CN114606645A - Composite melt-blown fabric and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Composite melt-blown fabric and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114606645A CN114606645A CN202011418391.0A CN202011418391A CN114606645A CN 114606645 A CN114606645 A CN 114606645A CN 202011418391 A CN202011418391 A CN 202011418391A CN 114606645 A CN114606645 A CN 114606645A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/56—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving in association with fibre formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion of staple fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/02—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements ultrasonic or sonic; Corona discharge
- D06M10/025—Corona discharge or low temperature plasma
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/32—Polyesters
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite meltblown fabric, which comprises a meltblown fabric layer, wherein meltblown materials in the meltblown fabric layer comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 60-80 parts of polylactic acid, 10-20 parts of 3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid copolymer and 1-5 parts of nano montmorillonite; and in the process that the melt-blown material enters melt-blown equipment for melt-blowing, mixing and pressurizing activated carbon particles and hot air to obtain a gas-solid mixture, taking the gas-solid mixture as a traction airflow to spray and stretch a melt formed by the melt-blown material to prepare the melt-blown superfine fiber compounded with the activated carbon particles, and forming a melt-blown cloth layer compounded with the activated carbon particles on a receiving device, wherein the content of the activated carbon particles in the melt-blown cloth layer is 5-20 wt%. The composite material has excellent mechanical property, machinability and biodegradability, is environment-friendly and pollution-free, has strong filtering efficiency of particles, plays a better protection role, has a stable electret effect, and prolongs the service life of the material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-woven materials, in particular to a composite melt-blown fabric and a preparation process thereof.
Background
Protective masks are used in large quantities in medical work and daily life, and generally comprise an outer waterproof layer, an intermediate filter layer and an inner water absorption layer, wherein the intermediate filter layer is generally prepared from melt-blown cloth. In the prior art, polypropylene is used as a main raw material of melt-blown cloth, is semi-crystalline thermoplastic, has high impact resistance and high mechanical property toughness, resists corrosion of various organic solvents and acid and alkali, and is the most important raw material in the production of protective masks. However, polypropylene fiber raw materials are generally derived from high polymer materials synthesized from resources such as petroleum, and the like, so that the production cost is high, the yield is low, and the materials cannot be degraded after the mask is used and discarded, thereby causing serious pollution to the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to find a biodegradable raw material that can replace polypropylene fiber to realize sustainable development.
Polylactic acid (PLA) is obtained by chemical synthesis of crops such as wheat, corn, rice and the like. PLA is easily decomposed into carbon dioxide and water by microorganisms in a natural environment, and is synthesized into the raw material starch of PLA through the photosynthesis of plants, so the PLA is a real environment-friendly renewable material. However, PLA materials have disadvantages of poor toughness, strength, processability, etc. in practical use, and have high moisture absorption properties, and when used as a filter material, charges on the surface of the material are rapidly dissipated, which causes rapid deterioration of the filter performance, thereby limiting the range of applications.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a composite melt-blown fabric which has excellent mechanical properties, processability and biodegradability, is environment-friendly and pollution-free, has strong particulate matter filtering efficiency, plays a better role in protection, has a stable electret effect and prolongs the service life of the material; in addition, the invention also provides a preparation process of the composite melt-blown fabric.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a composite meltblown fabric, which comprises a meltblown fabric layer, wherein meltblown materials in the meltblown fabric layer comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 60-80 parts of polylactic acid, 10-20 parts of 3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid copolymer and 1-5 parts of nano montmorillonite;
and in the process of melt-blowing the melt-blown material into melt-blown equipment, mixing and pressurizing activated carbon particles and hot air to obtain a gas-solid mixture, carrying out jet drawing on a melt formed by the melt-blown material by using the gas-solid mixture as a traction airflow to prepare the melt-blown superfine fiber compounded with the activated carbon particles, and forming a melt-blown cloth layer compounded with the activated carbon particles on a receiving device, wherein the content of the activated carbon particles in the melt-blown cloth layer is 5-20 wt%.
Wherein, one side of the melt-blown cloth layer is compounded with a PTFE film layer with a mesh penetrating structure, the thickness of the PTFE film layer is 50-100 μm, and the aperture of the PTFE film layer is 300-500 nm.
The PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) film layer has good water resistance, oil resistance, alcohol resistance and other protective effects, bacteria are not easy to survive on the PTFE film, the protective capability of the material can be further improved after the melt-blown cloth layer is compounded with the PTFE film layer, the medical protection requirement is met, the aperture of the PTFE film layer is small, the aperture ratio is high, the ventilation effect is good, the wearing for a long time is not easy to be sultry, and the wearing comfort is good.
Wherein, the PTFE film layer and the melt-blown cloth layer are hot-rolled and compounded to form the composite material.
Wherein the particle size of the nano montmorillonite is 10-20 nm.
The nano montmorillonite is uniformly dispersed in the organic polymer, and the dielectric property of the polylactic acid melt-blown material is improved, so that the material has a stable electret effect, the charge quantity stored in the electret process of the material and the charge storage aging are increased, and the service life of the material is prolonged.
Wherein the weight average molecular weight of the polylactic acid is 10-22 ten thousand, the weight average molecular weight of the 3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid copolymer is 15-20 ten thousand, and the molar content of 3-hydroxyvaleric acid in the 3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid copolymer is 20-38%.
Wherein the temperature of the gas-solid mixture obtained by mixing and pressurizing the activated carbon particles and hot air is 180-200 ℃, and the pressure is 0.2-0.3 MPa. The dispersion degree of the active carbon particles can be improved by controlling the temperature and the pressure of the gas-solid mixture.
In a second aspect of the present invention, a preparation process of the above composite meltblown fabric is provided, which comprises the following steps:
s1, drying the polylactic acid and the 3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid copolymer for 8-12 hours at the temperature of 80-90 ℃, and then banburying and uniformly mixing the nano montmorillonite, the dried polylactic acid and the 3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid copolymer in an internal mixer in proportion to obtain a mixed material;
s2, adding the mixed material into an extruder, performing melt extrusion, cooling and granulating to obtain a melt-blown material;
s3, adding the melt-blown material into a hot melting device for hot melting to obtain a melt, enabling the melt to reach a spinning assembly, spraying out the melt from a spinneret plate, mixing and pressurizing activated carbon particles and hot air to obtain a gas-solid mixture serving as a traction airflow for spray stretching to prepare spray-melted superfine fibers, and forming a melt-blown cloth layer compounded with the activated carbon particles on a receiving device;
and S4, performing electret treatment on the obtained melt-blown cloth layer by adopting electrostatic electret equipment to obtain a finished product.
Wherein, in the step S2, the extrusion temperature of the extruder is 160-180 ℃.
In step S4, the electret voltage of the electrostatic electret device is 10 to 20KV, the electret separation distance is 35 to 50mm, and the electret time is 1 to 4S.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, by adding the 3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate copolymer (PHBV), the PHBV has low melt viscosity, can play a lubricating role on polylactic acid, improves the processability of the polylactic acid, improves the brittleness of the polylactic acid, has a toughening role on the polylactic acid, improves the mechanical property of a melt-blown material, and can realize complete biodegradation after blending the polylactic acid and the 3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate copolymer; nanometer montmorillonite is homodisperse in organic polymer, promote polylactic acid melt-blown material's dielectric property, thereby make the material have stable electret effect, increase the charge amount and the charge storage ageing of material electret in-process storage, the extension material uses the validity period, in addition, through in melt-blown process, activated carbon particle and hot-air homogeneous mixing, the even injection is to the fuse-element surface, make the spray-melted superfine fiber that the surface embedding has activated carbon particle, make finally prepared melt-blown cloth layer strong to the filtration efficiency of particulate matter, play better guard action, and the addition of activated carbon particle can promote the electret effect of material, further the use validity period of extension material.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the following drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for making the composite meltblown fabric of examples 1-3;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the layered structure of the composite meltblown fabric of examples 1-3;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a process for making the composite meltblown fabric of examples 4-5;
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the meltblown fabric layer composited with a PTFE film layer of examples 4-5;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the layered structure of the composite meltblown fabric of examples 4-5;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a process for preparing a PTFE film layer of examples 4-5;
wherein, the specific reference numbers are: PTFE film layer 1, melt-blown cloth layer 2.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A method for preparing a composite meltblown fabric, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, drying the polylactic acid and the 3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid copolymer for 10 hours at the temperature of 90 ℃, then weighing 3 parts of nano montmorillonite (the particle size is 10-20nm), 69 parts of polylactic acid (the weight average molecular weight is 10-22 ten thousand) and 13 parts of 3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid copolymer (the weight average molecular weight is 15-20 ten thousand, and the molar content of 3-hydroxyvaleric acid is 20-38%) after drying, and sequentially adding the nano montmorillonite, the polylactic acid and the 3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid copolymer into an internal mixer to be subjected to internal mixing and uniform mixing to obtain a mixed material;
s2, adding the mixed material into an extruder, performing melt extrusion at 170 ℃, cooling and granulating to obtain a melt-blown material;
s3, adding the melt-blown material into a screw extruder for hot melting to obtain a melt, enabling the melt to reach a spinning assembly, spraying out the melt from a spinneret plate, mixing and pressurizing activated carbon particles and hot air to obtain a gas-solid mixture, enabling the gas-solid mixture to have the temperature of 180 ℃ and the pressure of 0.25MPa, using the gas-solid mixture as a traction airflow to spray and stretch the melt sprayed out from the spinneret plate to prepare melt-blown superfine fibers, and forming a melt-blown cloth layer 2 compounded with the activated carbon particles on a receiving device, wherein the content of the activated carbon particles in the melt-blown cloth layer 2 is 15 wt%;
and S4, performing electret treatment on the obtained melt-blown cloth layer 2 by using electrostatic electret equipment, wherein the electret voltage is 14KV, the electret separation distance is 35mm, and the electret time is 4S, so that a finished product is obtained, as shown in figure 2.
Example 2
A method for preparing a composite meltblown fabric, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, drying the polylactic acid and the 3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid copolymer for 12 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃, then weighing 1 part of nano montmorillonite (the particle size is 10-20nm), 60 parts of polylactic acid (the weight average molecular weight is 10-22 ten thousand) and 10 parts of 3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid copolymer (the weight average molecular weight is 15-20 ten thousand, and the molar content of 3-hydroxyvaleric acid is 20-38%) after drying, and sequentially adding the nano montmorillonite, the polylactic acid and the 3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid copolymer into an internal mixer to be subjected to internal mixing and uniform mixing to obtain a mixed material;
s2, adding the mixed material into an extruder, performing melt extrusion at 180 ℃, cooling and granulating to obtain a melt-blown material;
s3, adding the melt-blown material into a screw extruder for hot melting to obtain a melt, enabling the melt to reach a spinning assembly, spraying out the melt from a spinneret plate, mixing and pressurizing activated carbon particles and hot air to obtain a gas-solid mixture, enabling the gas-solid mixture to have a temperature of 200 ℃ and a pressure of 0.3MPa, using the gas-solid mixture as a traction airflow to spray and stretch the melt sprayed out from the spinneret plate to prepare melt-blown superfine fibers, and forming a melt-blown cloth layer 2 compounded with the activated carbon particles on a receiving device, wherein the content of the activated carbon particles in the melt-blown cloth layer 2 is 20 wt%;
and S4, performing electret treatment on the melt-blown cloth layer 2 by adopting electrostatic electret equipment, wherein the electret voltage is 20KV, the electret spacing is 50mm, and the electret time is 2S, so that a finished product is obtained, as shown in figure 2.
Example 3
A method for preparing a composite meltblown fabric, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, drying the polylactic acid and the 3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid copolymer for 12 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃, then weighing 5 parts of nano montmorillonite (the particle size is 10-20nm), 64 parts of polylactic acid (the weight average molecular weight is 10-22 ten thousand) and 20 parts of 3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid copolymer (the weight average molecular weight is 15-20 ten thousand, and the molar content of 3-hydroxyvaleric acid is 20-38%) after drying, and sequentially adding the above materials into an internal mixer to be internally mixed uniformly to obtain a mixed material;
s2, adding the mixed material into an extruder, performing melt extrusion at 160 ℃, cooling and granulating to obtain a melt-blown material;
s3, adding the melt-blown material into a screw extruder for hot melting to obtain a melt, enabling the melt to reach a spinning assembly, spraying the melt from a spinneret plate, mixing and pressurizing activated carbon particles and hot air to obtain a gas-solid mixture, enabling the gas-solid mixture to have the temperature of 180 ℃ and the pressure of 0.3MPa, using the gas-solid mixture as a traction airflow to spray and stretch the melt sprayed from the spinneret plate to prepare melt-blown superfine fibers, forming a melt-blown fabric layer 2 compounded with the activated carbon particles on a receiving device, and enabling the content of the activated carbon particles in the melt-blown fabric layer 2 to be 12 wt%;
and S4, performing electret treatment on the melt-blown cloth layer 2 by using electrostatic electret equipment, wherein the electret voltage is 10KV, the electret spacing is 42mm, and the electret time is 4S, so that a finished product is obtained, as shown in figure 2.
Example 4
A method of making a composite meltblown fabric, as shown in fig. 3, comprising the steps of:
s1, drying the polylactic acid and the 3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid copolymer for 12 hours at the temperature of 90 ℃, weighing 2 parts of nano montmorillonite (the particle size is 10-20nm), 74 parts of polylactic acid (the weight average molecular weight is 10-22 ten thousand) and 14 parts of 3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid copolymer (the weight average molecular weight is 15-20 ten thousand, and the molar content of 3-hydroxyvaleric acid is 20-38%) after drying, and sequentially adding the above materials into an internal mixer to be internally mixed uniformly to obtain a mixed material;
s2, adding the mixed material into an extruder, performing melt extrusion at 170 ℃, cooling and granulating to obtain a melt-blown material;
s3, adding the melt-blown material into a screw extruder for hot melting to obtain a melt, enabling the melt to reach a spinning assembly, spraying out the melt from a spinneret plate, mixing and pressurizing activated carbon particles and hot air to obtain a gas-solid mixture, enabling the gas-solid mixture to have the temperature of 180 ℃ and the pressure of 0.2MPa, using the gas-solid mixture as a traction airflow to spray and stretch the melt sprayed out from the spinneret plate to prepare melt-blown superfine fibers, forming a melt-blown cloth layer 2 compounded with the activated carbon particles on a receiving device, and enabling the content of the activated carbon particles in the melt-blown cloth layer 2 to be 5 wt%;
s4, hot rolling one side of the melt-blown fabric layer 2 by a roll hot rolling mill to form a PTFE film layer 1 (shown in figure 4) with a mesh penetrating structure, wherein the thickness of the PTFE film layer 1 is 50 μm, and the pore diameter of the PTFE film layer 1 is 500 nm;
and S5, performing electret treatment on the obtained composite layer by adopting electrostatic electret equipment, wherein the electret voltage is 20KV, the electret spacing is 35mm, and the electret time is 1S, so that a finished product is obtained, as shown in figure 5.
The preparation process of the PTFE film layer 1 in this example, as shown in fig. 6, includes the following steps:
(1) sieving PTFE suspension resin, mixing with Mofu oil according to a ratio of 1: 0.3 to obtain a mixture;
(2) carrying out compression molding on the mixture by a hydraulic press to obtain a molded product;
(3) heating and sintering the molded product at the sintering temperature of 340-360 ℃, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain a sintered product;
(4) and rolling the sintered product, drying and then stretching to obtain the PTFE film.
Example 5
A method of making a composite meltblown fabric, as shown in fig. 3, comprising the steps of:
s1, drying the polylactic acid and the 3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid copolymer for 8 hours at the temperature of 90 ℃, weighing 4 parts of nano montmorillonite (the particle size is 10-20nm), 80 parts of polylactic acid (the weight average molecular weight is 10-22 ten thousand) and 18 parts of 3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid copolymer (the weight average molecular weight is 15-20 ten thousand, and the molar content of 3-hydroxyvaleric acid is 20-38%) after drying, and sequentially adding the above materials into an internal mixer to be internally mixed uniformly to obtain a mixed material;
s2, adding the mixed material into an extruder, performing melt extrusion at 170 ℃, cooling and granulating to obtain a melt-blown material;
s3, adding the melt-blown material into a screw extruder for hot melting to obtain a melt, enabling the melt to reach a spinning assembly, spraying out the melt from a spinneret plate, mixing and pressurizing activated carbon particles and hot air to obtain a gas-solid mixture, enabling the gas-solid mixture to have a temperature of 200 ℃ and a pressure of 0.2MPa, using the gas-solid mixture as a traction airflow to spray and stretch the melt sprayed out from the spinneret plate to prepare melt-blown superfine fibers, forming a melt-blown cloth layer 2 compounded with the activated carbon particles on a receiving device, and enabling the content of the activated carbon particles in the melt-blown cloth layer 2 to be 8 wt%;
s4, hot rolling one side of the melt-blown fabric layer 2 by a roll hot rolling mill to form a PTFE film layer 1 (shown in figure 4) with a mesh penetrating structure, wherein the thickness of the PTFE film layer 1 is 100 μm, and the pore diameter of the PTFE film layer 1 is 300 nm;
and S5, performing electret treatment on the obtained composite layer by adopting electrostatic electret equipment, wherein the electret voltage is 20KV, the electret spacing is 40mm, and the electret time is 3S, so that a finished product is obtained, as shown in figure 5.
The procedure for producing the PTFE film layer 1 of this example was the same as in example 4.
Comparative example 1
Compared with example 1, the difference is that 3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid copolymer and nano montmorillonite are not added in this example, and the traction air flow is hot air, to which activated carbon particles are not added.
Comparative example 2
Compared with the embodiment 1, the difference is that the nano montmorillonite is not added in the embodiment.
Comparative example 3
The difference compared to example 1 is that the pulling air stream in this example was hot air, to which no activated carbon particles were added.
The composite meltblown fabrics prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to tensile strength, elongation at break, particle filtration efficiency, and surface potential property tests after electret treatment, and the test results are shown in table 1.
Testing the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the composite meltblown by using a meltblown tensile strength tester HT-101PT-05, setting the tensile speed to be 20mm/min during testing, testing each sample for 20 times, and averaging the results;
detecting the particle filtering efficiency according to GB 2626-2019;
the surface potential after electret was measured according to the thesis "study on the electricity storage properties of a porous polytetrafluoroethylene-polyethylene-polypropylene electret" (songmeng, second college of military medicine ", 2006).
TABLE 1
The test results in table 1 show that the processability and mechanical properties of polylactic acid can be effectively improved by blending polylactic acid, 3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate copolymer and nano-montmorillonite, the material has a stable electret effect, the charge amount and charge storage time-efficiency stored in the electret process of the material are increased, the service life of the material is prolonged, and the prepared composite meltblown fabric has strong filtering efficiency on particles and plays a better protection role.
The present invention has been described in terms of specific examples, which are provided to aid understanding of the invention and are not intended to be limiting. For a person skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions, modifications or substitutions may be made according to the idea of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The composite meltblown fabric is characterized by comprising a meltblown fabric layer, wherein meltblown materials in the meltblown fabric layer comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 60-80 parts of polylactic acid, 10-20 parts of 3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid copolymer and 1-5 parts of nano montmorillonite;
and in the process of melt-blowing the melt-blown material into melt-blown equipment, mixing and pressurizing activated carbon particles and hot air to obtain a gas-solid mixture, carrying out jet drawing on a melt formed by the melt-blown material by using the gas-solid mixture as a traction airflow to prepare the melt-blown superfine fiber compounded with the activated carbon particles, and forming a melt-blown cloth layer compounded with the activated carbon particles on a receiving device, wherein the content of the activated carbon particles in the melt-blown cloth layer is 5-20 wt%.
2. The composite meltblown fabric as recited in claim 1, wherein a PTFE membrane layer having a mesh through structure is bonded to one side of the meltblown fabric layer, the PTFE membrane layer has a thickness of 50-100 μm, and the PTFE membrane layer has a pore size of 300-500 nm.
3. The composite meltblown fabric of claim 2 wherein said PTFE film layer is hot-rolled with said meltblown fabric layer.
4. The composite meltblown fabric of claim 1 wherein the nano-montmorillonite has a particle size of 10-20 nm.
5. The composite meltblown according to claim 1, wherein the weight average molecular weight of the polylactic acid is 10-22 ten thousand, and the weight average molecular weight of the 3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate copolymer is 15-20 ten thousand, wherein the molar content of 3-hydroxyvalerate in the 3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate copolymer is 20-38%.
6. The composite meltblown fabric as recited in claim 1 wherein the temperature of the gas-solid mixture obtained by mixing and pressurizing the activated carbon particles with hot air is 180-200 ℃ and the pressure is 0.2-0.3 MPa.
7. A process for preparing the composite meltblown fabric of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, drying the polylactic acid and the 3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid copolymer for 8-12 hours at the temperature of 80-90 ℃, and then banburying and uniformly mixing the nano montmorillonite, the dried polylactic acid and the 3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid copolymer in an internal mixer in proportion to obtain a mixed material;
s2, adding the mixed material into an extruder, carrying out melt extrusion, cooling and granulating to obtain a melt-blown material;
s3, adding the melt-blown material into a hot melting device for hot melting to obtain a melt, enabling the melt to reach a spinning assembly, spraying out the melt from a spinneret plate, mixing and pressurizing activated carbon particles and hot air to obtain a gas-solid mixture serving as a traction airflow for spray stretching to prepare spray-melted superfine fibers, and forming a melt-blown cloth layer compounded with the activated carbon particles on a receiving device;
and S4, performing electret treatment on the obtained melt-blown cloth layer by adopting electrostatic electret equipment to obtain a finished product.
8. The process of claim 7, wherein the extrusion temperature of the extruder in the step S2 is 160-180 ℃.
9. The process according to claim 7, wherein in step S4, the electrostatic electret device has an electret voltage of 10 to 20KV, an electret gap of 35 to 50mm, and an electret time of 1 to 4S.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011418391.0A CN114606645A (en) | 2020-12-07 | 2020-12-07 | Composite melt-blown fabric and preparation process thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115262094A (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2022-11-01 | 桐乡市健民过滤材料有限公司 | High-capacity carbon water filter element composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115387025A (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2022-11-25 | 天津工业大学 | Efficient antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown fabric and preparation method thereof |
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2020
- 2020-12-07 CN CN202011418391.0A patent/CN114606645A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115262094A (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2022-11-01 | 桐乡市健民过滤材料有限公司 | High-capacity carbon water filter element composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115387025A (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2022-11-25 | 天津工业大学 | Efficient antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown fabric and preparation method thereof |
| CN115387025B (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2023-10-24 | 天津工业大学 | Efficient antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown cloth and preparation method thereof |
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