CN114624649B - Method for positioning airborne passive synthetic aperture radiation source insensitive to residual frequency offset - Google Patents
Method for positioning airborne passive synthetic aperture radiation source insensitive to residual frequency offset Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/06—Position of source determined by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements
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Abstract
The invention provides a positioning method of an airborne passive synthetic aperture radiation source insensitive to residual frequency offset, which adopts two pairs of detection antennas, wherein one pair of detection antennas is set to be in a forward-looking oblique mode, the angle of oblique viewing is 35 degrees, signals emitted by a radiation source target are passively received, the other antenna is set to be in a positive-looking lateral mode, namely, the angle of oblique viewing is 0 degrees, signals emitted by the radiation source target are passively received, and the two signals are respectively processed to respectively acquire an azimuth zero Doppler moment estimated value and an acquired distance estimated value, so that the high-precision positioning of the radiation source target insensitive to the residual frequency offset is realized. According to the invention, under the condition that the received signal has residual frequency offset, the high-precision positioning of the radiation source target can be realized, the problems of large operation amount in the residual frequency offset estimation process and low precision of the residual frequency offset estimation result in the actual application scene are solved, and the actual application performance of the passive synthetic aperture positioning system is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a positioning method of an airborne passive synthetic aperture radiation source insensitive to residual frequency offset, belonging to the field of radio reconnaissance.
Background
The classical passive synthetic aperture radiation source positioning method is that a plurality of groups of local matched filters with different tuning frequencies are matched and filtered with Doppler signals in received signals, the peak time after the filtering corresponds to azimuth time, and the peak tuning frequency corresponds to distance. The positioning accuracy of the classical method is affected by the residual frequency offset, and in the practical application scene, the size of the matched filtering peak value is insensitive to the residual frequency offset. However, the existence of the residual frequency offset can seriously affect the azimuth estimation precision, and the practical application performance of the passive synthetic aperture radiation source positioning system is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a positioning method of an airborne passive synthetic aperture radiation source insensitive to residual frequency offset, which aims at: the method can be used for positioning the radiation source with high precision by utilizing the passive synthetic aperture technology under the condition that the residual frequency offset exists and is unknown.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme:
an airborne passive synthetic aperture radiation source positioning method insensitive to residual frequency offset comprises the following steps: adopting two pairs of detection antennas, wherein one pair of detection antennas is set to be in a oblique forward looking mode, the oblique viewing angle is 35 degrees, the signal emitted by a radiation source target is passively received, and the received signal is subjected to down-conversion processing to obtain a baseband signal; performing de-modulation processing on the baseband signal; sequentially carrying out matched filtering on the baseband signals subjected to demodulation by using a local matched filter bank to obtain an azimuth zero Doppler time estimated value;
the other antenna is set to be in a positive side view mode, namely, the oblique view angle is 0 degrees, signals emitted by a radiation source target are passively received, and down-conversion processing is carried out on the received signals to obtain baseband signals; performing de-modulation processing on the baseband signal, and sequentially performing matched filtering on the baseband signal subjected to de-modulation by using a local matched filter bank to obtain a distance estimation value;
and combining the azimuth zero Doppler moment estimated value and the distance estimated value which are respectively acquired by the two antennae to realize the high-precision positioning of the radiation source target insensitive to the residual frequency offset.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
step one, utilizing an oblique forward looking detection antenna with an oblique viewing angle of 35 degrees to passively receive a signal emitted by a radiation source target, and performing down-conversion processing on the received signal to obtain a baseband signal; and performing de-modulation processing on the baseband signal.
Setting the instantaneous distance between the plane and the radiation source target as R, and flying the radiation source target to the planeThe distance of the route is R 0 R and R 0 The relationship of (2) is shown in the formula (1),
wherein: the flight speed of the aircraft is v, and the zero Doppler moment (azimuth time) is t p 。
The signal after the baseband de-modulation process in step one can be expressed as:
wherein f 0 For the carrier frequency of the radiation source, c is the speed of light, f 1 Is the residual frequency offset.
Step two, setting a local matched filter bank H k (f) The frequency domain expression is shown in formula (3):
wherein R is k The distance estimation value corresponding to the kth matched filter is represented, and N represents the total number of filters.
Then each filter in the local matched filter bank is utilized to sequentially filter the signals after the baseband de-modulation processing in the step one, and a group of filtered signals r are obtained k (t)。
Step three, for the signal r output by each filter in step two k (t) taking the amplitude search peak value and recording the peak value size, and the moment when the largest peak value in the N matched output peak values appearsAs an estimate of azimuth zero doppler time.
Step four, utilizing a positive side view detection antenna with the oblique view angle of 0 DEG to passively receive a signal emitted by a radiation source target, and performing down-conversion processing on the received signal to obtain a baseband signal; the baseband signal is subjected to de-modulation processing to obtain r (t), and the expression of r (t) is shown in a formula (1).
Step five, setting a local matched filter bank H k (f) The frequency domain expression is shown in formula (3), and each filter in the local matched filter bank is utilized to sequentially filter the signals after the baseband de-modulation processing in the fourth step, so as to obtain a group of filtered signals r' k (t)。
Step six, for the signal r 'output by each filter in step five' k (t) taking the amplitude, searching the peak position and recording the peak size p k . Among the N peaks of the matching output, the maximum peak is found and recorded as p max 。p max The corresponding matched filter parameters are denoted as R max . R is R max As a radiation source target distance-to-distance estimate.
Step seven, combining the estimated value of the radiation source azimuth zero Doppler moment obtained in the step threeThe radiation source distance-to-distance estimated value R obtained in the step six max And three parameters of the aircraft flight altitude h, determining the radiation source position.
The beneficial effects are that:
the method for respectively determining the azimuth zero Doppler moment and the distance of the radiation source by utilizing the two antennae can realize high-precision positioning of the target of the radiation source under the condition that the received signal has residual frequency offset. The problems of large operand and low accuracy of the residual frequency offset estimation result in the actual application scene are solved, and the actual application performance of the passive synthetic aperture positioning system is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for positioning an airborne passive synthetic aperture radiation source insensitive to residual frequency offset;
fig. 2 is a geometric model diagram of an on-board passive synthetic aperture radiation source positioning method insensitive to residual frequency offset.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna-receiving radiation source signal.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a signal of a receiving radiation source of the antenna two.
Detailed Description
For a better description of the objects and advantages of the present invention, the following description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the method for positioning the airborne passive synthetic aperture radiation source insensitive to residual frequency offset disclosed in the embodiment specifically comprises the following implementation steps:
the unmanned aerial vehicle is assumed to fly straight at a constant speed, the flying speed v is 15m/s, and the flying height is 400 meters. Carrier frequency f of radiation source 0 Distance R from radiation source to unmanned aerial vehicle route is 5.5GHz 0 The geometric model is shown in figure 2 for 8 km.
Step one, a signal emitted by a radiation source target is received by an oblique front view detection antenna with an oblique view angle of 35 degrees, and the distance from the radiation source to the unmanned aerial vehicle is about 10km, as shown in fig. 3. Performing down-conversion processing on the received signal to obtain a baseband signal; and performing de-modulation processing on the baseband signal.
The instantaneous distance between the plane and the radiation source target is set as R, and the distance from the radiation source target to the unmanned plane flight route is set as R 0 R and R 0 The relationship of (2) is shown in the formula (1),
wherein: the flight speed of the aircraft is v, and the zero Doppler moment (azimuth time) is t p 。
The signal after the baseband de-modulation process in step one can be expressed as:
wherein f 0 For the carrier frequency of the radiation source, c is the speed of light, f 1 Is the residual frequency offset.
Step two, setting a local matched filter bank H k (f) The frequency domain expression is shown in formula (3):
wherein R is k The distance estimation value corresponding to the kth matched filter is represented, and N represents the total number of filters. In the present embodiment, the range-to-range search range, i.e., R k The value range of (2) is from 7510 m to 8500 m, the search is stepped by 10 m, and the total number of filters N is equal to 100.
Then each filter in the local matched filter bank is utilized to sequentially filter the signals after the baseband de-modulation processing in the step one, and a group of filtered signals r are obtained k (t)。
Step three, for the signal r output by each filter in step two k (t) taking the amplitude search peak value and recording the peak value size, and the moment when the largest peak value in the N matched output peak values appearsAs an estimate of azimuth zero doppler time. For example, if the 33 th matched filter has the largest matched output peak of 100 matched output peaks and the peak occurs at 378 seconds, then 378 seconds is taken as the estimated radiation source azimuth to zero Doppler.
And step four, the unmanned aerial vehicle continues to fly forwards, and the positive side view detection antenna with the strabismus angle of 0 degree starts to receive signals emitted by the radiation source targets, as shown in fig. 4. Performing down-conversion processing on the received signal to obtain a baseband signal; the baseband signal is subjected to de-modulation processing to obtain r (t), and the expression of r (t) is shown in a formula (1).
Step five, setting a local matched filter bank H k (f) The frequency domain expression is shown in the formula (3), and each filter in the local matched filter bank is used for filtering the signals after the baseband de-modulation processing in the step four in sequence to obtainTo a set of filtered signals r' k (t). In the present embodiment, the range-to-range search range, i.e., R k The value range of (2) is from 7510 m to 8500 m, the search is stepped by 10 m, and the total number of filters N is equal to 100.
Step six, for the signal r 'output by each filter in step five' k (t) taking the amplitude, searching the peak position and recording the peak size p k . Among the N peaks of the matching output, the maximum peak is found and recorded as p max 。p max The corresponding matched filter parameters are denoted as R max . R is R max As a radiation source target distance-to-distance estimate. For example, in 100 matched output peaks, 49 th matched filter H 49 (f) Maximum matching output peak value, corresponding R 49 7990 meters, then 7990 is taken as the source range-to-range estimate.
Step seven, combining the estimated value of the radiation source azimuth zero Doppler moment obtained in the step threeThe radiation source distance-to-distance estimated value R obtained in the step six max The radiation source position is determined. In this embodiment, the radiation source position estimate is: taking the position of the 378 th second unmanned aerial vehicle as a starting point, and being perpendicular to the direction 7990 meters away from the unmanned aerial vehicle.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow.
Claims (1)
1. The positioning method of the airborne passive synthetic aperture radiation source insensitive to the residual frequency offset is characterized in that two pairs of detection antennas are adopted, one pair of detection antennas is set to be in a forward-looking oblique mode, the angle of oblique viewing is 35 degrees, signals emitted by a radiation source target are passively received, and the received signals are processed to obtain an azimuth zero Doppler time estimated value;
the other antenna is set to be in a positive side view mode, namely, the oblique view angle is 0 degrees, signals emitted by a radiation source target are passively received, and the received signals are processed to obtain a distance-to-distance estimated value;
combining the azimuth zero Doppler moment estimated value and the distance estimated value which are respectively acquired by the two antennae, and realizing the high-precision positioning of the radiation source target insensitive to the residual frequency offset;
the two received signals are processed, including, firstly, down-conversion processing is carried out to obtain baseband signals; the baseband signal is subjected to demodulation processing, the baseband signal after demodulation is subjected to matched filtering by utilizing a local matched filter bank, and an azimuth zero Doppler moment estimated value and a distance estimated value are respectively obtained after the two signals are processed;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, utilizing an oblique forward looking detection antenna with an oblique viewing angle of 35 degrees to passively receive a signal emitted by a radiation source target, and performing down-conversion processing on the received signal to obtain a baseband signal; performing de-modulation processing on the baseband signal;
setting the instantaneous distance between the plane and the radiation source target as R, and setting the distance between the radiation source target and the plane flight route as R 0 R and R 0 The relationship of (2) is shown in the formula (1),
wherein: the flight speed of the aircraft is v, and the azimuth time at zero Doppler moment is t p ；
The signal after the baseband de-modulation process in step one is represented as:
wherein f 0 For the carrier frequency of the radiation source, c is the speed of light, f 1 Is the residual frequency offset;
step two, setting a local matched filter bank H k (f) The frequency domain expression is shown in formula (3):
wherein R is k Representing a distance estimation value corresponding to a kth matched filter, wherein N represents the total number of the filters;
then each filter in the local matched filter bank is utilized to sequentially filter the signals after the baseband de-modulation processing in the step one, and a group of filtered signals r are obtained k (t)；
Step three, for the signal r output by each filter in step two k (t) taking the amplitude search peak value and recording the peak value size, and the moment when the largest peak value in the N matched output peak values appearsAs the azimuth zero Doppler moment estimated value;
step four, utilizing a positive side view detection antenna with the oblique view angle of 0 DEG to passively receive a signal emitted by a radiation source target, and performing down-conversion processing on the received signal to obtain a baseband signal; performing de-modulation processing on the baseband signal to obtain r (t), wherein the expression of r (t) is shown in a formula (2);
step five, setting a local matched filter bank H k (f) The frequency domain expression is shown in formula (3), and each filter in the local matched filter bank is utilized to sequentially filter the signals after the baseband de-modulation processing in the fourth step, so as to obtain a group of filtered signals r' k (t)；
Step six, for the signal r 'output by each filter in step five' k (t) taking the amplitude, searching the peak position and recording the peak size p k The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Among the N peaks of the matching output, the maximum peak is found and recorded as p max ；p max The corresponding matched filter parameters are denoted as R max The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the R is R max As a radiation source target distance-to-distance estimate;
step seven, combining the estimated value of the radiation source azimuth zero Doppler moment obtained in the step threeThe radiation source distance-to-distance estimated value R obtained in the step six max And three parameters of the aircraft flight altitude h, determining the radiation source position.
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