the target temperature interval.
Preferably, in the present invention, the preset sequence includes: the reverse direction of the feeding direction.
In the present invention, the method further comprises:
preferably, after sequentially judging whether each of the temperature control areas includes the grid cells exceeding the target temperature interval according to a preset sequence, the process returns to step S15.
The product can execute the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, and has corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method. For technical details that are not described in detail in this embodiment, reference may be made to methods provided by other embodiments of the present invention.
In the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage device and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage device includes: a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a ReRAM, an MRAM, a PCM, a NAND Flash, a NOR Flash, a Memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or other various media that can store program codes.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A hot spot effect prevention method for microwave pyrolysis, comprising the steps of:
s11, modeling according to a continuously fed microwave reactor, generating a three-dimensional electromagnetic field model of the microwave reactor and meshing;
s12, determining a pyrolysis carbonization section of the microwave reactor cavity in the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model; the pyrolysis carbonization section is a region from the start of carbonization of biomass to the completion of carbonization;
s13, dividing the pyrolysis carbonization section into a preset number of temperature control areas, and respectively setting target temperature intervals of the temperature control areas;
s14, acquiring input parameters of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model, including: the current microwave power of each controllable microwave source in the microwave reactor, and the physical property parameters and the material feeding rate of the biomass are obtained;
s15, calculating and obtaining a simulation result of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model according to the input parameters by taking a preset time step as a period; the simulation result comprises a predicted temperature value of each temperature control area after a time step;
s16, sequentially judging whether each temperature control area comprises grid units exceeding the target temperature interval according to the temperature predicted value of the temperature control area in a preset sequence, if the current temperature control area comprises the grid units exceeding the target temperature interval, adjusting the microwave power of a controllable microwave source of the grid units exceeding the target temperature interval according to a preset rule, taking the adjusted microwave power of the controllable microwave source as the current microwave power, and returning to the step S15; and if the current temperature control area does not comprise the grid unit exceeding the target temperature interval, judging whether the next temperature control area comprises the grid unit exceeding the target temperature interval.
2. The hot spot effect prevention method for microwave pyrolysis according to claim 1, wherein the preset sequence comprises:
the reverse direction of the feeding direction.
3. The hot spot effect prevention method for microwave pyrolysis according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:
and after judging whether each temperature control area comprises grid cells exceeding the target temperature interval in sequence according to a preset sequence, returning to the step S15.
4. The hot spot effect preventing method for microwave pyrolysis according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sequentially determining whether each of the temperature control zones includes grid cells exceeding the target temperature interval according to a preset sequence based on the predicted temperature values of the temperature control zones, and if the current temperature control zone includes grid cells exceeding the target temperature interval, adjusting the microwave power of the controllable microwave source of the grid cells exceeding the target temperature interval according to a preset rule includes:
s21, obtaining the current microwave power of each controllable microwave source when the biomass enters the first time step of the temperature control zone according to the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model;
s22, traversing the maximum temperature point of the grid cells in the temperature control area, and if the maximum temperature point exceeds the upper limit of the target temperature interval, storing the grid cell identification and the temperature data corresponding to the maximum temperature point into a data set Col 1;
s23, traversing the minimum temperature point of the grid cells in the temperature control area, and if the minimum temperature point exceeds the lower limit of the target temperature interval, storing the grid cell identification and the temperature data corresponding to the minimum temperature point into a data set Col 2;
s24, solving a controllable electric field intensity component range E of the maximum temperature of the biomass in the grid cell in the temperature control area in the remaining residence time not exceeding the upper limit of the target temperature interval according to Maxwell equation of the electric field intensity for the grid cell currently stored in the data set Col1x-j，Ey-j，Ez-j(ii) a For the grid cells currently stored in the data set Col2, solving a controllable electric field intensity component range E of the minimum temperature of the biomass in the grid cells in the temperature control area in the remaining residence time not lower than the lower limit of the target temperature range according to Maxwell equation of the electric field intensityx-i，Ey-i，Ez-i；
S25, after obtaining the controllable electric field intensity component ranges of all grid units in the sets Col1 and Col2, decomposing the forward waves transmitted by all the controllable microwave sources belonging to the temperature control area through the matrix waveguide, wherein the components of the forward waves in 3 directions are respectively
S26, traversing instituteAll the possibilities of the components of the controllable microwave sources in the temperature control areas on the corresponding time step exist and are coupled with the components of other temperature control areas to obtain an optimal electric field strength component set which can enable all grid cells in Col1 and Col2 to meet the judgment rule
The total power of the current temperature control area corresponding to the set is PjAnd correspondingly adjusting the microwave power of the controllable microwave source of the temperature control area.
5. The hot spot effect prevention method for microwave pyrolysis according to claim 1, wherein the determining a pyrolysis carbonization section comprises:
determining the position of the cross section as the starting position of the pyrolysis carbonization section when the grid cells on the cross section in the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model are larger than a preset percentage of a first temperature threshold value;
when all grid cells on the cross section in the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model exceed a second temperature threshold value, determining the position of the cross section as the end position of the pyrolysis carbonization section.
6. The hot spot effect prevention method for microwave pyrolysis according to claim 1, wherein the preset number comprises:
2 to 20.
7. The hot spot effect prevention method for microwave pyrolysis according to claim 1, wherein the generating and gridding a three-dimensional electromagnetic field model of the microwave reactor from the continuous feed microwave reactor modeling comprises:
setting the volume in the cavity of the microwave reactor as V; the number of the controllable microwave sources is n;
let the power of the ith controllable microwave source be PiTotal power of the microwave reactor is
The three-dimensional electromagnetic field model after gridding is provided with D grid units and stored in a set D, wherein the electromagnetic intensity of the ith grid unit belonging to the set D is EiAt a temperature of Ti。
8. The hot spot effect prevention method for microwave pyrolysis according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the quantizing the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model comprises:
the meshes are tetrahedral meshes or hexahedral meshes.
9. A hot spot effect prevention apparatus for microwave pyrolysis, comprising:
the modeling unit is used for modeling according to a continuous feeding microwave reactor, generating a three-dimensional electromagnetic field model of the microwave reactor and carrying out gridding;
the segmentation unit is used for determining a pyrolysis carbonization section of the inner cavity of the microwave reactor in the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model; the pyrolysis carbonization section is a region from the start of carbonization of biomass to the completion of carbonization;
the partition unit is used for dividing the pyrolysis carbonization section into a preset number of temperature control areas and respectively setting a target temperature interval of each temperature control area;
a parameter obtaining unit for obtaining input parameters of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model, comprising: the current microwave power of each controllable microwave source in the microwave reactor, and the physical property parameters and the material feeding rate of the biomass are obtained;
the calculation unit is used for calculating and obtaining a simulation result of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field model according to the input parameters by taking a preset time step as a period; the simulation result comprises a predicted temperature value of each temperature control area after a time step;
the adjusting unit is used for sequentially judging whether each temperature control area comprises grid units exceeding the target temperature interval according to the temperature predicted value of the temperature control area in a preset sequence, if the current temperature control area comprises the grid units exceeding the target temperature interval, adjusting the microwave power of the controllable microwave source of the grid units exceeding the target temperature interval according to a preset rule, and taking the adjusted microwave power of the controllable microwave source as the current microwave power; and if the current temperature control area does not comprise the grid unit exceeding the target temperature interval, judging whether the next temperature control area comprises the grid unit exceeding the target temperature interval.
10. The hot spot effect prevention apparatus for microwave pyrolysis of claim 9, wherein the predetermined sequence comprises:
the reverse direction of the feeding direction.
11. A memory comprising a software program adapted to execute the steps of the hot spot effect prevention method for microwave pyrolysis according to any one of claims 1 to 8 by a processor.
12. A hot spot effect prevention apparatus for microwave pyrolysis comprising a bus, a processor and a memory as claimed in claim 11;
the bus is used for connecting the memory and the processor;
the processor is configured to execute a set of instructions in the memory.
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Effective date of registration: 20240110 Address after: 100728 No. 22 North Main Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, Chaoyangmen Applicant after: CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEMICAL Corp. Applicant after: Sinopec (Dalian) Petrochemical Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100728 No. 22 North Main Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, Chaoyangmen Applicant before: CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEMICAL Corp. Applicant before: DALIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM AND PETROCHEMICALS, SINOPEC Corp. |