CN114605917B - Environment-friendly moisture-proof coating based on silk fibroin-PMMA-chitosan - Google Patents
Environment-friendly moisture-proof coating based on silk fibroin-PMMA-chitosan Download PDFInfo
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- CN114605917B CN114605917B CN202210221184.9A CN202210221184A CN114605917B CN 114605917 B CN114605917 B CN 114605917B CN 202210221184 A CN202210221184 A CN 202210221184A CN 114605917 B CN114605917 B CN 114605917B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D187/00—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds, obtained otherwise than by polymerisation reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
- C09D187/005—Block or graft polymers not provided for in groups C09D101/00 - C09D185/04
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G81/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers in the absence of monomers, e.g. block polymers
- C08G81/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers in the absence of monomers, e.g. block polymers at least one of the polymers being obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2150/00—Compositions for coatings
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of high polymer materials, and discloses an environment-friendly moisture-proof coating based on silk fibroin-PMMA-chitosan, which comprises the following steps: 1) Deacetylating chitosan; 2) Heating and mixing methyl methacrylate, sorbitol and water; 3) Adding an initiator into the obtained solution for reaction; 4) Solidifying the obtained product by using a non-solvent, washing and drying; obtaining PMMA; 5) Performing polyaddition reaction on the high-deacetylation-degree chitosan solution and PMMA; 6) Mixing the silk fibroin ethanol water solution with the PMMA-chitosan solution to prepare the environment-friendly moisture-proof coating. According to the invention, PMMA and chitosan are polymerized, and the effect of chitosan on PMMA to reduce the surface energy is utilized, so that the stability and the reaction activity of the polymer are improved, and the water resistance and the oil resistance of the polymer are increased. And then silk fibroin is added, so that the water resistance and oil resistance of the coating can be further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of high polymer materials, in particular to an environment-friendly moisture-proof coating based on silk fibroin-PMMA-chitosan.
Background
In daily life, wooden decoration or wooden furniture can be affected with damp and become black and mildewed or even infested after being used for a long time or being in a humid environment for a long time, the discoloration, the fading and the falling of the wooden decoration or the wooden furniture can be caused, potential safety hazards are caused, meanwhile, mildewed furniture can emit mildew spores in the air, the smell is sharp, the air quality is poor, the wooden decoration or the wooden furniture is in the environment for a long time, the body can feel uncomfortable, respiratory diseases are generated, in addition, the mildews can be attached to clothes, and the situations of skin allergy, acne growing and the like of indoor personnel can be caused. Causing pollution and harming body health.
At present, in order to prolong the service life of the wood products and prevent the wood products from rotting and mildewing, a mode of painting or waxing the surface of the wood is generally adopted. However, the organic solvents contained in the traditional paint are mainly hydrocarbons, and the rest are ketones, alcohols, ethylene glycol, ethers, esters, nitro branched alkanes and the like, and the extremely volatile organic compounds have great harm to the environment and health, while the moisture resistance and oil resistance of the wax are extremely limited, and the use of the wax can cause daunting landfill and micro-plastic problems, so that a coating which is green and environment-friendly, does not harm to the body and is waterproof and oil-resistant is needed to perfectly solve the problems.
After absorbing liquid water/liquid or moisture, the mechanical strength of the wood weakens and eventually becomes rotten and moldy. To address this problem, the surface energy and porosity of wood are often tailored. Internal and external sizing agents and coating treatments are commonly used to enhance the water and oil resistance of wood. Synthetic non-biodegradable polymers, such as low density polyethylene, are commonly used as laminates to impart liquid resistance to wood. However, at the end of the useful life of the wood, its disposal is a difficult challenge, and these materials tend to end up in landfills and oceans rather than being recycled. The non-degradable nature of paint, wax and other polymer-based coatings brushed on wood can lead to environmental pollution.
In order to reduce the environmental impact of synthetic polymers used to make water and oil resistant paper, biopolymers are considered a viable paper coating with many advantages over petrochemical polymers, including renewability, biocompatibility and biodegradability. Various biopolymer coatings are available, including polysaccharides (e.g., starch and chitosan), proteins, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an environment-friendly moisture-proof coating based on silk fibroin-PMMA-chitosan. According to the invention, PMMA and chitosan are polymerized, and the surface energy of the PMMA is reduced by the chitosan, so that the stability and the reactivity of the synthetic polymer are improved, and the water resistance and the oil resistance of the polymer are increased. In the polymerization process, silk fibroin and a PMMA-chitosan mixture are added to be combined, so that the water resistance and oil resistance of the coating can be further improved.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an environment-friendly moisture-proof coating based on silk fibroin-PMMA-chitosan, which comprises the following steps:
1) Deacetylating chitosan to a degree of more than 90%.
2) Methyl methacrylate, sorbitol and water were added to a reaction vessel and mixed with heating under stirring in an inert atmosphere.
3) Adding initiator APS into the solution obtained in the step 2) under continuous stirring for reaction, and then quenching the reaction in ice water.
4) Solidifying the product obtained in the step 3) by using a non-solvent, washing by using hot water, and then drying; the homopolymer PMMA is obtained.
5) Placing the high deacetylation degree chitosan solution obtained in the step 1) and the PMMA obtained in the step 4) in a heated inert atmosphere, and adding an initiator APS and sorbitol to perform addition polymerization reaction to obtain a PMMA-chitosan solution.
In step 5), chitosan and PMMA undergo addition polymerization reaction, the-C = C-on the PMMA is destroyed, and chitosan form-C-O-C-so as to be polymerized together to form CHI-g-PMMA polymer. According to the invention, PMMA and chitosan are polymerized, and the effect of chitosan on PMMA to reduce the surface energy is utilized, so that the stability and the reactivity of the synthetic polymer are improved, the water resistance and the oil resistance of the polymer are increased, and the subsequent polymerization with silk fibroin is facilitated. Meanwhile, because MMA is insoluble in water, sorbitol is introduced to perform a solubilizing effect on the reaction system, and the sorbitol is also used as a stabilizer, so that PMMA synthesized by the reaction has higher stability.
Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) has good water and oil resistance and good degradability. The invention compounds the chitosan and the PMMA and then applies the chitosan to the wood coating, the chitosan can cover the pores of the wood, and meanwhile, the PMMA with low surface energy is enriched on the surface of the wood, so the obtained coating has good water and oil repellent performance.
6) Dissolving silk fibroin in ethanol water solution, and mixing with the PMMA-chitosan solution to prepare the environment-friendly moisture-proof coating.
Adding silk fibroin, and combining with PMMA-chitosan mixture. The silk fibroin is natural polymer fibrin, and accounts for about 70-80% of the silk. The silk fibroin has good mechanical properties and physicochemical properties, such as good flexibility, tensile strength, air and moisture permeability, slow release property and the like, and can obtain different forms such as fibers, solution, powder, gel and the like through different treatments. In addition, the silk fibroin also has good film forming property, provides reasonable water repellency, is biodegradable, and has biocompatibility and edibility.
In conclusion, the invention applies the chitosan-PMMA/silk fibroin mixture to the wood strip, and can obviously provide the water resistance and the oil resistance of the wood.
Preferably, step 1) specifically comprises: adding chitosan into 40-60wt% NaOH solution according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1: 10-20 (g: mL), and stirring at 90-120 ℃ until the chitosan is completely dissolved.
Preferably, in step 2), the ratio of the methyl methacrylate to the sorbitol to the water is 4-10: 1-5: 50 (g: mL).
Preferably, in step 2), the heating temperature is 50 to 60 ℃.
Preferably, in the step 3), the addition amount of the initiator APS is 0.01-0.05 mol/L, and the reaction time is 2-4h.
Preferably, in the step 4), the drying temperature is 60-80 ℃ and the time is 2-5h.
Preferably, in the step 5), the mass ratio of the PMMA to the high-deacetylation-degree chitosan solution is 1.5-3: 1.
The mass ratio is the optimal feeding ratio.
Preferably, in the step 5), the reaction temperature is 50-60 ℃; the addition amount of the initiator APS is 0.01-0.05 g; the addition amount of the sorbitol is 0.001-0.005 g.
Preferably, in the step 6), the solid-to-liquid ratio of the silk fibroin and the ethanol aqueous solution is 1g: 20-50 mL, and the concentration of the ethanol aqueous solution is 70-90wt%.
Preferably, in the step 6), the mass ratio of the ethanol water solution containing silk fibroin to the PMMA-chitosan solution is 1: 10-25.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
(1) According to the invention, PMMA is polymerized with chitosan, and the effect of the chitosan on PMMA to reduce the surface energy is utilized, so that the stability and the reaction activity of the synthetic polymer are improved, the water resistance and the oil resistance of the polymer are increased, and the subsequent polymerization with silk fibroin is facilitated.
(2) In the polymerization process, silk fibroin is added to be combined with the PMMA-chitosan mixture, so that the water resistance and oil resistance of the coating can be further improved.
(3) The invention utilizes chitosan and silk fibroin as the water-resistant and oleophobic coating, and provides a thought for the development and utilization of more subsequent biopolymer coatings such as polysaccharide, protein and the like.
(4) In the invention, the silk fibroin and the chitosan are nontoxic, harmless and environment-friendly, and meanwhile, the PMMA dosage is small, thereby saving resources and reducing cost; and the prepared silk fibroin-PMMA-chitosan coating is easy to recover and can be recycled. The material does not exist in the environment for a long time, is not difficult to degrade, and conforms to the green material advocated in the world nowadays.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
A preparation method of an environment-friendly moisture-proof coating based on silk fibroin-PMMA-chitosan comprises the following steps:
1) Weighing 0.5g of chitosan with the deacetylation degree of 76% for further deacetylation, so that the deacetylation degree is improved to more than 90%;
2) 0.05mol/L MMA, 0.001g of sorbitol as a surfactant and distilled water were weighed out in a reaction vessel and under N 2 The temperature was maintained at 55 ℃ in an atmosphere;
3) Adding 0.01mol/LAPS initiator into the solution prepared in the step 2) under continuous stirring for reaction for 3 hours, and then stopping the reaction by quenching the reaction vessel in ice water;
4) The prepared sample was coagulated with non-solvent water, then washed with hot water several times, and then dried in an oven at about 70 ℃ for 4 hours. The homopolymer (PMMA) formed was then kept in a desiccator for 1 hour and weighed for future use;
5) Mixing the chitosan with high deacetylation degree prepared in the step 1 and the PMMA prepared in the step 4 in the presence of N 2 Adding required amount of initiator 0.01mol/L APS and 0.001g surfactant sorbitol at 55 ℃ under atmosphere to obtain PMMA-chitosan solution;
6) Weighing 10g of silk fibroin, dissolving in 500mL of 80% ethanol water solution, and mixing with the prepared PMMA-chitosan solution to prepare coating solution.
7) The prepared coating solution was uniformly applied to wood for moisture resistance testing. The moisture-proof test method comprises the following specific steps: several small wood blocks of equal volume mass were coated with silk fibroin-PMMA-chitosan coating, dried at 120 ℃ for 1h, and the weight of each sample was recorded using an analytical microbalance as the initial weight. The samples were then soaked in distilled water for 24 hours, then taken out and after wiping off excess water from the surface, weighed using an analytical microbalance to give the final weight. And arranging a wood board which is not coated with the silk fibroin-PMMA-chitosan coating for the same operation as a blank control, and finally comparing the front and back weight change conditions of the wood board.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of an environment-friendly moisture-proof coating based on silk fibroin-PMMA comprises the following steps:
1) 0.05mol/L MMA, 0.001g of sorbitol as a surfactant and distilled water were weighed out in a reaction vessel and under N 2 The temperature was maintained at 55 ℃ in an atmosphere;
2) Adding 0.01mol/L APS initiator into the solution prepared in the step 1) under continuous stirring for reaction for 3 hours, and then stopping the reaction by quenching the reaction vessel in ice water;
3) The prepared sample was coagulated with non-solvent water, then washed with hot water several times, and then dried in an oven at about 70 ℃ for 4 hours. The homopolymer (PMMA) formed was then kept in a desiccator for 1 hour and weighed for use;
4) Weighing 10g of silk fibroin, dissolving in 500mL of 780% ethanol water solution, and mixing with the prepared PMMA solution to prepare a coating solution.
5) The prepared coating solution was uniformly applied to wood for moisture resistance testing. The moisture-proof test method comprises the following specific steps: several small wood blocks of equal volume mass were coated with silk fibroin-PMMA coating, respectively, dried at 120 ℃ for 1h, and the weight of each sample was recorded using an analytical microbalance as the initial weight. The samples were then soaked in distilled water for 24 hours, then taken out and after wiping off excess water from the surface, weighed using an analytical microbalance to give the final weight. And arranging a wood board which is not coated with the silk fibroin-PMMA coating for the same operation as a blank control, and finally comparing the weight change condition of the wood board before and after.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of an environment-friendly moisture-proof coating based on silk fibroin-chitosan comprises the following steps:
1) Weighing 0.5g of chitosan with the deacetylation degree of 76% for further deacetylation, so that the deacetylation degree is improved to more than 90%;
2) Weighing 10g of silk fibroin, dissolving in 500mL of 80% ethanol water solution, and mixing with the prepared chitosan solution to obtain a coating solution.
3) The prepared coating solution was uniformly applied to wood for moisture resistance testing.
The moisture-proof test comprises the following specific steps: several small wood blocks of equal mass were coated with silk fibroin-chitosan coating, dried at 120 ℃ for 1h, and the weight of each sample was recorded as the initial weight using an analytical microbalance. The samples were then soaked in distilled water for 24 hours, then taken out and after wiping off excess water from the surface, weighed using an analytical microbalance to give the final weight. And arranging a wood board which is not coated with the silk fibroin-chitosan coating for the same operation as a blank control, and finally comparing the weight change condition of the wood board before and after the blank control.
Comparative example 3
A preparation method of an environment-friendly moisture-proof coating based on PMMA-chitosan comprises the following steps:
1) Weighing 0.5g of chitosan with the deacetylation degree of 76% for further deacetylation, so that the deacetylation degree is improved to more than 90%;
2) 0.05mol/L MMA, 0.001g of sorbitol as a surfactant and distilled water were weighed out in a reaction vessel and under N 2 The temperature was maintained at 55 ℃ in an atmosphere;
3) Adding 0.01mol/L APS initiator into the solution prepared in the step 2) under continuous stirring for reaction for 3 hours, and then stopping the reaction by quenching the reaction vessel in ice water;
4) The prepared sample was coagulated with non-solvent water, then washed with hot water several times, and then dried in an oven at about 70 ℃ for 2 hours. The homopolymer (PMMA) formed was then kept in a desiccator for 1 hour and weighed for future use;
5) Mixing the chitosan with high deacetylation degree prepared in the step 1 and the PMMA prepared in the step 4 in N 2 Adding required amount of initiator 0.01mol/L APS and 0.001g of surfactant sorbitol at 55 ℃ under atmosphere to obtain PMMA-chitosan solution finally;
6) The prepared coating solution was uniformly applied to wood for moisture resistance testing. The moisture-proof test comprises the following specific steps: several small wood blocks of equal mass were coated with PMMA-chitosan coating, dried at 120 ℃ for 1h, and the weight of each sample was recorded as the initial weight using an analytical microbalance. The samples were then soaked in distilled water for 24 hours and then taken out and after excess water was wiped off the surface, weighed using an analytical microbalance to give the final weight. And arranging a wood board which is not coated with the PMMA-chitosan coating for the same operation as a blank control, and finally comparing the weight change condition of the wood board before and after.
The results show that the chitosan-PMMA coating has water and oil resistance to the paperboard because the chitosan masks the pores of the wood product and PMMA provides a lower surface energy. Meanwhile, through data analysis of the examples and the comparative examples, it is obvious that the water resistance of the chitosan-PMMA coating is further improved along with the addition of the silk fibroin, which is probably related to that the silk fibroin has certain water repellency, and is also probably that the porosity of a masked wood product is further improved by the addition of the silk fibroin. Through the three comparative examples, the moisture resistance and oil resistance of the silk fibroin, PMMA and chitosan can be improved to the maximum extent only through copolymerization grafting, and the performance of the silk fibroin, PMMA and chitosan can be reduced due to the lack of any one of the three.
The raw materials and equipment used in the invention are common raw materials and equipment in the field if not specified; the methods used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, alterations and equivalents of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An environment-friendly moisture-proof coating based on silk fibroin-PMMA-chitosan is characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) Deacetylating chitosan to reach deacetylation degree over 90%;
according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1g: adding 10-20mL of chitosan into 40-60wt% NaOH solution, and stirring at 90-120 ℃ until the chitosan is completely dissolved;
2) Adding methyl methacrylate, sorbitol and water into a reaction vessel and heating, stirring and mixing in an inert atmosphere;
the dosage ratio of the methyl methacrylate to the sorbitol to the water is 4-10 g:1 to 5 g:50mL;
3) Adding an initiator APS into the solution obtained in the step 2) under continuous stirring for reaction, and then quenching the reaction in ice water;
4) Solidifying the product obtained in the step 3) by using a non-solvent, washing by using hot water, and then drying; obtaining homopolymer PMMA;
5) Placing the high-deacetylation-degree chitosan solution obtained in the step 1) and the PMMA obtained in the step 4) in a heated inert atmosphere, and adding an initiator APS and sorbitol to perform addition polymerization reaction to obtain a PMMA-chitosan solution;
the mass ratio of the PMMA to the high-deacetylation-degree chitosan solution is 1.5 to 3;
6) Dissolving silk fibroin in ethanol water solution, and mixing with the PMMA-chitosan solution to prepare the environment-friendly moisture-proof coating;
the solid-liquid ratio of the silk fibroin to the ethanol aqueous solution is 1g, 20 to 50mL, and the concentration of the ethanol aqueous solution is 70-90wt%.
2. The environmentally friendly moisture resistant coating of claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), the heating temperature is 50-60 ℃.
3. The environmentally friendly moisture resistant coating of claim 1, wherein: in the step 3), the addition amount of the initiator APS is 0.01 to 0.05mol/L, and the reaction time is 2 to 4 hours.
4. The environmentally friendly moisture resistant coating of claim 1, wherein: in the step 4), the drying temperature is 60-80 ℃ and the time is 2-5h.
5. The environmentally friendly moisture resistant coating of claim 1, wherein: in the step 5), the reaction temperature is 50-60 ℃; the addition amount of the initiator APS is 0.01 to 0.05g; the addition amount of sorbitol is 0.001 to 0.005g.
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