CN114606889B - Pier collision avoidance system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a pier collision avoidance system. Includes a first impact portion and a second impact portion. The first anti-collision part is arranged outside the bridge pier around the bridge pier, and the second anti-collision part is arranged outside the first anti-collision part around the first anti-collision part; the first anti-collision part comprises a cofferdam device; the second anticollision portion includes suspension type box, and suspension type box is suspended on the surface of water, and suspension type box comprises a plurality of cabins, and the cabin intussuseption is filled with buffer material, and buffer material is used for absorbing the energy when the pier receives the striking. The combination of first anticollision portion and second anticollision portion makes pier collision avoidance system can block completely and clear up the impact of striking thing, and the surplus energy after striking thing and the collision of second anticollision portion is born by first anticollision portion for the most, and the pier hardly bears any impact, effectively plays the guard action to the pier. The suspension type box body can reduce the damage degree of the impacting object to the minimum, and plays a double protection role on the bridge pier and the impacting object.

Description

Pier collision avoidance system

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the field of anti-collision technology, in particular to a pier anti-collision system.

Background

In the prior art, the pier collision avoidance system is divided into an active collision avoidance system and a passive collision avoidance system.

The passive collision avoidance system is a protection system which enables the out-of-control ship to strike the periphery of the pier first under the condition that the active early warning is invalid and the out-of-control ship cannot avoid striking the pier, and the protection system is defined as the passive collision avoidance system. Comprising the following steps:

(1) The floating-surrounding type damping energy dissipation anti-collision system utilizes the deformation of the floating surrounding to absorb the impact energy of a ship by installing a steel grid around the pier, so that the force transmitted to the pier through the floating surrounding is limited in an allowable range.

(2) The cable interception type anti-collision system is characterized in that the end part of a cable is anchored to the water bottom, and a buffer device is arranged between the cable and the anchor and is used for absorbing the kinetic energy of a ship. The method has poor reliability and is generally suitable for being used in channels other than the main channel.

(3) Pile-protecting type anti-collision system, wherein anti-collision piles are arranged at possible collision positions of ships in front of bridge piers, so as to achieve the purpose of protection. After being bumped, pile foundations are difficult to clean, and potential threats are presented to the passing ships.

(4) The artificial island type anti-collision system is characterized in that an artificial island is built around the pier by sand, broken stone or concrete before the pier, so that the ship island is stranded and stopped. The method occupies a channel, has high manufacturing cost and has great influence on navigation and water flow.

(5) The pile group type anti-collision system is characterized in that a plurality of steel pipe piles are arranged on the periphery of a pier, all the steel pipe piles are connected through a plurality of layers of horizontal tie bars, the impact of a ship on a bridge is resisted through the steel pipe pile system, and the pier system is prevented from being damaged. The scheme has high manufacturing cost, occupies the net width of the channel, is difficult to replace after being crashed and damaged, and is difficult to repair.

At present, the passive anti-collision system which has the most use and the best anti-collision effect and has small influence on the channel and the water flow is a floating-surrounding type damping energy dissipation anti-collision system. But the anti-collision efficiency of the floating wall type anti-collision system is between 20% and 35%, and most of the collision force of the ship left after the anti-collision system dampens and dissipates energy is born by the bridge pier.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above technical problems or at least partially solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a pier collision avoidance system.

The disclosure provides a pier collision avoidance system, comprising a first collision avoidance part and a second collision avoidance part; the first anti-collision part is arranged outside the bridge pier around the bridge pier, and the second anti-collision part is arranged outside the first anti-collision part around the first anti-collision part; the first anti-collision part comprises a cofferdam device; the second anti-collision part comprises a suspension type box body which is suspended on the water surface;

the suspension type box body is composed of a plurality of cabins, the cabins are filled with buffer materials, and the buffer materials are used for absorbing energy when the bridge pier is impacted.

Optionally, the plurality of cabins are sequentially connected to form an annular structure to encircle the outer side of the first anti-collision part.

Alternatively, the compartments are individual watertight compartments.

Optionally, a ventilation unit is arranged in the cabin, and the ventilation unit keeps the air pressure in the cabin consistent with the external air pressure.

Optionally, an anti-corrosion layer is arranged on the outer side of the suspension type box body, and the anti-corrosion layer is arranged on the outer surface of the suspension type box body.

Optionally, the cofferdam device comprises a plurality of pile bodies, and the pile bodies are mutually meshed to form an annular structure and encircle the outer side of the pier.

Optionally, a buffer material is arranged between the cofferdam device and the bridge pier, and the buffer material is used for buffering the impact received by the bridge pier.

Optionally, the second anti-collision part is far away from the first anti-collision part side and/or the second anti-collision part is close to the first anti-collision part side is provided with a plurality of buffer elements, the buffer elements are arranged at intervals, and the plurality of buffer elements are arranged on the second anti-collision part on the first anti-collision part side and/or the second anti-collision part is close to the first anti-collision part side.

Optionally, the top of the second anti-collision part is further provided with an inlet, the inlet is used for maintaining the inside of the second anti-collision part, and the inlet is provided with a cover plate.

Optionally, a fender is further disposed on one side of the second anti-collision portion away from the first anti-collision portion, and the fender is disposed around the second anti-collision portion and is used for buffering the impact received by the second anti-collision portion.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure has the following advantages:

the pier collision avoidance system that this disclosure provided is through setting up first anticollision portion and second anticollision portion to encircle first anticollision portion in the pier outside setting, encircle second anticollision portion in first anticollision portion outside setting, make the pier have two anticollision layers, effectively play the guard action to the pier. The first anti-collision part comprises a cofferdam device, so that temporary facilities are fully utilized when the bridge pier is built, manpower and material resources required by cofferdam dismantling are saved, and the protection effect of the bridge pier is enhanced; the second anti-collision part is arranged into a suspension type box body structure, so that the suspension type box body always keeps the protection state of the bridge pier along with the water level rising and falling, the suspension type box body is filled with the buffer material, the damage degree of the impact object can be reduced to the minimum through self deformation energy absorption and shifting of the movement direction of the impact object, the dual protection effect on the bridge pier and the impact object is achieved, the second anti-collision part is arranged around the first anti-collision part, the second anti-collision part is prevented from being displaced under the impact of water flow, and the protection effect on the bridge pier is lost.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a pier collision avoidance system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a side layout view of a pier collision avoidance system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

10, a first anti-collision part; 11. a cofferdam device; 111. a pile body; 20. a second collision preventing part; 21. a suspended box body; 211. a cabin; 212. a buffer material; 213. a ventilation unit; 22. a cover plate; 23. a fender; 24. an outboard ladder; 25. bollard with cable; 26. a detection unit; 27. railing; 30. bridge piers; 40. a buffer element.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure may be more clearly understood, a further description of aspects of the present disclosure will be provided below. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present disclosure and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may be practiced otherwise than as described herein; it will be apparent that the embodiments in the specification are only some, but not all, embodiments of the disclosure.

The positional or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. described in this embodiment are based on the positional or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing this embodiment and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present disclosure provides a pier collision avoidance system, which is used to prevent objects such as ships or floats on the water surface from directly striking the pier 30 of the bridge, and damage the pier 30, thereby affecting the safety of the bridge. The pier collision avoidance system includes a first collision avoidance portion 10 and a second collision avoidance portion 20. The second anti-collision part 20 is of an annular structure, the second anti-collision part 20 is arranged outside the pier 30 around the first anti-collision part 10, when an impact object is about to collide with the pier 30, the impact object collides with the second anti-collision part 20 first, and the second anti-collision part 20 absorbs energy when the impact object collides, so that the impact force of the impact object is reduced. The first anti-collision part 10 is also of an annular structure, the first anti-collision part 10 surrounds the bridge pier 30 and is arranged on the outer side of the bridge pier 30, when an impact object is not stopped under the buffer of the second anti-collision part 20 and continuously collides with the first anti-collision part 10 at the moment when the impact object collides with the bridge pier 30, the first anti-collision part 10 continuously buffers the residual impact force of the impact object, so that the impact force of the impact object is gradually reduced until the bridge pier 30 stops, the bridge pier 30 hardly bears any impact force, and the safety of the bridge pier 30 is ensured. The impacting object can be a ship, a water surface floater and other objects.

The first anti-collision part 10 and the second anti-collision part 20 are arranged to be of annular structures, so that the periphery of the bridge pier 30 can be effectively protected, and the safety of the bridge pier 30 can be ensured no matter which direction the impacting object collides with the bridge pier 30.

The first collision preventing part 10 includes a cofferdam device 11, which is a temporary enclosure structure constructed for constructing a permanent hydraulic facility in hydraulic engineering construction. The water and soil are prevented from entering the building construction position, so that water is drained in the cofferdam, a foundation pit is excavated, and the building is constructed. The cofferdam is generally removed after use, the cofferdam being higher than the highest water level that may occur. The cofferdam device 11 of the present embodiment is a temporary enclosure structure when the bridge pier 30 is constructed, and is reserved after the bridge pier 30 is constructed, and becomes a part of a bridge section collision avoidance system.

The second anti-collision part 20 comprises a suspension type box body 21, the suspension type box body 21 is of an annular structure, surrounds the outer side of the first anti-collision part 10, is suspended on the water surface, and always maintains a certain draft, so that when collision occurs with an impact object, the impact object is ensured to be contacted with the suspension type box body 21 on water and under water at first. In addition, during collision, the second anti-collision part 20 can absorb energy through self deformation and shift the movement direction of the impacting object, so that the damage degree of the impacting object is reduced to the minimum, and the dual protection effect on the bridge pier 30 and the impacting object is achieved.

The suspension type case 21 is specifically made of a metal structure to improve the overall structural strength of the suspension type case 21. The suspended structure is adopted, so that the box body can rise along with the rising of the water level and fall along with the falling of the water level. Thereby ensuring that the floating box 21 is always at a protective position for the bridge pier 30 no matter what water level is, and ensuring the effectiveness of the second anti-collision part 20. In addition, the suspended box 21 is provided in a ring-shaped structure around the outside of the first collision preventing portion 10, so that the first collision preventing portion 10 plays a role in blocking and positioning the suspended box 21. The suspension type box body 21 is always sleeved outside the first anti-collision part 10 to keep in-situ floating up and down no matter the water level and the water flow.

The pier collision avoidance system that this disclosure provided is through setting up first anticollision portion 10 and second anticollision portion 20 to encircle first anticollision portion 10 in pier 30 outside setting, encircle second anticollision portion 20 in first anticollision portion 10 outside setting, make pier 30 have two anticollision layers, effectively play the guard action to pier 30. The first anti-collision part 10 comprises the cofferdam device 11, so that temporary facilities are fully utilized when the bridge pier 30 is built, the manpower and material resources required by cofferdam dismantling are saved, and the protection effect of the bridge pier 30 is enhanced; the second anti-collision part 20 is arranged to be of a suspended box body 21 structure, so that the suspended box body 21 is lifted along with the water level, the protection state of the bridge pier 30 is always kept, the second anti-collision part 20 can absorb energy through deformation of the second anti-collision part, shift the movement direction of an impact object, the damage degree of the impact object is reduced to the minimum, the double protection effect on the bridge pier 30 and the impact object is achieved, the second anti-collision part 20 is arranged around the first anti-collision part 10, the second anti-collision part 20 is prevented from being displaced under the impact of water flow, and the protection effect on the bridge pier 30 is lost.

Preferably, the second bump guard 20 is of modular design, facilitating transportation and installation. When the second collision preventing part 20 is damaged due to collision, the damaged part can be quickly removed for replacement.

Specifically, the suspension type tank body 21 is composed of a plurality of cabins 211, and the cabins 211 are independent watertight cabins 211, so that even if the cabins 211 are broken and water is fed in during the collision process, water flow cannot enter other cabins 211 without damage, and the suspension type tank body 21 can be kept in a suspension state and cannot sink into the water due to water feeding. The plurality of cabins 211 are sequentially connected in a ring-shaped structure to surround the outside of the first impact preventing part 10.

Further, the chamber 211 is filled with a buffer material 212, the buffer material 212 is specifically a hollow elastic polymer closed-cell material, and the buffer material 212 filled in the chamber 211 can not only be used for absorbing energy when the chamber 211 is impacted, but also provide buoyancy when part of the chamber 211 is broken and water enters, so that the suspended box 21 is prevented from sinking into the water due to the water entering the chamber 211.

In addition, the ventilation unit 213 is further disposed in the chamber 211, and the ventilation unit 213 is connected to the inside and outside of the chamber 211, so that the air pressure in the chamber 211 is consistent with the external air pressure, the structural deformation of the chamber 211 due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the chamber 211 is prevented, and the service life of the second collision prevention part 20 is prolonged.

Further, an anti-corrosion layer is arranged on the outer side of the suspension type box body 21, and the anti-corrosion layer is arranged on the outer surface of the suspension type box body 21.

Preferably, the anti-corrosion layer may be a polymer fiber reinforced anti-corrosion material, so as to improve the corrosion resistance of the suspended box body 21, and prevent the suspended box body 21 from reducing the overall structural strength thereof due to corrosion, thereby affecting the effective protection of the bridge pier 30. The inner surface of the suspended box 21, i.e., the inner surface of the chamber 211, is sprayed with an anti-corrosive paint to prevent corrosion of the inner surface of the chamber 211 in a humid environment, affecting the overall structural strength of the suspended box 21.

The cofferdam device 11 comprises a plurality of pile bodies 111, the pile bodies 111 are of cylindrical structures, the pile bodies 111 are vertically arranged around the bridge pier 30, the pile bodies 111 are mutually meshed to form an annular structure, and the pile bodies encircle the outer side of the bridge pier 30.

In this embodiment, the pile body 111 is a concrete structure, and the concrete structure has a strong structural strength, so that the bridge pier 30 can be effectively protected. The pile body 111 is a temporary setting constructed when the bridge pier 30 is constructed, and the present embodiment makes full use of the temporary facilities for foundation construction when the bridge pier 30 is constructed, so that the cofferdam device 11 is changed from the temporary facilities to permanent facilities, so that resources are fully utilized, and material resources and financial resources spent by dismantling the temporary facilities are avoided.

Further, a buffer material 212 is provided between the cofferdam device 11 and the bridge pier 30, and the buffer material 212 may be specifically made of crushed stone, sand, or the like. After the bridge pier 30 is built, gaps between the cofferdam device 11 and the bridge pier 30 are filled and compacted by using materials such as broken stone, sand and the like, and the impact of the impacting object on the bridge pier 30 is further buffered.

The side of the second anti-collision part 20 away from the first anti-collision part 10 and/or the side of the second anti-collision part 20 close to the first anti-collision part 10 are provided with a plurality of buffer elements 40, and the plurality of buffer elements 40 are arranged at intervals outside the second anti-collision part 20 and/or between the second anti-collision part 20 and the first anti-collision part 10. The buffering element 40 serves to buffer the impact force of the striker, isolate the striker from the second collision preventing portion 20, and isolate the first collision preventing portion 10 from the second collision preventing portion 20.

The cushioning element 40 is specifically a polymer damping element, and the cushioning element 40 is uniformly disposed around the second collision preventing portion 20 outside the second collision preventing portion, and specifically disposed at a portion of the second collision preventing portion 20 that may first contact with the striker. The buffer element 40 arranged on one side of the second anti-collision part 20 close to the first anti-collision part 10 is specifically arranged at the position where the second anti-collision part 20 is likely to be in contact with the first anti-collision part 10, so that the buffer element 40 can play a role in buffering when the second anti-collision part 20 is in contact with the first anti-collision part 10, and the first anti-collision part 10 and the second anti-collision part 20 are prevented from being damaged due to collision, so that the overall protection effect of the pier anti-collision system is affected.

Further, an inlet is further formed in the top of the second anti-collision portion 20, and the inlet is specifically formed in the top of the suspended box 21, and is used for maintenance staff to maintain the inside of the second anti-collision portion 20. The cover plate 22 is arranged on the inlet, and when overhauling, the cover plate 22 is opened, so that overhauling personnel can conveniently enter and exit; the cover plate 22 is closed at ordinary times to prevent rainwater from entering and corroding the inside of the chamber 211.

The side of the second collision preventing part 20 away from the first collision preventing part 10 is also provided with a fender 23, and the fender 23 is arranged around the second collision preventing part 20 and used for buffering the collision received by the second collision preventing part 20. The fender 23 is specifically a steel fender, and the fender 23 can withstand the impact of a small-sized impact object, such as a small-sized ship, on the outer side of the second collision preventing portion 20, and protect the second collision preventing portion 20 from being damaged by the impact of a frequent small-sized impact object.

In the above embodiment, the second impact part 20 is also provided with an outboard ladder 24, a bollard 25, a detection unit 26, a railing 27, etc. on top.

Wherein, the outboard ladder 24 is disposed on the side wall of the second impact portion 20 to facilitate maintenance personnel climbing onto the deck surface of the second impact portion 20 during maintenance.

A bollard 25 is mounted on top of the second impact portion 20 for mooring a vessel of maintenance personnel during service.

The detection unit 26 provides a detection inlet for detecting the water level of the ballast water measured by the maintainer at the top of the second anti-collision part 20, so that the maintainer can conveniently carry out the water level measurement work of the ballast water on the deck.

The railing 27 is installed around the top edge of the second anti-collision part 20, so that safety of maintenance personnel is protected, and safety accidents caused by accidental falling into water of the maintenance personnel are avoided.

It should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the disclosure to enable one skilled in the art to understand or practice the disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown and described herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (8)

1. A pier collision avoidance system, comprising a first collision avoidance portion (10) and a second collision avoidance portion (20);

the first anti-collision part (10) is arranged outside the bridge pier (30) around the bridge pier (30), and the second anti-collision part (20) is arranged outside the first anti-collision part (10) around the first anti-collision part (10); the first anti-collision part (10) comprises a cofferdam device (11); the second anti-collision part (20) comprises a suspension box body (21), and the suspension box body (21) is suspended on the water surface;

the suspension type box body (21) is composed of a plurality of cabins (211), a buffer material (212) is filled in the cabins (211), and the buffer material (212) is used for absorbing energy when the bridge pier (30) is impacted;

a buffer material is arranged between the cofferdam device (11) and the bridge pier (30), and is used for buffering the impact received by the bridge pier (30);

the second anticollision portion (20) keep away from first anticollision portion (10) one side and/or second anticollision portion (20) are close to first anticollision portion (10) one side is equipped with buffer element (40), buffer element (40) set up a plurality of, and a plurality of buffer element (40) interval sets up second anticollision portion (20) are kept away from first anticollision portion (10) one side and/or second anticollision portion (20) are close to first anticollision portion (10) one side.

2. The pier collision avoidance system of claim 1 wherein a plurality of the cabins (211) are connected in sequence in an annular configuration around the outside of the first collision avoidance section (10).

3. The pier collision avoidance system of claim 1, wherein the compartments (211) are individual watertight compartments.

4. The pier collision avoidance system according to claim 1, wherein a ventilation unit (213) is provided in the chamber (211), the ventilation unit (213) maintaining the air pressure in the chamber (211) in line with the ambient air pressure.

5. The pier collision avoidance system according to claim 1, wherein an anti-corrosion layer is provided on the outside of the suspended box (21), and the anti-corrosion layer is located on the outer surface of the suspended box (21).

6. The pier collision avoidance system of claim 1 wherein the cofferdam means (11) comprises a plurality of piles (111), the piles (111) intermesh to form an annular structure around the pier (30).

7. The pier collision avoidance system of claim 1 wherein the top of the second collision avoidance section (20) is further provided with an inlet for maintenance of the interior of the second collision avoidance section (20), the inlet being provided with a cover plate (22).

8. The pier collision avoidance system according to claim 1, wherein the second collision avoidance portion (20) is further provided with a fender (23) on a side away from the first collision avoidance portion (10), the fender (23) being disposed around the second collision avoidance portion (20) for buffering the collision received by the second collision avoidance portion (20).