CN114624538A - Electrocardio electrode capability test device - Google Patents
Electrocardio electrode capability test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114624538A CN114624538A CN202210310746.7A CN202210310746A CN114624538A CN 114624538 A CN114624538 A CN 114624538A CN 202210310746 A CN202210310746 A CN 202210310746A CN 114624538 A CN114624538 A CN 114624538A
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electrocardio-electrode performance testing device. The device comprises a skin-like medium, a pressure applying module, an electrocardiosignal simulation module, a signal acquisition module and a performance analysis module; the skin-like medium is internally provided with a conductive electrode as an input end of the skin-like medium, and the skin-like medium is attached with a dry electrode to be detected and a reference wet electrode as output ends of the skin-like medium; the pressure applying module is used for applying different pressures to the dry electrode to be tested and the reference wet electrode; the electrocardiosignal simulation module is used for generating electrocardiosignals for testing and outputting the electrocardiosignals to a skin-like medium through a conducting electrode; the signal acquisition module is connected with the output end of the skin-like medium; the output end of the signal acquisition module is connected with the input end of the performance analysis module; the performance analysis module is used for processing the impedance signal and the electrocardiosignal acquired by the signal acquisition module so as to evaluate the performance of the electrode. The invention can realize accurate measurement of electrode-skin contact impedance and electrocardiosignal integrity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrocardio-electrode performance detection, relates to a skin-like medium and electrocardio-signal quality evaluation technology, and particularly relates to an electrocardio-electrode performance testing device.
Background
The heart disease treatment method has the advantages that the heart disease treatment method is continuously developed in the current society, improves living standard of people, brings greater living pressure to people, and causes frequent heart disease occurrence in middle-aged and old people. Electrocardiographic monitoring and wearable electrocardiography are important means widely used by various clinical departments and monitoring rooms for monitoring the electrical activity of the heart and further diagnosing the state of an illness. The electrocardio-electrode collects the bioelectric signals by contacting with the skin of a special part of a body and outputs the bioelectric signals to be used for diagnosis and analysis by doctors and experts, so the electrocardio-electrode with high performance has important significance for reducing misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis of diseases. At present, a disposable conductive gel wet electrode is commonly used for detecting electrocardio in medical treatment, the biggest defect of the wet electrode is that the measurement error of the electrode becomes larger along with the measurement time, the electrode is not suitable for long-time monitoring, and the dry electrode solves the problem that the measurement error becomes larger during long-time monitoring. However, due to the differences of the characteristics of different electrocardio-electrodes, it is difficult to perform performance tests on novel electrocardio-electrodes according to the measurement results of standards, so that it is particularly important to perform standardized tests on the electrocardio-electrodes.
At present, a complete system for testing the performance of the electrocardio-electrode does not exist, and the electrocardio-electrode performance testing system is provided by the patent aiming at the problems of low efficiency, poor detection precision and the like existing in the manual detection of the performance of the electrode. The electrocardio-electrode performance test system evaluates the performance result of acquiring the physiological electric signal on the surface of the simulation skin through the test electrode, and the simulation skin and the real human skin show the same characteristics in measuring the electrocardio-signal. The system can apply different pressures during the contact of the electrodes with the simulated skin and simulate the signal measurement of different body parts during the real measurement process by testing at different orientations of the skin.
In the prior art, for example, chinese patent document CN201710354836 proposes an electrocardiograph electrode electrical performance tester, which solves the problems of few detection functions and low detection efficiency of manual detection of an electrocardiograph electrode slice, but still has the problem of inaccurate detection results because the test is not performed through simulation skin. In summary, the related art for testing the performance of the electrode has some defects, such as that the simulated skin is not used to simulate the real skin acquisition signal, different pressures cannot be applied, and the performance of the electrode at different placement angles cannot be tested.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects or the improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides the electrocardio-electrode performance testing device, which simulates the skin property of a human body through a skin-like medium, realizes the accurate measurement of the electrode-skin contact impedance and the electrocardiosignal integrity, simulates the dynamic change under the real situation based on a pressure applying module, further standardizes the electrocardio-electrode performance testing process, provides the electrode performance evaluation result, effectively improves the electrode testing consistency and reduces the electrode performance testing difference caused by individual difference.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to realize the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an electrocardio-electrode performance testing device comprises a skin-like medium, a pressure applying module, an electrocardio-signal simulating module, a signal collecting module and a performance analyzing module; the skin-like medium is internally provided with a conductive electrode as an input end of the skin-like medium, and the skin-like medium is attached with a dry electrode to be detected and a reference wet electrode as output ends of the skin-like medium; the pressure applying module is used for applying different pressures to the dry electrode to be tested and the reference wet electrode; the electrocardiosignal simulation module is used for generating electrocardiosignals for testing, controlling the electrocardiosignals to be output to the digital-to-analog conversion circuit through the MCU, converting the digital signals into simulation electrocardiosignals by the digital-to-analog conversion circuit, and outputting the simulation electrocardiosignals to the skin-like medium through the conducting electrode; the signal acquisition module is connected with the output end of the skin-like medium and is used for acquiring skin electrode contact impedance between the dry electrode to be detected and the skin-like medium and simulating an output signal of an electrocardiosignal after the electrocardiosignal passes through the skin-like medium and the electrode to be detected; the output end of the signal acquisition module is connected with the input end of the performance analysis module; the performance analysis module is used for processing the impedance signal and the electrocardiosignal acquired by the signal acquisition module so as to evaluate the performance of the electrode.
Further, the pressure application module comprises a base, the base is provided with a fixing mechanism for fixing the skin-like medium, a weight block for applying pressure to the measured dry electrode is installed above the base, and the weight block is connected with the pressure application mechanism.
Furthermore, the electrocardiosignal simulation module comprises a power circuit, a microprocessor, a keyboard control module, a liquid crystal display module, a digital-to-analog conversion module and a filtering and amplifying circuit; the liquid crystal display module and the keyboard control module are used for realizing human-computer interaction, and the keyboard control module is used for realizing selection of waveforms, selection of frequencies and selection of output voltages; the standard signal output by the digital-to-analog conversion module passes through a low-pass filter to filter high-frequency noise, and the output signal is connected with a resistance network to control the amplitude of the output signal.
Furthermore, the signal acquisition module comprises an impedance acquisition circuit and an electrocardiosignal acquisition module, wherein the input ends of the impedance acquisition circuit and the electrocardiosignal acquisition module are connected with the dry electrode to be detected and the reference wet electrode, and the impedance acquisition module is used for acquiring skin electrode contact impedance between the dry electrode to be detected and the reference wet electrode and a skin-like medium and simulating an output signal of the electrocardiosignal after the electrocardiosignal passes through the skin-like medium and the detected electrode;
the impedance acquisition circuit comprises a contact impedance simulation module, an ECG signal simulation front end, a logic switch matrix module, an excitation sensor, a digital-to-analog converter, an analog-to-digital converter and a TIA amplifier; the output end of the analog-digital converter is connected with the positive input end of the excitation sensor, the output end and two reverse phase input ends of the excitation sensor are connected with the logic switch matrix module, the ECG analog front end and the contact impedance analog module are connected with the logic switch matrix module, the input end of the TIA amplifier is connected with the logic switch matrix module, and the input end of the analog-digital converter is connected with the output end of the TIA amplifier; the digital-to-analog converter is used for generating square waves, and the excitation sensor is used for converting the square waves into excitation current; exciting current flows into the contact impedance simulation module through the logic switch matrix module, and flows back to the logic switch matrix module after flowing through the contact impedance simulation module; the TIA amplifier is used for converting the exciting current into exciting voltage, and the digital-to-analog converter is used for performing discrete Fourier transform and calculating real-time impedance.
Compared with the prior art, the electrocardio-electrode performance testing device provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the electrocardio-electrode performance testing device provided by the invention adopts the skin-like medium to simulate the conductivity of the skin, so that the testing results of the skin impedance of the electrode can be unified, the de-differentiation of the testing results between different electrodes can be realized, and the impedance testing results can be standardized.
(2) The electrocardio-electrode performance testing device provided by the invention applies the pressure applying mechanism to simulate the contact force change of the human skin and the electrode under a dynamic situation, thereby realizing the electrode-skin impedance standardized measurement under the dynamic situation and providing more index information for the electrode performance testing result.
(3) The electrocardio-electrode performance testing device adopts the electrocardiosignal simulation module and the electrocardiosignal quality evaluation module, and obtains the actual test signal quality of the tested electrode by simulating the electrocardio output signals obtained by the electrocardiosignals through different tested electrodes, thereby obtaining more performance evaluation indexes, perfecting the performance evaluation system of the electrodes and ensuring that the electrode performance evaluation result is more reliable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a pressure application module of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an impedance signal acquisition module of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an architecture diagram of an ECG signal simulation module according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the quality evaluation of the electrocardiographic signal according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, the device for testing the performance of the electrocardio-electrode comprises a skin-like medium 1, a pressure applying module 2, an electrocardiosignal simulating module 3, a signal collecting module 4 and a performance analyzing module 5; the skin-like medium is internally provided with a conductive electrode 6 as an input end of the skin-like medium, and the skin-like medium is attached with a dry electrode 7 to be detected and a reference wet electrode 8 as output ends of the skin-like medium; the pressure applying module is used for applying different pressures to the dry electrode to be tested and the reference wet electrode; the electrocardiosignal simulation module is used for generating electrocardiosignals for testing, controlling the electrocardiosignals to be output to the digital-to-analog conversion circuit through the MCU, converting the digital signals into simulation electrocardiosignals by the digital-to-analog conversion circuit, and outputting the simulation electrocardiosignals to the skin-like medium through the conducting electrode; the signal acquisition module is connected with the output end of the skin-like medium and is used for acquiring skin electrode contact impedance between the dry electrode to be detected and the skin-like medium and simulating an output signal of an electrocardiosignal after the electrocardiosignal passes through the skin-like medium and the electrode to be detected; the output end of the signal acquisition module is connected with the input end of the performance analysis module; the performance analysis module is used for processing the impedance signal and the electrocardiosignal acquired by the signal acquisition module so as to evaluate the performance of the electrode. In the software system part, correlation analysis, time-frequency analysis, R wave positioning and impedance performance test are carried out on the collected signals to obtain correlation performance indexes.
The skin-like medium described in this example can be prepared using the following protocol disclosed in the [1] reference:
first, an aqueous gelatin solution and an aqueous solution of 50% kerosene and 50% safflower oil (hereinafter referred to as oil) were produced and placed at a temperature of 50 ℃, and then a large amount of the gelatin solution and the oil were mixed and a surfactant was added. Vigorous stirring can form a homogeneous emulsion. The emulsion is cooled to 40 ℃ and a certain amount of formaldehyde solution is added. The emulsion is then cooled to about 34 ℃ and poured into a container such as a mold. When the temperature drops below 26 degrees celsius, the gelatin matrix around the oil droplets coagulates. The chemical cross-linking of the gelatin molecules with formaldehyde increases the melting point of the gelatin matrix to above 100 degrees celsius within 24 hours.
It can also be prepared by the following scheme disclosed in [2 ]:
to make the skin-like medium, the gelatin solution (prior to curing) was weighed and hand mixed in a container. The carbon powder was then weighed into the gelatin mixture and the material was stirred with a metal stirrer for a few minutes until its appearance was uniform. The whole process is completed in the fume hood due to the adoption of the carbon powder. For samples with high carbon content, the mixture was very thick and required manual kneading. Only the visual uniformity is evaluated in the mixing stage, and the finished skin-like medium is obtained after curing.
[1] M. Lazebnik et al., “Tissue-mimicking phantom materials for narrowband and ultrawideband microwave applications,” Phys. Med. Biol., vol. 50. pp. 4245–4258, 2005.
[2] J. Garrett and E. Fear, “Stable and flexible materials to mimic the dielectric properties of human soft tissues,” IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 13, pp. 599–602, 2014.
As shown in fig. 2, the pressure applying module 2 in this embodiment includes a base 2-1, a fixing mechanism 2-2 for fixing the skin-like medium is disposed on the base, a weight 2-3 for applying pressure to the dry electrode to be measured is mounted above the base, and the weight is connected to the pressure applying mechanism 2-4. In the testing process, the skin-like medium attached to the dry electrode is placed on the base, the pressure platform above the pressure platform is released, uniform pressure can be applied to the skin-like medium, and the pressure can be increased by increasing the mass of the load on the pressure platform.
As shown in fig. 4, the ecg signal simulation module in this embodiment is divided into a hardware portion and a software portion. The design of hardware mainly uses a low-power consumption singlechip of STC company to realize the control of electrocardiosignals and the storage of data. The software mainly comprises an STC single chip microcomputer program and an application program written by using LabVIEW. The single chip program mainly receives and stores data of a serial port, responds to input of a keyboard, displays control information and controls a DAC to output electrocardiosignals. The application program compiled by LabVIEW mainly selects electrocardiosignals needing simulation and transmits data to the simulator through a USB simulation serial port to realize updating of the electrocardiosignals. The hardware circuit completes the storage of electrocardiosignal data, the output of electrocardiosignals, digital-to-analog conversion and the change of signal amplitude on the singlechip. The designed hardware circuit mainly comprises a power supply circuit, a microprocessor, a keyboard control part, a liquid crystal display part, a digital-to-analog conversion part, a filtering amplification part and the like. The liquid crystal display module and the keys realize human-computer interaction. The key has the main functions of realizing selection of waveforms, selection of frequencies and selection of output voltages. The electrocardio simulator adopts serial communication to complete the import of electrocardio data. The output standard signal passes through a low-pass filter to filter high-frequency noise, and the output signal is connected with a resistance network to control the amplitude of the output signal.
The signal acquisition module in the embodiment comprises an impedance acquisition circuit and an electrocardiosignal acquisition module, wherein the input ends of the impedance acquisition circuit and the electrocardiosignal acquisition module are connected with the dry electrode to be detected and the reference wet electrode, and the impedance acquisition module is used for acquiring skin electrode contact impedance between the dry electrode to be detected and the reference wet electrode and a skin-like medium and simulating an output signal of an electrocardiosignal after the electrocardiosignal passes through the skin-like medium and the detected electrode;
as shown in fig. 3, the impedance collecting circuit includes a contact impedance simulating module, an ECG signal simulating front end, a logic switch matrix module, an excitation sensor, a digital-to-analog converter, an analog-to-digital converter, and a TIA amplifier; the output end of the analog-digital converter is connected with the positive input end of the excitation sensor, the output end and two reverse phase input ends of the excitation sensor are connected with the logic switch matrix module, the ECG analog front end and the contact impedance analog module are connected with the logic switch matrix module, the input end of the TIA amplifier is connected with the logic switch matrix module, and the input end of the analog-digital converter is connected with the output end of the TIA amplifier; the digital-to-analog converter is used for generating square waves, and the excitation sensor is used for converting the square waves into excitation current; exciting current flows into the contact impedance simulation module through the logic switch matrix module, and flows back to the logic switch matrix module after flowing through the contact impedance simulation module; the TIA amplifier is used for converting the exciting current into exciting voltage, and the digital-to-analog converter is used for performing discrete Fourier transform and calculating real-time impedance.
Referring to fig. 5, the quality evaluation of the electrocardiographic signal by the electrocardiographic electrode performance testing apparatus of the present invention can be divided into the following steps: resampling and normalizing the original signal; detecting whether the lead falling phenomenon exists in the signals; extracting time domain, frequency domain and nonlinear domain characteristics of the signals without lead falling; and inputting the feature vectors into an SVM classifier to perform acceptable and unacceptable two classifications.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. An electrocardio-electrode performance testing device is characterized by comprising a skin-like medium, a pressure applying module, an electrocardio-signal simulating module, a signal collecting module and a performance analyzing module; the skin-like medium is internally provided with a conductive electrode as an input end of the skin-like medium, and the skin-like medium is attached with a dry electrode to be detected and a reference wet electrode as output ends of the skin-like medium; the pressure applying module is used for applying different pressures to the dry electrode to be tested and the reference wet electrode; the electrocardiosignal simulation module is used for generating electrocardiosignals for testing, controlling the electrocardiosignals to be output to the digital-to-analog conversion circuit through the MCU, converting the digital signals into simulation electrocardiosignals by the digital-to-analog conversion circuit, and outputting the simulation electrocardiosignals to the skin-like medium through the conducting electrode; the signal acquisition module is connected with the output end of the skin-like medium and is used for acquiring skin electrode contact impedance between the dry electrode to be detected and the skin-like medium and simulating an output signal of an electrocardiosignal after the electrocardiosignal passes through the skin-like medium and the electrode to be detected; the output end of the signal acquisition module is connected with the input end of the performance analysis module; the performance analysis module is used for processing the impedance signal and the electrocardiosignal acquired by the signal acquisition module so as to evaluate the performance of the electrode.
2. The device for testing the performance of the electrocardio-electrode according to the claim 1, wherein the pressure applying module comprises a base, a fixing mechanism for fixing the skin-like medium is arranged on the base, a weight for applying pressure to the tested dry electrode is arranged above the base, and the weight is connected with the pressure applying mechanism.
3. The device for testing the performance of the electrocardio-electrode according to the claim 1, characterized in that the electrocardiosignal simulation module comprises a power circuit, a microprocessor, a keyboard control module, a liquid crystal display module, a digital-to-analog conversion module and a filtering and amplifying circuit; the liquid crystal display module and the keyboard control module are used for realizing human-computer interaction, and the keyboard control module is used for realizing selection of waveforms, selection of frequencies and selection of output voltages; the standard signal output by the digital-to-analog conversion module passes through a low-pass filter to filter high-frequency noise, and the output signal is connected with a resistance network to control the amplitude of the output signal.
4. The device for testing the performance of the electrocardio-electrode according to the claim 1, wherein the signal acquisition module comprises an impedance acquisition circuit and an electrocardio-signal acquisition module, the input ends of the impedance acquisition circuit and the electrocardio-signal acquisition module are connected with the dry electrode to be tested and the reference wet electrode, and the impedance acquisition module is used for acquiring the contact impedance of the skin electrode between the dry electrode to be tested and the skin-like medium as well as the skin-like medium and simulating the output signal of the electrocardio-signal after passing through the skin-like medium and the electrode to be tested;
the impedance acquisition circuit comprises a contact impedance simulation module, an ECG signal simulation front end, a logic switch matrix module, an excitation sensor, a digital-to-analog converter, an analog-to-digital converter and a TIA amplifier; the output end of the analog-digital converter is connected with the positive input end of the excitation sensor, the output end and two reverse phase input ends of the excitation sensor are connected with the logic switch matrix module, the ECG analog front end and the contact impedance analog module are connected with the logic switch matrix module, the input end of the TIA amplifier is connected with the logic switch matrix module, and the input end of the analog-digital converter is connected with the output end of the TIA amplifier; the digital-to-analog converter is used for generating square waves, and the excitation sensor is used for converting the square waves into excitation current; exciting current flows into the contact impedance simulation module through the logic switch matrix module, and flows back to the logic switch matrix module after flowing through the contact impedance simulation module; the TIA amplifier is used for converting the exciting current into exciting voltage, and the digital-to-analog converter is used for performing discrete Fourier transform and calculating real-time impedance.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115273590A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-11-01 | 赵雯冬 | Simulated operation device for simulating EGM electric signal in heart chamber |
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| CN202568245U (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-12-05 | 上海理工大学 | Monitoring device for contact state of electrocardio electrode and skin |
| CN106667480A (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2017-05-17 | 杭州三目科技有限公司 | Anthropometric dummy for performance test of wearing type physiological signal detection device |
| CN108693228A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-10-23 | 天津工业大学 | A kind of wear-type electrocardioelectrodevice performance evaluation test platform |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101947111A (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2011-01-19 | 深圳市理邦精密仪器股份有限公司 | Electrocardio-analog device and electrocardio-analog method for outputting polarization voltage signal |
| CN202568245U (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-12-05 | 上海理工大学 | Monitoring device for contact state of electrocardio electrode and skin |
| CN106667480A (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2017-05-17 | 杭州三目科技有限公司 | Anthropometric dummy for performance test of wearing type physiological signal detection device |
| CN108693228A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-10-23 | 天津工业大学 | A kind of wear-type electrocardioelectrodevice performance evaluation test platform |
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| CN115273590A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-11-01 | 赵雯冬 | Simulated operation device for simulating EGM electric signal in heart chamber |
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