CN114622199A - Gradient high-entropy alloy material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Gradient high-entropy alloy material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
- C23C24/106—Coating with metal alloys or metal elements only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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- C22C30/02—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing copper
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C9/06—Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
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- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/043—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by ball milling
Abstract
The invention provides a gradient high-entropy alloy material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the gradient high-entropy alloy material comprises a substrate layer and a coating coated on the substrate layer, and the gradient high-entropy alloy material is characterized in that the coating is AlxCoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy, said AlxThe Al content in the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy increases along with the increase of the number of coatings, and the X is 0-1. The invention forms gradient AlxCoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy, AlxThe composition and the structure of the CoCrCuFeNi continuously present gradient, a gradient high-entropy alloy material with remarkable surface hardness and wear resistance, excellent toughness of a cladding layer and small internal stress and fracture tendency can be obtained, and the increase of Al content can promote the conversion of an FCC phase to a BCC phase to form the FCC + BCC two-phase gradient high-entropy alloy material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of alloy material preparation, in particular to a gradient high-entropy alloy material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The high-entropy alloy is usually composed of solid solution, is not easy to form brittle metal compounds, and can simultaneously give consideration to excellent performances such as high hardness and wear resistance. However, the preparation of high entropy alloys is challenging due to the inherent compositional complexity and the large difference in melting points between the constituent elements. However, in the prior art, significant element segregation occurs during the solidification and cooling of the melt, so that, compared with conventional alloys, as-cast samples may have significant casting defects, such as cracks, porosity, residual stress, and composition gradient and abnormal grain size distribution, and are prone to metallurgical defects such as porosity, shrinkage porosity, microcracks, and structural inhomogeneities.
For example, patent No. CN 106319260 a proposes a high-melting-point high-entropy alloy and a preparation method of a coating thereof, the high-entropy alloy is cocrmonibti, and the atomic molar ratio of the components is as follows: (0.8-1.1), (0-1.1); in addition, the preparation method of the alloy laser cladding coating comprises the steps of powder preparation, ball milling, powder presetting and laser cladding. However, the high-entropy alloy coating prepared by the method has poor toughness, large crack driving force and residual stress, and cracks are easy to generate, so that the failure of the prepared part is caused.
In summary, the above problems still remain to be solved in the field of preparing gradient high-entropy alloy materials.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, in order to solve the problems of cracks, air holes, residual stress, component gradient and abnormal grain size distribution, which easily generate air holes, shrinkage porosity, microcracks and uneven tissues in the preparation of the gradient high-entropy alloy material in the prior art, the invention provides a gradient high-entropy alloy material and a preparation method thereof, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
the gradient high-entropy alloy material comprises a base material layer and a coating layer coated on the base material layer, wherein the coating layer is AlxCoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy, said AlxThe Al content in the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy increases along with the increase of the number of coatings, and the X is 0-1.
The invention provides a preparation method of a gradient high-entropy alloy material, which comprises the following steps:
selecting a substrate layer, and pretreating the substrate layer;
preparing coating powder;
ball-milling and mixing the coating powder according to a set proportion, laying the mixture on the substrate layer, and enabling the mixture to pass through a laserObtaining Al on the substrate layer by a light cladding processxThe CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy.
Further, the substrate layer is carbon steel.
Further, the pretreatment is as follows: cleaning and drying the surface of the substrate layer, heating to 100-300 ℃, and preserving heat for later use.
Further, the coating powder is element powder, and the purity of the element powder is greater than or equal to 99.5%.
Further, the coating powder comprises Al powder, Co powder, Cr powder, Cu powder, Fe powder and Ni powder.
Further, after the Co powder, the Cr powder, the Cu powder, the Fe powder and the Ni powder are prepared according to the molar ratio of 1:1:1:1:1, mixing in a ball mill, then paving on the substrate layer, and forming the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy under the first cladding condition;
al powder, Co powder, Cr powder, Cu powder, Fe powder and Ni powder are mixed according to a molar ratio of 0.1: after the proportion of 1:1:1:1:1 is finished, mixing the mixture in a ball mill, then laying the mixture on the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy, and forming Al under the second cladding condition0.1A CoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy;
after Co powder, Cr powder, Cu powder, Fe powder and Ni powder are prepared according to the molar ratio of 1:1:1:1:1, mixing in a ball mill, then laying on the substrate layer, and forming the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy under the first cladding condition;
al powder, Co powder, Cr powder, Cu powder, Fe powder and Ni powder are mixed according to a molar ratio of 0.1: after the proportion of 1:1:1:1:1 is finished, mixing the mixture in a ball mill, then laying the mixture on the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy, and forming Al under the second cladding condition0.1A CoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy;
al powder, Co powder, Cr powder, Cu powder, Fe powder and Ni powder in a molar ratio of 0.2: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.3: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.4: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.5: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.6: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.7: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.8: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.9: 1:1:1:1:1, 1: after the proportion of 1:1:1:1:1 is respectively configured, the materials are respectively mixed in a ball mill and then are sequentially paved on the ball millAl0.1Al is formed on the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy under the third cladding conditionxCoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy.
Further, the AlxThe CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy is respectively as follows: al (Al)0.1CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.2CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.3CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.4CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.5CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.6CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.7CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.8CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.9CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and AlCoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy, and the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and the Al0.1CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.2CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.3CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.4CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.5CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.6CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.7CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.8CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.9The CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and the AlCoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy are sequentially connected.
Further, the first cladding condition is as follows: the power is 1300W, the scanning speed is 600mm/min, the spot size is 1mm-2mm, and the flow of Ar gas protective gas is 15L/min.
In the scheme, the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al are formed on the substrate layer0.1CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.2CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.3CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.4CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.5CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.6CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.7CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.8CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.9The CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and the AlCoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy form gradient AlxCoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy, AlxThe continuous gradient of the composition and the structure of the CoCrCuFeNi can obtain a gradient high-entropy alloy material with remarkable surface hardness and wear resistance, excellent toughness of a cladding layer and small internal stress and fracture tendency. In addition, the increase of the Al content in the invention can promote the conversion of FCC phase to BCC phase, and form FCC + BCC two-phase gradient high-entropy alloy material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional structure of a gradient high-entropy alloy material in example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to embodiments thereof. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the scope of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In one embodiment of the invention, the gradient high-entropy alloy material comprises a base material layer and a coating layer coated on the base material layer, wherein the coating layer is AlxCoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy, said AlxThe Al content in the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy increases with the increase of the number of coatings, and the X is 0-1.
The invention provides a preparation method of a gradient high-entropy alloy material, which comprises the following steps:
selecting a substrate layer, and pretreating the substrate layer;
preparing coating powder;
ball-milling and mixing the coating powder according to a set proportion, laying the mixture on the substrate layer, and obtaining Al on the substrate layer by a laser cladding processxCoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy.
In one embodiment, the substrate layer is carbon steel.
In one embodiment, the pre-processing is: cleaning and drying the surface of the substrate layer, heating to 100-300 ℃, and preserving heat for later use.
In one embodiment, the coating powder is an elemental powder and the elemental powder has a purity greater than or equal to 99.5%.
In one embodiment, the elemental powders include Al powder, Co powder, Cr powder, Cu powder, Fe powder, Ni powder.
In one embodiment, Co powder, Cr powder, Cu powder, Fe powder and Ni powder are mixed in a ball mill after being prepared according to the molar ratio of 1:1:1:1:1, and then are laid on a substrate layer to form a CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy under a first cladding condition;
al powder, Co powder, Cr powder, Cu powder, Fe powder and Ni powder are mixed according to a molar ratio of 0.1: mixing in a ball mill after the proportion of 1:1:1:1:1 is configured, then laying the mixture on the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy, and forming Al under the second cladding condition0.1A CoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy;
al powder, Co powder, Cr powder, Cu powder, Fe powder and Ni powder in a molar ratio of 0.2: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.3: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.4: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.5: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.6: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.7: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.8: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.9: 1:1:1:1:1, 1: after the proportion of 1:1:1:1:1 is respectively configured, mixing treatment is respectively carried out in a ball mill, and then the mixture is sequentially paved on the Al0.1Al is formed on the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy under the third cladding conditionxCoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy.
In one embodiment, the AlxThe CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy is respectively as follows: al (aluminum)0.1CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.2CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.3CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.4CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.5CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.6CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.7CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.8CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.9CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and AlCoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy, and the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and the Al0.1CoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy and Al0.2CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.3CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.4CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.5CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.6CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.7CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.8CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.9The CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and the AlCoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy are sequentially connected.
In one embodiment, the first cladding condition is: the power is 1300W, the scanning speed is 600mm/min, the spot size is 1mm-2mm, and the flow of Ar gas protective gas is 15L/min.
In one embodiment, the second cladding condition is: the power is 1200W, the scanning speed is 600mm/min, the spot size is 1mm-2mm, and the flow of Ar gas protective gas is 15L/min.
In one embodiment, the third cladding condition is: the power is 1100W, the scanning speed is 600mm/min, the spot size is 1mm-2mm, and the flow of Ar gas protective gas is 15L/min.
In one embodiment, the fourth cladding condition is: the power is 1100W, the scanning speed is 600mm/min, the spot size is 1mm-2mm, and the flow of Ar gas protective gas is 15L/min.
In one embodiment, the AlxThe total thickness of the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy is 1mm-3 mm.
In one embodiment, the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and the Al0.1CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.2CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.3CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.4CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.5CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.6CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.7CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.8CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.9The thicknesses of the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and the AlCoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy are both 0.05mm-0.25 mm.
In the scheme, the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy is formed on the substrate layerGold and Al0.1CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.2CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.3CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.4CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.5CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.6CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.7CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.8CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.9The CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and the AlCoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy form gradient AlxCoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy, AlxThe composition and the structure of the CoCrCuFeNi continuously present gradient, and a gradient high-entropy alloy material with remarkable surface hardness and wear resistance, excellent cladding layer toughness, small internal stress and small fracture tendency can be obtained. In addition, the increase of the Al content in the invention can promote the conversion from the FCC phase to the BCC phase to form the FCC + BCC two-phase gradient high-entropy alloy material.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1:
a preparation method of a gradient high-entropy alloy material comprises the following steps:
selecting carbon steel as a substrate layer, cleaning and drying the surface of the carbon steel, heating to 300 ℃, and keeping the temperature at 300 ℃ for later use;
after Co powder, Cr powder, Cu powder, Fe powder and Ni powder are prepared according to the molar ratio of 1:1:1:1:1, mixing treatment is carried out in a ball mill, and then the mixture is laid on carbon steel to form a CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy with the thickness of 0.05mm on the carbon steel under the conditions that the power is 1300W, the scanning speed is 600mm/min, the spot size is 2mm, and the Ar gas protective gas flow is 15L/min;
al powder, Co powder, Cr powder, Cu powder, Fe powder and Ni powder are mixed according to a molar ratio of 0.1: after the proportion of 1:1:1:1:1 is configured, mixing treatment is carried out in a ball mill, then the mixture is laid on the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy, and Al with the thickness of 0.05mm is formed under the conditions that the power is 1200W, the scanning speed is 600mm/min, the spot size is 2mm, and the Ar gas protective gas flow is 15L/min0.1A CoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy;
al powder, Co powder, Cr powder, Cu powder, Fe powder and Ni powder according to the proportionThe molar ratio is 0.2: after the preparation of the ratio of 1:1:1:1:1, mixing the mixture in a ball mill, and then paving the mixture on the Al0.1On the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy, Al with the thickness of 0.2mm is formed under the conditions that the power is 1100W, the scanning speed is 600mm/min, the spot size is 2mm and the Ar gas protective flow is 15L/min0.2A CoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy;
al powder, Co powder, Cr powder, Cu powder, Fe powder and Ni powder in a molar ratio of 0.3: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.4: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.5: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.6: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.7: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.8: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.9: 1:1:1:1:1, 1: after the proportion of 1:1:1:1:1 is respectively configured, carrying out ball milling and mixing treatment in a ball mill, and carrying out cladding in sequence under the conditions that the power is 1100W, the scanning speed is 600mm/min, the spot size is 2mm, and the flow of Ar gas protective gas is 15L/min, wherein the cladding thickness is 0.1mm, so as to obtain the gradient high-entropy alloy material.
Example 2:
a preparation method of a gradient high-entropy alloy material comprises the following steps:
selecting carbon steel as a substrate layer, cleaning and drying the surface of the carbon steel, heating to 200 ℃, and keeping the temperature at 200 ℃ for later use;
after Co powder, Cr powder, Cu powder, Fe powder and Ni powder are prepared according to the molar ratio of 1:1:1:1:1, mixing treatment is carried out in a ball mill, and then the mixture is laid on carbon steel to form a CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy with the thickness of 0.02mm on the carbon steel under the conditions that the power is 1300W, the scanning speed is 600mm/min, the spot size is 1mm, and the Ar gas protective gas flow is 15L/min;
al powder, Co powder, Cr powder, Cu powder, Fe powder and Ni powder are mixed according to a molar ratio of 0.1: after the proportion of 1:1:1:1:1 is configured, mixing treatment is carried out in a ball mill, then the mixture is laid on the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy, and Al with the thickness of 0.2mm is formed under the conditions that the power is 1200W, the scanning speed is 600mm/min, the spot size is 1mm, and the Ar gas protective gas flow is 15L/min0.1A CoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy;
al powder, Co powder, Cr powder, Cu powder, Fe powder and Ni powder in a molar ratio of 0.2: after the proportion of 1:1:1:1:1 is configured,mixing in a ball mill, and then spreading on the Al0.1On the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy, Al with the thickness of 0.2mm is formed under the conditions that the power is 1100W, the scanning speed is 600mm/min, the spot size is 1mm and the Ar gas protective flow is 15L/min0.2A CoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy;
al powder, Co powder, Cr powder, Cu powder, Fe powder and Ni powder in a molar ratio of 0.3: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.4: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.5: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.6: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.7: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.8: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.9: 1:1:1:1:1, 1: after the proportion of 1:1:1:1:1 is respectively configured, carrying out ball milling and mixing treatment in a ball mill, and carrying out cladding in sequence under the conditions that the power is 1100W, the scanning speed is 600mm/min, the spot size is 1mm, and the flow of Ar gas protective gas is 15L/min, wherein the cladding thickness is 0.2mm, so as to obtain the gradient high-entropy alloy material.
Example 3:
a preparation method of a gradient high-entropy alloy material comprises the following steps:
selecting carbon steel as a substrate layer, cleaning and drying the surface of the carbon steel, heating to 100 ℃, and keeping the temperature at 100 ℃ for later use;
after Co powder, Cr powder, Cu powder, Fe powder and Ni powder are prepared according to the molar ratio of 1:1:1:1:1, mixing treatment is carried out in a ball mill, and then the mixture is laid on carbon steel to form a CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy with the thickness of 0.04mm on the carbon steel under the conditions that the power is 1300W, the scanning speed is 600mm/min, the spot size is 2mm, and the Ar gas protective gas flow is 15L/min;
al powder, Co powder, Cr powder, Cu powder, Fe powder and Ni powder are mixed according to a molar ratio of 0.1: mixing in a ball mill after the proportion of 1:1:1:1:1 is configured, then laying the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy on the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy to form Al with the thickness of 0.06mm under the conditions that the power is 1200W, the scanning speed is 600mm/min, the spot size is 2mm, and the Ar gas protective gas flow is 15L/min0.1A CoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy;
al powder, Co powder, Cr powder, Cu powder, Fe powder and Ni powder in a molar ratio of 0.2: after the preparation of the mixture in the proportion of 1:1:1:1:1, the mixture is mixed in a ball mill and then laid on the surface of the mixtureAl0.1On the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy, Al with the thickness of 0.1mm is formed under the conditions that the power is 1100W, the scanning speed is 600mm/min, the spot size is 2mm and the Ar gas protective flow is 15L/min0.2A CoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy;
al powder, Co powder, Cr powder, Cu powder, Fe powder and Ni powder in a molar ratio of 0.3: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.4: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.5: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.6: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.7: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.8: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.9: 1:1:1:1:1, 1: after the proportion of 1:1:1:1:1 is respectively configured, respectively performing ball milling and mixing treatment in a ball mill, and then sequentially cladding with the cladding thickness of 0.22mm under the conditions that the power is 1100W, the scanning speed is 600mm/min, the light spot size is 2mm, and the flow of Ar gas protective gas is 15L/min to obtain the gradient high-entropy alloy material.
Comparative examples 1 to 6:
comparative examples 1 to 6 are different from example 3 only in the content of Al powder, Co powder, Cr powder, Cu powder, Fe powder, Ni powder and the like, and are the same as example 3, specifically shown in table 1.
Comparative examples 7 to 10:
comparative examples 7 to 10 differ from example 3 only in AlxThe number of layers of the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy was different, and the same as example 3, specifically shown in Table 2.
Table 1:
table 2:
the samples of examples 1 to 3 and the comparative samples of comparative examples 1 to 10 were subjected to the relevant performance tests, and the results are shown in table 3 below.
Table 3:
as can be seen from the data analysis in table 1, the gradient high-entropy alloy material of the present application can obtain a significant hardness requirement under the synergistic effect of the components and the mutual components, and has excellent wear resistance.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal section structure of the gradient high-entropy alloy material in example 3, and it can be seen from the analysis in fig. 1 that the high-entropy alloy material of the present application is in gradient distribution, has a small fracture tendency, and does not have cracks, pores, residual stress, component gradients and abnormal grain size distribution, and can effectively solve the problems of easy generation of pores, shrinkage porosity, microcracks and non-uniform structure in the preparation of the high-entropy alloy material in the prior art. The gradient high-entropy alloy material in the embodiment 1-2 is similar to that in the embodiment 3, and is not repeated herein.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A gradient high-entropy alloy material comprises a baseThe material layer and coat on the coating on the substrate layer, its characterized in that, the coating is AlxCoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy, said AlxThe Al content in the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy increases along with the increase of the number of coatings, and the X is 0-1.
2. A preparation method of the gradient high-entropy alloy material is used for preparing the gradient high-entropy alloy material in claim 1, and comprises the following steps:
selecting a substrate layer, and pretreating the substrate layer;
preparing coating powder;
ball-milling and mixing the coating powder according to a set proportion, laying the mixture on the substrate layer, and obtaining Al on the substrate layer by a laser cladding processxCoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy.
3. The method for preparing the gradient high-entropy alloy material of claim 2, wherein the base material layer is carbon steel.
4. The preparation method of the gradient high-entropy alloy material according to claim 2, wherein the pretreatment is: cleaning and drying the surface of the substrate layer, heating to 100-300 ℃, and preserving heat for later use.
5. The method for preparing the gradient high-entropy alloy material according to claim 2, wherein the coating powder is an element powder, and the purity of the element powder is greater than or equal to 99.5%.
6. The method for preparing the gradient high-entropy alloy material according to claim 2, wherein the coating powder comprises Al powder, Co powder, Cr powder, Cu powder, Fe powder and Ni powder.
7. The preparation method of the gradient high-entropy alloy material of claim 6, wherein Co powder, Cr powder, Cu powder, Fe powder and Ni powder are mixed in a ball mill after being prepared according to a molar ratio of 1:1:1:1:1, and then the mixture is laid on the substrate layer to form the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy under a first cladding condition;
al powder, Co powder, Cr powder, Cu powder, Fe powder and Ni powder are mixed according to a molar ratio of 0.1: after the proportion of 1:1:1:1:1 is finished, mixing the mixture in a ball mill, then laying the mixture on the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy, and forming Al under the second cladding condition0.1A CoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy;
al powder, Co powder, Cr powder, Cu powder, Fe powder and Ni powder in a molar ratio of 0.2: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.3: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.4: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.5: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.6: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.7: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.8: 1:1:1:1:1, 0.9: 1:1:1:1:1, 1: after the proportion of 1:1:1:1:1 is respectively configured, the mixture is respectively mixed in a ball mill and then is sequentially paved on the Al0.1Al is formed on the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy under the third cladding conditionxCoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy.
8. A method for preparing a gradient high-entropy alloy material according to claim 7, wherein the Al isxThe CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy is respectively as follows: al (Al)0.1CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.2CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.3CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.4CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.5CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.6CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.7CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.8CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.9CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and AlCoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy, and the CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and the Al0.1CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.2CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.3CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.4CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.5CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.6CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.7CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.8CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and Al0.9CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy and alloyThe AlCoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloys are sequentially connected.
9. The preparation method of the gradient high-entropy alloy material of claim 8, wherein the first cladding condition is: the power is 1300W, the scanning speed is 600mm/min, the spot size is 1mm-2mm, and the flow of Ar gas protective gas is 15L/min.
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