CN114606362B - Converter slag washing desulfurization process - Google Patents
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- CN114606362B CN114606362B CN202210262698.9A CN202210262698A CN114606362B CN 114606362 B CN114606362 B CN 114606362B CN 202210262698 A CN202210262698 A CN 202210262698A CN 114606362 B CN114606362 B CN 114606362B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of steelmaking, in particular to a converter slag washing desulfurization process. In addition, the invention utilizes the magnesium hydroxide and the aluminum powder to grind and reduce the granularity, then uses high-temperature decomposition to form a mixture of magnesium oxide and aluminum, and adds the mixture into molten steel, thereby protecting a furnace body, avoiding being corroded by molten steel, improving the smelting efficiency of steel, and further removing sulfur so as to further reduce the sulfur content in the steel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steelmaking, in particular to a converter slag washing desulfurization process.
Background
S is a harmful element in plain carbon steel, feS with the melting point of 1193 ℃ is generated by combining the S with Fe in molten steel, casting blank segregation and central porosity can be caused by high FeS content in the continuous casting pouring process, fe and FeS eutectic melting point 985 ℃ is generated, the steel is thermally fragile during hot working, the welding performance of the steel is obviously reduced, high Wen Guilie is caused, air holes and porosity are generated in a metal welding seam, and the strength of the welding seam is reduced. The S content of the high-grade steel is less than 0.030 percent, and the S content of the high-grade steel is less than or equal to 0.045 percent. At present, a desulfurization station is not used for first molten steel, the structure of the produced steel is mainly high-quality common carbon steel, the proportion of molten iron sulfur is more than 0.040 percent and is about 20 percent, the desulfurization rate of a converter is generally 30-40 percent, 0.040-0.060 percent of molten iron sulfur can be directly fed into the converter, the molten iron sulfur is more than 0.060 percent and adopts a low-sulfur molten iron tank, and the molten iron sulfur is more than 0.070 percent and adopts a refining furnace for desulfurization. When two blast furnaces are high in sulfur, the refining furnace is overhauled when molten iron is high in sulfur, the variety of steel produced by the refining furnace, molten iron is not high in sulfur, the furnace is high in sulfur, and no effective control measures are available for high-sulfur waste products and missed products.
In the prior art, the steel-making and sulfur removal mainly has the following problems:
1) Serious peroxidation of molten steel: the sulfur is tapped by pouring the furnace three times, the tapping C is less than 0.05%, the oxygen content of molten steel is more than 1000ppm, the residual Mn is less than or equal to 0.05% (the carbon drawing furnace number Mn is 0.10-0.18%), and the total iron content of slag is 25-30%. The steel tapping deoxidization alloying operation is difficult, the component miss accounts for about 2% due to the peroxy, and the alloy recovery rate is reduced by 10%.
2) Slag consumption is high: when molten iron is high in sulfur content, about 55 kg/furnace of slag is added in the blowing process, about 15 kg/furnace of slag is added in the sulfur content high-blowing treatment, and the operation is difficult to control accurately;
3) The slag splashing furnace protection effect is poor, the corrosion of the furnace lining is serious, and the consumption of furnace protection refractory materials is high. The high FeO content peroxy slag erodes a slag splashing layer and even a magnesia carbon brick of a working layer, the furnace lining is eroded by a long-time foam furnace in the high-temperature peroxy molten steel furnace caused by 3 times of furnace pouring, and the slag is finally splashed by thin slag and is taken up for later furnace washing, and the slag of the slag splashing layer is melted in the blowing process of the lower furnace with a low melting point.
4) The molten iron sulfur is high, the silicon low-iron temperature is low, and the temperature loss of the ladle of the steelmaking mixer is reduced by 50 ℃/time. The desulfurization in the converter blowing process is an endothermic reaction, so that the sulfur blast furnace number is about 90t for ensuring the hot molten iron, the scrap steel is 13t, and the iron loss is high. Therefore, how to efficiently remove sulfur is an urgent problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a converter slag washing desulfurization process, which improves the desulfurization efficiency and the steel performance by using active ash powder and complex aluminum particles in a targeted manner, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
in the tapping process, active ash powder and compound aluminum particles are added from an observation window to a steel flow stirring area, and argon blowing stirring operation is performed.
Further, the use amount of the active ash powder is 0.08-0.085% of the mass of molten steel, and the use amount of the compound aluminum particles is 0.02-0.027% of the mass of molten steel.
Further, the preparation steps of the activated ash powder are as follows:
(1) Raw material mixing
Dissolving 30-50 parts of calcium carbonate by using hydrochloric acid, diluting 1-1.5 times, adding 1-2 parts of lanthanum nitrate and 1-3 parts of cerium nitrate, adding ethanol 1-2 times of the mass of the calcium carbonate, stirring until the lanthanum nitrate and the cerium nitrate are completely dissolved, stirring for 20-30min, sealing and standing for 2-3h;
(2) Solution precipitation
Heating the solution in the previous step to 50-60 ℃, fully atomizing the solution by an ultrasonic atomizer, enabling the atomized solution to flow into excessive potassium hydroxide solution at a flow rate of 2-3m/s by using a carrying agent, flushing an inlet pipe by using steam at 80-90 ℃ after the atomized solution flows in, introducing the flushed steam into the potassium hydroxide solution, reducing the temperature system of the solution to 3-5 ℃, stirring for 20-30min at a speed of 500-800r/min, raising the temperature to 60-70 ℃, standing for 20-30min, taking down the sediment, and cleaning the sediment for 2-3 times by using distilled water;
(3) Preparation of active ash powder
Mixing the precipitate obtained in the previous step with starch, placing into a roasting furnace, heating to 800-900 ℃ in an environment with oxygen content of 11-13%, and roasting for 20-30 min; the mass ratio of the sediment to the starch is 10:2-3.
Further, the manufacturing mode of the compound aluminum particle is as follows:
(1) Raw material preparation
Preparing saturated solution from ethanol and sodium hydroxide by mass, adding magnesium nitrate into the saturated solution, and fully mixing for later use; the ratio of the amount of magnesium nitrate to the amount of sodium hydroxide is 3-5:1;
(2) Precipitation cleaning
Diluting the solution system with water for 3-5 times, stirring at 30-35deg.C for 20-30min, boiling at 2-3 standard atmospheric pressures for 2-3min, filtering while hot, and vacuum treating to obtain magnesium hydroxide;
(3) Production of composite aluminum particles
Mixing the magnesium hydroxide with aluminum powder, stearic acid, ethanol and petroleum ether, and placing the mixture into an aluminum powder ball mill for ball milling for 3-5 hours; collecting solvent under reduced pressure, placing into a vacuum heating dish, heating to 90-100deg.C, pumping to 10-30Pa, injecting argon to 200-300Pa, heating to 900-1000deg.C, and heating for 20-30min.
Preferably, the mass fraction of the hydrochloric acid is 13-15%.
Preferably, the carrier is obtained by washing air pressed into the calcium hydroxide emulsion by a compressor.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the carrying agent to the atomized solution is 5-8:1.
Preferably, the mass fraction of the potassium hydroxide solution is 8-10%.
Preferably, the magnesium hydroxide is 5-8% of the aluminum powder, the stearic acid is 1-3% of the aluminum powder, the ethanol is 40-50% of the aluminum powder, and the petroleum ether is 13-15% of the aluminum powder.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical effects that:
according to the invention, the salt solution of calcium, lanthanum and cerium is atomized by ultrasonic atomization, and is carried into alkali liquor by clean air to generate an alkaline mixture, and then calcium lanthanum cerium system oxide with extremely uniform dispersity is formed at high temperature, so that the calcium lanthanum cerium system oxide can be rapidly dispersed in molten steel to improve the contact with sulfur and remove sulfur. In addition, the invention utilizes the magnesium hydroxide and the aluminum powder to grind and reduce the granularity, then uses high-temperature decomposition to form a mixture of magnesium oxide and aluminum, and adds the mixture into molten steel, thereby protecting a furnace body, avoiding being corroded by molten steel, improving the smelting efficiency of steel, and further removing sulfur so as to further reduce the sulfur content in the steel.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the present invention is further defined below in conjunction with the specific embodiments, but the scope of the claimed invention is not limited to the description.
Example 1
In the tapping process, active ash powder and compound aluminum particles are added from an observation window to a steel flow stirring area, and argon blowing stirring operation is performed; the consumption of the active ash powder is 0.08% of the molten steel mass, and the consumption of the compound aluminum particles is 0.02% of the molten steel mass;
the preparation method of the activated ash powder comprises the following steps:
(1) Raw material mixing
Dissolving 30 parts of calcium carbonate by using hydrochloric acid, diluting by 1 time, adding 1 part of lanthanum nitrate and 1 part of cerium nitrate, adding ethanol by 1 time of the mass of the calcium carbonate, stirring until the lanthanum nitrate and the cerium nitrate are completely dissolved, continuing stirring for 20 minutes, sealing and standing for 2 hours; the mass fraction of the hydrochloric acid is 13%;
(2) Solution precipitation
Heating the solution in the previous step to 50 ℃, fully atomizing the solution by using an ultrasonic atomizer, enabling the atomized solution to flow into excessive potassium hydroxide solution at a flow rate of 2m/s by using a carrying agent, flushing an inlet pipeline by using steam at 80 ℃ after the atomized solution flows in, introducing the flushed steam into the potassium hydroxide solution, reducing the temperature system of the solution to 3 ℃, stirring at a speed of 500r/min for 20min, raising the temperature to 60 ℃, standing for 20min, taking down the sediment of the layer, and adjusting the water content to 20%; the carrying agent is obtained by pressing air into calcium hydroxide emulsion by a compressor for washing; the mass ratio of the carrying agent to the atomized solution is 5:1; the mass fraction of the potassium hydroxide solution is 8%;
(3) Preparation of active ash powder
Mixing the precipitate obtained in the last step with starch, placing into a roasting furnace, heating to 800 ℃ in an environment with 11% oxygen content, and roasting for 20min; the mass ratio of the sediment to the starch is 10:2;
the manufacturing method of the compound aluminum particles comprises the following steps:
(1) Raw material preparation
Preparing saturated solution from ethanol and sodium hydroxide by mass, adding magnesium nitrate into the saturated solution, and fully mixing for later use; the ratio of the amount of magnesium nitrate to the amount of sodium hydroxide is 3:1;
(2) Precipitation cleaning
Diluting the solution system with water for 3 times, stirring at 30deg.C for 20min, boiling at 2 standard atmospheric pressures for 2min, filtering while hot, and vacuum treating to obtain magnesium hydroxide;
(3) Production of composite aluminum particles
Mixing the magnesium hydroxide with aluminum powder, stearic acid, ethanol and petroleum ether, and placing the mixture into an aluminum powder ball mill for ball milling for 3 hours; collecting solvent under reduced pressure, placing into a vacuum heating dish, heating to 90deg.C, pumping to pressure of 10Pa, injecting argon gas to pressure of 200Pa, heating to 900 deg.C, and heating for 20min to obtain compound aluminum particles;
the magnesium hydroxide is 5% of the aluminum powder in mass, the stearic acid is 1% of the aluminum powder in mass, the ethanol is 40% of the aluminum powder in mass, and the petroleum ether is 13% of the aluminum powder in mass;
example 2
In the tapping process, active ash powder and compound aluminum particles are added from an observation window to a steel flow stirring area, and argon blowing stirring operation is performed; the consumption of the active ash powder is 0.085% of the molten steel mass, and the consumption of the compound aluminum particles is 0.027% of the molten steel mass;
the preparation method of the activated ash powder comprises the following steps:
(1) Raw material mixing
Dissolving 50 parts of calcium carbonate by using hydrochloric acid, diluting by 1.5 times, adding 2 parts of lanthanum nitrate and 3 parts of cerium nitrate, adding ethanol by 2 times of the mass of the calcium carbonate, stirring until the lanthanum nitrate and the cerium nitrate are completely dissolved, stirring for 30min, sealing and standing for 3h; the mass fraction of the hydrochloric acid is 15%;
(2) Solution precipitation
Heating the solution in the previous step to 60 ℃, fully atomizing the solution by using an ultrasonic atomizer, enabling the atomized solution to flow into excessive potassium hydroxide solution at a flow rate of 3m/s by using a carrying agent, flushing an inlet pipeline by using water vapor at 90 ℃, introducing the flushed vapor into the potassium hydroxide solution, reducing the solution temperature system to 5 ℃, stirring at a speed of 800r/min for 30min, raising the temperature to 70 ℃, standing for 30min, taking down the sediment of the lower layer, and cleaning the sediment with distilled water for 3 times; the carrying agent is obtained by pressing air into calcium hydroxide emulsion by a compressor for washing; the mass ratio of the carrying agent to the atomized solution is 8:1; the mass fraction of the potassium hydroxide solution is 10%;
(3) Preparation of active ash powder
Mixing the precipitate obtained in the last step with starch, placing into a roasting furnace, heating to 900 ℃ in an environment with 13% oxygen content, and roasting for 30 min; the mass ratio of the sediment to the starch is 10:3;
the manufacturing method of the compound aluminum particles comprises the following steps:
(1) Raw material preparation
Preparing saturated solution from ethanol and sodium hydroxide by mass, adding magnesium nitrate into the saturated solution, and fully mixing for later use; the ratio of the amount of magnesium nitrate to the amount of sodium hydroxide is 5:1;
(2) Precipitation cleaning
Diluting the solution system with water for 5 times, stirring at 35deg.C for 30min, boiling at 3 standard atmospheric pressures for 3min, filtering while hot, and vacuum treating to obtain magnesium hydroxide;
(3) Production of composite aluminum particles
Mixing the magnesium hydroxide with aluminum powder, stearic acid, ethanol and petroleum ether, and placing the mixture into an aluminum powder ball mill for ball milling for 5 hours; collecting solvent under reduced pressure, placing into a vacuum heating dish, heating to 100deg.C, pumping to pressure of 30Pa, injecting argon gas to pressure of 300Pa, heating to 1000deg.C,
the magnesium hydroxide is 8% of the aluminum powder in weight, the stearic acid is 3% of the aluminum powder in weight, the ethanol is 50% of the aluminum powder in weight, and the petroleum ether is 15% of the aluminum powder in weight;
example 3
In the tapping process, active ash powder and compound aluminum particles are added from an observation window to a steel flow stirring area, and argon blowing stirring operation is performed; the consumption of the active ash powder is 0.083% of the molten steel mass, and the consumption of the compound aluminum particles is 0.025% of the molten steel mass;
the preparation method of the activated ash powder comprises the following steps:
(1) Raw material mixing
According to the mass parts, 40 parts of calcium carbonate is dissolved by hydrochloric acid, diluted by 1.5 times, 1 part of lanthanum nitrate and 3 parts of cerium nitrate are added, ethanol with the mass 1 time of the calcium carbonate is added, and the mixture is stirred until the lanthanum nitrate and the cerium nitrate are completely dissolved, stirred for 30min, sealed and kept stand for 2h; the mass fraction of the hydrochloric acid is 15%;
(2) Solution precipitation
Heating the solution in the previous step to 60 ℃, fully atomizing the solution by using an ultrasonic atomizer, enabling the atomized solution to flow into excessive potassium hydroxide solution at a flow rate of 3m/s by using a carrying agent, flushing an inlet pipeline by using water vapor at 90 ℃, introducing the flushed vapor into the potassium hydroxide solution, reducing the solution temperature system to 3 ℃, stirring at a speed of 800r/min for 30min, raising the temperature to 60 ℃, standing for 30min, taking down the sediment of the lower layer, and cleaning the sediment with distilled water for 3 times; the carrying agent is obtained by pressing air into calcium hydroxide emulsion by a compressor for washing; the mass ratio of the carrying agent to the atomized solution is 5:1; the mass fraction of the potassium hydroxide solution is 10%;
(3) Preparation of active ash powder
Mixing the precipitate obtained in the last step with starch, placing into a roasting furnace, heating to 900 ℃ in an environment with 13% oxygen content, and roasting for 20min; the mass ratio of the sediment to the starch is 10:3;
the manufacturing method of the compound aluminum particles comprises the following steps:
(1) Raw material preparation
Preparing saturated solution from ethanol and sodium hydroxide by mass, adding magnesium nitrate into the saturated solution, and fully mixing for later use; the ratio of the amount of magnesium nitrate to the amount of sodium hydroxide is 5:1;
(2) Precipitation cleaning
Diluting the solution system with water for 3 times, stirring at 35deg.C for 20min, boiling at 3 standard atmospheric pressures for 3min, filtering while hot, and vacuum treating to obtain magnesium hydroxide;
(3) Production of composite aluminum particles
Mixing the magnesium hydroxide with aluminum powder, stearic acid, ethanol and petroleum ether, and placing the mixture into an aluminum powder ball mill for ball milling for 5 hours; collecting solvent under reduced pressure, placing into a vacuum heating dish, heating to 90deg.C, pumping to pressure of 30Pa, injecting argon gas to pressure of 200Pa, heating to 1000deg.C, and heating for 20min;
the magnesium hydroxide is 8% of the aluminum powder in weight, the stearic acid is 1% of the aluminum powder in weight, the ethanol is 50% of the aluminum powder in weight, and the petroleum ether is 13% of the aluminum powder in weight;
comparative example setting:
test example 1
The steel desulfurization effects were examined as follows, in accordance with examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 5, respectively:
delta S represents molten steel sulfur in a tapping furnace, namely finished sulfur, and the table shows that the desulfurization efficiency of the examples 1-3 is highest, and the sulfur removal effect of the scheme of the invention on the finished steel is obvious.
Claims (7)
1. A process for desulfurizing slag washing of a converter is characterized in that in the tapping process, active ash powder and compound aluminum particles are added from an observation window to a steel flow stirring area, and argon blowing stirring operation is performed at the same time;
the preparation method of the activated ash powder comprises the following steps:
(1) Raw material mixing
Dissolving 30-50 parts of calcium carbonate by using hydrochloric acid, diluting 1-1.5 times, adding 1-2 parts of lanthanum nitrate and 1-3 parts of cerium nitrate, adding ethanol 1-2 times of the mass of the calcium carbonate, stirring until the lanthanum nitrate and the cerium nitrate are completely dissolved, stirring for 20-30min, sealing and standing for 2-3h;
(2) Solution precipitation
Heating the solution in the previous step to 50-60 ℃, fully atomizing the solution by an ultrasonic atomizer, enabling the atomized solution to flow into excessive potassium hydroxide solution at a flow rate of 2-3m/s by using a carrying agent, flushing an inlet pipe by using steam at 80-90 ℃ after the atomized solution flows in, introducing the flushed steam into the potassium hydroxide solution, reducing the temperature system of the solution to 3-5 ℃, stirring for 20-30min at a speed of 500-800r/min, raising the temperature to 60-70 ℃, standing for 20-30min, taking down the sediment, and cleaning the sediment for 2-3 times by using distilled water;
(3) Preparation of active ash powder
Mixing the precipitate obtained in the previous step with starch, placing into a roasting furnace, heating to 800-900 ℃ in an environment with oxygen content of 11-13%, and roasting for 20-30 min; the mass ratio of the sediment to the starch is 10:2-3;
the manufacturing method of the compound aluminum particles comprises the following steps:
(1) Raw material preparation
Preparing saturated solution from ethanol and sodium hydroxide by mass, adding magnesium nitrate into the saturated solution, and fully mixing for later use; the ratio of the amount of magnesium nitrate to the amount of sodium hydroxide is 3-5:1;
(2) Precipitation cleaning
Diluting the solution system with water for 3-5 times, stirring at 30-35deg.C for 20-30min, boiling at 2-3 standard atmospheric pressures for 2-3min, filtering while hot, and vacuum treating to obtain magnesium hydroxide;
(3) Production of composite aluminum particles
Mixing the magnesium hydroxide with aluminum powder, stearic acid, ethanol and petroleum ether, and placing the mixture into an aluminum powder ball mill for ball milling for 3-5 hours; collecting solvent under reduced pressure, placing into a vacuum heating dish, heating to 90-100deg.C, pumping to 10-30Pa, injecting argon to 200-300Pa, heating to 900-1000deg.C, and heating for 20-30min.
2. The process for desulfurizing slag washing of a converter according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the active ash powder is 0.08-0.085% of the mass of molten steel, and the amount of the complex aluminum particles is 0.02-0.027% of the mass of molten steel.
3. The converter slag washing desulfurization process according to claim 1, wherein the mass fraction of the hydrochloric acid is 13-15%.
4. The process for desulphurising converter slag in accordance with claim 1 wherein said entrainer is obtained by air forced into a calcium hydroxide emulsion by a compressor and washed.
5. The converter slag washing desulfurization process according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the entrainer to the atomized solution is 5-8:1.
6. The converter slag washing desulfurization process according to claim 1, wherein the mass fraction of the potassium hydroxide solution is 8-10%.
7. The process for desulfurizing slag washing of a converter according to claim 1, wherein the magnesium hydroxide is used in an amount of 5-8% by mass of the aluminum powder, the stearic acid is used in an amount of 1-3% by mass of the aluminum powder, the ethanol is used in an amount of 40-50% by mass of the aluminum powder, and the petroleum ether is used in an amount of 13-15% by mass of the aluminum powder.
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| CN102534120A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2012-07-04 | 首钢总公司 | Smelting process for production of super-low sulphur steel |
| EP2918688A1 (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2015-09-16 | Affival | Method for desulphurisation of hot metal, and flux-cored wire for implementing same |
| CN106011377A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-10-12 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Control technology for B-class inclusions of low-carbon low-sulfur pipeline steel |
| CN107604120A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-01-19 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Low-phosphorous low-sulfur method for making steel |
| WO2020215688A1 (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2020-10-29 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Process for smelting ultra-low-carbon and ultra-low-sulfur steel |
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2022
- 2022-03-17 CN CN202210262698.9A patent/CN114606362B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102534120A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2012-07-04 | 首钢总公司 | Smelting process for production of super-low sulphur steel |
| EP2918688A1 (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2015-09-16 | Affival | Method for desulphurisation of hot metal, and flux-cored wire for implementing same |
| CN106011377A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-10-12 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Control technology for B-class inclusions of low-carbon low-sulfur pipeline steel |
| CN107604120A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-01-19 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Low-phosphorous low-sulfur method for making steel |
| WO2020215688A1 (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2020-10-29 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Process for smelting ultra-low-carbon and ultra-low-sulfur steel |
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