CN114607677A

CN114607677A - Gear shifting piston cylinder system and fault detection method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114607677A
Application number: CN202011412317.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈慧勇; 王纪福; 刘新猛; 邓伟; 张晓伟; 刘小伟; 惠杰
Original assignee: Zhengzhou Yutong Bus Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhengzhou Yutong Bus Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-03
Filing date: 2020-12-03
Publication date: 2022-06-10

Abstract

The invention relates to a gear shifting piston cylinder system and a fault detection method thereof, which particularly utilize the characteristic that a corresponding gear shifting displacement difference exists between a mechanical dead position of a gear corresponding to a gear shifting mechanism and a positioning structure of a pneumatic mechanism (or other mechanisms utilizing fluid to transfer pressure). By utilizing the characteristics, a fault detection method is established, the problem that the mechanical fault diagnosis of the electromagnetic valve and the fault identification of the sealing faults of the cylinder sealing element and the like are difficult is solved, and the maintenance efficiency is improved.

Description

Gear shifting piston cylinder system and fault detection method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a gear shifting piston cylinder system and a fault detection method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of AMT gearbox control.

Background

With the development of pure electric technology, electric drive systems increasingly adopt gearboxes to meet the requirements of dynamic property. The AMT gearbox adopts the piston cylinder to drive the action part of the gear shifting system to realize gear shifting, and has the advantages of high reliability, long service life, low cost and the like.

The AMT gearbox that adopts at present on pure electric car has 3 fender position, and is corresponding, and the piston rod among its piston cylinder system also corresponds has 3 stations, and the piston cylinder that has 3 stations has two cavities about, pressurizes to two cavities respectively and pressurizes these three kinds of control modes simultaneously to two cavities, relies on a set of piston group that has different stress surfaces to realize the piston rod at the stop of three stations.

Because the mine car operating mode is abominable, the air dust is big, brings very big challenge to AMT gearbox shift cylinder's reliability, often appears because get into dust sand grain and lead to cylinder wearing and tearing and then lead to cylinder gas leakage finally to appear faults such as difficulty of shifting, needs manual inspection to get rid of each spare part trouble one by one, just can lock the problem reason, finds out trouble cylinder cavity, and maintenance efficiency is lower, influences the vehicle operation.

In the prior art, a fault diagnosis scheme of a piston cylinder system mainly aims at fault diagnosis of a solenoid valve circuit system, and circuit faults of a solenoid valve can be judged by collecting parameters such as voltage, current and resistance of the solenoid valve circuit system. For non-circuit faults of the electromagnetic valve, checking is realized by a sensor (pressure, temperature and the like) needing to add related media; for example, in a Chinese patent publication with publication number CN110146757A, a sensor is used for collecting pressure change to judge the clamping stagnation and air leakage faults of an electromagnetic valve, but the working condition of a mine car is severe, the structure of a piston cylinder is complex, the pressure of a pressure source (a common air storage cylinder of the mine car) is continuously changed in the running process of the whole car, and the gas pressure fluctuation in the gear shifting process is large, so that the scheme is not suitable for a pneumatic AMT system of the mine car, and the risk of faults of parts is increased by adding the pressure sensor; the Chinese patent with publication number CN105604663B realizes the fault diagnosis of the electromagnetic valve by judging the temperature change of the medium by using the temperature sensor, and is not suitable for the cylinder using air medium in the piston cylinder; chinese patent publications CN108267658A and CN109917205A mainly diagnose circuit faults of solenoid valves, but cannot detect and diagnose non-circuit faults.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a gear shifting piston cylinder system and a fault detection method thereof, which are used for solving the problem that a pneumatic AMT system is difficult to quickly find out fault reasons and fault positions in gear shifting faults.

In order to achieve the above object, the scheme of the invention comprises:

the invention discloses a gear shifting piston cylinder system which comprises a gear shifting mechanism, a piston cylinder for driving the gear shifting mechanism to act, a piston cylinder driving unit and a controller connected with the piston cylinder driving unit;

the piston cylinder includes: the gear shifting device comprises a piston rod, a cylinder body, a piston system, a positioning device and a position sensor, wherein the piston rod, the cylinder body, the piston system and the positioning device are connected with the gear shifting mechanism; the cylinder is divided into at least two chambers by a piston system; the positioning device can apply force to force the piston system or the piston rod to stay at the position corresponding to the current gear after entering the corresponding gear;

when the piston system is driven to move, the gear shifting mechanism is pushed by the piston rod to reach a gear dead point of a corresponding gear, and after the driving force is removed, the piston system or the piston rod can return to the gear of the corresponding gear for positioning under the action of the positioning device; the gear dead point is the maximum point reached by the displacement of a moving part in the gear shifting mechanism at the corresponding gear;

the piston cylinder drive unit includes: a pressure source, a valve; the pressure source can be communicated with the chambers, and fluid with certain pressure is input into the corresponding chambers; the valve is controlled by the controller and is used for controlling the communication and the shutoff of the fluid channel from the pressure source to the corresponding cavity and the pressure relief of the corresponding cavity;

the controller executes instructions to implement the following sealing performance detection methods for the corresponding chambers:

1) introducing fluid with pressure into a certain chamber;

2) when the position sensor detects the displacement of the piston system or the piston rod reaching a gear dead point of a corresponding gear, the fluid channel of the corresponding cavity is closed;

3) if the position sensor detects that the position of the piston system or the piston rod changes within a set time after the shutdown, the leakage fault of the corresponding chamber is indicated; if the position sensor does not detect that the position of the piston system or the piston rod changes, the sealing performance of the corresponding cavity is good.

According to the invention, by utilizing the characteristic that a corresponding shift displacement difference exists between a mechanical dead position of a gear corresponding to the shift mechanism and a positioning structure of a pneumatic mechanism (or other mechanisms utilizing fluid to transfer pressure), pressure is firstly established in a cavity corresponding to the gear, so that the pneumatic mechanism reaches the mechanical dead position of the shift mechanism, a corresponding valve body is closed at the moment, if the sealing performance of a corresponding gas circuit, the cavity and an electromagnetic valve is good, the pneumatic mechanism cannot displace under the action of the pressure, otherwise, the positioning force of the positioning structure of the pneumatic mechanism can push related components to return to the positioning position of the gear, namely, a normal working position. By utilizing the characteristic, a fault detection method is established, the problem that the mechanical fault diagnosis of the electromagnetic valve and the fault identification of the sealing fault of the cylinder sealing element and the like are difficult is solved, and the maintenance efficiency is improved.

Further, in step 3), the position of the piston system or the piston rod changes to: the piston system or the piston rod reaches the displacement corresponding to the gear positioning from the displacement corresponding to the gear dead center of the corresponding gear.

In order to further improve the detection accuracy, if an air leakage fault exists, the displacement of the pneumatic mechanism under the action of the positioning force should be returned to the positioning position, and if the displacement is only generated and not returned to the positioning position, the problem is not caused by poor sealing.

Furthermore, a gear dead point corresponding to a gear is determined by a stop structure of the gear shifting mechanism at the corresponding gear, and the gear positioning corresponding to the gear is determined by a positioning device of the piston cylinder.

Furthermore, the piston rod moves left and right along a set axis to have a set left position, a set middle position and a set right position which respectively correspond to a 1 gear, a neutral gear and a 2 gear of the gear shifting mechanism; corresponding to the 1 gear and the 2 gear, the gear shifting mechanism comprises a stopping structure for determining a gear dead point of the gear; corresponding to the 1 gear, the 2 gear and the neutral gear, the positioning devices comprise a positioning structure for determining the positioning of the gears;

the piston system comprises a first piston, a second piston and a third piston; the first piston and the second piston are fixed with the piston rod; the cylinder body comprises a first cavity and a second cavity which are distributed left and right;

the first piston comprises a first force bearing surface used for being exerted with pressure to the right by the medium in the first chamber, and the first piston is slidably assembled in the first chamber;

the second piston comprises a second force-bearing surface for being exerted by the medium in the second chamber with a pressure to the left;

the third piston comprises a third force-bearing surface for being exerted by the medium in the second chamber with a pressure to the left; the third piston is provided with a limiting structure, the cylinder body is internally provided with a blocking structure, and the limiting structure is used for being matched with the blocking structure in the cylinder body so that the third piston is blocked and cannot move leftwards; the third piston moves left and right and is provided with a left limit and a right limit; the third piston is of a sleeve structure, the piston rod and the second piston are inserted into the trepanning rightwards, and the second piston is in sealing sliding fit with the trepanning; the third piston comprises an inserting sleeve on the left side and a ring platform on the right side, the inserting sleeve is inserted into the first cavity leftwards, a pushing structure is arranged on the inserting sleeve and used for being matched with the first piston in a pushing mode leftwards, and the pushing structure is used for pushing the first piston to move leftwards or used for being pushed rightwards by the first piston to drive the third piston to move to the right limit position; the peripheral surface of the ring platform is in sliding sealing fit with the second cavity; when the limiting structure is matched with the blocking structure, the third piston is positioned at a left limit and corresponds to the middle position or the left position of the piston rod; when the piston rod is at the right position, the third piston is at the right limit position;

the area of the first stress surface is larger than that of the second stress surface, and the area of the first stress surface is smaller than the sum of the areas of the second stress surface and the third stress surface; the second chamber has a larger volume than the first chamber.

The gear shifting piston cylinder system disclosed by the invention can realize the neutral gear return operation by simultaneously introducing the pressure medium into the two cavities, has a simple and reliable structure, and is easy to drive to realize the gear shifting operation.

The shift piston cylinder system according to claim 4, wherein the positioning device comprises a positioning spring, a positioning steel ball and positioning grooves which are arranged on the piston rod and correspond to the gears one by one, and the positioning grooves are flared openings; the positioning steel ball drives the piston rod to axially move under the action of the elastic force of the positioning spring so that the positioning steel ball stays at the central position of the positioning groove flared opening; the distance from the center position of the positioning groove corresponding to the neutral gear to the center position of the positioning groove corresponding to the 1 gear or the 2 gear on the piston rod is smaller than the displacement distance from the neutral gear to the dead point of the gear corresponding to the 1 gear or the 2 gear.

The gear positioning is realized through the positioning steel ball, the structure is simple and reliable, the maintenance is easy, and the cost is low.

Further, the right side of the ring platform of the third piston is provided with an annular end surface which is used for being exerted with leftward pressure by the medium in the second chamber to form a third force bearing surface; the sectional area of the first cavity is smaller than that of the second cavity, and a first step is formed between the first cavity and the second cavity; the outer diameter of the plug bush is smaller than that of the ring platform, a second step is formed between the plug bush and the ring platform, and the left end face of the second step is used for being matched with the right end face of the first step in a blocking mode; the second step forms a limit structure for the third piston and the first step forms a stop structure in the cylinder.

Further, the valves comprise a first controlled valve, a second controlled valve and a third controlled valve, the first controlled valve and the second controlled valve are both two-position three-way valves, and the third controlled valve is a two-position two-way valve; when the first controlled valve and the second controlled valve are in the first valve position, the first controlled valve is connected with the pressure relief opening and the first chamber, and the second controlled valve is connected with the pressure relief opening and the second chamber; when the first controlled valve and the second controlled valve are in the second valve position, the first controlled valve is connected with the third controlled valve outlet and the first chamber, and the second controlled valve is connected with the third controlled valve outlet and the second chamber; sealing the pressure source outlet and the third controlled valve outlet when the third controlled valve is in the first valve position; and the third controlled valve is in the second valve position and is communicated with the outlet of the pressure source and the outlet of the third controlled valve.

Further, before step 1), the following preliminary tests are also performed:

a) simultaneously introducing fluid with pressure into the first chamber and the second chamber;

b) if the position sensor detects that the position of the piston system or the piston rod deviates to 1 gear, executing the sealing performance detection of the first chamber; if the position sensor detects that the position of the piston system or the piston rod is deviated to 2 th gear, the sealing performance detection of the second chamber is executed.

In the control of the piston cylinder, if the piston rod cannot be accurately positioned, the comprehensive performance parameter changes of two cavities of the piston cylinder, such as the motion resistance of the piston, the sealing performance of the cavities and the like, can be comprehensively reflected. The control of the return center position needs two chambers to establish pressure simultaneously, and the piston rod is moved by generating a driving force through pressure difference, so that the difficulty in returning the center position can reflect some tiny performance changes at the initial stage of fault risk, such as reduction of sealing performance (the control from the piston rod to two dead points only needs one chamber to establish pressure, and the pressure difference is large, even if the piston resistance is large or even is blocked, the pressure difference can be overcome under the large driving force, once the left and right stations are difficult to reach, the piston cylinder often has serious faults, and early warning of the fault risk cannot be realized); therefore, if the piston rod is difficult to return to the middle position, the early warning of the fault can be used to prompt the sealing performance check to remove the fault in an early state.

Therefore, before the sealing performance detection, the invention can also carry out the preliminary detection of whether the fault exists, the preliminary detection can determine whether the gear shifting mechanism is normal, and if the gear shifting mechanism is abnormal, the fault chamber (possibly having leakage) can be predicted, thereby providing detection basis and foundation for the next step of the sealing performance detection of the invention.

Simultaneously, the process of preliminary detection is the same as the control mode of the neutral gear of the gearbox, preliminary detection can be carried out in the vehicle operation working process, and even if problems are found, the problems can be found.

Further, in step 2), if the position sensor does not detect the displacement of the piston system or the piston rod reaching the gear dead point of the corresponding gear, a fault of the two-position three-way valve of the corresponding chamber is reported.

When pressure is built in a single cavity, the piston is stressed to the maximum, one end of the piston can easily reach the gear, and the corresponding gear is engaged, if the gear is not engaged and displaced, the corresponding valve body breaks down with high probability, and the corresponding cavity cannot build effective pressure to push the piston and related parts to move. The fault detection method can realize the fault detection of the valve besides the detection of the sealing performance, and improves the detection efficiency.

The invention discloses a fault detection method for a gear shifting piston cylinder.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the construction of a piston-cylinder system of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a control schematic of the piston-cylinder system of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a simplified schematic illustration of the piston cylinder of FIG. 1 with the piston rod in the left position;

FIG. 4 is a simplified schematic illustration of the piston rod in the piston cylinder of FIG. 1 in a neutral position;

FIG. 5 is a simplified schematic illustration of the piston cylinder of FIG. 1 with the piston rod in the right position;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a piston cylinder;

FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a control method for a piston cylinder system driven gear shifting system to perform gear shifting control according to the invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the position of a shift positioning steel ball in shift 2 (after the first solenoid valve is de-energized and the first chamber is depressurized) of a piston-cylinder system driven shift system of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the position and force analysis of the shift positioning steel ball during the 2-gear shift (before the first solenoid valve is de-energized and the first chamber is depressurized) of the piston-cylinder system driven shift system of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a shift cylinder leak fault detection method in a park condition.

In the figure: 10-a gas source; 2-a piston drive unit; 21-a third solenoid valve; 22-a first solenoid valve; 23-a second solenoid valve; 33-a displacement sensor; 4, a piston cylinder; 41-cylinder body; 410-a first step; 42-a piston; 421-a first piston; 422-a second piston; 423-third piston; 4230-a second step; 4231-ring table; 4232-insert sleeve; 43-a first chamber; 44-a second chamber; 45-a piston rod; 451-positioning grooves; 46-a positioning device; 461-shifting positioning steel ball; 462-a spring; 51-a piston cylinder controller; 52-bus.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Shift piston cylinder system embodiment:

the gear shifting piston cylinder system of the embodiment is applicable to the gear shifting piston cylinder fault detection method.

The piston cylinder system and the embodiment of the piston cylinder applied to the 2-gear AMT gear shifting system are used for driving a gear shifting executing mechanism of an AMT (automatic transmission) of a vehicle to complete gear shifting. The AMT comprises a gear shifting actuating mechanism and a piston cylinder system, and a gear shifting controller of the automatic gearbox can have the function of a cylinder controller or adopt an independent cylinder controller to be controlled and connected by the gear shifting controller. The piston rod of the piston cylinder is in transmission connection with a gear shifting actuating mechanism, a gear shifting controller or an independent cylinder controller (shown in figure 2, namely a piston cylinder controller 51) which is connected with the piston cylinder in the piston cylinder system and a sensor (mainly a displacement sensor 33 shown in figure 2) on a piston cylinder driving unit in a sampling way, and is also in control connection with a fluid control element (a third electromagnetic valve 21, a first electromagnetic valve 22 and a second electromagnetic valve 23 shown in figure 2) in the driving unit of the piston cylinder system.

The piston-cylinder system is shown in fig. 1 and 2, and includes a piston cylinder 4, a piston-cylinder drive unit 2, and a piston-cylinder controller 51. The piston cylinder 4 is used for providing a linear displacement driving force for a gear shifting actuating mechanism of an AMT (automatic transmission) of a vehicle, the linear displacement of an output end of the piston cylinder 4 is directly corresponding to the gear shifting of the gear shifting actuating mechanism, the mechanical structure of the gear shifting actuating mechanism and the transmission structure of the output end of the piston cylinder belong to the prior art, the improvement is not the improvement content of the invention, the improvement mainly relates to the structure of the piston cylinder and the control on the linear displacement output by the piston cylinder, and the piston cylinder suitable for the invention can be a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder, namely, the piston cylinder is a fluid power cylinder which is suitable for all basic principles that corresponding fluid is input through an external pressure source, pressure is built in a cavity of the piston cylinder, and then the piston is pushed to move. The present invention will be described below by taking a pneumatic piston cylinder (hereinafter referred to as a cylinder) as an example.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3 to 5, the piston cylinder 4 in this embodiment is a cylinder, and includes: cylinder 41, piston rod 45, positioning device 46, first piston, third solenoid valve 1, second piston 422, and third piston 423. The cylinder 41 has a first chamber 43 and a second chamber 44 on the left and right, respectively, the cross-sectional area of the first chamber 43 is smaller than that of the second chamber 44, a first step 410 is formed between the first chamber 43 and the second chamber 44, and the first step 410 is a transition step.

The first piston 421 and the second piston 422 are fixedly connected to the piston rod 45, and the first piston 421, the second piston 422 and the piston rod 45 move synchronously. The outer peripheral surface of the first piston 421 is in sealing sliding fit with the first chamber 43, and the left end surface of the first piston 421 is used for being applied with rightward pressure by the medium in the first chamber to form a first force bearing surface of the first piston 421.

The third piston 423 is of a sleeve structure, a sleeve hole is formed in the third piston 423, the piston rod 45 and the second piston 422 are inserted into the sleeve hole rightwards, the second piston 422 is in sealing sliding fit with the sleeve hole of the third piston 423, and the right end face of the second piston 422 is used for being exerted by a medium in the second chamber to apply leftward pressure to form a second force bearing face of the second piston 422.

The third piston 423 is externally provided with a left insert sleeve 4232 and a right ring platform 4231, the outer diameter of the insert sleeve 4232 is smaller than the outer diameter of the ring platform 4231, a second step 4230 is formed between the left insert sleeve 4232 and the ring platform 4231, the left end face of the second step 4230 is used for being in stop fit with the right end face of the first step 410 in the cylinder 41, so that the second step 4230 forms a limiting structure on the sliding path of the third piston 423 and is used for limiting the leftward movement of the third piston, and correspondingly, the first step 410 forms a blocking structure in the cylinder 41, and the existence of the blocking structure enables the third piston to have a left limit for leftward movement. The plug bush 4232 is inserted into the first chamber 43 leftwards, the left end face of the plug bush 4232 is used for being matched with the first piston 421 leftwards in a pushing mode to form a pushing structure of the third piston 423, the third piston 423 can be pushed to move rightwards when the first piston 421 moves rightwards, and due to the existence of the pushing structure, the third piston has a right limit position moving rightwards. The peripheral surface of the ring table 4231 is in sliding sealing fit with the second chamber 44, and the right side of the third piston 423 has an annular end surface for being applied with a leftward pressure by the medium in the second chamber to form a third force-bearing surface of the third piston 423, and due to the pushing structure of the third piston 423, the third piston can push the first piston 421 to move leftward when moving leftward.

In order to realize the movement stroke of the piston rod 45 in the left-right direction, the left, middle and right setting positions are provided. The force-bearing surfaces of the first, second and third pistons are set as follows: the area of the first stress surface is larger than that of the second stress surface; the area of the first force-bearing surface is smaller than the sum of the areas of the second force-bearing surface and the third force-bearing surface, and the piston rod 45 can move left and right and stay at the left, middle and right positions due to the power transmission function of the pushing structure of the third piston 423, the blocking structure (the first step 410) of the cylinder 41 and the limiting structure (the second step 4230) on the third piston 423. Specifically, the piston cylinder driving unit 2 only supplies pressure to the input gas in the first chamber 43, and can build pressure in the first chamber 43 to push the first piston 421 to drive the piston rod 45 and the second piston 422 to move to the right, and reach the right position; or the piston-cylinder driving unit 2 only inputs gas into the second chamber 44 to build pressure, the second piston 422 pushes the first piston 421 and the piston rod 45 to move leftwards to the left position, and the third piston 423 is blocked by the blocking structure of the cylinder 41 to be at the left limit position; when the first and second chambers are filled with gas of the same pressure, the third piston 423 and the second piston 422 can provide an urging force larger than that of the first piston 421 (the area of the first force-bearing surface is smaller than the sum of the areas of the second force-bearing surface and the third force-bearing surface), but because the second piston 422 cannot urge the first piston 421 to move leftward (the area of the first force-bearing surface is larger than that of the second force-bearing surface), and the third piston 423 is blocked at the left limit position thereof and cannot continuously urge the first piston 42, the piston rod 45 can stay at the middle position between the left position and the right position; conversely, although the first piston 421 can push the second piston 422 to move rightward (during moving from the left position to the middle position), at the middle position, the first piston 421 will be blocked by the pushing structure of the third piston 422, and cannot push the second piston 422 to move rightward (the area of the first force-bearing surface is smaller than the sum of the areas of the second force-bearing surface and the third force-bearing surface).

The piston rod 45 is provided with a left positioning groove 451, a middle positioning groove 451 and a right positioning groove 451, correspondingly, the positioning device 46 comprises a spring 462 and a shifting positioning steel ball 461 elastically pressed by the spring 462, and the shifting positioning steel ball of the positioning device 46 is matched with the left positioning groove, the middle positioning groove and the right positioning groove on the piston rod 45 to limit the moving position of the piston rod 45, so that gear change and even damage of a shifting mechanism caused by the displacement of the piston rod due to inclination, vibration, acceleration and the like generated under the vehicle operation condition are prevented.

The piston rod 45 moves three positions on the stroke, corresponding to 1 gear, neutral gear and 2 gear of the AMT. It should be noted that "left and right" defined in the present application refers to a relative positional relationship in a direction of linear displacement output by the piston cylinder, and "middle" refers to a position between the left and right, not an absolute left and right, in other words, when the piston cylinder is vertically placed, although the piston rod can be considered to move up and down, the relative positional relationship between the left and right in the piston cylinder still exists at this time, and the left and right relationship cannot be considered to be changed to an absolute up and down relationship.

The cylinder wall of the second chamber 44 opposite to the moving direction of the piston rod 45 is further provided with a displacement sensor 33, which may be specifically an ultrasonic distance measuring sensor or an infrared distance measuring sensor. The displacement sensor 33 is used for detecting the position of the piston rod 45 in the piston cylinder working process, and the displacement of the piston rod can be obtained through twice detection, and specifically, the displacement of the piston rod can be the distance from the end part of the right side of the piston rod 45 in the second chamber 44 to the displacement sensor 33 as shown in fig. 1; as other embodiments, the position of the piston rod 45 may also be obtained by detecting the position of the first piston 421 in the first chamber 43, or by detecting the position of the second piston 422, or by detecting the displacement of the piston rod 45 by an external displacement sensor.

The piston cylinder drive unit comprises an air source 10, a third solenoid valve 21, a first solenoid valve 22 and a second solenoid valve 23. The first electromagnetic valve 22 and the second electromagnetic valve 23 are respectively communicated with the first cavity 43 and the second cavity 44, the first cavity 43 of the piston cylinder is communicated with the first electromagnetic valve 22, the second cavity 44 is communicated with the second electromagnetic valve 23, and the first electromagnetic valve 22 and the second electromagnetic valve 23 are both two-position three-way normally-closed electromagnetic valves, so that when the electromagnetic valves are electrified and opened, the cylinder cavity is connected with an air path air source, and when the electromagnetic valves are closed, the cylinder cavity is connected with the atmosphere. The other ends of the first electromagnetic valve 22 and the second electromagnetic valve 23 are communicated with an outlet of the third electromagnetic valve 21 through a gas path 24, an inlet of the third electromagnetic valve 21 is connected with the electric pressure source 10, in this embodiment, the third electromagnetic valve is a two-position two-way normally open type electromagnetic valve, that is, the third electromagnetic valve is a path when in a non-energized state, it is ensured that the gas paths from the air pressure source 10 to the first electromagnetic valve 22 and the second electromagnetic valve 23 on the two chambers are unblocked, the third electromagnetic valve 21 is closed when energized, so that the corresponding gas paths are blocked in an airtight manner, and the air pressure source 10 can be specifically an air pump or an air storage bottle. In the present embodiment, the first electromagnetic valve 22 and the second electromagnetic valve 23 are both an intake valve and a waste gate valve, but the pressure relief of the cylinder chamber may be realized by other separate valves.

As shown in fig. 2, the cylinder controller 51 is connected to a bus 52, the third electromagnetic valve 21, the first electromagnetic valve 22, the second electromagnetic valve 23, and the displacement sensor 33 are sequentially connected to the bus 52, and the collected piston rod position data is uploaded or a corresponding control instruction is received through the bus; as other embodiments, the controller 51 may also be used to control or collect and connect the electrically controlled valves and sensors in a single line in turn.

The working process of the 2-gear AMT gear shifting system adopting the gear shifting cylinder is as follows:

the AMT speed change mechanism has three gears of 1 gear, 2 gears (high speed and climbing gear in specific application) and neutral gear, and as the piston cylinder of the above-mentioned driving gear shift actuating mechanism, the piston rod 45 also has three corresponding stations, namely left, middle and right, and can be respectively limited by the positioning ball of the positioning device 46 in cooperation with the positioning groove. The specific gear is shown in fig. 3-5, and in fig. 4, the piston rod 45 is located at the middle position of the full stroke and is a neutral position; in fig. 3, the piston rod 45 is in the left position of the full stroke, which is the 1 st position; in fig. 5, the piston rod 45 is in the full stroke right position, which is the 2-gear position; the gear shifting process can be divided into 4 processes of neutral gear shift into 1 gear, neutral gear shift into 2 gear, neutral gear shift from 1 gear and neutral gear shift from 2 gear, and the basic working principle of each gear shifting process is described below.

1) A neutral gear 1 gear is entered, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the second electromagnetic valve 23 is opened, the second chamber 44 is used as an air inlet chamber and is communicated with a high-pressure air source, high-pressure air is introduced, the first electromagnetic valve 22 is closed, and the first chamber 43 is communicated with the atmosphere; after the air pressure is built in the second chamber 44, the second piston 422 and the piston rod 45 are pushed to move leftwards, the displacement sensor 33 feeds back the piston rod displacement in real time (the displacement can reflect the gear shifting process), and the gear engaging process control from the neutral position in fig. 4 to the 1-gear position in fig. 3 is realized. In the control of the whole gear engaging process, corresponding air pressure needs to be established firstly, the elasticity of a spring in the positioning device 46 is overcome, the gear shifting positioning steel ball is enabled to be separated from a positioning groove corresponding to the current gear (namely, a positioning groove of a neutral gear), then air pressure for pushing a corresponding gear shifting executing mechanism (comprising a shifting fork, a synchronous gear, a combination gear and the like) to complete gear shifting is established until the gear shifting positioning steel ball enters the positioning groove corresponding to the 1 gear, and gear engaging is completed.

2) In the neutral gear 1, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, both the first solenoid valve 22 and the second solenoid valve 23 are opened, both the first chamber 43 and the second chamber 44 are used as air inlet chambers and communicated with a high-pressure air source, and high-pressure air is introduced to ensure that the air pressure in the two chambers is the same; initially, the first piston 421 can push the second piston 422 to move rightward (in the process of moving from the left position to the middle position), but at the middle position, the first piston 421 will be blocked by the pushing structure of the third piston 422, and cannot push the second piston 422 to move rightward (the area of the first force-bearing surface is smaller than the sum of the areas of the second force-bearing surface and the third force-bearing surface). Conversely, although the third piston 423 and the second piston 422 can provide an urging force larger than that of the first piston 421 (the area of the first force-bearing surface is smaller than the sum of the areas of the second force-bearing surface and the third force-bearing surface), because the second piston 422 itself cannot urge the first piston 421 to move leftward (the area of the first force-bearing surface is larger than that of the second force-bearing surface), and the third piston 423 is blocked at the left limit position thereof and cannot further urge the first piston 421, the piston rod 45 can stay at the middle position between the left position and the right position, and meanwhile, the positioning device 46 is matched, and the piston rod 45 and the shift actuator can stay at the neutral position after the pressure of the chamber is relieved.

3) The process of neutral to shift 2 is opposite to the process of neutral to shift 1, as shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, the first chamber 43 is an air inlet chamber, and there is no air pressure in the second chamber 44, so the third piston 423 and the second piston 422 cannot block the first piston 421 to move the piston rod 45 to the right.

4) The process of 2-gear neutral-taking is similar to the process of 1-gear neutral-taking in principle, and only the principle is described: the first chamber 43 and the second chamber 44 are both air inlet chambers, and since the third piston 423 and the second piston 422 can provide an urging force larger than that of the first piston 421 (the area of the first force-bearing surface is smaller than the sum of the areas of the second force-bearing surface and the third force-bearing surface), but since the second piston 422 itself cannot urge the first piston 421 to move leftward (the area of the first force-bearing surface is larger than that of the second force-bearing surface), and the third piston 423 is blocked at the left limit position thereof and cannot continue to urge the first piston 421, the piston rod 45 can stay at the middle position between the left position and the right position.

According to the description of the piston cylinder driving gear engaging working process, when the transmission case of the invention returns to the neutral position, namely the piston rod 45 of the cylinder returns to the middle station, the first electromagnetic valve 22 and the second electromagnetic valve 23 are simultaneously opened, the first chamber 43 and the second chamber 44 simultaneously admit air to push the piston rod 45 to move towards the middle, the displacement sensor 33 detects the displacement value of the piston rod 45 in real time, when the piston rod reaches the neutral position according to the displacement value (corresponding to a piston rod displacement value during the neutral position, the piston rod displacement value can be known to enter the neutral position according to the displacement value), the first electromagnetic valve 22 and the second electromagnetic valve 23 are closed (after the normally closed first electromagnetic valve 22 and the normally closed second electromagnetic valve 23 are powered off and closed, the upstream air passage is blocked, the two chambers are connected with the atmosphere, and the cylinder is depressurized). Due to the difference in shape between the first chamber 43 and the second chamber 44, the second chamber 44 has a larger volume than the first chamber 43, and if the first solenoid valve 22 and the second solenoid valve 23 are closed simultaneously, the pressure drop rate of the second chamber 44 is slower than that of the first chamber 43, the pressure difference will push the second piston 422 to drive the piston rod 45 (cylinder shaft) to move leftward, resulting in a position change, which leads to a shift-out position, thus reflecting the problem of gear skip when gear picking is difficult or gear picking occurs.

In order to solve the problems, the gear shifting piston cylinder further comprises a gear shifting control method, the second electromagnetic valve 23 is set to be firstly closed in a power-off mode (the second cavity 44 with the larger volume starts to release pressure firstly), after the delay time t, the first electromagnetic valve 22 is closed (the first cavity 43 with the smaller volume delays to release pressure), finally, the air pressure difference in the pressure release process of the two cavities does not exceed a certain value (when the air pressure of the two cavities respectively acts on the first stress surface and the second stress surface, the generated resultant force is smaller than the limit force generated by overcoming the positioning device 46), namely, the first electromagnetic valve 22 and the second electromagnetic valve 23 can be ensured to be closed, the piston rod stays at the neutral position in the pressure release process of the cavity air release cylinder, and the initial delay time t can be determined through the gear shifting box or the offline calibration of the air cylinder.

According to the gear-shifting control method of the gear-shifting piston cylinder, the delay time t during neutral gear shifting can be self-corrected according to the displacement fluctuation amount of the piston rod 45 in the gas and pressure removing and releasing processes in each gear-shifting control process, the numerical value of the delay time t can directly reflect the exhaust states of the

electromagnetic valves

1 and 2, if the early warning range is reached, the electromagnetic valves are reminded to overhaul and exhaust in an instrument, if the delay time reaches the fault range, the instrument reports faults, and whether faults exist in the corresponding electromagnetic valves are required to be checked, for example, the exhaust port is blocked or the valve core is clamped and can not return.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, t in the figure is a closing delay time of the first electromagnetic valve 22 set in the TCU after the gear-shifting off-line calibration of the transmission; t1 is an upper limit value of time t in the logic for realizing gear picking, t2 is a lower limit value of time t in the logic for realizing gear picking, if t2 is less than t < t1, the gear picking of the gearbox can be finished, the gear skipping cannot happen after neutral gear picking, otherwise, the exhaust fault of the electromagnetic valve is determined, the electromagnetic valve needs to be overhauled to exhaust, and the gearbox can be recovered for use after the fault is eliminated. t10 is the upper limit value of the time t for reminding maintenance, t20 is the lower limit value of the time t for reminding maintenance, and if t20< t < t10, the normal state is determined; if t2< t < t20 or t10< t < t1, the exhaust of the electromagnetic valve is considered to be abnormal, the electromagnetic valve needs to be checked by attention, the failure is not reported, the electromagnetic valve is reminded to be checked to exhaust, and the gear-shifting of the gearbox can still be finished.

Therefore, the gear-shifting control method of the gear-shifting piston cylinder can avoid gear jumping caused by the deviation of the piston rod after gear shifting; while enabling the on-line calibration of the closing delay time t of the first solenoid valve 22; and the fault can be diagnosed on line according to the closing delay time t. The method specifically comprises the following steps:

1) after receiving the neutral gear picking command, the first solenoid valve 22 and the second solenoid valve 23 are electrified and opened, and the first chamber 43 and the second chamber 44 are communicated with the air source.

2) The TCU determines whether a circuit fault (short circuit/open circuit) is present, based on the voltage and current in the circuit in which the first solenoid valve 22 and the second solenoid valve 23 are present; if yes, the first electromagnetic valve 22 and the second electromagnetic valve 23 are closed, meanwhile, the circuit fault of the first electromagnetic valve 22 or the second electromagnetic valve 23 is reported, the circuit of the corresponding electromagnetic valve is prompted to be checked, and if no circuit fault exists, whether the neutral gear is reached is judged through piston rod displacement.

3) In the neutral gear displacement judgment, if the neutral gear displacement is not reached, the first electromagnetic valve 22 and the second electromagnetic valve 23 are closed again, and the steps 1), 2) and 3) are tried again, a neutral gear failure fault is reported after the set times of the try, meanwhile, the air leakage fault detection of the gear shifting cylinder needing to be stopped is prompted, and the air leakage fault detection of the gear shifting cylinder is introduced below; and if the neutral gear displacement is reached, the next step of cylinder pressure relief is carried out.

4) During cylinder pressure relief, the second electromagnetic valve 23 is firstly closed by power failure, the first electromagnetic valve 22 is closed by power failure after delay time t, at the moment, the cylinder pressure relief is finished, no air pressure exists in the first chamber 43 and the second chamber 44, at the moment, whether piston rod displacement is in a neutral gear state is judged through the displacement sensor 33, if yes, neutral gear return is successful, and if not, the steps of fault online diagnosis and delay time t self-correction are carried out.

5) During the fault online diagnosis and the delay time t self-correction, firstly, the neutral gear displacement is not reached, which indicates that in the chamber gas withdrawal process, under the state that the first electromagnetic valve 22 is closed for the delay time t, the different rates of the gas pressure reduction of the first chamber 43 and the second chamber 44 cause the occurrence of an overlarge gas pressure difference, the thrust is generated to destroy the balance of the piston group, the resistance of the positioning device 46 is overcome, the first piston 421 or the second piston 422 is pushed, the piston rod is finally caused to displace, and the gear cannot return to the neutral position; when the situation occurs, the deviation direction of the piston rod is judged according to the displacement value, and then the delay time t is corrected to diagnose whether the abnormity or the fault exists.

The correction process specifically includes, if S0-S >0, where S0 is a neutral displacement, S is a current displacement, that is, the piston rod is biased toward the second chamber 44, it indicates that the air pressure of the first chamber 43 exceeds the air pressure of the second chamber 44 in the air bleeding process (the delay time for delaying closing the first solenoid valve 22 is too long, that is, there may be a problem of unsmooth air discharge in the first solenoid valve 22, which results in normal air discharge and pressure relief in the second chamber 44, and the pressure relief of the first chamber 43 is slowed), so it is necessary to power off and close the first solenoid valve 22 in advance (after the solenoid valve is closed, the chamber is communicated with the atmosphere for air bleeding), so that the correction is t-1 (the correction amount for each time when t is corrected may be set according to actual conditions), after the correction, it is determined whether t reaches a fault reporting range (t < t2), if t reaches, it indicates that the first solenoid valve 22 has an exhaust fault, reporting a fault to prompt maintenance; if the fault reporting range is not reached, judging whether the early warning range is reached (t < t20), if so, indicating that the first electromagnetic valve 22 exhausts abnormally, prompting to perform maintenance inspection, and powering on the first electromagnetic valve 22 and the second electromagnetic valve 23 according to the new delay time t to perform gear disengagement again; if not, the first electromagnetic valve 22 and the second electromagnetic valve 23 are opened directly according to the new delay time t for gear disengagement again. The above process is the correction of the delay time t and the failure detection of the first electromagnetic valve 22.

The failure detection of the second electromagnetic valve 23 is basically the same as the above principle. Specifically, if S0-S <0, where S0 is neutral displacement and S is current displacement, that is, the piston rod is biased toward the first chamber 43, it indicates that the pressure decrease rate of the second chamber 44 is low and air is slowly released, which may be that an exhaust port of the second electromagnetic valve 23 is blocked, and it is necessary to increase delay time t to allow the second chamber 44 to release air for a while, then t is set to t +1 (the correction amount for each time when t is corrected may be set according to the actual situation), after correction, it is determined whether t reaches the fault reporting range (t > t1), if t reaches, it indicates that the exhaust fault of the second electromagnetic valve 23, and fault reporting prompts maintenance; if the fault reporting range is not reached, judging whether the early warning range is reached (t > t10), if so, indicating that the second electromagnetic valve 23 is abnormal in exhaust, prompting maintenance inspection, and powering on the first electromagnetic valve 22 and the second electromagnetic valve 23 according to the new delay time t to pick up the gear again; if not, the first electromagnetic valve 22 and the second electromagnetic valve 23 are opened directly according to the new delay time t for gear disengagement again.

So far, the gear shifting piston cylinder system of the invention has the fault detection and self-correction gearbox gear-shifting process is finished.

The scheme sets delay time to enable the two chambers to be opened and deflated successively, so that piston deviation caused by pressure production is prevented; meanwhile, the control algorithm is utilized to realize automatic online correction of delay time, improve the adaptability of a gas circuit system and realize the fault diagnosis of valve core clamping stagnation, valve core gas leakage, exhaust port blockage, cylinder gas leakage and the like of the electromagnetic valve; and then according to the state of the pressure relief opening of the electromagnetic valve, the state of the pressure relief opening is fed back by delay time, the fault is pre-judged in advance, the maintenance is reminded, and the influence of the fault on the vehicle operation is reduced.

The piston cylinder controller 51 of the shift piston cylinder system of the present invention is capable of executing instructions stored in a memory to implement the shift piston cylinder failure detection method of the present invention, which is specifically described in the shift piston cylinder failure detection method embodiments below.

The embodiment of the gear shifting piston cylinder fault detection method comprises the following steps:

the method for diagnosing the fault of the gear shifting piston cylinder, namely the method for detecting the air leakage fault of the gear shifting cylinder in the step 3) of the gear shifting system gear-off control method, is described in detail below.

The transmission gear shift allows a displacement of the piston rod 45 from neutral to the gear dead centre of each gear, which is larger than the displacement of the corresponding detent 451 on the piston rod 45 in fig. 1 (which determines the gear positioning) by Δ S. The gear dead point is the maximum displacement point which is allowed by the stop structure of the gear corresponding to the gear of the gear shifting mechanism to reach; the stopping structure is as follows: a stopper structure for stopping or limiting the extreme displacement of a moving member in a shift mechanism in order to prevent the moving member (e.g., a fork, a coupling tooth) from moving excessively to cause damage to the relevant member. For example, in the gear shifting mechanism, the allowable moving distance of the piston rod 45 from the neutral position to the 1 st gear position is determined by the stop structure of the 1 st gear position in the gear shifting mechanism, and due to the presence of the cylinder positioning device 46 during the actual gear engaging process, the gear shifting positioning steel ball 461 forces the piston rod 45 to stay at the position corresponding to the positioning slot 451 of the gear position and the gear shifting positioning steel ball 461 (the position is the gear positioning of the corresponding gear position), obviously, a certain amount of disengagement or allowance still exists between the position (gear positioning) of the piston rod 45 and the position (gear dead point) when the stop structure of the corresponding gear position blocks, so as to ensure that the gear shifting positioning steel ball 461 in the positioning device 46 is smoothly and stably engaged into the corresponding positioning slot 451, and the amount of disengagement or allowance is Δ S. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 8, when the shift mechanism is shifted from the neutral position to the 1 st gear position, the maximum movement distance of the movable member of the shift mechanism is allowed to be a, and the distance from the center neutral positioning groove 451-2 corresponding to the neutral position to the right first-gear positioning groove 451-3 corresponding to the 1 st gear position (the distance from the gear positioning of the neutral position to the gear positioning of the 1 st gear position) is b, then a-b is Δ S.

Specifically, fig. 8 shows a state where the shift positioning steel ball 461 is engaged into the second gear positioning groove 451-1 corresponding to the second gear on the piston rod after the second gear is engaged and the air is removed. Fig. 9 shows the state of the positioning device 46 when the first solenoid valve 22 in the 2-gear position is opened, the first chamber 43 is vented to build air pressure, and the resistance generated by a certain positioning device 46 is overcome, so as to push the piston and the piston rod to generate a rightward movement trend, in which the piston rod drives the relevant moving parts in the gear shifting mechanism, and is stopped by the stopping structure of the 2-gear position after continuing to displace by Δ S; it can be seen that at this time, the piston rod 45 moves more rightward (in the 2-gear direction) by Δ S displacement during the disengagement, and the shift positioning steel ball 461 is in a state of being released from air and pressure compared with the 2-gear state in fig. 8. Because the gear shifting positioning steel ball 461 can only move in the vertical direction, the piston rod 45 moves rightwards and then the two-gear positioning groove 451-1 generates a certain offset rightwards relative to the gear shifting positioning steel ball 461, so that the gear shifting positioning steel ball 461 is pressed on the 45-degree inclined plane of the left side wall of the two-gear positioning groove 451-1 under the action force F of the spring 462 in the vertical downward direction, a component force with the horizontal rightward size of F.tan 45 degrees is generated on the piston rod 45, the component force can realize the locking of gears, in addition, the pushing force to the piston generated when the gear shifting cylinder establishes air pressure is obviously larger than the component force (otherwise, the positioning steel ball can not be separated from the positioning groove and can not be shifted), meanwhile, after the air cylinder is depressurized, the piston rod can move reversely by a distance of Δ S, so that the gear shifting positioning steel ball 461 completely enters the positioning groove 451 of the corresponding gear (the state of fig. 8 is restored), and the gear is locked to complete the gear shifting process.

Fig. 8 shows a state in which the cylinder is depressurized after the gear 2 is engaged, and the indication of the displacement sensor 33 is S2, i.e., a 2-gear shift value; fig. 9 shows a state in which the cylinder is not depressurized after the 2-gear shift is engaged, i.e., the first electromagnetic valve 22 is not de-energized and closed, and the first chamber 43 still maintains the shift pressure, at which the indication of the displacement sensor 33 is S3, i.e., the piston rod displaces when the piston rod pushes the shift mechanism actuating member and is blocked by the gear stop structure; at this time, the first solenoid valve 22 is de-energized and closed, the first chamber 43 is disconnected from the air source 10 and is communicated with the atmosphere, the piston rod 45 is not pushed by the shifting force, the piston rod 45 is restored from the state of fig. 9 to the state of fig. 8 by the component force of F · tan45 °, the reading of the displacement sensor 33 is changed from S3 to S2, and the reading is changed by Δ S. By using this principle, after the first solenoid valve 22 is energized and opened (the first chamber 43 establishes the shift air pressure), the normally open third solenoid valve 21 is energized and closed (the air passage is disconnected), and the first chamber 43 and the air passage 24 are maintained airtight. If there is no leakage fault, the air pressure in the first chamber 43 will remain unchanged, the piston rod 45 is always subjected to the shifting force, and the displacement sensor value will also remain S3; if there is a blow-by fault, the air pressure in the first chamber 43 will gradually decrease to atmospheric pressure, the shifting force on the piston rod 45 will gradually decrease to below F · tan45 °, and the displacement sensor value will change from S3 to S2.

According to the characteristics and the principle, the invention also provides a fault detection method of the gear shifting cylinder in the parking state (a piston cylinder sealing performance detection method for detecting the air tightness of the piston cylinder and searching whether an air leakage fault exists), and the method is suitable for detecting and troubleshooting of fault conditions (the piston of the cylinder is difficult to return to the middle position) that the gear is difficult to be disengaged and the gear cannot be disengaged, and the method specifically comprises the following steps as shown in fig. 10:

1) after detecting the air leakage fault of the manually triggered shifting cylinder, the first electromagnetic valve 22 and the second electromagnetic valve 23 are opened, then whether the

electromagnetic valve

1 or 2 has a circuit fault is judged according to the voltage current in the loop where the first electromagnetic valve 22 and the second electromagnetic valve 23 are located, if yes, the circuit of the corresponding electromagnetic valve needs to be overhauled is reported, and if no circuit fault exists, the step 2 is carried out).

2) After the first electromagnetic valve 22 and the second electromagnetic valve 23 are opened, the piston rod 45 of the air cylinder should be driven to move towards the neutral position, whether the piston rod 45 reaches the neutral displacement is judged according to the displacement sensor 33 in the step 2), and if the piston rod reaches the neutral displacement, the air tightness of the whole air cylinder is considered to be good, and no fault exists.

If the neutral displacement is not reached, judging the offset direction of the piston rod according to the actual displacement, and if S0-S is greater than 0, wherein S0 is the neutral displacement and S is the actual displacement, indicating that the displacement of the piston rod 45 deviates to one side of the second electromagnetic valve 23 (the second chamber 44), indicating that the air pressure of the second chamber 44 is insufficient, the problem of air leakage possibly exists, and further detection is needed; if S0-S <0, the displacement of the piston rod 45 is deviated to one side of the first electromagnetic valve 22 (the first chamber 43), and the problem that the air pressure of the first chamber 43 is insufficient, air leakage possibly exists, and further detection is needed. The detection principle of the two chambers is the same, and the detection method is the same, and the following will describe in detail the further detection of the first chamber 43 as an example.

3) Secondly, detecting the air leakage of the first chamber 43, wherein the first electromagnetic valve 22 and the second electromagnetic valve 23 are both in an open state under the operation of the steps 1) and 2), the piston rod 45 is deviated to one side of the first chamber 43, at the moment, the second electromagnetic valve 23 is closed after power failure, the second chamber 44 is communicated with the atmosphere for pressure relief, only the first electromagnetic valve 22 is powered on and opened, the first chamber 43 has gear shifting air pressure, whether the displacement of the piston rod 45 changes is judged, if the situation that the first electromagnetic valve 22 is powered on but the valve core is not normally opened is not shown, the jamming fault of the first electromagnetic valve 22 is reported, the valve core needs to be overhauled, and the detection is finished.

If the displacement changes and the 2-gear is engaged, the shifting force of the piston rod 45 is maintained due to the shifting air pressure, so that the piston rod 45 reaches the maximum displacement of the 2-gear at the moment, is stopped by being blocked by the blocking structure, and the piston rod displacement value S3 at the moment is recorded; then the normally open third solenoid valve 21 is turned on and off to cut off the air passage, the first chamber 43 and the air passage 24 become a closed airtight space, after a set time is kept, the piston rod displacement value S2 at this time is recorded, if | S3-S2| ≧ Δ S, it is indicated that the airtight space is not airtight and air leakage exists, the shift force cannot be maintained due to the reduction of air pressure, the piston rod 45 is displaced under the action of F · tan45 °, and the airtightness between the first solenoid valve 22, the first piston 421 and the cylinder 41 and the airtightness of the air passage 24 in the closed state of the second solenoid valve 23 need to be checked.

Otherwise the first chamber 43 is considered to be well sealed, possibly due to jamming inside the actuator or cylinder, which prevents it from returning to neutral, and a relevant check is made.

The detection of the second chamber 44 is the same as that of the first chamber 43 and will not be described in detail here.

Above shift cylinder gas leakage fault detection in-process because need try to put into gear the operation, consequently need the back of parkking for driving safety, manual trigger instrument combination button gets into the fault detection procedure, and final testing result can show on the panel board.

And ending the process of the method for detecting the sealing performance of the gear shifting cylinder.

Shift piston cylinder embodiment 2:

another embodiment of the shift piston cylinder of the present invention, the piston cylinder for driving shifting in this embodiment is different from the above embodiment only in that, as shown in fig. 6, the piston 42 is a single structure, the left end surface of the piston 42 is a first force-bearing surface, the right end surface is a second force-bearing surface, the cross section of the right portion of the piston 42 is smaller than that of the left portion, that is, the piston 42 in this embodiment is equivalent to the first piston 421 and the second piston 422 in the above embodiment, and the right portion of the piston 42 is inserted into the third piston.

The piston cylinder in the embodiment can also drive the AMT gear shifting mechanism to realize gear shifting by adopting the gear shifting control method in the embodiment, and meanwhile, online calibration delay time t is carried out, and online fault diagnosis is carried out; shift cylinder blow-by fault detection in the above embodiments may also be performed.

Therefore, it should be noted that the "first piston and the second piston" in the present invention may be two pistons on the piston rod, or may be two parts of one piston on the piston rod.

Claims

1. A gear shifting piston cylinder system comprises a gear shifting mechanism, a piston cylinder for driving the gear shifting mechanism to act, a piston cylinder driving unit and a controller connected with the piston cylinder driving unit; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

1) introducing fluid with pressure into a certain chamber;

2. Shifting piston-cylinder system according to claim 1, characterized in that in step 3) the position of the piston system or piston rod changes as: the piston system or the piston rod reaches the displacement corresponding to the gear positioning from the displacement corresponding to the gear dead center of the corresponding gear.

3. The shift piston cylinder system according to claim 1, wherein a gear dead center of the corresponding gear is determined by a stop structure of the shift mechanism at the corresponding gear, and a gear positioning of the corresponding gear is determined by the positioning device of the piston cylinder.

4. Shift piston-cylinder system according to claim 1,

the piston rod moves left and right along a set axis to have a set left position, a set middle position and a set right position which respectively correspond to a 1-gear position, a neutral position and a 2-gear position of the gear shifting mechanism; corresponding to the 1 gear and the 2 gear, the gear shifting mechanism comprises a stopping structure for determining a gear dead point of the gear; corresponding to the 1 gear, the 2 gear and the neutral gear, the positioning devices comprise a positioning structure for determining the positioning of the gears;

the third piston comprises a third force-bearing surface for being exerted by the medium in the second chamber with a pressure to the left; the third piston is provided with a limiting structure, the cylinder body is internally provided with a blocking structure, and the limiting structure is used for being matched with the blocking structure in the cylinder body so that the third piston is blocked and cannot move leftwards; the third piston moves left and right and is provided with a left limit and a right limit; the third piston is of a sleeve structure, the piston rod and the second piston are inserted into the trepanning rightwards, and the second piston is in sealing sliding fit with the trepanning; the third piston comprises a plug bush on the left side and a ring platform on the right side, the plug bush is inserted into the first cavity leftwards, a pushing structure is arranged on the plug bush and used for being matched with the first piston in a pushing mode leftwards, and the pushing structure is used for pushing the first piston to move leftwards or is used for being pushed rightwards by the first piston to drive the third piston to move to a right limit position; the peripheral surface of the ring platform is in sliding sealing fit with the second cavity; when the limiting structure is matched with the blocking structure, the third piston is positioned at a left limit and corresponds to the middle position or the left position of the piston rod; when the piston rod is at the right position, the third piston is at the right limit position;

5. The shift piston cylinder system according to claim 4, wherein the positioning device comprises a positioning spring, a positioning steel ball and positioning grooves arranged on the piston rod and corresponding to the gears one by one, wherein the positioning grooves are flared openings; the positioning steel ball drives the piston rod to axially move under the action of the elastic force of the positioning spring so that the positioning steel ball stays at the central position of the positioning groove flared opening; the distance from the center position of the positioning groove corresponding to the neutral gear to the center position of the positioning groove corresponding to the 1 gear or the 2 gear on the piston rod is smaller than the displacement distance from the neutral gear to the dead point of the gear corresponding to the 1 gear or the 2 gear.

6. The shift piston cylinder system according to claim 4, wherein the right side of the land of the third piston has an annular end surface for being pressurized to the left by the medium in the second chamber forming the third force-bearing surface; the sectional area of the first cavity is smaller than that of the second cavity, and a first step is formed between the first cavity and the second cavity; the outer diameter of the plug bush is smaller than that of the ring platform, a second step is formed between the plug bush and the ring platform, and the left end face of the second step is used for being matched with the right end face of the first step in a blocking mode; the second step forms a limit structure for the third piston and the first step forms a stop structure in the cylinder.

7. The shift piston cylinder system of claim 4, wherein the valves include a first controlled valve, a second controlled valve, and a third controlled valve, the first and second controlled valves each being a two-position, three-way valve, the third controlled valve being a two-position, two-way valve; when the first controlled valve and the second controlled valve are in the first valve position, the first controlled valve is connected with the pressure relief opening and the first chamber, and the second controlled valve is connected with the pressure relief opening and the second chamber; when the first controlled valve and the second controlled valve are in the second valve position, the first controlled valve is connected with the third controlled valve outlet and the first chamber, and the second controlled valve is connected with the third controlled valve outlet and the second chamber; sealing the pressure source outlet and the third controlled valve outlet when the third controlled valve is in the first valve position; the third controlled valve communicates the pressure source outlet with the third controlled valve outlet when in the second valve position.

8. The shift piston cylinder system according to claim 4, characterized in that before step 1), the following preliminary tests are also performed:

9. The shifting piston cylinder system according to claim 7, wherein in step 2), if the position sensor does not detect the displacement of the piston system or the piston rod to the gear dead center of the corresponding gear, a failure of the two-position three-way valve of the corresponding chamber is reported.

10. A gear shifting piston cylinder fault detection method, characterized in that the method for detecting the sealing performance in the gear shifting piston cylinder system according to any one of claims 1-9 is adopted.