CN114613241A - Skull fixer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a skull fixer, which comprises a locking mechanism, an upright post base assembly and a crown fixer, wherein the locking mechanism is arranged on an upright post of the upright post base assembly, the upper end of the upright post is clamped by an upper support of a gas spring of the locking mechanism, a connecting rod of the crown fixer is arranged in a hole of a ball rod of the locking mechanism, the locking mechanism and the upright post are connected together and locked by a locking handle on the crown fixer, the structure is simple, the locking mechanism cannot be overturned when force is applied, a skull model or a skull specimen is placed on the crown fixer in the process of training of a internist or testing of a medical worker, the invention can well assist the internist or the medical worker to finish the verification of related practice or preoperative surgical schemes, shorten the training time and reduce the training cost, and has the potential advantages of shortening the operation time, reducing the pain of a patient and reducing the labor intensity of the internist, the operation cost is reduced.

Description

Skull fixer

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a skull fixer.

Background

Before minimally invasive surgery or when training a intern, a skull fixer is needed, and when the intern is needed to be trained, the skull fixer is needed to be used for fixing a skull model. Specifically, the skull holder needs to meet the following requirements:

1. the skull model is placed and fixed on the fixator, so that a practitioner is trained, training time is shortened, training quality is improved, and training cost is reduced;

2. before difficult surgery, if necessary, a surgeon needs to verify a surgical scheme, firstly, the skull specimen is verified, and the skull specimen is placed on a fixer, so that the surgeon can simulate surgical actions, the effect same as that of the surgical process is achieved, reliable guarantee is provided for successful surgery, pain of a patient is indirectly reduced, and surgical time and surgical cost are saved;

3. a training platform is provided for minimally invasive surgery, and the urgent need of training of interns and verification of preoperative schemes is solved;

in the prior art, there is a fixing device similar to a coronary fixator, for example, the chinese patent with application number 201310276271.5 entitled "temporal bone and skull anatomical fixing device", which has a locking and fixing function, but its locking mechanism is complex, the force required for locking is large, and it is easy to tip over when applying force.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a skull fixer which has a simple locking structure and can not turn over when force is applied.

The invention relates to a skull fixer, which comprises an upright post base assembly, a locking mechanism arranged on an upright post of the upright post base assembly, and a crown fixer detachably connected with the locking mechanism and used for fixing a skull model, wherein the locking mechanism comprises a jacking screw plug, a sliding block, a screw plug, two copper jacking blocks, a ball seat, a ball cover, a ball rod and a gas spring assembly capable of driving the sliding block to move up and down along the upright post; the sliding block is sleeved on the stand column and is in sliding connection with the stand column, the sliding block is provided with a stepped transverse through hole and a radial through hole, two copper jacking blocks are arranged in the transverse through hole and are positioned at two sides of the stand column, a jacking screw plug is in threaded connection with the transverse through hole of the sliding block, the screw plug is arranged in a screw hole of the jacking screw plug and compresses the left copper jacking block, a ball seat is arranged in the transverse through hole and can be in contact with a step of the transverse through hole and the right copper jacking block, the right side surface of the ball seat is provided with a ball hole, the spherical head of a ball rod is arranged in the ball seat and is matched with the ball hole, and a ball cover is in threaded connection with the sliding block and compresses the spherical head of the ball rod in the ball seat; the upper end part of the gas spring is installed at the top end of the upright post through a gas spring upper support, the lower end part of the gas spring is hinged with the upper end parts of a gas spring lower shaft front support and a gas spring lower shaft rear support through a gas spring lower shaft, and the middle lower parts of the gas spring lower shaft front support and the gas spring lower shaft rear support are fixed on the front side and the rear side of the sliding block; the connecting rod of the crown-shaped fixer is arranged in the hole of the ball rod of the locking mechanism and is locked, and the integral gravity center of the skull fixer is positioned in the base of the upright post base combination body.

The invention relates to a skull fixator, which comprises a connecting rod, a fixing ring, a locking handle and a plurality of locking fixing pieces uniformly distributed along the circumference of the fixing ring, wherein the lower end face of the fixing ring is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped crossed rod, the outer edge of the upper end face of the fixing ring is provided with a plurality of inserting heads, the number of the locking fixing pieces is the same as that of the inserting heads, each locking fixing piece comprises an inserting rod capable of being inserted into the fixing ring and a screw for locking the inserting rod and the fixing ring, the inserting end of the inserting rod is provided with a conical clamping jaw, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing ring, the other end of the connecting rod is inserted into a hole, and the lower end part of the locking handle is sequentially screwed into a ball rod and the connecting rod to connect the ball rod and the fixing piece together.

The skull fixer comprises a base, a connecting plate and an upright post fixedly connected to the connecting plate, wherein the upright post penetrates through a radial through hole, the connecting plate is fixedly connected with the base through a plurality of screws, and the base is a flat plate.

The skull fixer comprises two copper top blocks, wherein the two copper top blocks are provided with spherical bulges, and the two spherical bulges are abutted with an upright post.

The skull fixer comprises a head, a locking mechanism and a locking screw, wherein the locking mechanism further comprises a rod-shaped handle which is fixedly connected to the upper end of the head of the jacking screw plug.

The skull fixer comprises a lower shaft sleeve of the gas spring, wherein the lower shaft sleeve of the gas spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the lower shaft of the gas spring.

The skull fixer comprises two screw plugs.

The skull fixer of the invention is different from the prior art in that the skull fixer comprises a locking mechanism, an upright post base assembly and a crown-shaped fixer, wherein the locking mechanism is arranged on an upright post of the upright post base assembly, the upper end of the upright post is clamped by an upper gas spring support of the locking mechanism, a connecting rod of the crown-shaped fixer is arranged in a hole of a ball rod of the locking mechanism, the locking mechanism and the ball rod are connected together and locked by a locking handle on the crown-shaped fixer, concretely, the locking mechanism comprises a jacking screw plug, a sliding block, a screw plug, two copper jacking blocks, a ball seat, a ball cover, a ball rod and a gas spring assembly capable of driving the sliding block to move up and down along the upright post, the gas spring assembly comprises a gas spring, an upper gas spring support, a lower gas spring shaft front support, a lower gas spring shaft rear support and a lower gas spring shaft, the sliding block is sleeved on the upright post and is connected with the upright post in a sliding way, the sliding block is provided with a step-shaped transverse through hole and a radial through hole, two copper jacking blocks are arranged in the transverse through hole and positioned at two sides of the stand column, a jacking screw plug is in threaded connection with the transverse through hole of the sliding block, the screw plug is arranged in a screw hole of the jacking screw plug and tightly presses the left copper jacking block, a ball seat is arranged in the transverse through hole and can be contacted with the step of the transverse through hole and the right copper jacking block, the right side surface of the ball seat is provided with a ball hole, the spherical head of a ball rod is arranged in the ball seat and matched with the ball hole, a ball cover is in threaded connection with the sliding block and tightly presses the spherical head of the ball rod in the ball seat, the upper end of the gas spring is arranged at the top end of the stand column through a gas spring upper support, the lower end of the gas spring is hinged with the upper end of a gas spring lower shaft front support and a gas spring lower shaft rear support through a gas spring lower shaft, the middle lower parts of the gas spring front support and the gas spring lower shaft rear support are fixed at the front side and the rear side of the sliding block, a connecting rod of the crown-shaped fixer is arranged in the hole of the ball rod of the locking mechanism and locked, when the crown-shaped fixer is used, a handle on the locking mechanism is pulled clockwise (or the jacking screw plug rotates clockwise) by a hand, the crown-shaped fixer is locked, the locking mechanism and the crown-shaped fixer are both fixed on the upright post of the upright post base assembly and cannot move up and down along the upright post, and the crown-shaped fixer cannot swing around the ball head center of the ball rod of the locking mechanism; the handle on the locking mechanism is pulled anticlockwise by a hand (or the jacking screw plug rotates anticlockwise), the crown-shaped fixer is released, the locking mechanism and the crown-shaped fixer can move up and down along the upright post of the upright post base assembly, and the crown-shaped fixer can swing around the ball head center of a ball rod of the locking mechanism; when the locking mechanism is in the releasing position, a guide rod of a gas spring on the locking mechanism pulls the locking mechanism and the crown-shaped fixer to avoid falling under the action of gravity. The locking mechanism adopts a series connection boosting structure, the force application is small, and the locking structure is simple; the whole gravity center of the skull fixer is positioned in the base of the upright post base combination body, and the mechanism cannot fall down when force is applied.

The skull fixer can reliably fix and adjust a skull model or a skull specimen to the optimal height and posture of the operation, is convenient for training medical workers and verifying the operation scheme before the operation doctor, indirectly improves the operation quality and reliability, reduces the operation risk, lightens the labor intensity of the doctor, reduces the pain of a patient and reduces the operation cost. The invention can also be matched with different medical equipment, for example, when the invention is matched with medical equipment such as an endoscope and an electron microscope clamped by an electric surgical supporting arm for use, the training quality can be further improved, the training time can be shortened, the consumption of materials can be reduced, and the training cost can be reduced.

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a cranial fixator of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the cranial fixator of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view of a locking mechanism in the cranial fixator of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the locking mechanism in the cranial fixator of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A in FIG. 4 with the gas spring assembly removed;

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of a column-base combination in the cranial fixator of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a top view of a neutral post base assembly of the cranial fixator of the present invention;

wherein: 1-locking mechanism, 2-column base assembly, 3-handle, 4-top screw plug, 41-screw hole, 5-slide block, 51-transverse through hole, 52-radial through hole, 6-gas spring lower shaft front support, 7-gas spring lower shaft rear support, 8-screw plug, 9-copper top block, 10-ball seat, 101-ball hole, 11-ball cover, 12-gas spring upper support, 13-clamping screw, 14-gas spring, 15-gas spring lower shaft, 16-gas spring lower shaft sleeve, 17-fixing screw, 18-column, 19-bottom plate, 20-screw, 21-club, 211-hole, 22-crown-shaped fixer, 23-connecting rod, 24-locking handle, 25-fixing ring, 251-plug connector, 252-cross rod, 26-connecting plate, 27-locking fixing piece, 271-plug rod, 2711-tapered claw and 272-screw.

Detailed Description

To explain the technical solution, design advantages and method of use of the present invention in more detail, a specific embodiment of the cranial fixator is described below with the aid of the drawings.

As shown in figure 1, the skull fixer comprises a locking mechanism 1, a column base assembly 2 and a crown fixer 22, wherein the crown fixer 22 is used for fixing a skull model and is detachably connected with the locking mechanism 1. Wherein: the locking mechanism 1 is arranged on the upright post 18 of the upright post base assembly 2, is clamped at the upper end of the upright post 18 through the gas spring upper bracket 12 of the locking mechanism 1, the connecting rod 23 of the crown-shaped fixer 22 is arranged in the hole of the ball rod 21 of the locking mechanism 1, and is connected and locked together through the locking handle 24 on the crown-shaped fixer 22.

As shown in fig. 1-5, the locking mechanism 1 includes a rod-shaped handle 3, a tightening screw plug 4, a sliding block 5, a screw plug 8, two copper jacking blocks 9, a ball seat 10, a ball cover 11, a ball rod 21, and a gas spring assembly capable of driving the sliding block 5 to move up and down along a vertical column 18, wherein the gas spring assembly includes a gas spring 14, a gas spring upper support 12, a gas spring lower shaft front support 6, a gas spring lower shaft rear support 7 and a gas spring lower shaft 15; the slide block 5 is sleeved on the upright post 18 and is connected with the upright post 18 in a sliding way, the slide block 5 is provided with a step-shaped transverse through hole 51 and a radial through hole 52, two copper jacking blocks 9 are arranged in the transverse through hole 51 and are positioned at two sides of the upright post 18, the two copper jacking blocks 9 are provided with spherical bulges which can be abutted against the upright post 18 and are symmetrically arranged along the upright post 18, the two copper jacking blocks 9 are in clearance fit with the transverse through hole 51, the longitudinal section of the jacking screw plug 4 is approximate to L shape, the handle 3 is fixedly connected at the upper end of the head part of the jacking screw plug 4, the rod part of the jacking screw plug 4 is provided with a screw hole 41, the rod part of the jacking screw plug 4 is in threaded connection with the transverse through hole 51 of the slide block 5, the screw plug 8 is arranged in the screw hole 41 of the jacking screw plug 4 and compresses the left copper jacking block 9, the ball seat 10 is arranged in the transverse through hole 51 and can be contacted with the step of the right copper jacking block 9 of the transverse through hole 51, the right side surface of the ball seat 10 is provided with a ball hole 101, the spherical head of the ball rod 21 is arranged in the ball seat 10 and is in clearance fit with the ball hole 101, and the ball cover 11 is in threaded connection with the sliding block 5 and presses the spherical head of the ball rod 21 in the ball seat 10; the upper end of a gas spring 14 is mounted at the top end of a stand column 18 through a gas spring upper support 12, the lower end of the gas spring 14 is hinged with the upper ends of a gas spring lower shaft front support 6 and a gas spring lower shaft rear support 7 through a gas spring lower shaft 15, the middle lower parts of the gas spring lower shaft front support 6 and the gas spring lower shaft rear support 7 are fixed on the front side and the rear side of a sliding block 5, and the sliding block 5 is pulled by the gas spring 14; the connecting rod 23 of the crown-shaped fixer 22 is arranged in the hole 211 of the club 21 of the locking mechanism 1 and locked, and the integral gravity center of the skull fixer is positioned in the base 19 of the upright base combination body 2.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the crown-shaped fixer 22 includes a connecting rod 23, a fixing ring 25, a locking handle 24, a plurality of locking fixtures 27 uniformly distributed along the circumference of the fixing ring 25, a curved cross bar 252 fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the fixing ring 25, a plurality of plugs 251 arranged on the outer edge of the upper end surface of the fixing ring 25, the plugs can be made of square tubes, the outer wall of the plugs is provided with circular holes, the number of the locking fixtures is the same as the number of the plugs, each locking fixture 27 includes a plug rod 271 capable of being inserted into the fixing ring and a screw 272 for locking the plug rod 271 with the fixing ring 25, after the plug rod 271 passes through the plug rod 251 and the fixing ring 25, the lower end of the screw 272 passes through the plug rod 251 and is pressed against the upper end surface of the plug rod, the plug end of the plug rod 271 has a claw taper 2711, one end of the connecting rod 23 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing ring 25, the other end 211 of the connecting rod 23 is inserted into the hole, the lower end of the locking handle 24 is screwed into the club and the connecting rod in turn to connect the two.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 5-7, the column-base assembly 2 includes a base 19, a connecting plate 26, and a column 18 fixedly connected to the connecting plate 26, the column 18 is inserted into the radial through hole 52, the connecting plate 26 is fixedly connected to the base 19 through a plurality of screws 20, the base 19 is a flat plate, the flat plate has a sufficient area to ensure that the center of gravity of the column 18 and the components carried thereon is in the flat plate, and under the action of the gravity of the components, the column cannot tip over or tip over, and can be stably placed on the working table; the upright post has enough strength and rigidity, so that the components carried on the upright post can move smoothly and are not blocked due to deformation.

As shown in fig. 5, the outer surface of the gas spring lower shaft 15 is fitted with a gas spring lower boss 16.

As shown in figure 5, two screw plugs 8 are arranged in the invention and are connected in series to tightly push against the screw plug 4.

When the invention is used, the skull model is placed on the crown fixator, and the locking fixing piece 27 is adjusted to fix the skull model. If the height of the skull model needs to be adjusted, the locking mechanism 1 needs to be released first and then locked again. The specific adjusting process is as follows: the handle 3 is pulled clockwise by a hand, the screw plug 4 is tightly pushed to rotate along with the rotation of the handle, the screw plug 8 is driven to move, the copper ejector block 9 on the left side is compressed, the copper ejector block 9 on the right side is compressed on the upright post 18, the copper ejector block 9 on the right side is compressed on the ball seat 10, the ball seat 10 is compressed on the ball rod 21, the spherical head on the ball rod 21 is tightly pressed on the ball cover 11, the locking mechanism 1 is locked on the upright post 18 and cannot move up and down along the upright post 18, the ball rod 21 is pulled by the hand, and the ball rod 21 cannot swing around the ball center; the handle 3 on the locking mechanism 1 is pulled anticlockwise by a hand, the jacking screw plug 4 connected with the lower end of the handle 3 loosens the left copper ejector block 9, the left copper ejector block 9 loosens the upright post 18, so that the right copper ejector block 9 is loosened, then the ball seat 10 is loosened, the ball seat 10 loosens the ball rod 21, the ball head of the ball rod 21 loosens the ball cover 11, the locking mechanism 1 is loosened, the locking mechanism can move up and down along the upright post 18, the ball rod 21 is pulled by the hand, and the ball rod 21 can swing around the ball center; the lower end of the gas spring 14 is hinged with the front support 6 of the lower shaft of the gas spring and the upper end of the rear support 7 of the lower shaft of the gas spring through the lower shaft 15 of the gas spring, the middle lower parts of the front support 6 of the lower shaft of the gas spring and the rear support 7 of the lower shaft of the gas spring are fixed at the front side and the rear side of the sliding block 5, and the guide rod of the gas spring 14 pulls the sliding block 5, namely when the lower support is at the release position, the guide rod of the gas spring 14 on the locking mechanism 1 pulls the locking mechanism 1 to avoid falling under the action of gravity.

In the skull fixer, the locking mechanism 1 is in series reinforcement and has a self-locking function. The structure is simple and reliable, the operation is convenient, the handle 3 on the locking mechanism 1 is pulled by hand, the crown-shaped fixer 22 with the adjusted height and the adjusted posture can be easily, quickly and reliably locked, and the skull model or the skull specimen can be conveniently arranged at the optimal exercise position. The gas spring 14 of the locking mechanism 1 is connected to the upper end of the column 18 of the column-base combination 2 via the gas spring upper bracket 12. When the locking is released, the pull rod of the gas spring 14 pulls the locking mechanism 1 and the crown-shaped retainer 22, so that the locking mechanism cannot fall under the action of gravity; the tension rods of the gas springs 14 can be telescopic so that the locking mechanism 1 and crown holder 22 can be moved up and down along the upright 18, i.e. the height of the crown holder 22 can be adjusted within a desired range. The upright post base assembly 2 is used as a bearing mechanism of the skull fixer, has enough mechanical strength and rigidity, can bear parts carried on the upright post base assembly without being damaged or deformed when working for a long time, can be stably and reliably placed on a worktable surface of a laboratory bench, has a structure according with the requirements of man-machine engineering, is light in weight and is easy to move; the overall gravity center of the skull fixer is positioned in the base 19 of the upright post base assembly 2, the gravity center is reasonably designed, and the skull fixer cannot shake or overturn due to the action of an operator during operation.

The invention solves the problems of training of medical workers in minimally invasive surgeries of medical colleges, medical research institutes (institutions) and hospitals and verification of preoperative schemes of surgeons at present, the locking mechanism is simple and reliable, the connection between the locking mechanism and the crown fixator is simple and reliable, the center of gravity of the whole body is positioned in the base of the upright post base assembly, a skull model or a skull specimen can be reliably fixed and adjusted to the optimal height and posture of the operation, and the training of the medical workers and the preoperative verification of the surgeons are facilitated. Meanwhile, the invention can be matched with different equipment, such as endoscopes, electron microscopes and other medical equipment clamped by the electric surgical support arm, so that the training quality is further improved, the training time is shortened, the consumption of materials is reduced, and the training cost is reduced; further provide convenient condition for verifying the operation scheme before the art, build the operation environment, indirectly improve operation quality and reliability, reduce the operation risk, alleviate doctor intensity of labour, reduce patient's misery, reduce the operation expense.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the protection scheme of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various permutations, combinations and modifications can be made on the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the modifications are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A skull holder characterized in that: the device comprises a vertical column base assembly (2), a locking mechanism (1) arranged on a vertical column (18) of the vertical column base assembly (2), and a crown-shaped fixer (22) detachably connected with the locking mechanism (1) and used for fixing a skull model, wherein the locking mechanism (1) comprises a jacking screw plug (4), a sliding block (5), a screw plug (8), two copper jacking blocks (9), a ball seat (10), a ball cover (11), a ball rod (21) and a gas spring assembly capable of driving the sliding block (5) to move up and down along the vertical column (18), and the gas spring assembly comprises a gas spring (14), a gas spring upper support (12), a gas spring lower shaft front support (6), a gas spring lower shaft rear support (7) and a gas spring lower shaft (15); the sliding block (5) is sleeved on the upright post (18) and is in sliding connection with the upright post (18), the sliding block (5) is provided with a stepped transverse through hole (51) and a radial through hole (52), two copper ejector blocks (9) are arranged in the transverse through hole (51) and are positioned on two sides of the upright post (18), a jacking screw plug (4) is in threaded connection with the transverse through hole (51) of the sliding block (5), a screw plug (8) is arranged in a screw hole (41) of the jacking screw plug (4) and compresses the left copper ejector block (9), a ball seat (10) is arranged in the transverse through hole (51) and can be in contact with the step of the transverse through hole (51) and the right copper ejector block (9), the right side surface of the ball seat (10) is provided with a ball hole (101), the spherical head of the ball rod (21) is arranged in the ball seat (10) and is matched with the ball hole (101), and a ball cover (11) is in threaded connection with the sliding block (5) and compresses the spherical head of the ball seat (21) in the ball seat (10); the upper end part of the gas spring (14) is installed at the top end of the upright post (18) through a gas spring upper support (12), the lower end part of the gas spring (14) is hinged with the upper end part of a gas spring lower shaft front support (6) and a gas spring lower shaft rear support (7) through a gas spring lower shaft (15), and the middle lower part of the gas spring lower shaft front support (6) and the gas spring lower shaft rear support (7) is fixed at the front side and the rear side of the sliding block (5); the connecting rod (23) of the crown fixer (22) is arranged in the hole (211) of the ball rod (21) of the locking mechanism (1) and is locked, and the integral gravity center of the skull fixer is positioned in the base (19) of the upright post base combination body (2).

2. The cranial fixation device of claim 1, wherein: the crown-shaped fixer (22) comprises a connecting rod (23), a fixing ring (25), a locking handle (24) and a plurality of locking fixing pieces (27) which are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the fixing ring (25), wherein the lower end face of the fixing ring (25) is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped cross rod, the outer edge of the upper end face of the fixing ring (25) is provided with a plurality of inserting heads, the number of the locking fixing pieces is the same as that of the inserting heads, each locking fixing piece (27) comprises an inserting rod (271) which can be inserted into the fixing ring and a screw (272) which locks the inserting rod (271) and the fixing ring (25), the inserting end of the inserting rod (271) is provided with a conical clamping jaw (2711), one end of the connecting rod (23) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing ring (25), the other end of the connecting rod (23) is inserted into a hole (211), and the lower end part of the locking handle (24) is sequentially screwed into the ball rod, The connecting rod connects the two together.

3. The cranial fixation device of claim 2, wherein: the upright post and base assembly (2) comprises the base (19), a connecting plate (26) and the upright post (18) fixedly connected to the connecting plate (26), wherein the upright post (18) penetrates through a radial through hole (52), the connecting plate (26) is fixedly connected with the base (19) through a plurality of screws (20), and the base (19) is flat.

4. The cranial fixation device of claim 3 wherein: the two copper jacking blocks (9) are provided with spherical bulges, and the two spherical bulges are abutted with the upright posts (18).

5. The cranial fixator of claim 4, wherein: the locking mechanism (1) further comprises a rod-shaped handle (3), and the handle (3) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the head of the puller plug (4).

6. The cranial fixation device of claim 5, wherein: the outer surface of the gas spring lower shaft (15) is sleeved with a gas spring lower shaft sleeve (16).

7. The cranial fixation device of claim 6, wherein: the number of the screw plugs (8) is two.

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