CN114606774A - Method for performing antistatic and flame-retardant finishing on terylene based on graft polymerization - Google Patents

Method for performing antistatic and flame-retardant finishing on terylene based on graft polymerization Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114606774A
CN114606774A CN202210297690.6A CN202210297690A CN114606774A CN 114606774 A CN114606774 A CN 114606774A CN 202210297690 A CN202210297690 A CN 202210297690A CN 114606774 A CN114606774 A CN 114606774A
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polyester
flame
terylene
antistatic
finishing
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黄兵
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Jiangsu Datong Baofu Textile Technology Co ltd
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Jiangsu Datong Baofu Textile Technology Co ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M16/00—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic
    • D06M16/003—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic with enzymes or microorganisms
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/224—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic acid
    • D06M13/2246—Esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M14/00—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials
    • D06M14/18—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials using wave energy or particle radiation
    • D06M14/26—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials using wave energy or particle radiation on to materials of synthetic origin
    • D06M14/30—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials using wave energy or particle radiation on to materials of synthetic origin of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M14/32—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/32—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
    • D06M2200/30—Flame or heat resistance, fire retardancy properties

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for performing antistatic and flame-retardant finishing on terylene based on graft polymerization, belonging to the technical field of functional textile processing. Firstly, treating polyester fabric by virtue of ester bond hydrolase to hydrolyze ester bonds on the surface of polyester to generate hydroxyl groups; and then, reacting glycidyl methacrylate with hydroxyl on the surface of the terylene, introducing vinyl on the surface of the terylene fiber, finally soaking the terylene fabric in a mixed solution of vinylphosphonic acid and N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, and realizing graft polymerization of polyvinylphosphonic acid through ultraviolet light curing to form a polyvinylphosphoric acid layer on the surface of the terylene so as to realize antistatic and flame-retardant finishing of the terylene. The method comprises the following steps: (1) polyester ester bond hydrolase pretreatment; (2) modifying terylene vinyl; (3) antistatic and flame retardant finishing. Compared with the traditional high-temperature baking flame-retardant finishing, the method has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, low production energy consumption, lasting finishing effect and small fiber damage.

Description

Method for performing antistatic and flame-retardant finishing on terylene based on graft polymerization
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for performing antistatic and flame-retardant finishing on terylene based on graft polymerization, belonging to the technical field of functional textile processing.
Background
Terylene is a common synthetic fiber raw material and is widely applied to fabrics of sports and outdoor clothing. The polyester fabric has strong fiber strength, smooth hand feeling and excellent shape-keeping effect, so that the polyester fabric is widely used in the field of home textiles. The limit oxygen index of the polyester fiber is 20-22%, and the polyester fiber belongs to flammable fiber and cannot meet the use requirements of certain specific industries. Therefore, the polyester fabrics and the textiles thereof can be subjected to flame retardant finishing for the product added value of the polyester fabrics and the textiles thereof.
The commonly used flame-retardant finishing method for the terylene fiber products mainly comprises two major types, wherein one type realizes flame retardance through raw material selection, and the other type endows the fiber products with flame-retardant effect through an after-finishing method. Specifically, the first method is to weave a fabric by using flame-retardant polyester fibers as a raw material, i.e., flame-retardant materials are added in the spinning process to prepare the flame-retardant polyester fibers, but the flame-retardant effect of the flame-retardant fibers is limited due to the influence of the addition of the flame-retardant materials on the mechanical properties of the fibers, and the flame-retardant fibers are rarely applied to home textile raw materials actually. The second method adopts an after-finishing method, and can be divided into non-durable flame-retardant finishing and durable flame-retardant finishing according to the characteristics of the flame retardant, wherein the non-durable flame-retardant finishing and the durable flame-retardant finishing are carried out on the fabric by using solutions of ammonium polyphosphate, borax-boric acid, magnesium hydroxide and the like with certain concentration, so that the fabric is poor in hand feeling, and the finishing effect has no washability; the durable flame-retardant finishing process mostly uses phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardants as finishing agents, adopts the processes of padding baking or coating finishing and the like, and the finishing agents can react with the polyester fibers, so that the durable flame-retardant finishing process has better washability.
The durable flame-retardant finishing has the defects of high fiber strength damage, poor hand feeling and the like in high-temperature baking while endowing the fabric with a flame-retardant effect due to higher treatment temperature. Therefore, how to improve the flame retardance of the polyester fabric and reduce a plurality of defects such as fiber damage and the like by optimizing the flame-retardant finishing process is the key point of research.
According to the existing problems, polyester antistatic and flame-retardant finishing based on graft polymerization can be realized by catalyzing ester bond hydrolysis in the polyester fiber to generate hydroxyl through polyester enzymatic pretreatment under a low-temperature mild condition, further reacting with Glycidyl Methacrylate (GMA), introducing vinyl on the polyester fiber, and finally performing graft polymerization with a phosphorus-containing vinyl monomer under an ultraviolet irradiation condition. Compared with the traditional chemical finishing method, the reactivity of the polyester fiber is increased by means of a biological method, and the antistatic and flame-retardant finishing of the polyester fiber under mild conditions is realized by combining an ultraviolet irradiation method, so that the method has the characteristics of energy conservation, consumption reduction and small fiber damage.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a method for antistatic and flame-retardant finishing of polyester based on graft polymerization, which can improve the antistatic effect and flame retardance of polyester fabrics and solve the technical problems of high energy consumption and easy fabric damage in flame-retardant finishing of the traditional high-temperature baking method.
The technical scheme is as follows:
a method for carrying out antistatic and flame-retardant finishing on terylene based on graft polymerization is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, treating polyester fabric by virtue of ester bond hydrolase to hydrolyze ester bonds on the surface of polyester to generate hydroxyl groups; then, vinyl is introduced to the surface of the polyester fiber through the reaction of glycidyl methacrylate and hydroxyl on the surface of the polyester; and finally, soaking the polyester fabric in a mixed solution of vinylphosphonic acid and N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, and realizing graft polymerization of the polyvinylphosphonic acid through ultraviolet light curing to form a polyvinylphosphoric acid layer on the surface of the polyester, thereby realizing the antistatic and flame-retardant finishing method of the polyester.
The invention aims to provide a method for antistatic and flame-retardant finishing of terylene, which comprises the following specific process steps:
(1) polyester ester bond hydrolase pretreatment: carrying out polyester fabric pretreatment by using ester bond hydrolase;
the processing process prescription and conditions are as follows: 2.5-10U/mL of ester bond hydrolase, 45-60 ℃, 7-9 of pH and 2-4 hours of treatment time;
(2) modifying terylene vinyl: treating the polyester fabric treated in the step (1) with glycidyl methacrylate, washing with deionized water after treatment, and introducing vinyl on the polyester to obtain a modified polyester fabric;
the processing process prescription and conditions are as follows: 2.5-5 g/L of glycidyl methacrylate; the treatment temperature is 30-40 ℃, the pH range is 8-9, and the treatment time is 3-12 hours;
(3) antistatic and flame-retardant finishing: padding the sample treated in the step (2) with finishing liquid, performing ultraviolet irradiation to obtain antistatic and flame-retardant polyester fabric, washing with water, and drying at 60 ℃;
the processing process prescription and conditions are as follows: 20-50 g/L of vinylphosphoric acid, 1-2.5 g/L of N, N' -methylenebisacrylamide, 1-2 g/L of photoinitiator and 70-85% of rolling residue(ii) a Ultraviolet irradiation conditions: the energy of the light source is 25-40 mW/cm2And the irradiation time is 15-60 min.
A method for carrying out antistatic and flame-retardant finishing on polyester based on graft polymerization, wherein the polyester fabric comprises woven fabrics, knitted fabrics and non-woven products which are processed by taking polyester fibers as raw materials; the ester hydrolase comprises cutinase, lipase and polyester hydrolase; the photoinitiator comprises Irgacure 2959, Irgacure 184 and Darocur 1173 which can initiate vinyl monomer polymerization by irradiation under the condition of ultraviolet light.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide an antistatic and flame-retardant fabric finished by the method.
It is a third object of the present invention to provide a textile product comprising the above antistatic and flame retardant fabric. In one embodiment of the present invention, the textile includes any one of a carpet type fabric, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a thermal insulating wadding, a filling, a nonwoven fabric, a garment, a clothing accessory, a home textile, a decoration, or a special work garment.
A fourth object of the invention is to provide a use of the above method for the preparation of antistatic and flame retardant articles.
Has the advantages that:
according to the invention, ester bond hydrolase is firstly utilized to carry out polyester fabric pretreatment, ultraviolet light is used for catalyzing free radical graft polymerization, a phosphorus-containing flame retardant layer with a network structure is formed on the surface of polyester fiber, and the antistatic and flame retardant effects are improved.
(1) The reaction conditions are mild, and both polyester hydrolysis and graft polymerization are catalyzed under mild conditions by virtue of ester bond hydrolase and an ultraviolet initiator, so that the defects that the handfeel of the fabric is reduced or the cloth cover strength is reduced easily due to high-temperature baking finishing are overcome;
(2) the invention has low production energy consumption, and not only can improve the antistatic property and the flame retardance of the polyester fabric, but also realizes low-energy consumption finishing processing by introducing the vinyl after the hydroxyl is generated on the surface of the polyester and performing graft polymerization with the vinyl phosphonic acid under the photocuring condition;
(3) the finishing effect is durable, and the N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide and vinyl phosphonic acid copolymerization exist on the surface of the terylene, so that a net-shaped cross-linking structure can be formed on the surface of the terylene fiber, the flame retardant effect of the terylene is increased, the lasting finishing effect is realized, and the strong damage of the terylene is reduced.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail by the following specific examples, but it should be noted that the following examples are only used for describing the content of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Ester bond hydrolase is adopted for carrying out terylene treatment, vinyl is introduced by combining the reaction with methacrylic anhydride, and polyvinyl phosphate graft polymerization is realized by an ultraviolet curing method, so that antistatic and flame-retardant finishing of terylene fabric is realized. The limit oxygen index (LOI value) of the finished polyester fabric is determined by referring to the GB/T5454-1997 oxygen index method, and the larger the LOI value is, the better the flame retardant effect is, otherwise, the worse the flame retardant effect is; determining the breaking strength of the polyester woven fabric by referring to GB/T3923.1-1997, and determining the bursting strength of the polyester knitted fabric by referring to GB/T19976-; measuring the fabric drapability coefficient by referring to an image method; the induction voltage and half-life period of the polyester fabric are determined by referring to GB/T12703.1-2008, the smaller the induction voltage and half-life period value is, the better the antistatic property is, and otherwise, the poorer the antistatic property is. The specific embodiment is as follows:
example 1:
(1) polyester ester bond hydrolase pretreatment: carrying out polyester woven fabric pretreatment by using cutinase; wherein, cutinase is 2.5U/mL, and is treated for 2 hours under the conditions of 45 ℃ and pH 7;
(2) modifying terylene vinyl: treating the polyester woven fabric treated in the step (1) with glycidyl methacrylate, cleaning with deionized water after treatment, and introducing vinyl on polyester to obtain a modified polyester woven fabric; wherein, 2.5g/L of glycidyl methacrylate is treated for 3 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the pH value of 8;
(3) antistatic and flame-retardant finishing: padding the sample treated in the step (2) with finishing liquid, and obtaining the finished product after ultraviolet irradiationWashing the antistatic and flame-retardant polyester woven fabric, and drying at 60 ℃; in the finishing liquid, 20 g/L of vinylphosphonic acid, 1 g/L of N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 1 g/L of Irgacure 29591 g/L and the percent reduction of 70 percent; light source energy is 25 mW/cm under ultraviolet irradiation condition2And the irradiation time is 15 min.
Sample 1: polyester woven fabric without any treatment;
sample 2: adopting the traditional flame-retardant finishing process for processing, padding polyester woven fabric into finishing liquid consisting of 20 g/L polyvinyl phosphoric acid and 2.5g/L adhesive, and baking for 3 minutes at 175 ℃;
sample 3: after the treatment of the steps (1) and (3), the treatment of the step (2) is not carried out;
sample 4: processing by steps (1), (2) and (3);
after the treatment by the process, the flame retardant effect, the strength, the drapability and the antistatic effect of the test sample 1-4 are measured, wherein,
sample 1: the LOI value is 20.2%, the drapability coefficient is 51%, the induction voltage is 2143V, and the half-life period is 34 s;
sample 2: the LOI value is 28.1%, the fabric strength is reduced by 6.0% compared with that of the sample 1, the drapability coefficient is 59%, the induction voltage is 856V, and the half-life period is 7.0 s;
sample 3: the LOI value is 22.4%, the fabric strength is reduced by 3.1% compared with that of the sample 1, the drapability index is 53%, the induction voltage is 1778V, and the half-life period is 28 s;
sample 4: the LOI value is 30.1%, the fabric strength is reduced by 0.9% compared with the sample 1, the drapability index is 54%, the induction voltage is 895V, and the half-life period is 6.2 s.
Example 2:
(1) polyester ester bond hydrolase pretreatment: performing polyester knitted fabric pretreatment by using polyester hydrolase; wherein, the polyester hydrolase 10U/mL is treated for 4 hours under the conditions of 60 ℃ and pH 9;
(2) modifying terylene vinyl: treating the polyester knitted fabric treated in the step (1) with glycidyl methacrylate, washing with deionized water after treatment, and introducing vinyl on polyester to obtain a modified polyester knitted fabric; wherein, 5g/L of glycidyl methacrylate is treated for 12 hours at 40 ℃ and pH 9;
(3) antistatic and flame-retardant finishing: padding the sample treated in the step (2) with finishing liquid, performing ultraviolet irradiation to obtain antistatic and flame-retardant polyester knitted fabric, washing with water, and drying at 60 ℃; 50 g/L of vinylphosphonic acid, 2.5g/L of N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 78 g/L of Darocur 11732 and 85% of rolling residue in the finishing liquid; light source energy is 40 mW/cm under the ultraviolet irradiation condition2And the irradiation time is 60 min.
Sample 5: a polyester knitted fabric without any treatment;
sample 6: the polyester knitted fabric is processed by adopting a traditional flame-retardant finishing process, is padded with finishing liquid consisting of 50 g/L polyvinyl phosphoric acid and 5g/L adhesive, and is baked for 3 minutes at 175 ℃;
sample 7: after the treatment of the steps (1) and (3), the treatment of the step (2) is not carried out;
sample 8: processing by steps (1), (2) and (3);
after the treatment by the process, the flame retardant effect, the strength, the drapability and the antistatic effect of the test sample 5-8 are measured, wherein,
sample 5: LOI value is 21.8%, drapability coefficient is 51%, induction voltage 2025V, half-life period is 43 s;
sample 6: the LOI value is 31.0%, the fabric strength is reduced by 4.9% compared with that of the sample 5, the drapability coefficient is 63%, the induced voltage is 966V, and the half-life period is 6.1 s;
sample 7: the LOI value is 23.7%, the fabric strength is reduced by 2.9% compared with that of the sample 5, the drapability index is 54%, the induction voltage is 1554V, and the half-life period is 32 s;
sample 8: the LOI value is 31.2%, the fabric strength is reduced by 1.1% compared with the sample 5, the drapability index is 56%, the induced voltage is 1012V, and the half-life period is 6.7 s.
Therefore, compared with untreated samples 1 and 5, after the samples 2 and 6 are finished by adopting the traditional high-temperature baking method, the LOI values of the samples are higher, the antistatic effect is better, but the strength of the fabric is obviously reduced, and the drapability is poorer; the antistatic and flame retardant effects of the samples 3 and 7 are not ideal, because the surfaces of the polyester fibers lack vinyl sites, and the vinylphosphonic acid monomers are not subjected to graft polymerization with the polyester fibers in the ultraviolet curing process; the samples 4 and 8 finished by the method have good antistatic and flame retardant effects, and have insignificant strength reduction and good drapability. Therefore, the method has better finishing effect.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. A method for antistatic and flame-retardant finishing of terylene based on graft polymerization is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, treating polyester fabric by virtue of ester bond hydrolase to hydrolyze ester bonds on the surface of polyester to generate hydroxyl groups; then, vinyl is introduced to the surface of the polyester fiber through the reaction of glycidyl methacrylate and hydroxyl on the surface of the polyester fiber; and finally, soaking the polyester fabric in a mixed solution of vinyl phosphonic acid and N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, and performing ultraviolet curing to realize graft polymerization of polyvinyl phosphonic acid and form a polyvinyl phosphoric acid layer on the surface of the polyester so as to realize the antistatic and flame-retardant finishing method of the polyester.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
(1) polyester ester bond hydrolase pretreatment: carrying out polyester fabric pretreatment by using ester bond hydrolase;
the processing process prescription and conditions are as follows: 2.5-10U/mL of ester bond hydrolase, 45-60 ℃, 7-9 of pH and 2-4 hours of treatment time;
(2) polyester grafting modification: treating the polyester fabric treated in the step (1) with glycidyl methacrylate, and washing with deionized water after treatment to obtain a modified polyester fabric;
the processing process prescription and conditions are as follows: 2.5-5 g/L of glycidyl methacrylate; the treatment temperature is 30-40 ℃, the pH range is 8-9, and the treatment time is 3-12 hours;
(3) antistatic and flame-retardant finishing: padding the sample treated in the step (2) with finishing liquid, performing ultraviolet irradiation to obtain antistatic and flame-retardant polyester fabric, washing with water, and drying at 60 ℃;
the processing process prescription and conditions are as follows: 20-50 g/L of vinyl phosphoric acid, 1-2.5 g/L of N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 1-2 g/L of photoinitiator and 70-85% of rolling residue; ultraviolet irradiation conditions: the energy of the light source is 25-40 mW/cm2And the irradiation time is 15-60 min.
3. The method as claimed in claims 1-2, wherein said polyester fabric comprises woven, knitted and non-woven products processed from polyester fiber.
4. The method according to claims 1-2, wherein the ester hydrolyzing enzyme comprises cutinases, lipases and polyester hydrolyzing enzymes.
5. The method of claims 1-2, wherein the photoinitiator comprises Irgacure 2959, Irgacure 184 and Darocur 1173 capable of initiating polymerization of vinyl monomers upon irradiation with ultraviolet light.
CN202210297690.6A 2022-03-25 2022-03-25 Method for performing antistatic and flame-retardant finishing on terylene based on graft polymerization Pending CN114606774A (en)

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