CN114606806A - Self-locking fixing device for single-layer iron backing plate fastener - Google Patents
Self-locking fixing device for single-layer iron backing plate fastener Download PDFInfo
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- CN114606806A CN114606806A CN202210356845.9A CN202210356845A CN114606806A CN 114606806 A CN114606806 A CN 114606806A CN 202210356845 A CN202210356845 A CN 202210356845A CN 114606806 A CN114606806 A CN 114606806A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
- E01B9/36—Metal sole-plates for rails which rails are directly fastened to sleepers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-locking fixing device for a single-layer iron backing plate fastener. The device provided by the invention comprises a bolt, a limiting sleeve and a bolt sleeve, wherein the bottom surface of the limiting sleeve is provided with a slope structure, and the top surface of the bolt sleeve is also provided with a slope structure which is correspondingly and closely engaged with each other. The device can form an effective self-locking effect, so that the transverse stability and the reliability of the iron base plate are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of railway accessories, in particular to a self-locking fixing device for a single-layer iron base plate fastener.
Background
The rail fastener is an essential part of modern rail traffic, and plays a role in fixing the rail and providing elasticity in a rail structure.
Except the elastic strip, the bolt and the sleeve, the common elastic fastener consists of a steel rail lower elastic layer, an iron base plate and an iron base plate lower elastic layer from top to bottom respectively. While the elasticity of the common fastener is actually provided only by the lower elastic layer of the steel rail, the rigidity of the lower elastic layer of the steel rail cannot be too low, and if the rigidity is too low, the stability of the steel rail is directly reduced.
The damping effect to ordinary elastic fastener is not enough, and people have designed individual layer iron backing plate damping fastener, are about to the iron backing plate bolt hole of ordinary elastic fastener and enlarge, add a spacing sleeve, and spacing sleeve provides perpendicular horizontal restraint for the iron backing plate and is unlikely to cause the pre-compaction to elastic layer under the iron backing plate, is equivalent to the elasticity of elastic layer under the recoverable iron backing plate. The height of the single-layer iron base plate vibration reduction fastener is consistent with that of a common elastic fastener, the universal interchangeability is good, the number of parts is small, the cost is low, however, the contact area of the limiting sleeve of the single-layer iron base plate vibration reduction fastener with the top surface of a lower sleeper or a track plate is small due to the fact that the contact surface of the limiting sleeve with the top surface of the lower sleeper or the top surface of the track plate is a horizontal plane, when the transverse force received by an iron base plate is slightly large or the states of a bolt and the limiting sleeve are not good, stable and reliable transverse force resistance is difficult to provide, and the single-layer iron base plate vibration reduction fastener is rarely applied practically.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a self-locking fixing device for a single-layer iron backing plate fastener.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a self-locking fixing device for a single-layer iron backing fastener, which includes a bolt, a limiting sleeve and a bolt sleeve, wherein a bottom surface of the limiting sleeve has a slope structure, and a top surface of the bolt sleeve also has a slope structure corresponding to mutual close engagement.
The self-locking fixing device for the single-layer iron base plate fastener has the advantages that:
(1) the device provided by the invention can form an effective self-locking effect, so that the transverse stability and reliability of the iron base plate are ensured;
(2) the device provided by the invention can avoid the deformation or premature failure of the limiting sleeve, thereby obviously prolonging the reliability and durability of the limiting sleeve;
(3) the heightening cushion layer provided by the invention has higher mechanical property, so that the service life of the device can be prolonged.
Drawings
FIGS. 1a) to 1c) are schematic views of three different structures of a limiting sleeve and a bolt sleeve according to the present invention, respectively;
FIGS. 2a) to 2c) are schematic views of three different structures of the height-adjusting pad layer corresponding to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional single-layer iron backing fastener;
reference numerals:
101-bolt, 102-spring spacer, 103-limit sleeve, 103-1-limit sleeve bottom surface I, 103-2-limit sleeve bottom surface II, 104-iron pad, 105-iron pad lower elastic layer, 106-sleeper (track plate) rail bearing surface, 107-bolt sleeve and 201-heightening cushion layer.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will make the advantages and features of the invention easier to understand by those skilled in the art, and thus will clearly and clearly define the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
In the practical application process, the single-layer iron base plate vibration attenuation fastener mainly comprises a steel rail lower elastic layer, an iron base plate lower elastic layer and a limiting sleeve. Wherein spacing sleeve provides vertical restraint for the iron tie plate, and can not cause the precompression to iron tie plate lower elastic layer. However, the contact surface of the limiting sleeve and the top surface of the lower sleeper or the track slab is a horizontal plane, and the contact area is small, so that when the iron base plate is subjected to large transverse force, the limiting sleeve can be transversely displaced, and the vibration reduction effect is reduced.
How to avoid or reduce the transverse displacement of the iron backing plate and ensure the vibration reduction effect of the single-layer iron backing plate fastener is the key of the invention.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a self-locking fixing device for a single-layer iron backing fastener. The device in with spacing sleeve's bottom surface setting have the slope structure, corresponding bolt sleeve's top surface also has the slope structure of mutual close-fitting interlock, thereby make the iron tie plate when extrudeing spacing sleeve because of the transverse force effect, spacing sleeve can upwards shift and extrude the bolt along the slope, make the bolt increase to spacing sheathed tube confining force in turn, thereby the iron tie plate receives the transverse force big more, the setting up on slope can make the bolt also big more to spacing sleeve's confining force, form a self-locking effect, thereby can effectively restrain the transverse displacement of iron tie plate.
In the invention, the slope structure is an upward inclined structure on the bottom surface of the limiting sleeve along the direction of the iron base plate subjected to the transverse force, wherein the iron base plate can be generally subjected to unidirectional transverse force or bidirectional transverse force. When the iron base plate is subjected to unidirectional transverse force or bidirectional transverse force, the limiting sleeve is extruded, so that the single side or the two sides of the limiting sleeve are stressed.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1a) to 1c), the self-locking fixing device for a single-layer iron backing fastener provided by the invention mainly comprises a bolt 101, a limiting sleeve 103 and a bolt sleeve 107. The bottom surface of the limiting sleeve 103 has a slope structure, and the top surface of the corresponding bolt sleeve 107 also has a slope structure corresponding to the mutual close engagement, thereby forming a self-locking fixing device.
The bottom surface of the limiting sleeve 103 may be a slope structure, or may be a slope structure. The top surface of the bolt sleeve 107 corresponds to the bottom surface of the stop sleeve 103 so that a close fit is possible.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the tangent of the angle between the bottom surface of the stop sleeve and the horizontal plane is smaller than the friction coefficient between the stop sleeve and the bolt sleeve.
Wherein, through the aforesaid setting, ensure the transverse force conduction of iron tie plate and convert spacing sleeve to the axial extrusion of bolt, form effectual auto-lock effect, ensure the lateral stability and the reliability of iron tie plate.
Preferably, part of the bottom surface of the limiting sleeve is of a slope structure. For example, the bottom surface portion of the limiting sleeve is a slope structure, and the bottom surface portion of the limiting sleeve in the opposite direction may or may not be a slope structure, and is preferably a slope structure. Furthermore, the bottom surface of the limiting sleeve is parallel (or inclined Z-shaped) or S-shaped. Therefore, when the iron base plate is stressed by unidirectional transverse force, the bottom surface part of the limiting sleeve corresponding to the transverse force direction is of a slope structure.
For example, fig. 1a-1) is a perspective view of a spacing sleeve. As shown in figure 1a-1), the bottom surface of the limiting sleeve is similar to a parallel shape (or an inclined Z shape), namely, the bottom surface I103-1 in the force bearing direction is approximately parallel to the bottom surface II 103-2 in the relative non-force bearing direction, namely, the bottom surface I/L shape (or the inclined Z shape) is similar.
For example, fig. 1a-2) are another perspective view of a spacing sleeve. As shown in FIGS. 1a-2), the bottom surface of the spacing sleeve is "S-like", i.e., bottom surface I103-1 in the force-receiving direction is substantially (counter-) symmetrical to bottom surface II 103-2 in the opposite force-receiving direction, and bottom surfaces I103-1 and II 103-2 may be formed by one or more curved surface transitions (e.g., 2 or 4).
The bottom surface of the limiting sleeve is arranged to be parallel (or inclined Z-shaped) or S-shaped, so that when the iron backing plate is subjected to unidirectional transverse force, the limiting sleeve effectively extrudes the stud, and the limiting sleeve in the direction which is not relatively stressed does not extrude the stud.
Preferably, the included angle alpha 1 between the bottom surface I103-1 of the limiting sleeve and the horizontal plane is larger than the included angle alpha 2 between the bottom surface II 103-2 of the limiting sleeve and the horizontal plane.
Preferably, α 1/α 2 is 1.01 to 1.1, more preferably, α 1/α 2 is 1.03 to 1.07, for example, α 1/α 2 is 1.05, such an angle design can make the lateral force more borne by the side in the force bearing direction, thereby avoiding the bolt from bearing the shearing force.
In another preferred embodiment, the bottom surface of the spacing sleeve is tapered or splayed. For example, as shown in fig. 1b), when the force applied to the iron base plate is a bidirectional lateral force, the bottom surface of the limiting sleeve of the portion subjected to the lateral force is of an inclined structure, such as a corresponding conical shape or a "splayed" shape.
Wherein, set up the bottom surface of spacing sleeve into the tapered or "eight" style of calligraphy that corresponds for when the iron tie plate received two-way transverse force, spacing sleeve received transverse force respectively in both sides, thereby extrudeed the double-screw bolt simultaneously.
Preferably, the bottom surface that spacing sleeve corresponds respectively in both sides atress direction equals with the contained angle of horizontal plane, is that alpha 1 ═ alpha 2 to make the transmission of both sides transverse force can be even for spacing sleeve, thereby make the atress of double-screw bolt both sides equal, guarantee the security of double-screw bolt.
Preferably, the ramp structure has a smooth surface or is serrated (as shown in fig. 1 c). The saw tooth shape can be regular saw tooth shape or irregular saw tooth shape, preferably irregular saw tooth shape, so that the self-locking effect is more obvious.
According to the invention, the screwing torque of the bolt can be greatly reduced to 50-80 N.m from 150-300 N.m of a common elastic fastener or a single-layer iron base plate vibration reduction fastener by the aid of the slope structures corresponding to the limiting sleeve and the bolt sleeve. The bolt tightening torque is greatly reduced, so that when no transverse force acts on the iron base plate, the pre-tightening force of the bolt on the limiting sleeve is smaller, and only at a short moment when the transverse force acts on the iron base plate, the limiting sleeve can bear larger pre-tightening force, so that the deformation or premature failure of the limiting sleeve is avoided, and the reliability and durability of the limiting sleeve are obviously prolonged.
Wherein, because above-mentioned limit sleeve and bolt bushing's special construction, in order to guarantee limit sleeve and bolt bushing's security and stability, need increase limit sleeve and bolt bushing's thickness to can increase the area of contact between limit sleeve bottom and the bolt bushing top, limit sleeve increases the constraining force that receives because of area of contact increases when producing small lateral shifting trend.
Preferably, the thickness of the limiting sleeve is 10-30 mm, more preferably 15-25 mm, for example 20 mm.
Preferably, the bolt sleeve has a thickness of 10 to 30mm, more preferably 15 to 25mm, for example 20 mm.
Researches show that if the thickness of the limiting sleeve or the spiral casing is less than 10mm, the limiting sleeve or the spiral casing is subjected to larger stress and is easy to generate creep deformation and plastic deformation; if the thickness of the limiting sleeve or the spiral casing is larger than 30mm, the occupied space is large, and the cost is wasted.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2a) to 2c), when the single-layer iron backing fastener needs to be heightened, the device may further comprise a heightened backing. One part of the heightening cushion layer is positioned between the lower elastic layer of the iron base plate and the bearing surface of the sleeper (track plate), and the other part is positioned between the limiting sleeve and the bolt sleeve. Wherein the part of the heightening cushion layer between the limiting sleeve and the bolt sleeve is also arranged into a corresponding closely meshed slope structure.
In the invention, the heightening cushion layer can be a single layer or a plurality of layers, and the thickness of the heightening cushion layer is determined according to the actual situation. And simultaneously, the heightening cushion layer needs higher mechanical property. Preferably, the heightening pad and/or the bolt bushing may be made of reinforced polyurethane 66 composite material. For example, the height adjustment pad and bolt bushing are both made of reinforced polyurethane 66 composite.
The reinforced polyurethane 66 composite is preferably selected from whisker reinforced polyurethane 66, and more preferably from composite potassium titanate whisker reinforced polyurethane 66 (hereinafter referred to as "composite PU 66").
Specifically, raw materials for preparing the composite PU66 mainly comprise composite potassium titanate whisker, polyurethane 66 and polyhydroxy alcohol, wherein
The mass ratio of the composite potassium titanate whiskers to the polyurethane 66 is (10-30): 100, preferably (15-25): 100, more preferably (18-22): 100; and/or
The mass ratio of the polyhydric alcohol to the polyurethane 66 is (1-15): 100, preferably (3-11): 100, and more preferably (6-8): 100.
The research shows that the composite potassium titanate whisker can obviously improve the mechanical properties (such as tensile strength and impact strength) of the composite PU66, when the mass ratio of the composite potassium titanate whisker to the polyurethane 66 is less than 10:100, the mechanical property of the composite PU66 is improved along with the increase of the mass of the composite potassium titanate, when the mass ratio of the composite potassium titanate whisker to the polyurethane 66 is 30:100, the mechanical property of the composite PU66 is optimal, and when the mass of the composite potassium titanate whisker continues to increase, the mechanical property of the composite PU66 is in a descending trend instead.
Without being bound by theory, the trend of causing the mechanical property of the composite PU66 to rise first and then fall along with the increase of the quality of the composite potassium titanate whisker is probably the result of the combined action of factors such as stress concentration, interface effect and the like.
In the present invention, the polyhydroxy alcohol can further improve the bonding force between the composite potassium titanate and the polyurethane 66.
It has been found that the mechanical strength of the composite PU66 can be improved when the polyhydric alcohol is at least one selected from the group consisting of 1, 2-ethanediol, 1, 3-propanediol, 2, 3-butanediol, 1, 5-pentanediol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane and pentaerythritol, and preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of glycerol, trimethylolpropane and pentaerythritol.
Wherein, the raw materials of the composite potassium titanate whisker mainly comprise potassium titanate whisker, coupling agent and graphene oxide, wherein
The mass ratio of the coupling agent to the potassium titanate whiskers is (0.5-3): 100, preferably (1.2-2.4): 100, more preferably (1.8-2.2): 100; and/or
The mass ratio of the graphene oxide to the potassium titanate whiskers is (3-12): 100, preferably (5-10): 100, and more preferably (6-8): 100.
In the present invention, the potassium titanate whisker refers to potassium hexatitanate whisker, the molecular formula of which is K2O·6TiO2The material is a needle crystal with a tunnel structure, has a diameter of 0.2 to 0.5 μm and a length of 8 to 100 μm, and has excellent dispersibility in a resin, and thus is often used as a resin reinforcing material. But potassium titanate whiskers are fine, but agglomeration and bridging phenomena are easy to occur in resin, and the whiskers are extremely easy to break in the processes of surface treatment and forming processing, and the whiskers can be used for enhancing the resin to show excellent performance only by keeping a certain length-diameter ratio. It is therefore the key of the present invention to improve the dispersibility of potassium titanate whiskers in the resin and to increase the hardness of the whiskers so that they are less or not damaged during processing.
The coupling agent is selected from silane coupling agent (KH-550), stearic acid and titanate coupling agent (NDZ-201). The coupling agent is adopted to carry out surface treatment on the potassium titanate whisker, so that the mechanical property of the composite PU66 can be improved.
In the prior art, the silane coupling agent has the best reinforcing effect, and then the titanate coupling agent is used, and finally the stearic acid is used, so that the lithium titanate whisker is modified by the silane coupling agent most commonly.
However, a great deal of research shows that when the potassium titanate whisker is improved by stearic acid, the dispersibility of the potassium titanate whisker is further improved and the hardness of the potassium titanate whisker can be remarkably improved by adding a small amount of graphene oxide. The hardness of the potassium titanate whisker increases with the increase of the contents of stearic acid and graphene oxide, but when the mass ratio of stearic acid, graphene oxide and potassium titanate whisker is greater than 3:100 and 12:100 respectively, the hardness enhancement effect tends to be stable.
Wherein stearic acid ester (C)18H36O2) The surface active agent belongs to an anionic surfactant, one end of a molecule is long-chain alkyl, the structure of the molecule is similar to that of a polymer molecule, so that the molecule has certain compatibility with an organic high polymer, and the other end of the molecule is hydroxyl and can have physical and chemical actions with the surface of an inorganic substance.
Without being bound by theory, stearic acid contains carboxyl, and graphene oxide contains polyfunctional groups such as hydroxyl, epoxy, carboxyl and the like, and the functional groups of the two may modify the surface of the lithium titanate whisker, and simultaneously, stearic acid and graphene oxide may react or generate hydrogen bonds to form a network protective film on the surface of the lithium titanate whisker, so that the hardness of the lithium titanate whisker is increased, and the modified lithium titanate whisker is changed from hydrophilicity to lipophilicity, and the dispersibility in an organic solution is remarkably improved.
Preferably, the preparation process of the composite potassium titanate whisker comprises the following steps:
step 1-1, dissolving stearic acid in absolute ethyl alcohol;
step 1-2, adding potassium titanate whiskers into the solution obtained in the step 1-1, and performing ultrasonic dispersion;
step 1-3, adding graphene oxide into the solution obtained in the step 1-2, and performing ultrasonic dispersion;
and 1-4, carrying out post-treatment on the solution obtained in the step 1-3 to obtain the composite titanic acid crystal whisker.
Wherein the post-treatment comprises centrifuging, washing and drying.
Specifically, the solution in the step 3 is centrifugally washed for a plurality of times until the pH value is neutral, and then dried for 1 hour in a vacuum drying oven at 85 ℃.
Preferably, composite PU66 further includes at least one of a lubricant, a flame retardant, and an antioxidant.
Specifically, the mass ratio of the lubricant to the polyurethane 66 is (1-10): 100, preferably (3-8): 100, and more preferably (5-7): 100.
Specifically, the mass ratio of the flame retardant to the polyurethane 66 is (10-30): 100, preferably (15-25): 100, and more preferably (18-22): 100.
Specifically, the mass ratio of the antioxidant to the polyurethane 66 is (1-10): 100, preferably (3-8): 100, and more preferably (5-7): 100.
Among them, the lubricant is preferably at least one of glyceryl tristearate, pentaerythritol stearate (PETS), and N, N' -Ethylene Bis Stearamide (EBS).
Among them, the flame retardant is preferably aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, or layered double hydroxide. The fire retardant has three functions of fire retarding, smoke eliminating and filling, and has no secondary pollution.
Wherein the antioxidant is selected from at least one of phenolic antioxidant, phosphite antioxidant, and metal ion stabilizer, such as 1010 antioxidant, 1075 antioxidant, 1098 antioxidant, 168 antioxidant, OABH antioxidant, TNP antioxidant, N445 antioxidant, and TNP antioxidant.
Specifically, the preparation process of the composite PU66 comprises the following steps:
and 2-1, dissolving the polyhydroxy alcohol in absolute ethyl alcohol, then adding polyurethane 66, performing ultrasonic dispersion, centrifuging, washing and drying.
The step of mixing the polyhydroxy alcohol with the polyurethane 66 is equivalent to the modification of the polyurethane 66, so that the polyurethane 66 and the composite potassium titanate whisker are more favorable for combination.
2-2, plasticizing the system obtained in the step 2-1, a lubricant, a flame retardant and an antioxidant by a double-screw extruder, and conveying the plasticized system, the lubricant, the flame retardant and the antioxidant to a high-temperature melt infiltration tank through a neck mold, wherein the temperature in the high-temperature melt infiltration tank is 280-330 ℃, and the length of the high-temperature melt infiltration tank is 2-4 m;
and 2-3, drawing the composite potassium titanate whisker into the high-temperature melt infiltration tank in the step 2-2, and cooling and granulating through drawing and infiltration to obtain the composite PU 66.
In the invention, the tensile strength and the impact strength of the composite PU66 are obviously enhanced compared with the polyurethane 66, so that the service life of the device can be prolonged when the composite PU66 is applied to the device.
For further understanding of the present invention, the fastening device, composite PU66, provided by the present invention is described below with reference to the following examples, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples. It is to be noted that the starting materials required for the present invention are all commercially available.
Examples
Example 1
The self-locking fixing device for the single-layer iron backing plate fastener mainly comprises a bolt 101, a limiting sleeve 103, a bolt sleeve 107 and a heightening cushion layer 201.
The bottom surface of the limiting sleeve 103 is a smooth slope structure, and the top surface of the corresponding bolt sleeve 107 and the bottom surface and the top surface of the heightening cushion layer 201 between the limiting sleeve 103 and the bolt sleeve 107 are also corresponding slope structures, so that a self-locking fixing device is formed.
The bottom surface I103-1 and the bottom surface II 103-2 of the limiting sleeve 103 are in an inclined structure, and an included angle α 1 between the bottom surface I103-1 and the horizontal plane is greater than an included angle α 2 between the bottom surface II 103-2 and the horizontal plane, that is, α 1 is 12 °, and α 1/α 2 is 1.05.
The thickness of the limiting sleeve 103 is 20 mm; the thickness of the bolt sleeve 107 is 20 mm.
The height-adjusting cushion layer 201 is made of composite potassium titanate whisker reinforced polyurethane 66.
Example 2
The self-locking fixing device for the single-layer iron backing plate fastener mainly comprises a bolt 101, a limiting sleeve 103, a bolt sleeve 107 and a heightening cushion layer 201.
The bottom surface of the limiting sleeve 103 is a smooth slope structure, and the top surface of the corresponding bolt sleeve 107 and the bottom surface and the top surface of the heightening cushion layer 201 between the limiting sleeve 103 and the bolt sleeve 107 are also corresponding slope structures, so that a self-locking fixing device is formed.
The bottom surface of the limiting sleeve 103 is conical, and an included angle α 1 between the bottom surface corresponding to the force-bearing direction and the horizontal plane is equal to an included angle α 2 between the bottom surface on the opposite side and the horizontal plane, that is, α 1 ═ α 2 ═ 13 °.
The thickness of the limiting sleeve 103 is 20 mm; the thickness of the bolt sleeve 107 is 20 mm.
The height-adjusting cushion layer 201 is made of composite potassium titanate whisker reinforced polyurethane 66.
Example 3
(1) Preparing composite potassium titanate whisker:
step 1-1, dissolving 2g of stearic acid in 300g of absolute ethyl alcohol;
step 1-2, adding 100g of potassium titanate whisker into the solution obtained in the step 1-1, and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 8 minutes;
step 1-3, adding 7g of graphene oxide into the solution obtained in the step 1-2, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 1 hour;
and 1-4, centrifugally washing the solution obtained in the step 1-3 for multiple times until the pH value is neutral, and drying for 1h in a vacuum drying oven at 85 ℃ to obtain the composite titanic acid crystal whisker.
(2) Preparing composite PU 66:
and 2-1, dissolving 8g of glycerol in 260g of absolute ethyl alcohol, adding 100g of polyurethane 66, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 2 hours, performing centrifugal washing for 3 times, and drying for 3 hours in a vacuum drying oven at 85 ℃.
And 2-2, plasticizing the system obtained in the step 2-1, 6g of glyceryl tristearate, 20g of aluminum hydroxide and 6g of 1010 antioxidant by a double-screw extruder, and conveying the plasticized system, the aluminum hydroxide and the 6g of 1010 antioxidant to a high-temperature melt infiltration tank through a neck mold, wherein the temperature in the high-temperature melt infiltration tank is 320 ℃, and the length of the high-temperature melt infiltration tank is 4 m.
And 2-3, drawing 22g of composite potassium titanate whiskers into the high-temperature melt infiltration tank in the step 2-2, and cooling and granulating through drawing and infiltration to obtain the composite PU 66.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
A similar process to example 3, except that no graphene oxide was added.
Comparative example 2
A similar procedure to example 3, except that no glycerol was added.
Examples of the experiments
Experimental example 1
The iron base plates of examples 1 and 2 were subjected to a lateral force, and the stress conditions of examples 1 and 2 were analyzed.
When the iron shim of example 1 was subjected to a unidirectional transverse force of 30kN, the tightening torque of the bolt in example 1 was 50N · m, whereas the tightening torque of the bolt in the conventional single-layer iron shim vibration damping fastener (shown in fig. 3) was 200N · m.
When the iron shim of example 2 was subjected to a 50kN bi-directional lateral force, the tightening torque of the bolts in example 2 was 80N · m, whereas the tightening torque of the bolts in the conventional single-layer iron shim vibration damping fastener (shown in fig. 3) was 300N · m.
Therefore, the fixing device can greatly reduce the tightening torque of the bolt, so that the pre-tightening force of the bolt on the limiting sleeve is smaller, the safety of the limiting sleeve is ensured, and the service life of the limiting sleeve is prolonged.
Experimental example 2
Mechanical properties (tensile strength, impact strength) were measured for example 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Performance index | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 |
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | 155 | 90 | 125 |
| Unnotched impact Strength (kJ/m)2) | 40 | 21 | 30 |
As can be seen from table 1, the tensile strength and impact strength of the heightening cushion layer and the bolt bushing obtained by manufacturing the composite PU66 of example 3 into the heightening cushion layer and the bolt bushing are significantly improved.
Because the heightening cushion layer needs to be matched with and filled in the slope structure between the limiting sleeve and the bolt sleeve, the limiting sleeve and the bolt sleeve still can keep a tight interaction relation, namely, the part of the heightening cushion layer between the limiting sleeve and the bolt sleeve bears the same extrusion load as the bolt sleeve, so that the tensile strength and the impact strength of the heightening cushion layer and the bolt sleeve are improved, the heightening cushion layer can bear larger pre-tightening force of a bolt, and the safety and the stability of the device are ensured.
The invention has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and illustrative examples, but the description is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the technical solution of the present invention and its embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The self-locking fixing device for the single-layer iron base plate fastener is characterized by comprising a bolt, a limiting sleeve and a bolt sleeve, wherein the bottom surface of the limiting sleeve is provided with a slope structure, and the top surface of the bolt sleeve is also provided with a slope structure which corresponds to mutual close engagement.
2. The self-locking fastener for single-layer iron backing fastener according to claim 1,
the tangent value of the included angle between the bottom surface of the limiting sleeve and the horizontal plane is smaller than the friction coefficient between the limiting sleeve and the bolt sleeve.
3. The self-locking fastener for single-layer iron backing fastener according to claim 1,
part of the bottom surface of the limiting sleeve is of a slope structure.
4. The self-locking fastener for single-layer iron backing fastener according to claim 1,
the bottom surface of the limiting sleeve is conical or splayed.
5. The self-locking fastener for single-layer iron backing fastener according to claim 1, wherein the slope structure has a smooth surface or is serrated.
6. The self-locking fastener for single-layer iron backing fastener according to claim 1,
the thickness of the limiting sleeve is 10-30 mm, and more preferably 15-25 mm; and/or
The thickness of the bolt sleeve is 10-30 mm, and more preferably 15-25 mm.
7. The self-locking fastener for single-layer iron backing fastener according to claim 1, further comprising a height-adjusting cushion, wherein a portion of the height-adjusting cushion is located between the position-limiting sleeve and the bolt sleeve.
8. The self-locking fastener for single-layer iron backing fastener according to claim 7,
the part of the heightening cushion layer between the limiting sleeve and the bolt sleeve is set to be a corresponding closely meshed slope structure.
9. The self-locking fastener for single-layer iron backing fastener according to claim 7 or 8,
the heightening cushion layer and/or the bolt sleeve are made of reinforced polyurethane 66 composite material.
10. The self-locking fastener for single-layer iron backing fastener according to claim 9,
the reinforced polyurethane 66 composite is selected from whisker reinforced polyurethane 66.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210356845.9A CN114606806B (en) | 2022-04-06 | 2022-04-06 | Self-locking fixing device for single-layer iron backing plate fastener |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210356845.9A CN114606806B (en) | 2022-04-06 | 2022-04-06 | Self-locking fixing device for single-layer iron backing plate fastener |
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| CN114606806A true CN114606806A (en) | 2022-06-10 |
| CN114606806B CN114606806B (en) | 2023-09-22 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10146615A (en) * | 1996-11-18 | 1998-06-02 | Nkk Corp | Roller straightening method of wide flange shape and device therefor |
| CN107700285A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-02-16 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Rail fastener system and its insulating method |
| CN214404968U (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2021-10-15 | 呼和浩特中燃城市燃气发展有限公司 | Gas riser bearing structure |
| CN113606241A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-11-05 | 山西煤矿机械制造股份有限公司 | Combined interlocking nut |
| CN114033060A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-11 | 上海方寻减振科技有限公司 | Height-adaptive inclined energy dissipation structure and application |
-
2022
- 2022-04-06 CN CN202210356845.9A patent/CN114606806B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10146615A (en) * | 1996-11-18 | 1998-06-02 | Nkk Corp | Roller straightening method of wide flange shape and device therefor |
| CN107700285A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-02-16 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Rail fastener system and its insulating method |
| CN214404968U (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2021-10-15 | 呼和浩特中燃城市燃气发展有限公司 | Gas riser bearing structure |
| CN113606241A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-11-05 | 山西煤矿机械制造股份有限公司 | Combined interlocking nut |
| CN114033060A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-11 | 上海方寻减振科技有限公司 | Height-adaptive inclined energy dissipation structure and application |
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| CN114606806B (en) | 2023-09-22 |
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