CN114618274A - Method for preventing corrosion of metal heat exchanger - Google Patents

Method for preventing corrosion of metal heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114618274A
CN114618274A CN202210155755.3A CN202210155755A CN114618274A CN 114618274 A CN114618274 A CN 114618274A CN 202210155755 A CN202210155755 A CN 202210155755A CN 114618274 A CN114618274 A CN 114618274A
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flue gas
heat exchanger
metal
desulfurization
temperature
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CN114618274B (en
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韦晋科
甘牧原
陈阳
吴文升
钟雯斌
陈贵孟
郭凌华
黎柳升
陈瑞强
韦保宁
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Liuzhou Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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Liuzhou Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8621Removing nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/8625Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/8631Processes characterised by a specific device
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/346Controlling the process
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/50Sulfur oxides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/78Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283Flue gases
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/30Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preventing corrosion of a metal heat exchanger, which comprises the following steps: step A: the original flue gas passes through a desulfurization tower to become desulfurized saturated clean flue gas at 50 ℃, then passes through a desulfurized metal flue gas heat exchanger to be heated, and then enters a denitration system, so that the denitrated high-temperature flue gas is discharged from the denitration system; and B: and taking a part of denitrated high-temperature flue gas discharged from the denitration system, and then leading the part of denitrated high-temperature flue gas back to the clean flue gas side inlet of the desulfurization metal flue gas heat exchanger to mix with saturated clean flue gas at the outlet of the desulfurization tower, so that the temperature of the saturated clean flue gas at the outlet of the desulfurization tower is raised by 2-5 ℃, and the phenomenon that the desulfurized saturated clean flue gas is condensed into condensed water and acid mist when passing through the desulfurization metal flue gas heat exchanger is avoided. The invention overcomes the essential problem that the desulfurization metal heat exchanger is corroded, reduces the material requirement of the metal heat exchanger and reduces the investment and maintenance cost.

Description

Method for preventing corrosion of metal heat exchanger
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environmental protection, in particular to protection of a desulfurized metal flue gas heat exchanger, and particularly relates to a method for preventing corrosion of a metal heat exchanger.
Background
At present, the desulfurization and denitrification system which combines the wet desulfurization and SCR denitrification processes and is provided with a desulfurization metal flue gas heat exchanger is mostly adopted in China as the desulfurization and denitrification processes are firstly adopted. The raw flue gas passes through a desulfurization system and then becomes saturated clean flue gas temperature of about 50 ℃, then passes through a configured desulfurization metal flue gas heat exchanger, can be heated to 20-30 ℃, then enters a denitration system, and finally can be lifted to a denitration reaction window temperature of 200-320 ℃ by a rotary flue gas heat exchanger and a heat supplementing device configured in the denitration system, and the temperature of the denitrated flue gas is reduced to about 110 ℃ after passing through the rotary flue gas heat exchanger for being discharged.
Most of the wet desulphurization outlet flue gas is water-containing saturated flue gas at about 50 ℃, and in order to strengthen the smoke discharge effect, more wet desulphurization configured heat exchangers are used for heat exchange of flue gas before and after desulphurization, so that the temperature of the flue gas at a desulphurization inlet can be reduced, the temperature of the flue gas at a desulphurization outlet is increased, and the effects of reducing the desulphurization evaporation capacity and improving the diffusion capacity of the flue gas at the desulphurization outlet are achieved, wherein a considerable part of heat exchangers adopt a hydrophily type metal flue gas heat exchanger (MGGH) or a metal tube type plate type heat exchanger (GGH). However, due to the characteristics of wet desulfurization, when a metal heat exchanger is used, the problem of acid mist corrosion is faced, which is specifically as follows:
first, more severe acid corrosion. The sintering flue gas contains a large amount of sulfur dioxide, when the sulfur dioxide which is not removed completely is combined with oxygen to generate sulfur trioxide under a certain condition, the sulfur dioxide is combined with water vapor to form sulfuric acid liquid drops, meanwhile, the clean flue gas also carries partial sulfite and sulfate slurry liquid drops escaping from a desulfurization tower, the existence of the sulfate, the sulfite and the sulfuric acid liquid drops enables the acid dew point of the flue gas to be obviously raised, in addition, a flue distance is formed and the temperature of the flue gas is reduced before the flue gas is conveyed from a desulfurization outlet to a clean flue gas side inlet of a desulfurization metal flue gas heat exchanger, a small amount of water drops can be separated from saturated clean flue gas and enter a metal heat exchanger temperature rising side along with the clean flue gas and carried substances, and simultaneously, the flue gas is fogged under the condition that the flue gas temperature is lower than the acid dew point, the metal heat exchanger elements on the clean flue gas side are corroded, and the metal wall and the heat exchange sheet of the metal heat exchanger are thinned, and (4) damage.
Second, economy of material selection. In terms of the current material cost and process, the problems can be solved to a certain extent by improving the material quality, but the high price and the high maintenance cost are borne, and the problem that the material is corroded cannot be fundamentally solved only by slowing down the corrosion rate.
In summary, the following problems exist in the prior art: after desulfurization, the clean flue gas corrodes the metal heat exchanger, especially the clean flue gas side.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for preventing a metal heat exchanger from being corroded, which aims to solve the problem of corrosion of clean flue gas to the metal heat exchanger.
Therefore, the invention provides a method for preventing corrosion of a metal heat exchanger, which comprises the following steps:
step A: the original flue gas passes through a desulfurization tower to become desulfurized saturated clean flue gas at 50 ℃, then passes through a desulfurized metal flue gas heat exchanger to be heated, and then enters a denitration system, so that the denitrated high-temperature flue gas is discharged from the denitration system;
and B: and taking a part of denitrated high-temperature flue gas discharged from the denitration system, and then leading the part of denitrated high-temperature flue gas back to the clean flue gas side inlet of the desulfurization metal flue gas heat exchanger to be mixed with the saturated clean flue gas at the outlet of the desulfurization tower, so that the temperature of the saturated clean flue gas at the outlet of the desulfurization tower is raised by 2-5 ℃, and the phenomenon that the desulfurized saturated clean flue gas is condensed into condensed water and acid mist when passing through the desulfurization metal flue gas heat exchanger is avoided.
Further, the desulfurizing tower is a desulfurizing tower of a wet desulphurization system.
Further, in the step B, the amount of a part of high-temperature flue gas discharged from the denitration system is: taking 1/14-1/9 of denitrated high-temperature flue gas of the total saturated and clean flue gas standard condition at the outlet of the desulfurizing tower.
Further, the high-temperature flue gas after denitration is about 110 ℃.
And step B, in the denitration system, a branch flue is arranged on an outlet flue of the booster fan, and the high-temperature flue gas after denitration is introduced back to the clean flue gas side inlet of the desulfurization metal flue gas heat exchanger through the branch flue.
Further, in the step B, a booster fan and a chimney are arranged behind the denitration system, a heat regenerative fan is arranged between the booster fan and the chimney, and the denitrated high-temperature flue gas is introduced back to the clean flue gas side inlet of the desulfurization metal flue gas heat exchanger through the heat regenerative fan.
Furthermore, the air mixing device is arranged at the clean smoke side inlet of the metal desulfurization smoke heat exchanger, and high-temperature smoke after denitration and the saturated clean smoke at the outlet of the desulfurization tower are mixed through the air mixing device.
The denitration system is an SCR denitration system.
The invention leads the denitrated high-temperature flue gas (about 110 ℃) to the clean flue gas inlet side of the desulfurization metal heat exchanger, improves the saturated clean flue gas temperature from the outlet of the wet desulfurization tower by 2-5 ℃, thereby solving the problem that the saturated clean flue gas at the outlet of the desulfurization tower is easy to separate out water and condense out acid mist on the clean flue gas inlet side of the desulfurization metal heat exchanger to cause corrosion to the metal heat exchanger, overcoming the essential problem that the desulfurization metal heat exchanger is corroded, reducing the material requirement of the metal heat exchanger, lowering the investment and maintenance cost, and having important practical significance for realizing the development strategy of energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the air mixing device at the clean flue gas side inlet of the desulfurized metal flue gas heat exchanger.
FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a specific work flow of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The applicant found in the study that: the clean flue gas after wet desulphurization carries part of slurry liquid drops containing sulfite and sulfate escaping from the absorption tower, and is saturated flue gas with higher dew point temperature and higher water content, when the clean flue gas passes through the temperature rising side of the desulphurization metal heat exchanger, acid mist is easy to form, and the carried slurry and a small amount of separated water drops can also cover the surface of the heat exchange element to corrode the heat exchanger. In addition, the precipitated moisture is combined with part of sintering dust which is not completely removed, scaling can be caused, and the heat exchanger is locally overheated, so that the working efficiency is reduced.
Therefore, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 4, the applicant applies to a desulfurization and denitrification system which combines a wet desulfurization process and an SCR denitrification process and is equipped with a desulfurization metal flue gas heat exchanger, such as sintering, pelletizing, and a boiler, by arranging a regenerative fan and a pipeline to guide a part of denitrated high-temperature clean flue gas (about 110 ℃) to the inlet side of the clean flue gas of the desulfurization metal flue gas heat exchanger, and by mixing the saturated clean flue gas from a desulfurization tower with air and raising the temperature by 2-5 ℃ through an air mixing device, the temperature of the flue gas is higher than the dew point temperature and becomes unsaturated flue gas, so that the flue gas is prevented from condensing acid mist when passing through a rear end flue and the heat exchanger, and the corrosion to the heat exchanger is avoided in principle according to the properties of the flue gas, thereby realizing the protection of the desulfurization metal flue gas heat exchanger.
Further, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the air mixing device comprises a plurality of nozzles 220 extending into the desulfurized metal flue gas heat exchanger 20. The aperture of the nozzle 220 is smaller than that of the desulfurized metal flue gas heat exchanger 20, and the nozzle 220 can provide higher outlet speed, which is beneficial to full mixing.
Further, the nozzles 220 are uniformly arranged in the radial direction at the inlet of the clean flue gas side of the desulfurized metal flue gas heat exchanger, and the axis of the nozzle 20 is perpendicular to the pipeline at the inlet of the clean flue gas side of the desulfurized metal flue gas heat exchanger. Thus, the air mixing effect is uniform.
The applicant opens a branch flue on a flue at the outlet of a booster fan in a desulfurization and denitrification system which combines a wet desulfurization process and an SCR (selective catalytic reduction) denitrification process and is provided with a desulfurization metal flue gas heat exchanger, configures a regenerative fan, takes high-temperature flue gas with the temperature of about 110 ℃ after denitrification of 1/14-1/9 of the standard total amount of saturated and clean flue gas at the outlet of a desulfurization tower through the regenerative fan, and conveys the high-temperature flue gas to an air mixing device at the inlet of the clean flue gas side of the desulfurization metal flue gas heat exchanger through the flue, thereby realizing the effect of heating the saturated and clean flue gas at the outlet of the desulfurization tower by 2-5 ℃. By the device, the phenomenon that the saturated and clean desulfurized flue gas is condensed into condensed moisture and acid mist when passing through the desulfurized metal flue gas heat exchanger is avoided, and the desulfurized metal flue gas heat exchanger is protected. By contrast, the surface of the desulfurization metal heat exchanger protected by the invention is not directly washed by slurry carried out by the desulfurization clean flue gas to cause corrosion, the surface scaling phenomenon can not occur, the service life of the heat exchanger can be prolonged by 3-5 years, and the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger is reduced by no more than 1% in one overhaul period (3 months), which is far lower than the value that the heat exchange efficiency of the desulfurization heat exchanger not protected by the invention is normally reduced by 5-8% in one overhaul period.
The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In order that the components of the present invention may be combined without conflict, it is intended that all equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A method of preventing corrosion of a metal heat exchanger, the method comprising:
step A: the original flue gas passes through a desulfurization tower to become desulfurized saturated clean flue gas at 50 ℃, then passes through a desulfurized metal flue gas heat exchanger to be heated, and then enters a denitration system, so that the denitrated high-temperature flue gas is discharged from the denitration system;
and B: and taking a part of denitrated high-temperature flue gas discharged from the denitration system, and then leading the part of denitrated high-temperature flue gas back to the clean flue gas side inlet of the desulfurization metal flue gas heat exchanger to be mixed with the saturated clean flue gas at the outlet of the desulfurization tower, so that the temperature of the saturated clean flue gas at the outlet of the desulfurization tower is raised by 2-5 ℃, and the phenomenon that the desulfurized saturated clean flue gas is condensed into condensed water and acid mist when passing through the desulfurization metal flue gas heat exchanger is avoided.
2. The method for preventing corrosion of a metal heat exchanger as recited in claim 1, wherein said desulfurization tower is a desulfurization tower of a wet desulfurization system.
3. The method for preventing the corrosion of the metal heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein in the step B, the amount of a part of high-temperature flue gas discharged from the denitration system is: taking 1/14-1/9 of denitrated high-temperature flue gas of the total saturated and clean flue gas standard condition at the outlet of the desulfurizing tower.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the denitrated high temperature flue gas is at a temperature of 110 ℃.
5. The method for preventing the corrosion of the metal heat exchanger as recited in claim 1, wherein in the step B, a bypass flue is opened on an outlet flue of the booster fan in the denitration system, and the denitrated high-temperature flue gas is introduced back to the clean flue gas side inlet of the desulfurized metal flue gas heat exchanger through the bypass flue.
6. The method for preventing the corrosion of the metal heat exchanger according to claim 5, wherein in the step B, a booster fan and a chimney are arranged behind the denitration system, a regenerative fan is arranged between the booster fan and the chimney, and the denitrated high-temperature flue gas is introduced back to the clean flue gas side inlet of the desulfurized metal flue gas heat exchanger through the regenerative fan.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein an air mixing device is provided at the clean flue gas inlet of the desulfurized metal flue gas heat exchanger, and the denitrated high-temperature flue gas is mixed with the saturated clean flue gas at the outlet of the desulfurizing tower by the air mixing device.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117606252A (en) * 2023-11-23 2024-02-27 河北天越激光再制造科技有限公司 Device capable of replacing GGH heat exchanger to heat clean flue gas

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CN112892205A (en) * 2021-01-28 2021-06-04 北京首钢国际工程技术有限公司 Device and method for heating SCR (selective catalytic reduction) denitration flue gas by using pulverized coal furnace

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CN112892205A (en) * 2021-01-28 2021-06-04 北京首钢国际工程技术有限公司 Device and method for heating SCR (selective catalytic reduction) denitration flue gas by using pulverized coal furnace

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117606252A (en) * 2023-11-23 2024-02-27 河北天越激光再制造科技有限公司 Device capable of replacing GGH heat exchanger to heat clean flue gas

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Inventor after: Wei Jinke

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