CN114623031B - Electromagnetic force distribution-based reverse design method for armature structure of electromagnetic valve - Google Patents
Electromagnetic force distribution-based reverse design method for armature structure of electromagnetic valve Download PDFInfo
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- CN114623031B CN114623031B CN202210030802.1A CN202210030802A CN114623031B CN 114623031 B CN114623031 B CN 114623031B CN 202210030802 A CN202210030802 A CN 202210030802A CN 114623031 B CN114623031 B CN 114623031B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
- F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
- F02M63/0017—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using electromagnetic operating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/27—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using machine learning, e.g. artificial intelligence, neural networks, support vector machines [SVM] or training a model
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Abstract
The invention provides a reverse design method of an electromagnetic valve armature structure based on electromagnetic force distribution, which is characterized in that an electromagnetic field professional simulation software ANSYS Maxwell is used, a three-dimensional simulation model is adopted, the distribution rule of electromagnetic force on an armature is analyzed, a trapezoidal groove is formed in a magnetic yoke area, the opening response time and the closing response time of an electromagnetic valve are set, the target requirement that the electromagnetic force needs to meet when a signal is closed is controlled, the integral optimization is carried out by utilizing the self-contained optimization function of the simulation software aiming at the key parameters of the electromagnetic valve, the optimal solution meeting the target requirement is obtained, after verification is carried out, the weight reduction percentage of the armature and the dynamic response improvement percentage of the electromagnetic valve are obtained, and the design optimization method of the armature structure is obtained after the goal is met. According to the method, the optimal solution of armature design optimization is obtained by utilizing the self-contained optimization function of simulation software, so that the processing of experimental data is simplified, and the accuracy of the experiment is improved; the damping of armature motion is reduced, and the overall dynamic response characteristic of the electromagnetic valve is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of structural design of an armature of an electromagnetic valve, and particularly relates to a reverse design method of an armature structure of an electromagnetic valve based on electromagnetic force distribution.
Background
The electro-hydraulic solenoid valve for oil injection control is one of the key parts of the electric control oil injection system of the diesel engine, and the dynamic response characteristic of the electro-hydraulic solenoid valve directly influences the oil injection timing, the oil injection quantity and other key parameters of the electric control oil injection system. If the opening response time of the electromagnetic valve is too long, the opening lag time of the needle valve is increased, the control precision of the injection timing is reduced, and the uncertainty of the system operation is increased; if the closing response time of the electromagnetic valve is too long, the fuel cut of the fuel injector is not crisp, the later combustion is deteriorated, and the economy and the emission performance of the diesel engine are deteriorated. Meanwhile, in the opening and closing processes of the electromagnetic valve, the flow of fuel in the valve area is variable-section unstable transient flow, the longer the switching response time is, the more unstable the pressure unloading or building in the control cavity is, and the poorer the consistency of multi-cycle or multi-cylinder fuel injection control is.
The main factors influencing the dynamic response of the high-speed electromagnetic valve are an electromagnetic valve driving circuit, the size of working gas, structural parameters of an armature, the cross-sectional area of a magnetic pole of a static iron core and the like. In order to maintain larger electromagnetic force, the end face of the armature and the end face of the static iron core generally require smaller gap (air gap) and require higher parallelism of the two end faces, and a damping oil film is easily formed between the two in the environment of hydraulic oil and has large influence on the dynamic response characteristic of the movement of the armature.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a reverse design method for an armature structure of a solenoid valve based on electromagnetic force distribution, which is a method for developing armature structure optimization by reverse design of the armature structure according to the contribution of the electromagnetic force.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the electromagnetic valve armature structure reverse design method based on electromagnetic force distribution is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1) analyzing a distribution rule of electromagnetic force on an armature by using electromagnetic field simulation software ANSYS Maxwell and adopting a three-dimensional simulation model;
s2) according to the electromagnetic force distribution rule, a trapezoidal groove is formed in a magnetic yoke area with less electromagnetic force distribution, and the horizontal distance between the upper bottom of the trapezoidal groove and the center of the armature is L 0 The horizontal distance from the lower bottom to the outer edge of the armature is L 1 Half of the distance between the waists of two adjacent trapezoidal grooves is L 2 ；
S3) setting the opening response time and the closing response time of the electromagnetic valve, and controlling the electromagnetic force to meet the target requirement at the closing moment of a signal;
s4) aiming at key parameters of the electromagnetic valve, the thickness h of the armature 0 Trapezoidal groove geometric parameter L 0 、L 1 、L 2 The ANSYS Maxwell self-contained optimization function is utilized to carry out overall optimization to obtain the optimal solution meeting the target requirement;
and S5) carrying out verification by using ANSYS Maxwell software and taking the optimal solution into a finite element model to obtain the weight reduction percentage of the armature and the dynamic response improvement percentage of the electromagnetic valve, and obtaining the optimal design method of the armature structure after the armature structure is determined to meet the target.
According to the scheme, the step S1) of solving the electromagnetic field of the electromagnetic valve at the moment by using simulation software Maxwell comprises the following specific contents:
s1.1) establishing a 1/6 model of the electromagnetic valve;
s1.2) setting materials of a coil, a static iron core and an armature;
s1.3) setting the maximum displacement of armature movement;
s1.4) setting the quality of a moving part of the electromagnetic valve;
s1.5) electromagnetic valve excitation setting, and calculating a main area and a secondary area of electromagnetic force distribution of an armature of the electromagnetic valve at each moment through a model.
According to the scheme, before the integral optimization in the step S4), the value ranges of the armature thickness h0 and the geometric parameters L0, L1 and L2 of the trapezoidal grooves are selected, and the optimization algorithm adopts an ANSYS Maxwell self-contained optimization algorithm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method for reversely designing the armature structure of the electromagnetic valve based on electromagnetic force distribution comprehensively considers the influence of three aspects of magnetic circuit reluctance, armature mass and armature motion damping on the dynamic response of the electromagnetic valve, avoids a damping oil film formed between the end face of the armature and the end face of a static iron core by optimizing the opening of the armature, reduces the damping of the armature motion and improves the integral dynamic response characteristic of the electromagnetic valve; the distribution rule of the armature electromagnetic force is analyzed in advance through ANSYS Maxwell, so that the blindness in slotting optimization is avoided; by utilizing the self-contained optimization function of the ANSYS Maxwell, the optimal solution for armature design and optimization is obtained, the processing of experimental data is simplified, and the accuracy of the experiment is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating the distribution of electromagnetic force on an armature according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating a yoke region having trapezoidal grooves according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a graph of three sets of electromagnetic forces and armature displacement versus operating time for one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a graph of different armature thicknesses versus solenoid valve dynamic response for one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
The invention provides a reverse design method of an armature structure of a solenoid valve based on electromagnetic force distribution, which aims at the design of a high-speed solenoid valve and aims at considering the problems of magnetic circuit reluctance, armature mass and armature motion damping, and based on the rule of the electromagnetic force in armature distribution, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1) using electromagnetic field simulation software ANSYS Maxwell, adopting a three-dimensional simulation model, and analyzing the distribution rule of the electromagnetic force on the armature (see figure 1).
S2) according to the electromagnetic force distribution rule, a trapezoidal groove is formed in a magnetic yoke area with less electromagnetic force distribution, and the horizontal distance between the upper bottom of the trapezoidal groove and the center of the armature is L 0 The horizontal distance between the lower bottom and the outer edge of the armature is L 1 Half of the distance between the waists of two adjacent trapezoidal grooves is L 2 (see FIG. 2).
And S3) setting the opening response time and the closing response time of the electromagnetic valve, and controlling the electromagnetic force to meet the target requirement at the closing moment of the signal.
S4) due to the inner diameter r of the armature 1 Outer diameter r 2 Subject to constraints of other structural parameters, the design maintains an initial r 1 、r 2 Do not change, do not change r 1 、r 2 And the method is included in the field of armature optimization structural parameters. Only aiming at key parameters of the electromagnetic valve, namely the thickness h of the armature 0 Trapezoidal groove geometric parameter L 0 、L 1 、L 2 And performing integral optimization by utilizing the self-contained optimization function of the ANSYS Maxwell to obtain an optimal solution meeting the target requirement.
And S5) carrying out verification by using ANSYS Maxwell software and taking the optimal solution into a finite element model to obtain the weight reduction percentage of the armature and the dynamic response improvement percentage of the electromagnetic valve, and obtaining the optimal design method of the armature structure after the armature structure is determined to meet the target.
Further, the electromagnetic field at the moment of the electromagnetic valve is solved by using simulation software ANSYS Maxwell in the step S1), and the method comprises the following specific contents:
s1.1) establishing a 1/6 model of the electromagnetic valve, so that the calculation efficiency is greatly improved;
s1.2) setting materials of a coil, a static iron core and an armature;
s1.3) setting the maximum displacement of armature movement;
s1.4) setting the quality of a moving part of the electromagnetic valve;
s1.5) electromagnetic valve excitation setting. And calculating a main area and a secondary area of the electromagnetic force distribution of the armature of the electromagnetic valve at each moment through a model.
Before the overall optimization in the step S4), the value ranges of the armature thickness h0 and the geometric parameters L0, L1 and L2 of the trapezoidal grooves need to be selected, and the optimization algorithm adopts an ANSYS Maxwell self-contained optimization algorithm.
Example one
S1: and analyzing the distribution rule of the electromagnetic force on the armature by using an electromagnetic field professional simulation software ANSYS Maxwell and adopting a three-dimensional simulation model.
The target is to analyze the distribution rule of the electromagnetic force on the armature, so a three-dimensional simulation model is needed. In order to simplify the model and improve the calculation efficiency, a 1/6 model of the electromagnetic valve is established. The 1/6 model obtained through calculation can meet the requirements of analysis and calculation, so that the model can be directly used for developing the design research of the armature of the electromagnetic valve in the step.
When the related setting is carried out in simulation software, the coil material is pure copper, and the materials of the static iron core and the armature iron are electrician pure iron DT4C. The solution domain for all models is air. The maximum displacement of the armature movement is set according to the working air gap of the solenoid valve. The moving parts of the electromagnetic valve are an armature and an outer valve core, and the total mass of the moving parts is set. The magnitude of the pretightening force of the return spring of the moving part when the electromagnetic valve is not electrified is known, and the damping coefficient of the moving part in the moving process is set. In the aspect of electromagnetic valve excitation setting, the static iron core and the armature are set to have iron loss by considering the eddy current effect of the static iron core.
S2: and a trapezoidal groove is formed in the magnetic yoke region (less electromagnetic force distribution) according to the electromagnetic force distribution rule. The geometrical parameters are L0, L1 and L2, and the units are mm. The relationship between the armature quality and the trapezoidal groove parameters after slotting is as follows:
through the computational analysis of S1, the magnetic circuit of the annular electromagnet is mainly distributed in the yoke region of the armature, but a small part of the magnetic circuit is distributed in the yoke region of the armature, and the slotting in the yoke region can increase the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit to cause the increase speed of the electromagnetic force to slow down, thereby causing the increase of the opening time of the electromagnetic valve, but the reduction of the armature mass can also improve the opening response speed of the electromagnetic valve, so the increase of the opening time of the electromagnetic valve after slotting is difficult to judge. In the aspect of closing response time, after the control signal is closed, the armature slotting increases the magnetic circuit magnetic resistance to cause the electromagnetic force to reduce at a high speed, and in addition, the moving part mass is reduced after the armature slotting, so the closing response time of the electromagnetic valve can be reduced.
In order to analyze the mechanism of the dynamic response speed improvement of the electromagnetic valve by the slots in the magnet yoke area of the armature, three comparative group experiments with the same armature thickness are carried out.
A-armature slot, mass = m (assumed); b-armature not slotted, mass > m; c-armature not slotted, mass = m.
1. Respectively drawing three groups of electromagnetic force curves and armature displacement curves (shown in figure 3) along with the change of the operation time by ANSYS Maxwell simulation software; 2. observing whether the maximum electromagnetic force after the armature is slotted accords with the electromagnetic force at the closing moment of the control signal; 3. and (4) observing the displacement time curves of B and C in the step (1), and comparing and analyzing the dynamic response time of the two groups.
For the annular pole electromagnetic valve, the circuit is not changed, other structural parameters are not changed, the armature is lightened after the magnetic yoke area is grooved, the magnetic resistance of a magnetic circuit can be increased in the groove of the magnetic yoke area, the electromagnetic force increasing speed is slowed down, the opening response time of the electromagnetic valve is kept unchanged, the closing response time is reduced greatly, the oil film damping of the armature movement is reduced, and the overall dynamic response characteristic of the electromagnetic valve is improved.
S3: and setting the opening response time and the closing response time of the electromagnetic valve, and controlling the electromagnetic force at the closing moment of the signal.
S4: and aiming at key parameters of the electromagnetic valve, the thickness h0 of the armature and geometric parameters L0, L1 and L2 of the trapezoidal groove are integrally optimized to obtain an optimal solution which meets the target.
1. Calculating the dynamic response relation between different armature thicknesses and the electromagnetic valve, drawing a graph 4, and selecting the value range of the calculated armature thickness; 2. calculating the influence of different geometric parameters on the electromagnetic force distribution of the armature, and selecting the value ranges of the three geometric parameters of the trapezoidal groove; 3. and setting a parameter value range by using the self-contained optimization function of the ANSYS Maxwell, and solving the optimal solution of multiple targets.
S5: and after the optimal solution is brought into a finite element model for verification, obtaining the weight reduction percentage of the armature, improving the percentage of the dynamic response of the electromagnetic valve, controlling the percentage of the electromagnetic force reduction at the closing moment of a signal, and processing and slotting after the electromagnetic force meets the target and the minimum electromagnetic force for maintaining the opening of the electromagnetic valve is met.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The electromagnetic valve armature structure reverse design method based on electromagnetic force distribution is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1) analyzing a distribution rule of electromagnetic force on an armature by using electromagnetic field simulation software ANSYSMaxwell and adopting a three-dimensional simulation model, wherein the electromagnetic field simulation software ANSYSMaxwell is used for solving an electromagnetic field of the electromagnetic valve at a moment, and the method comprises the following specific contents:
s1.1) establishing a 1/6 model of the electromagnetic valve;
s1.2) setting materials of a coil, a static iron core and an armature;
s1.3) setting the maximum displacement of the armature movement;
s1.4) setting the quality of a moving part of the electromagnetic valve;
s1.5) electromagnetic valve excitation setting, and calculating a main area and a secondary area of electromagnetic force distribution of an armature of the electromagnetic valve at each moment through a model;
s2) according to the electromagnetic force distribution rule, a trapezoidal groove is formed in a magnetic yoke area with less electromagnetic force distribution, and the horizontal distance between the upper bottom of the trapezoidal groove and the center of the armature is L 0 The horizontal distance between the lower bottom and the outer edge of the armature is L 1 Half of the distance between the waists of two adjacent trapezoidal grooves is L 2 ；
S3) setting the opening response time and the closing response time of the electromagnetic valve, and controlling the electromagnetic force to meet the target requirement at the closing moment of a signal;
s4) aiming at key parameters of the electromagnetic valve, namely armature thickness h 0 Trapezoidal groove geometric parameter L 0 、L 1 、L 2 Carrying out integral optimization by utilizing the self-contained optimization function of ANSYSMAXwell to obtain an optimal solution meeting the target requirement;
and S5) carrying out verification by using ANSYS Maxwell software and bringing the optimal solution into a finite element model to obtain the weight reduction percentage of the armature and the dynamic response improvement percentage of the electromagnetic valve, and obtaining the optimal design method of the armature structure after the armature structure is determined to meet the target.
2. The electromagnetic force distribution-based electromagnetic valve armature structure reverse design method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the value ranges of the armature thickness h0 and the trapezoidal groove geometric parameters L0, L1, L2 are selected before the overall optimization in step S4), and the optimization algorithm is an ANSYSMaxwell self-contained optimization algorithm.
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Inventor after: Fan Yu Inventor after: Zhang Siyi Inventor after: Shao Xingdong Inventor after: Zhao Bohui Inventor before: Fan Yu Inventor before: Shao Xingdong Inventor before: Zhao Bohui Inventor before: Zhang Siyi |