CN114622197A - 3D printing metal ceramic composite forming part and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

3D printing metal ceramic composite forming part and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114622197A
CN114622197A CN202210240648.0A CN202210240648A CN114622197A CN 114622197 A CN114622197 A CN 114622197A CN 202210240648 A CN202210240648 A CN 202210240648A CN 114622197 A CN114622197 A CN 114622197A
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spraying
powder
metal
substrate
cold
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解路
卢静
吴应东
孙澄川
路腾
陈东
李挺
汤烈明
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
    • C23C24/04—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying

Abstract

According to the preparation method of the 3D printed metal ceramic composite formed part, the ceramic powder and the cold spraying metal powder are simultaneously sprayed on the surface of a matrix to be deposited in a thermal mode, the ceramic powder and the cold spraying metal powder which are sprayed simultaneously are guaranteed to be concentrated on one point of the surface of the matrix until the spraying of the surface of the matrix is completed, and the matrix is separated to obtain the metal ceramic composite formed part. In addition, this application still provides a 3D prints metal ceramic composite forming spare.

Description

3D printing metal ceramic composite forming part and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of spraying, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a 3D printed metal ceramic composite formed part and the 3D printed metal ceramic composite formed part.
Background
The metal ceramic composite formed part has the characteristics of high hardness, high wear resistance, high strength and the like of a ceramic material, has the advantages of excellent toughness, ductility and the like of a metal material, and has great application potential in a plurality of fields such as aerospace, industry and civilian use.
The 3D printing is also called additive manufacturing, and is a rapid prototyping technology, which mainly utilizes high-energy heat sources such as laser or electron beams to melt metal, ceramic, plastic and other types of powder, and finally obtains a formed part through layer-by-layer printing. At present, the 3D printing technology mainly has: selective Laser Sintering (SLS), Selective Laser Melting (SLM), Electron Beam Melting (EBM), laser cladding forming (LMD), direct metal laser forming (DMLS).
When the mainstream 3D printing technology is used for preparing a metal ceramic composite molded part, the following problems mainly exist:
(1) the requirements on equipment are extremely high: the melting point of general ceramic materials is very high, such as the melting point of alumina is 2054 ℃, the melting point of zirconia is 2680 ℃, if laser or electron beam equipment is used for melting the ceramic, the required power is very high, and the equipment cost is high, so that the large-scale popularization and application are difficult.
(2) The performance of the formed part is poor: because the melting point of a general metal material is low, such as 660 ℃ for aluminum, 1083.4 ℃ for copper, and is greatly different from the melting point of a ceramic material, in the 3D printing process, if the power is low, it is difficult to ensure the melting state of the ceramic material, and if the power is high, the metal is easily seriously oxidized and even volatilized. Therefore, the performance of the prepared metal ceramic formed part such as density, purity, tensile strength and the like is difficult to meet the use requirement.
(3) The residual stress is large: the mainstream 3D printing technology utilizes a high-energy heat source to melt a material, and generates a residual tensile stress in the process of melting and extremely rapidly cooling the material, and the residual stress is increased with the increase of the thickness of a formed part, which may finally cause the formed part to crack. Therefore, further heat treatment is required to reduce residual stress, increasing process and technical difficulties, and increasing costs.
At present, the scholars propose to adopt the thermal spraying or cold spraying forming technology in the paper, namely, the thermal spraying or cold spraying is adopted to prepare coatings on substrates with different shapes, the thickness reaches the use requirement, and the substrates are removed to obtain a formed part. The disadvantages of both techniques are:
(1) thermal spraying forming: since thermal spraying mainly melts a material by using heat generated by high-energy plasma, there are disadvantages that the molded article has poor performance and large residual stress, as in the above-mentioned techniques such as laser melt molding and electron beam molding.
(2) Cold spray forming: the technology mainly utilizes the plastic deformation of metal to form a coating and a formed part, and when the metal ceramic composite formed part is prepared, ceramic powder is hard and brittle and is difficult to plastically deform, so that the prepared formed part has extremely low ceramic content and causes a great deal of ceramic material waste, and meanwhile, the residual compressive stress in the formed part is large and further heat treatment is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for preparing a 3D printed metal ceramic composite molded part, which solves the problems of serious oxidation and inclusion of unmelted particles caused by the difference in melting point of the conventional metal ceramic composite powder in the thermal spraying process, the difficulty in deposition and content reduction of the ceramic powder in the cold spraying process, and the problems of refractory ceramic powder, excessive residual thermal stress, need of subsequent heat treatment and the like in the preparation process of 3D printing technologies such as laser cladding and the like.
In order to solve the technical problem, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:
the application provides a preparation method of a 3D printing metal ceramic composite formed part, which comprises the following steps:
simultaneously thermally spraying ceramic powder and cold spraying metal powder on the surface of a substrate to be deposited, and concentrating the simultaneously sprayed ceramic powder and metal powder at one point of the surface of the substrate until the spraying of the surface of the substrate is finished;
and separating the matrix to obtain the metal ceramic composite formed part.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises the step of performing surface treatment on the substrate to be deposited before the steps of simultaneously thermally spraying ceramic powder and cold spraying metal powder on the surface of the substrate to be deposited.
In some of these embodiments, the surface treatment comprises one or more of a baking or ultrasonic vibration or sand blasting or pickling treatment.
In some of these embodiments, the substrate comprises a metal alloy or a ceramic or graphite.
In some embodiments, the step of simultaneously thermally spraying ceramic powder and cold spraying metal powder on the surface of the substrate to be deposited, and concentrating the simultaneously sprayed ceramic powder and metal powder at one point of the surface of the substrate until the spraying of the surface of the substrate is completed specifically includes the following steps:
adjusting the spraying distance and the spraying angle of the thermal spraying spray gun and the cold spraying spray gun;
spraying ceramic powder by the thermal spraying spray gun and metal powder by the cold spraying spray gun at the same time, and controlling the emergent rays of the thermal spraying spray gun and the cold spraying spray gun to be concentrated on one point of the surface of the substrate;
and moving the substrate on the spraying platform, and repeating the steps until the surface of the substrate is sprayed.
In some of these embodiments, the spray distance of the thermal spray gun and the cold spray gun is controlled to within 50mm, and the spray distance of the thermal spray gun and the cold spray gun is equal.
In some of these embodiments, the spray angles of both the thermal spray gun and the cold spray gun are controlled between 70-90 °, and the spray angles of the thermal spray gun and the cold spray gun are equal.
In some of these embodiments, the cold spray gun sprays metal powder at a powder feed rate that is 2 times the powder feed rate of the thermal spray gun spraying ceramic powder.
In some embodiments, the step of separating the matrix to obtain the metal ceramic composite molded part specifically includes the following steps:
and separating the matrix by adopting chemical dissolution or mechanical vibration or linear cutting to obtain the metal ceramic composite formed part.
In addition, the application also provides a 3D printed metal ceramic composite formed part prepared by the preparation method of the 3D printed metal ceramic composite formed part.
This application adopts above-mentioned technical scheme, has following beneficial effect:
according to the preparation method of the 3D printed metal ceramic composite formed part, the ceramic powder and the cold spraying metal powder are simultaneously sprayed on the surface of a matrix to be deposited in a thermal mode, the ceramic powder and the cold spraying metal powder which are sprayed simultaneously are guaranteed to be concentrated on one point of the surface of the matrix until the spraying of the surface of the matrix is completed, and the matrix is separated to obtain the metal ceramic composite formed part.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a method for manufacturing a 3D printed metal ceramic composite molded part provided by the present application.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the steps provided herein for spray coating a substrate surface.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, specific embodiments thereof are described in detail below, but the present invention is not to be construed as being limited to the implementable range thereof.
Referring to fig. 1, a flow chart of steps of a method for preparing a 3D printed metal ceramic composite molded part provided by the present application includes the following steps:
step S110: and simultaneously thermally spraying ceramic powder and cold spraying metal powder on the surface of the substrate to be deposited, and concentrating the simultaneously sprayed ceramic powder and metal powder at one point of the surface of the substrate until the spraying of the surface of the substrate is finished.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises the step of performing surface treatment on the substrate to be deposited before performing the steps of simultaneously thermally spraying ceramic powder and cold spraying metal powder on the surface of the substrate to be deposited.
Specifically, the surface treatment comprises one or more of baking, ultrasonic vibration, sand blasting and acid washing treatment.
In particular, the matrix comprises a metal, an alloy or a ceramic or graphite. The alloy may be a copper alloy, an aluminum alloy, or other alloys, and the metal may be stainless steel, etc.
It will be appreciated that the shape of the matrix is dependent on the desired shape of the shaped part. For a formed part with a simpler shape, the shape and the coating thickness of the matrix can be controlled, the processes of powder layer by layer, programming control and the like in the traditional laser 3D printing technology are avoided, and meanwhile, a high-power laser and a subsequent heat treatment process are not needed, so that the cost is reduced overall.
Referring to fig. 2, the step of simultaneously thermally spraying ceramic powder and cold spraying metal powder on the surface of the substrate to be deposited, and concentrating the simultaneously sprayed ceramic powder and metal powder at one point of the surface of the substrate until the spraying of the surface of the substrate is completed specifically includes the following steps:
step S111: and adjusting the spraying distance and the spraying angle of the thermal spraying spray gun and the cold spraying spray gun.
Preferably, the spraying distance between the thermal spraying gun and the cold spraying gun is controlled within 50mm, and the spraying distance between the thermal spraying gun and the cold spraying gun and the substrate is equal. Wherein the spray distance is expressed as a distance between the thermal spray gun and the cold spray gun and the substrate.
It can be understood that setting the spraying distance to be within 50mm is the common spraying distance for cold spraying, and is much shorter than the common spraying distance for thermal spraying, in this embodiment, the spraying distances of the thermal spraying gun and the cold spraying gun are controlled to be equal, on one hand, the temperature of flying particles is reduced in the interaction process of the high-speed gas flow of the cold spraying gun and the flame flow of the thermal spraying gun, so that the thermal spraying distance needs to be reduced to ensure the temperature and the molten state of the thermal spraying particles; on the other hand, the two spray guns are convenient to mechanically assemble, and can be assembled into integrated equipment.
Preferably, the spraying angles of the thermal spraying gun and the cold spraying gun are controlled between 70-90 degrees, and the spraying angles of the thermal spraying gun and the cold spraying gun are equal. Wherein the spray angle is expressed as an angle between the thermal spray gun and the cold spray gun and the substrate.
It can be understood that the spraying angle is controlled between 70-90 degrees, so that good deposition effect of particles can be ensured, and the spraying shielding effect is prevented; when the spraying angles of the thermal spraying spray gun and the cold spraying spray gun are equal, the interaction of two types of particles of the ceramic powder for thermal spraying and the metal powder for cold spraying can be promoted, so that the melting effect of the thermal spraying on the ceramic powder and the accelerating effect of the cold spraying on the metal powder are crossed and fused, the melting and spreading effect of the particles on the surface of a matrix can be improved, the impact speed of the particles can be accelerated, and the density of a formed part can be improved.
Step S112: and simultaneously spraying ceramic powder through the thermal spraying spray gun and metal powder through the cold spraying spray gun, and controlling the emergent rays of the thermal spraying spray gun and the cold spraying spray gun to be concentrated on one point of the surface of the substrate by adopting a laser or a laser pen.
In the embodiment, the two processes of spraying the ceramic powder by the thermal spraying spray gun and spraying the metal powder by the cold spraying spray gun are simultaneously carried out, and the method is different from the traditional thermal spraying and cold spraying of the metal ceramic composite powder, so that the problems of serious burning loss and oxidation of the metal powder and inclusion of unmelted ceramic powder caused by the difference of melting points of the traditional thermal spraying metal ceramic composite powder are solved, and the problems of difficult deposition and great reduction of content of the ceramic powder caused by hard and brittle ceramic powder and no plastic deformation of the traditional cold spraying metal ceramic composite powder are solved.
In this embodiment, combine together thermal spraying technique and cold spray technique, can effectively solve the residual tensile stress of traditional thermal spraying and the residual compressive stress of traditional cold spray, through the hot effect of thermal spraying ceramic particle to the coating and the neutralization action of cold spray metal particle to the compressive stress of coating, can reduce the residual stress in the final formed part by a wide margin.
In the embodiment, the thermal spraying technology and the cold spraying technology are combined, the deposited coating can be tamped by utilizing the supersonic acceleration of the cold spraying metal particles to the thermal spraying ceramic particles, and the density of the formed part is further improved.
In the embodiment, the thermal spraying technology and the cold spraying technology are combined, so that the thermal spraying ceramic particles are coated by the cold spraying metal particles in the spraying process to form highly coated metal ceramic composite particles, finally, a composite formed part with uniformly distributed metal ceramic components is obtained, and the fatigue performance is greatly improved.
In this embodiment, combine together thermal spraying technique and cold spray technique, can improve metal particle's plastic deformation ability through the heating of thermal spraying ceramic particle to the cold spray metal particle flight in-process, and then improve formed part and formed part density to can reduce the main gas temperature of cold spray, reduce cold spray use cost.
In some of these embodiments, the cold spray gun sprays metal powder at a powder feed rate that is 2 times the powder feed rate of the thermal spray gun spraying ceramic powder.
It can be understood that the content of each component of metal and ceramic in a formed part can be conveniently and quickly controlled and adjusted by controlling the powder feeding rate of the cold spraying spray gun for spraying metal powder and the powder feeding rate of the hot spraying spray gun for spraying ceramic powder, the content of the powder is consistent with that of the formed part, and the problems that the ceramic content of the formed part is greatly reduced and the component content is difficult to control due to high melting point of the ceramic in the processes of the traditional 3D printing technology and the traditional spraying technology can be effectively solved.
In this embodiment, the powder feeding rate of the cold spray gun for spraying the metal powder is controlled to be 2 times of the powder feeding rate of the hot spray gun for spraying the ceramic powder, so that enough metal powder is wrapped on the surface of the ceramic powder in the spraying process to form metal-coated ceramic composite particles, and finally, a highly-composite metal-ceramic formed part is obtained, and the fatigue performance is greatly improved.
Step S123: and moving the substrate on the spraying platform, and repeating the steps until the surface of the substrate is sprayed.
Specifically, if the substrate is a plane, the substrate on the spraying platform needs to move in the X-axis and Y-axis directions; if the substrate is a cylinder, the substrate must be moved in the X-axis direction, i.e., the central axis direction of the cylinder, while rotating on its axis.
It will be appreciated that the thickness of the coating is determined by the required dimensions of the shaped part, the shape of which is determined by the shape of the substrate.
It can be understood that in the process of finishing the spraying of the surface of the matrix, because the residual stress of the thermal spraying formed part is tensile stress and the residual stress of the cold spraying is compressive stress, the interaction of the two spraying particles in the deposition process can greatly reduce the residual stress of the formed part and improve the fatigue strength of the formed part; the impact and interpenetration of the cold spraying particles on the hot spraying particle flow can effectively form the metal ceramic composite particle flow, and finally the metal ceramic composite forming part is formed.
Step S120: and separating the matrix to obtain the metal ceramic composite formed part.
In some embodiments, the matrix is separated by chemical dissolution or mechanical vibration or wire cutting to obtain the metal ceramic composite formed part.
According to the preparation method provided by the embodiment of the application, the hot spraying technology and the cold spraying technology are organically combined in the process of preparing the metal ceramic composite formed part, and the high-performance metal ceramic composite formed part is formed by the cross integration of multiple functions such as heat, kinetic energy, cladding, tamping and the like.
The application provides a preparation method of 3D printing metal ceramic composite forming part, two spraying processes of hot spraying ceramic powder and cold spraying metal powder are carried out simultaneously, the problems of serious burning loss and oxidation of metal powder and inclusion of unmelted ceramic powder caused by melting point difference of traditional hot spraying metal ceramic composite powder are solved, the problems that ceramic powder is difficult to deposit and the content is greatly reduced caused by hard and brittle ceramic powder and no plastic deformation of traditional cold spraying metal ceramic composite powder are solved, the operation is simple, and the steps are simple.
For convenience of explanation, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1:
in this example, the substrate was a copper alloy plate with dimensions of 100 × 5 mm.
First, the substrate is sandblasted. Then, the thermal spray and cold spray guns were corrected for angle and distance by a laser and a ruler to a spray distance of 40mm and a spray angle of 80 °. Al delivery by thermal spray gun2O3Powder with the granularity of 30-50 mu m, the powder feeding rate of 30g/min and the spraying power of 40 kW; the cold spraying spray gun is used for conveying Al powder, the granularity is 15-45 mu m, the powder conveying rate is 60g/min, the main gas pressure is 2MPa, and the main gas temperature is 300 ℃. Spraying until the thickness of the coating reaches 3mm, and removing the copper matrix by machining to obtain Al-Al2O3The composite formed part has high density and low residual stress, and does not need subsequent heat treatment.
Example 2:
in this example, the substrate is an aluminum alloy sheet with a dimension of 100 x 5 mm.
First, the substrate is sandblasted. Then, the thermal spray and cold spray guns were corrected for angle and distance by a laser and a ruler to a spray distance of 50mm and a spray angle of 85 °. ZrO delivery by thermal spray gun2Powder with the granularity of 15-45 mu m, the powder feeding rate of 20g/min and the spraying power of 40 kW; the cold spraying spray gun conveys Cu powder with the granularity of 15-45 mu m, the powder conveying rate of 40g/min, the main gas pressure of 2MPa and the main gas temperature of 500 ℃. Spraying until the thickness of the coating reaches 5mm, and removing the aluminum matrix by machining to obtain Cu-ZrO2The composite formed part has high density and low residual stress, and does not need subsequent heat treatment.
Example 3:
in this example, the substrate is a stainless steel rod with a diameter of 50mm and a length of 100 mm.
First, the substrate is sandblasted. Then, the spray guns for the thermal spraying and the cold spraying were subjected to angle and distance correction by a laser and a ruler so that the spraying distance was 45mm and the spraying angle was 80 °. Cr conveying by thermal spraying spray gun2O3Powder with the granularity of 15-45 mu m, the powder feeding rate of 25g/min and the spraying power of 40 kW; the cold spraying spray gun is used for conveying Ni powder with the granularity of 15-45 mu m, the powder conveying rate of 50g/min, the main gas pressure of 3MPa and the main gas temperature of 600 ℃. The rotation speed of the stainless steel substrate is controlled to be 180r/min through the workbench, and the transverse moving speed is controlled to be 5 mm/s. Spraying until the thickness of the coating reaches 10mm, and removing the stainless steel matrix by machining to obtain Cu-ZrO2The composite formed part has high density and low residual stress, and does not need subsequent heat treatment.
The above embodiments are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, and all modifications, equivalents, and flow charts using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present disclosure or those directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are intended to be included in the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. The preparation method of the 3D printed metal ceramic composite formed part is characterized by comprising the following steps:
simultaneously thermally spraying ceramic powder and cold spraying metal powder on the surface of a substrate to be deposited, and concentrating the simultaneously sprayed ceramic powder and metal powder at one point of the surface of the substrate until the spraying of the surface of the substrate is finished;
and separating the matrix to obtain the metal ceramic composite formed part.
2. The method for preparing a 3D printed cermet composite formed part according to claim 1 further comprising a step of surface treatment of the substrate to be deposited before the steps of thermal spraying ceramic powder and cold spraying metal powder on the surface of the substrate to be deposited simultaneously.
3. The method for preparing a 3D printed cermet composite formed part according to claim 2 characterized in that the surface treatment comprises one or several of baking or ultrasonic vibration or sand blasting or pickling treatment.
4. The method of preparing a 3D printed cermet composite profile according to claim 1 or 3 characterised in that the matrix comprises metal or alloy or ceramic or graphite.
5. The method for preparing a 3D printed metal ceramic composite formed part according to claim 1, wherein the steps of simultaneously thermally spraying ceramic powder and cold spraying metal powder on the surface of a substrate to be deposited, and concentrating the simultaneously sprayed ceramic powder and metal powder at one point on the surface of the substrate until the spraying of the surface of the substrate is completed comprise the following steps:
adjusting the spraying distance and the spraying angle of the thermal spraying spray gun and the cold spraying spray gun;
spraying ceramic powder by the thermal spraying spray gun and metal powder by the cold spraying spray gun at the same time, and controlling the emergent rays of the thermal spraying spray gun and the cold spraying spray gun to be concentrated on one point of the surface of the substrate;
and moving the substrate on the spraying platform, and repeating the steps until the surface of the substrate is sprayed.
6. The method for preparing a 3D printed metal ceramic composite molding according to claim 5, wherein the spraying distance of the thermal spraying gun and the cold spraying gun is controlled within 50mm, and the spraying distance of the thermal spraying gun and the cold spraying gun is equal.
7. The method for preparing a 3D printed metal ceramic composite molding according to claim 5, wherein the spraying angles of the thermal spraying gun and the cold spraying gun are controlled to be 70-90 degrees, and the spraying angles of the thermal spraying gun and the cold spraying gun are equal.
8. The method of preparing a 3D printed cermet composite formed part of claim 5 wherein the powder delivery rate of the cold spray gun spraying metal powder is 2 times the powder delivery rate of the thermal spray gun spraying ceramic powder.
9. The method for preparing the 3D printed metal ceramic composite formed part according to claim 1, wherein the step of separating the matrix to obtain the metal ceramic composite formed part specifically comprises the following steps:
and separating the matrix by adopting chemical dissolution or mechanical vibration or wire cutting to obtain the metal ceramic composite formed part.
10. A 3D printed cermet composite moulding prepared by the method of preparation of a 3D printed cermet composite moulding according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN202210240648.0A 2022-03-10 2022-03-10 3D printing metal ceramic composite forming part and preparation method thereof Pending CN114622197A (en)

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