CN114623013A - Stable combustion control method suitable for compression ignition type methanol engine - Google Patents
Stable combustion control method suitable for compression ignition type methanol engine Download PDFInfo
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 171
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- NNKQLUVBPJEUOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethynylaniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(C#C)=C1 NNKQLUVBPJEUOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UQXKXGWGFRWILX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol dinitrate Chemical compound O=N(=O)OCCON(=O)=O UQXKXGWGFRWILX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010727 cylinder oil Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 25
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D37/00—Non-electrical conjoint control of two or more functions of engines, not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
- F02D19/081—Adjusting the fuel composition or mixing ratio; Transitioning from one fuel to the other
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
- F02D41/005—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] according to engine operating conditions
- F02D41/0052—Feedback control of engine parameters, e.g. for control of air/fuel ratio or intake air amount
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/3094—Controlling fuel injection the fuel injection being effected by at least two different injectors, e.g. one in the intake manifold and one in the cylinder
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种适用于压燃式甲醇发动机的稳定燃烧控制方法，通过使用过渡燃料弥补十六烷值改进剂添加含量无法随工况实时变化的不足，改进剂先引发过渡燃料着火，过渡燃料燃烧放热使缸内温度提高，并结合废气再循环共同促进甲醇稳定着火。本发明中不同工况下使用的十六烷值改进剂占总喷油量的体积分数均为2％，过渡燃料的喷射比例和废气再循环率根据进气温度进行调整。十六烷值改进剂、过渡燃料以及废气共同创造的热氛围和活性氛围同时促进了甲醇的着火，使得对十六烷值改进剂的添加含量要求大大降低。
The invention discloses a stable combustion control method suitable for a compression ignition type methanol engine. By using transition fuel, the deficiency that the added content of a cetane number improver cannot be changed in real time with the working conditions is compensated. The exothermic heat of fuel combustion increases the in-cylinder temperature, which, combined with exhaust gas recirculation, promotes stable ignition of methanol. In the present invention, the volume fraction of the cetane number improver used in the total fuel injection amount is 2% under different working conditions, and the injection ratio of the transition fuel and the exhaust gas recirculation rate are adjusted according to the intake air temperature. The hot atmosphere and active atmosphere created by the cetane number improver, the transition fuel and the exhaust gas simultaneously promote the ignition of methanol, so that the requirement for the addition content of the cetane number improver is greatly reduced.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及发动机领域，尤其涉及压燃式甲醇发动机的稳定燃烧控制方法。The invention relates to the field of engines, in particular to a stable combustion control method for a compression ignition methanol engine.
背景技术Background technique
碳中性燃料甲醇被认为是一种极具潜力的内燃机替代燃料，其生产来源十分丰富，煤炭、焦炉气、煤层气、天然气、生物质以及二氧化碳均可制备甲醇，可实现碳中性循环。压燃式发动机具有热效率高、扭矩大、污染排放少及可靠性高等特点，在压燃式发动机上发展甲醇燃料替代石油燃料，对降低碳排放、实现“双碳目标”具有重要意义。此外，甲醇没有C-C 键，含氧量为50％，因此甲醇燃烧基本不会产生碳烟。Carbon neutral fuel methanol is considered to be a potential alternative fuel for internal combustion engines, and its production sources are very rich. Methanol can be produced from coal, coke oven gas, coalbed methane, natural gas, biomass and carbon dioxide, which can realize carbon neutrality cycle. . Compression ignition engines have the characteristics of high thermal efficiency, large torque, low pollution emissions and high reliability. The development of methanol fuels to replace petroleum fuels on compression ignition engines is of great significance for reducing carbon emissions and achieving the "dual carbon goal". In addition, methanol has no C-C bond, and the oxygen content is 50%, so the combustion of methanol basically does not produce soot.
但甲醇高汽化潜热、高自燃温度和低十六烷值的特点使得甲醇在发动机内很难被压燃。目前促进甲醇稳定压燃的方法主要包括进气加热、火花助燃、电热塞助燃、柴油引燃等方法。但甲醇稳定着火需要进气温度达到约100℃以上，进气加热消耗的能量过高，火花助燃和电热塞助燃需要对发动机进行改装且火花塞和电热塞寿命短，价格高；柴油引燃需要非常高的柴油比例。However, the characteristics of methanol's high latent heat of vaporization, high auto-ignition temperature and low cetane number make it difficult for methanol to be compressed in an engine. At present, the methods of promoting stable compression ignition of methanol mainly include intake air heating, spark-assisted combustion, glow plug combustion, diesel ignition and other methods. However, the stable ignition of methanol requires the intake air temperature to reach about 100 °C or more, the energy consumed by the intake air heating is too high, the spark and glow plugs need to be modified to the engine, and the spark plugs and glow plugs have a short life and high price; diesel ignition requires very High diesel ratio.
十六烷值改进剂可用于改善甲醇着火，但掺混燃料中改进剂的添加比例难以随工况实时变化。冷起动时，甲醇着火需要较高比例的添加剂；而高负荷工况下，缸内温度较高，对添加剂的需求较少。为了保证所有工况下的甲醇稳定着火而使用较高比例添加剂，将造成成本浪费。The cetane number improver can be used to improve the ignition of methanol, but the addition ratio of the improver in the blended fuel is difficult to change in real time with the working conditions. During cold start, methanol ignition requires a higher proportion of additives; while under high load conditions, the in-cylinder temperature is higher and the need for additives is less. In order to ensure the stable ignition of methanol under all working conditions, the use of a higher proportion of additives will result in a waste of costs.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术中的不足，提供一种适用于压燃式甲醇发动机的稳定燃烧控制策略，通过使用过渡燃料来弥补十六烷值改进剂添加含量无法随工况实时变化的不足，并利用废气中的热量和活性自由基来促进甲醇稳定着火。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, to provide a stable combustion control strategy suitable for a compression ignition methanol engine, and to make up for the fact that the content of the cetane number improver cannot be changed in real time with the working conditions by using transition fuel. It uses the heat and active free radicals in the exhaust gas to promote the stable ignition of methanol.
为了达到上述目的，一种适用于压燃式甲醇发动机的稳定燃烧控制方法，包括以下步骤：In order to achieve the above object, a stable combustion control method suitable for a compression ignition methanol engine comprises the following steps:
步骤一、电子控制单元分别读取安装在发动机曲轴上传感器的转速信号、安装在油门踏板上传感器的位置信号并根据所读取的信号判断发动机运行的工况；Step 1, the electronic control unit reads the rotational speed signal of the sensor installed on the crankshaft of the engine, the position signal of the sensor installed on the accelerator pedal, and judges the operating condition of the engine according to the read signal;
步骤二、如果发动机运行的工况为冷起动或小负荷工况，电子控制单元控制安装在进气歧管上的进气歧管喷油器开启，并读取安装在进气管上的进气温度传感器输出的温度信号，然后执行以下步骤：Step 2. If the operating condition of the engine is a cold start or a small load condition, the electronic control unit controls the intake manifold injector installed on the intake manifold to open, and reads the intake air installed on the intake manifold. The temperature signal output by the temperature sensor, and then perform the following steps:
如果进气温度≤0℃，电子控制单元控制进气歧管喷油器喷射过渡燃料，所述的过渡燃料占总喷油量的体积分数为10％，所述的过渡燃料的十六烷值为比甲醇的十六烷值高的燃料；控制缸内喷油器喷射掺混燃料，同时控制排气门的开闭时刻，使得废气再循环率为50％，所述的掺混燃料由占总喷油量的体积比为2％的十六烷值改进剂和88％的甲醇组成；If the intake air temperature is less than or equal to 0°C, the electronic control unit controls the intake manifold injector to inject transitional fuel, the volume fraction of the transitional fuel in the total injection quantity is 10%, and the cetane number of the transitional fuel It is a fuel with a higher cetane number than methanol; the in-cylinder injector is controlled to inject the blended fuel, and the opening and closing timing of the exhaust valve is controlled at the same time, so that the exhaust gas recirculation rate is 50%. The volume ratio of the total fuel injection is 2% cetane number improver and 88% methanol;
如果进气温度为0℃＜进气温度≤15℃，电子控制单元控制进气歧管喷油器喷射过渡燃料，所述的过渡燃料占总喷油量的体积分数为8％，控制缸内喷油器喷射掺混燃料，同时控制排气门的开闭时刻，使得废气再循环率EGR为45％，所述的掺混燃料由占总喷油量的体积比分别为2％的十六烷值改进剂、90％的甲醇组成；If the intake air temperature is 0 °C < intake air temperature ≤ 15 °C, the electronic control unit controls the intake manifold injector to inject transition fuel, and the transition fuel accounts for 8% of the total injection volume. The fuel injector injects the blended fuel, and at the same time controls the opening and closing timing of the exhaust valve, so that the exhaust gas recirculation rate EGR is 45%. Alkane number improver, 90% methanol composition;
如果进气温度＞15℃，电子控制单元控制进气歧管喷油器喷射过渡燃料，所述的过渡燃料占总喷油量的体积分数为5％，控制缸内喷油器喷射掺混燃料，同时控制排气门的开闭时刻，使得废气再循环率EGR 40％，所述的掺混燃料由占总喷油量的体积比分别为2％的十六烷值改进剂、93％的甲醇组成；If the intake air temperature is greater than 15°C, the electronic control unit controls the intake manifold injector to inject transition fuel, the volume fraction of which is 5% of the total fuel injection, and controls the in-cylinder injector to inject the blended fuel , while controlling the opening and closing timing of the exhaust valve, so that the exhaust gas recirculation rate EGR is 40%. Methanol composition;
所述的总喷油量为进气歧管内的喷油量与发动机气缸内缸内喷油器喷射的喷油量之和；The total fuel injection quantity is the sum of the fuel injection quantity in the intake manifold and the fuel injection quantity injected by the fuel injector in the engine cylinder;
步骤三、如果发动机运行的工况为中等负荷工况，电子控制单元控制安装在进气歧管上的进气歧管喷油器关闭，控制缸内喷油器喷射掺混燃料，并读取进气温度传感器信号，所述的掺混燃料由占缸内喷油器喷油量的体积比分别为2％的十六烷值改进剂、98％的甲醇组成，然后执行以下步骤：Step 3. If the operating condition of the engine is a medium load condition, the electronic control unit controls the intake manifold injector installed on the intake manifold to close, controls the in-cylinder injector to inject the blended fuel, and reads The intake air temperature sensor signal, the mixed fuel is composed of 2% cetane number improver and 98% methanol in the volume ratio of the fuel injection volume of the in-cylinder injector, and then perform the following steps:
如果进气温度≤10℃，控制排气门的开闭时刻，使得废气再循环率EGR为30％；If the intake air temperature is less than or equal to 10°C, control the opening and closing timing of the exhaust valve so that the exhaust gas recirculation rate EGR is 30%;
如果进气温度＞10℃，控制排气门的开闭时刻，使得废气再循环率EGR为20％；If the intake air temperature is greater than 10°C, control the opening and closing timing of the exhaust valve so that the exhaust gas recirculation rate EGR is 20%;
步骤四、如果发动机运行的工况为高负荷工况，电子控制单元控制安装在进气歧管上的进气歧管喷油器关闭，控制缸内喷油器喷射掺混燃料，并读取进气温度传感器信号，所述的掺混燃料由占缸内喷油器喷油量的体积比分别为2％的十六烷值改进剂、98％的甲醇组成，然后执行以下步骤：Step 4. If the operating condition of the engine is a high load condition, the electronic control unit controls the intake manifold injector installed on the intake manifold to close, controls the in-cylinder injector to inject the blended fuel, and reads The intake air temperature sensor signal, the mixed fuel is composed of 2% cetane number improver and 98% methanol in the volume ratio of the fuel injection volume of the in-cylinder injector, and then perform the following steps:
如果进气温度≤10℃，控制排气门的开闭时刻，使得废气再循环率EGR为25％；If the intake air temperature is less than or equal to 10°C, control the opening and closing timing of the exhaust valve so that the exhaust gas recirculation rate EGR is 25%;
如果进气温度＞10℃，控制排气门的开闭时刻，使得废气再循环率EGR为10％。If the intake air temperature is >10°C, the timing of opening and closing the exhaust valve is controlled so that the exhaust gas recirculation rate EGR is 10%.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1.通过使用过渡燃料弥补了十六烷值改进剂添加含量无法随工况实时变化的不足。甲醇需要在较高的环境温度下才能稳定着火，使用十六烷值改进剂可以通过自身反应产生的活性自由基来引发甲醇反应，使甲醇可以在更低的温度下着火。但当温度过低时，改进剂产生的自由基也难以与甲醇分子反应。因此，冷起动或小负荷工况时，缸内温度较低，单纯使用十六烷值改进剂对于改善甲醇着火的效果不佳，为保证其稳定着火需要较高比例的改进剂，这将造成成本大幅提高。本发明在冷起动和小负荷工况下加入过渡燃料，过渡燃料的十六烷值比甲醇高，比甲醇更容易压燃，改进剂可以先引发过渡燃料着火，然后过渡燃料燃烧放热，提高缸内温度。同时，使用废气再循环策略，将部分废气留在缸内，燃烧后的废气可以提高缸内温度，废气中也包含未完全燃烧的甲醛以及一些活性自由基等。综上，十六烷值改进剂、过渡燃料、以及废气共同创造的热氛围和活性氛围同时促进了甲醇的着火，使得对十六烷值改进剂的添加含量要求大大降低。1. By using transition fuel, the deficiency that the content of cetane number improver cannot be changed in real time with the working conditions is made up. Methanol needs to be stably ignited at a higher ambient temperature. The use of cetane number improver can trigger methanol reaction through the active radicals generated by its own reaction, so that methanol can ignite at lower temperature. But when the temperature is too low, it is difficult for the free radicals generated by the improver to react with methanol molecules. Therefore, in cold start or small load conditions, the temperature in the cylinder is low, and the cetane number improver alone is not effective in improving methanol ignition. In order to ensure stable ignition, a higher proportion of improver is required, which will cause Costs have increased significantly. In the present invention, transition fuel is added under cold start and small load conditions. The cetane number of transition fuel is higher than that of methanol, and it is easier to ignite than methanol. Cylinder temperature. At the same time, the exhaust gas recirculation strategy is used to keep part of the exhaust gas in the cylinder, the exhaust gas after combustion can increase the temperature in the cylinder, and the exhaust gas also contains incompletely burned formaldehyde and some active free radicals. To sum up, the hot atmosphere and active atmosphere jointly created by the cetane number improver, the transition fuel and the exhaust gas simultaneously promote the ignition of methanol, which greatly reduces the requirement for the addition content of the cetane number improver.
2.甲醇未完全燃烧会产生甲醛、甲酸等有害排放，使用废气再循环，将废气留在缸内进行再次燃烧，有利于降低发动机机外排放。2. The incomplete combustion of methanol will produce harmful emissions such as formaldehyde and formic acid. Recirculation of exhaust gas is used to keep the exhaust gas in the cylinder for re-combustion, which is beneficial to reduce the emission outside the engine.
3.柴油引燃法中需要较高比例柴油，使得混合燃料中的甲醇比例较小，而本发明中的甲醇比例仍然很高，可以极大地发挥甲醇碳中性燃料的优势。3. In the diesel ignition method, a higher proportion of diesel is required, so that the proportion of methanol in the mixed fuel is small, while the proportion of methanol in the present invention is still very high, which can greatly exert the advantages of methanol carbon-neutral fuel.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图1是本发明的压燃式甲醇发动机稳定燃烧控制策略的控制原理图。FIG. 1 is a control principle diagram of the stable combustion control strategy of the compression ignition methanol engine of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细描述。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
如附图所示的本发明的一种适用于压燃式甲醇发动机的稳定燃烧控制方法，包括以下步骤：As shown in the accompanying drawings, a stable combustion control method applicable to a compression ignition methanol engine of the present invention comprises the following steps:
步骤一、电子控制单元分别读取安装在发动机曲轴上传感器的转速信号、安装在油门踏板上传感器的位置信号并根据所读取的信号判断发动机运行的工况；Step 1, the electronic control unit reads the rotational speed signal of the sensor installed on the crankshaft of the engine, the position signal of the sensor installed on the accelerator pedal, and judges the operating condition of the engine according to the read signal;
步骤二、如果发动机运行的工况为冷起动或小负荷工况，电子控制单元控制安装在进气歧管上的进气歧管喷油器开启，并读取安装在进气管上的进气温度传感器输出的温度信号，然后执行以下步骤：Step 2. If the operating condition of the engine is a cold start or a small load condition, the electronic control unit controls the intake manifold injector installed on the intake manifold to open, and reads the intake air installed on the intake manifold. The temperature signal output by the temperature sensor, and then perform the following steps:
如果进气温度≤0℃，电子控制单元控制进气歧管喷油器喷射过渡燃料，所述的过渡燃料占总喷油量的体积分数为10％，所述的过渡燃料的十六烷值为比甲醇的十六烷值高的燃料，优选的过渡燃料的十六烷值在35到65之间，如柴油；控制缸内喷油器喷射掺混燃料，同时控制排气门的开闭时刻，使得废气再循环率(滞留在发动机气缸内的废气质量占气缸内总气体质量)为50％。所述的掺混燃料由占总喷油量的体积比分别为2％的十六烷值改进剂、 88％的甲醇组成；本步骤中的总喷油量包括进气道(过渡燃料)+缸内(掺混燃料)，即10％+ (2％+88％)＝100％，都是占总喷油量的体积比。If the intake air temperature is less than or equal to 0°C, the electronic control unit controls the intake manifold injector to inject transitional fuel, the volume fraction of the transitional fuel in the total injection quantity is 10%, and the cetane number of the transitional fuel For the fuel with a higher cetane number than methanol, the preferred transition fuel has a cetane number between 35 and 65, such as diesel; control the in-cylinder injector to inject the blended fuel, and control the opening and closing of the exhaust valve At the moment, the exhaust gas recirculation rate (the mass of the exhaust gas remaining in the cylinder of the engine to the total mass of the gas in the cylinder) is made 50%. The described blended fuel is composed of 2% cetane number improver and 88% methanol in the volume ratio of the total fuel injection amount; the total fuel injection amount in this step includes the intake port (transition fuel) + In-cylinder (fuel blend), ie 10% + (2% + 88%) = 100%, is the volume ratio of the total fuel injection.
如果进气温度为0℃＜进气温度≤15℃，电子控制单元控制进气歧管喷油器喷射过渡燃料，所述的过渡燃料占总喷油量的体积分数为8％，控制缸内喷油器喷射掺混燃料，同时控制排气门的开闭时刻，使得废气再循环率EGR为45％。所述的掺混燃料由占总喷油量的体积比分别为2％的十六烷值改进剂、90％的甲醇组成；If the intake air temperature is 0 °C < intake air temperature ≤ 15 °C, the electronic control unit controls the intake manifold injector to inject transition fuel, and the transition fuel accounts for 8% of the total injection volume. The fuel injector injects the blended fuel, and at the same time controls the timing of opening and closing of the exhaust valve, so that the exhaust gas recirculation rate EGR is 45%. The blended fuel is composed of 2% cetane number improver and 90% methanol in the volume ratio of the total fuel injection amount;
如果进气温度＞15℃，电子控制单元控制进气歧管喷油器喷射过渡燃料，所述的过渡燃料占总喷油量的体积分数为5％，控制缸内喷油器喷射掺混燃料，同时控制排气门的开闭时刻，使得废气再循环率EGR 40％。所述的掺混燃料由占总喷油量的体积比分别为2％的十六烷值改进剂、93％的甲醇组成；If the intake air temperature is greater than 15°C, the electronic control unit controls the intake manifold injector to inject transition fuel, the volume fraction of which is 5% of the total fuel injection, and controls the in-cylinder injector to inject the blended fuel , while controlling the opening and closing timing of the exhaust valve, so that the exhaust gas recirculation rate EGR is 40%. The blended fuel is composed of 2% cetane number improver and 93% methanol in the volume ratio of the total fuel injection amount;
所述的总喷油量为进气歧管内的喷油量与发动机气缸内缸内喷油器喷射的喷油量之和；The total fuel injection quantity is the sum of the fuel injection quantity in the intake manifold and the fuel injection quantity injected by the fuel injector in the engine cylinder;
所述的十六烷值改进剂可以为硝酸异辛酯、乙二醇二硝酸酯或者过氧化二叔丁基等中的一种；Described cetane number improver can be a kind of in isooctyl nitrate, ethylene glycol dinitrate or di-tert-butyl peroxide etc.;
步骤三、如果发动机运行的工况为中等负荷工况，电子控制单元控制安装在进气歧管上的进气歧管喷油器关闭，控制缸内喷油器喷射掺混燃料，并读取进气温度传感器信号，所述的掺混燃料由占缸内喷油器喷油量的体积比分别为2％的十六烷值改进剂、98％的甲醇组成，然后执行以下步骤：Step 3. If the operating condition of the engine is a medium load condition, the electronic control unit controls the intake manifold injector installed on the intake manifold to close, controls the in-cylinder injector to inject the blended fuel, and reads The intake air temperature sensor signal, the mixed fuel is composed of 2% cetane number improver and 98% methanol in the volume ratio of the fuel injection volume of the in-cylinder injector, and then perform the following steps:
如果进气温度≤10℃，控制排气门的开闭时刻，使得废气再循环率EGR为30％。If the intake air temperature is less than or equal to 10°C, the timing of opening and closing the exhaust valve is controlled so that the exhaust gas recirculation rate EGR is 30%.
如果进气温度＞10℃，控制排气门的开闭时刻，使得废气再循环率EGR为20％。If the intake air temperature is >10°C, the timing of opening and closing the exhaust valve is controlled so that the exhaust gas recirculation rate EGR is 20%.
步骤四、如果发动机运行的工况为高负荷工况，电子控制单元控制安装在进气歧管上的进气歧管喷油器关闭，控制缸内喷油器喷射掺混燃料，并读取进气温度传感器信号，所述的掺混燃料由占缸内喷油器喷油量的体积比分别为2％的十六烷值改进剂、98％的甲醇组成，然后执行以下步骤：Step 4. If the operating condition of the engine is a high load condition, the electronic control unit controls the intake manifold injector installed on the intake manifold to close, controls the in-cylinder injector to inject the blended fuel, and reads The intake air temperature sensor signal, the mixed fuel is composed of 2% cetane number improver and 98% methanol in the volume ratio of the fuel injection volume of the in-cylinder injector, and then perform the following steps:
如果进气温度≤10℃，控制排气门的开闭时刻，使得废气再循环率EGR为25％。If the intake air temperature is less than or equal to 10°C, the timing of opening and closing the exhaust valve is controlled so that the exhaust gas recirculation rate EGR is 25%.
如果进气温度＞10℃，控制排气门的开闭时刻，使得废气再循环率EGR为10％。If the intake air temperature is >10°C, the timing of opening and closing the exhaust valve is controlled so that the exhaust gas recirculation rate EGR is 10%.
本发明中排气门的开闭时刻可以采用现有的可变气门正时机构控制即可，如：可以参见马自达可变气门正时机构(康建军,郭兆松,柴辉照.马自达可变气门正时机构的结构与工作原理解析[J].山西交通科技,2004(06):85-86.)。In the present invention, the opening and closing timing of the exhaust valve can be controlled by the existing variable valve timing mechanism. For example, refer to the Mazda variable valve timing mechanism (Kang Jianjun, Guo Zhaosong, Chai Huizhao. Analysis of the structure and working principle [J]. Shanxi Transportation Science and Technology, 2004 (06): 85-86.).
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