CN114624782A - Primary field compensation type electromagnetic detection device - Google Patents
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- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
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Abstract
The application discloses a primary field compensation type electromagnetic detection device, wherein the emitting coils and the compensation coils in the device are the same in shape and are both regular in shape, the number of the compensation coils is multiple, and the physical parameters and the electrical parameters of each coil in the multiple compensation coils are the same; the transmitting coil surrounds the compensating coil, and the compensating coil surrounds the receiving sensor; the transmitting coil, the compensating coil and the receiving sensor are coaxial in the vertical direction; the transmitting coil and the receiving sensor are located on a first plane, and the compensating coil is located on a plane different from the first plane. The problems of the existing electromagnetic detection device are solved through the method, so that the defects that shallow information is annihilated and a shallow detection blind area is generated due to doping of a time domain primary field at the early moment of a secondary field response curve are overcome, the strict requirements of the receiving sensor on the positions of the transmitting coil and the compensating coil are met, and the measurement stability and precision are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of electromagnetic detection, in particular to a primary field compensation type electromagnetic detection device.
Background
With the progress of engineering construction and resource exploration, some superficial and ultra-shallow geological problems are exposed. In order to solve these geological problems, new shallow geophysical prospecting methods have been developed in recent years to solve these problems. The method based on electromagnetic detection is an important method.
The electrical characteristics (including resistivity, electrochemical characteristics, dielectricity, magnetic permeability and the like) of various media and objects have certain difference, and natural and artificial electromagnetic fields with certain rules can be formed. The distribution rule of natural or artificially-built electromagnetic field is detected and researched to achieve the purposes of researching geological structure, searching mineral deposit and detecting underground target object. Shallow layer and ultra-shallow layer geophysical prospecting based on electromagnetic method detection can effectively solve the difficult problems which are difficult to solve by other methods in engineering, has the characteristics of rapidness, convenience and economy, and continuously expands the technical and application fields of the method along with the acceleration of the urbanization process.
The detection method based on the electromagnetic method is that current (generally called primary field) with certain energy is emitted to a target medium to excite the target medium, then a current source is quickly turned off, an excitation response (generally called secondary field) curve of the target medium is induced and recorded through an electric or magnetic sensor, response curve characteristics of different media are analyzed, and further the electrical characteristics of the target medium are represented. The time domain electromagnetic detection has the advantages of visual response curve of the secondary field and high resolution, and can detect the ultra-shallow target body after overcoming the influence of the primary field, thereby greatly reducing or even eliminating the detection blind area.
However, due to the characteristics of electronic devices and the capacitance and inductance characteristics of the emission sensor, the emission current cannot meet the theoretical requirement for rapid turn-off, so that the doping of the primary field at the early moment of the response curve of the secondary field causes shallow information to be annihilated, and a shallow detection blind area is generated.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a primary field compensation type electromagnetic detection device, which at least solves the problems existing in the existing electromagnetic detection device.
According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a primary field compensation type electromagnetic probe apparatus, including: the sensor comprises a transmitting coil, a plurality of compensating coils and a receiving sensor, wherein the transmitting coil and the compensating coils are the same in shape and are both regular in shape, and the physical parameters and the electrical parameters of each of the plurality of compensating coils are the same; the transmitting coil surrounds the compensating coil, which surrounds the receiving sensor; the transmitting coil, the compensating coil and the receiving sensor are coaxial in the vertical direction; the transmitting coil and the receiving sensor are located on a first plane, and the compensating coil is located on a different plane from the first plane.
Further, the physical parameter includes at least one of: shape, size, winding process, material, diameter and number of turns; and/or, the electrical parameter comprises at least one of: resistance, capacitance, inductance.
Further, the number of the compensation coils is two.
Further, a plane where a first coil in the compensation coils is located is a second plane, a plane where a second coil in the compensation coils is located is a third plane, the second plane is parallel to the third plane and the first plane, a distance between the second plane and the third plane is N times of a diameter of the compensation coils, the first plane is located between the second plane and the third plane, and N is greater than or equal to 1.
Further, a perpendicular distance from the first plane to the second plane is equal to a perpendicular distance from the first plane to the third plane.
Furthermore, two coils in the compensation coils are connected in series in the same direction, and the winding directions are consistent.
Furthermore, the transmitting coil and the compensating coil are reversely connected in series, two end connecting wires after reverse connection in series are respectively connected into a positive output connecting wire port and a negative output connecting wire port of the transmitting system, and two end connecting wires of the receiving sensor are connected into a signal input end of the receiving system; and two ends of the compensation coil are connected with a resistor R in parallel.
Further, the resistance value of the resistor R is configured to enable the magnetic induction of the transmitting coil and the magnetic induction of the compensating coil to be the same, and the directions of the magnetic induction are opposite.
Further, the transmit coil and the compensation coil are shaped as one of: circular, rectangular, regular polygonal.
Further, the receiving sensor is one of: coil, fluxgate, bar magnet.
In the embodiment of the application, the transmitting coil and the compensating coil are in the same shape, both the transmitting coil and the compensating coil are in regular shapes, the number of the compensating coils is multiple, and the physical parameters and the electrical parameters of each coil in the compensating coils are the same; the transmitting coil surrounds the compensating coil, which surrounds the receiving sensor; the transmitting coil, the compensating coil and the receiving sensor are coaxial in the vertical direction; the transmitting coil and the receiving sensor are located on a first plane, and the compensating coil is located on a different plane from the first plane. The problems of the existing electromagnetic detection device are solved through the method, so that the defects that shallow information is annihilated and shallow detection blind areas are generated due to doping of a time domain primary field at the early moment of a secondary field response curve are overcome, the strict requirements of the positions of the receiving sensor relative to the transmitting coil and the compensating coil are met, and the measurement stability and precision are improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a top view of a primary field compensation type electromagnetic detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 2 is a side view of a primary field compensation electromagnetic detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 3 is a connection diagram and an equivalent circuit diagram of a primary field compensation device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
It should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions and that, although a logical order is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different than presented herein.
In this embodiment, a primary field compensation type electromagnetic detecting apparatus is provided, including: the sensor comprises a transmitting coil, a plurality of compensating coils and a receiving sensor, wherein the transmitting coil and the compensating coils are the same in shape and are both regular in shape, and the physical parameters and the electrical parameters of each of the plurality of compensating coils are the same; the transmitting coil surrounds the compensating coil, which surrounds the receiving sensor; the transmitting coil, the compensating coil and the receiving sensor are coaxial in the vertical direction; the transmitting coil and the receiving sensor are located on a first plane, and the compensating coil is located on a different plane from the first plane.
The problems of the existing electromagnetic detection device are solved by the arrangement of the position of the compensating coil, so that the defects that shallow information is annihilated and a shallow detection blind area is generated due to the fact that a time domain primary field is doped in the early moment of a secondary field response curve are overcome, the strict requirements of the receiving sensor on the positions of the transmitting coil and the compensating coil are met, and the measurement stability and the measurement precision are improved.
The physical and electrical parameters of the compensation coil may be of a wide variety, for example, the physical parameters include at least one of: shape, size, winding process, material, diameter, number of turns; and/or, the electrical parameter comprises at least one of: resistance, capacitance, inductance.
The number of compensation coils may be an even number, and in a preferred embodiment two.
At this time, the plane where the first coil in the compensation coil is located is a second plane, the plane where the second coil in the compensation coil is located is a third plane, the second plane is parallel to the third plane and the first plane, the distance between the second plane and the third plane is N times of the diameter of the compensation coil, the first plane is located between the second plane and the third plane, where N is greater than or equal to 1, and preferably, the value of N is 1.
The perpendicular distance from the first plane to the second plane is equal to the perpendicular distance from the first plane to the third plane. If the number of the coils is more than two, the distances among the even number of the coils are the same, the planes are parallel to the first plane, and the number of the coils on the two sides of the first plane is equal.
In the embodiment, two coils in the compensation coil are connected in series in the same direction, and the winding directions are consistent. The transmitting coil and the compensating coil are reversely connected in series, two ends of the wires which are reversely connected in series are respectively connected into a positive output wire port and a negative output wire port of the transmitting system, and two ends of the wires of the receiving sensor are connected into a signal input end of the receiving system; and two ends of the compensation coil are connected with a resistor R in parallel. Optionally, the resistance value of the resistor R is configured to enable the magnetic induction of the transmitting coil and the compensation coil to be the same, and the magnetic induction directions are opposite.
In this embodiment, the shape of the transmitting coil and the compensating coil is one of: circular, rectangular, regular polygonal. The receiving sensor is one of: coil, fluxgate, bar magnet.
The following description is made with reference to an alternative embodiment in which the primary field compensation device is symmetrical in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, and the vertical direction is coaxial with the horizontal center; the transmitting coil and the compensating coil of the primary field compensation type device have to be identical and regular in shape; the compensation coil of the primary field compensation type device is a combined coil which is parallel and coaxial and has two identical physical parameters (shape, size, winding process, copper wire turns, copper wire diameter, copper wire material and the like) and electrical parameters (resistance, inductance, capacitance and the like), and the distance between the two coils is equal to the diameter of the coil. Wherein, the transmitting coil is positioned at the outermost layer and comprises a compensating coil; the compensation coil is positioned in the middle layer and comprises a receiving sensor; the receiving sensor is located at the innermost layer.
Optionally, the transmitting coil and the compensating coil of the primary field compensation device in this embodiment have shapes including, but not limited to, circular, square, and polygonal, and the receiving sensor includes, but not limited to, coil, fluxgate, and magnetic rod.
After a transmitting coil and a compensating coil in the primary field compensation type device are reversely connected in series, connecting wires at two ends are respectively connected into a positive output wiring port and a negative output wiring port of a transmitting system; two combined coils of the compensation coil are connected in series in the same direction, and the winding directions are consistent; the wiring at the two ends of the receiving sensor is connected to the signal input end of the receiving system. Two ends of the compensation coil are connected with a resistor R in parallel, and the resistance value of the resistor is obtained through indoor correction test according to parameters and processes of the primary field compensation type device.
Through the adjustment of a field compensation type parameter, process design and the adjustment of the resistance value of the parallel resistor R at the two ends of the compensation coil, the magnetic induction intensity of the transmitting coil and the compensation coil should strictly meet the following requirements:
|Blaunching|＝|BCompensation|
The present embodiment will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The primary field compensation device in this embodiment includes a transmitting coil, a compensation coil, and a receiving sensor, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2. The primary field compensation type device is symmetrical in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, the vertical direction is coaxial, and the horizontal centers are coplanar; the transmitting coil and the compensating coil of the primary field compensation type device have to be identical and regular in shape; the compensation coil of the primary field compensation type device is a combined coil which is parallel and coaxial and has two identical physical parameters (shape, size, winding process, copper wire turns, copper wire diameter, copper wire material and the like) and electrical parameters (resistance, inductance, capacitance and the like), and the distance between the two coils is equal to the diameter of the coil. The transmitting coil is positioned on the outermost layer and comprises a compensating coil; the compensation coil is positioned in the middle layer and comprises a receiving sensor; the receiving sensor is located at the innermost layer. The shapes of the transmitting coil and the compensating coil of the primary field compensation type device include, but are not limited to, circles, squares and polygons, and the receiving sensor includes, but is not limited to, a coil, a fluxgate and a magnetic rod.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic connection diagram and an equivalent circuit diagram of a primary field compensation type device, as shown in fig. 3, after a transmitting coil and a compensating coil in the primary field compensation type device are reversely connected in series, two end connections are respectively connected to a positive output connection port and a negative output connection port of a transmitting system; two combined coils of the compensation coil are connected in series in the same direction, and the winding directions are consistent; the wiring at the two ends of the receiving sensor is connected to the signal input end of the receiving system. Two ends of the compensation coil are connected with a resistor R in parallel, and the resistance value of the resistor is obtained through indoor correction test according to parameters and processes of the primary field compensation type device.
The method for the correction test comprises the following steps: under the shielding environment without interference and magnetic field, the primary field compensation type suspension is stable, the transmitting system transmits a current signal with fixed frequency and amplitude to the transmitting coil and the compensating coil, and the receiving system measures the amplitude of the received signal through the receiving sensor. When the resistance value of the parallel resistor R is adjusted, the resistance value when the amplitude of the received signal is infinitely close to zero is the determined resistance value of the parallel resistor R.
Through the parameter adjustment of a field compensation type device, process design and the adjustment of the resistance value of the parallel resistor R at the two ends of the compensation coil, the magnetic induction intensity of the transmitting coil and the compensation coil should strictly meet the following requirements:
|Blaunching|＝|BCompensation| (1)
Because transmitting coil and compensating coil are anti-series connection, the electric current opposite direction, then the magnetic induction direction is opposite, then:
Blaunching＝-BCompensation (2)
Take a circular transmitting coil, a circular receiving coil sensor as an example: setting the number of turns of the round transmitting coil as nLaunchingRadius of the transmitting coil is rLaunchingRadius of the compensating coil is rCompensationRadius of the circular receiving coil sensor is rReceivingVacuum magnetic permeability of mu0The emission current is I. According to the Biot-Savart law, the magnetic induction intensity at the center of the transmitting coil can be deduced:
magnetic induction intensity at the center of the compensation coil:
when the radii of the circular transmitting coil and the compensating coil satisfy the following relationship:
the following equations (1), (3) and (4) can be obtained:
setting the number of turns of the round transmitting coil as nLaunching40 turns, the radius of the transmitting coil is rLaunching40cm, the compensation coil radius rCompensation20cm, circular receiver coil sensor radius rReceiving10cm, as shown in fig. 3. N is calculated according to the formula (5)Compensation14 turns.
Through the embodiment, the defects that shallow information is annihilated and shallow detection blind areas are generated due to the fact that the time domain primary field is doped at the early moment of a secondary field response curve are overcome, the strict requirements of the positions of the receiving sensor relative to the transmitting coil and the compensating coil are met, the measurement stability and precision are improved, and the geological problem of shallow and ultra-shallow electromagnetic detection is solved.
The above are merely examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A primary field compensation type electromagnetic probe apparatus, comprising: a transmitting coil, a compensating coil, and a receiving sensor, wherein,
the transmitting coil and the compensating coil are the same in shape and are both regular in shape, the number of the compensating coils is multiple, and the physical parameters and the electrical parameters of each coil in the compensating coils are the same;
the transmitting coil surrounds the compensating coil, which surrounds the receiving sensor;
the transmitting coil, the compensating coil and the receiving sensor are coaxial in the vertical direction;
the transmitting coil and the receiving sensor are located on a first plane, and the compensating coil is located on a different plane from the first plane.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the physical parameter comprises at least one of: shape, size, winding process, material, diameter, number of turns; and/or, the electrical parameter comprises at least one of: resistance, capacitance, inductance.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the compensation coil is two.
4. The device of claim 3, wherein the plane of the first coil of the compensation coils is a second plane, the plane of the second coil of the compensation coils is a third plane, the second plane is parallel to the third plane and the first plane, the distance between the second plane and the third plane is N times the diameter of the compensation coils, the first plane is between the second plane and the third plane, and N is greater than or equal to 1.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein a perpendicular distance from the first plane to the second plane is equal to a perpendicular distance from the first plane to the third plane.
6. The method of any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein two of the compensation coils are connected in series in the same direction, and the winding directions are the same.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the transmitting coil and the compensating coil are connected in series in an inverted manner, two ends of the wires after the series connection in the inverted manner are respectively connected to a positive output wire port and a negative output wire port of a transmitting system, and two ends of the wires of the receiving sensor are connected to a signal input end of a receiving system; and two ends of the compensation coil are connected with a resistor R in parallel.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the resistance of the resistor R is configured to enable the magnetic induction of the transmitting coil and the compensating coil to be the same and opposite.
9. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the transmit coil and the compensation coil are shaped as one of: circular, rectangular, regular polygonal.
10. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the receiving sensor is one of: coil, fluxgate, bar magnet.
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| CN202210098015.0A CN114624782A (en) | 2022-01-27 | 2022-01-27 | Primary field compensation type electromagnetic detection device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115857026A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-03-28 | 中国地质调查局地球物理调查中心 | Detection method |
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