CN114598046B - Dual-carrier wireless energy and data simultaneous transmission method based on load modulation - Google Patents
Dual-carrier wireless energy and data simultaneous transmission method based on load modulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN114598046B CN114598046B CN202210439928.4A CN202210439928A CN114598046B CN 114598046 B CN114598046 B CN 114598046B CN 202210439928 A CN202210439928 A CN 202210439928A CN 114598046 B CN114598046 B CN 114598046B
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 101001047681 Homo sapiens Tyrosine-protein kinase Lck Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 101001022864 Mus musculus Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase LCK Proteins 0.000 description 8
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000010412 Glaucoma Diseases 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/70—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention relates to a dual-carrier wireless energy and data simultaneous transmission method based on load modulation. The invention controls the impedance of the data transmission frequency point by controlling the conduction mode of the transistor. And receiving signals of the transmitting end by the voltage of the two ends of the sampling resistor of the transmitting end. The data transmission is realized in a load modulation mode without actively transmitting signals by a transmitting end, so that the power consumption and the volume of the system are greatly optimized, and the complexity of the system is reduced. The invention adopts the LSK modulation mode, and has simple system and low power consumption. Other circuits are isolated from the load modulation circuit, so that the other circuits cannot affect each other, the efficiency of the system is improved, and the channel capacity of the LSK is increased. There is no need to provide a set of transmission systems for each carrier, reducing the complexity of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The system belongs to the technical field of biomedical electronics, and particularly relates to a dual-carrier wireless energy and data simultaneous transmission method based on load modulation.
Technical Field
Implantable systems are considered ideal solutions for specific diseases and life sciences research. According to incomplete statistics, about 2000 ten thousand glaucoma patients exist in China. Tonometry, i.e., intraocular fluid pressure measurement, is an important means of assessing the condition of glaucoma patients. In China, tonometric measurement mainly depends on the experience of doctors. The existing tonometric measurement means are carried out from outside the patient, and the measurement error is large. For such applications where vital sign information of a diseased region of a patient is to be measured directly, the implantable system can reduce the system interference to the greatest possible extent, and can diagnose the patient's condition from the source.
Full implantation, passive, low power consumption, miniaturization, and long-term performance are goals sought for implantable devices. The fully implantable device needs to transmit vital sign information acquired by the sensor to the outside of the body, and meanwhile needs to perform operations such as stimulation according to the information transmitted back from the outside of the body. This requires the design of wireless transmission links for both upstream and downstream data for the fully implanted system. The bidirectional and simultaneous wireless energy and data transmission (SWPDT) technology can realize the transmission of energy and uplink and downlink data on the same link, thereby greatly optimizing the volume and power consumption of the system. The existing SWPDT system adopting ASK, FSK, PSK information modulation modes needs an additional power amplifier, and is complex, and power consumption and volume cost are high. Conventional load modulation (LSK) based approaches are inefficient for transmission and susceptible to other circuit interference due to the large load variations at the receiving end. The existing double-carrier LSK bidirectional wireless energy and data transmission system needs two different transmission systems for two carriers, and the system is too complex.
The system utilizes the characteristic of frequency division of the CC topological magnetic coupling wireless energy transmission system to distribute an uplink data link, a downlink data link and an energy transmission link to different resonance points for transmission. The implanted device utilizes the LC band-stop filter to divide the energy and data transmission resonance points, and the load modulation is completed in the data transmission resonance points by controlling the on and off of the switching tube, so that the data transmission is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dual-carrier wireless energy and data simultaneous transmission method based on load modulation.
The specific invention steps are as follows:
Step one, according to an implantable application scene, determining an inductance value L of a coil of the implantable device for magnetic coupling wireless power transmission.
And step two, determining the required information transmission rate f of the system in the application.
And thirdly, determining an information transmission frequency point f 1 according to the information transmission rate f required by the system.
And step four, after the frequency point f 1 of information transmission is determined, the frequency point f 2 of energy transmission is determined.
And fifthly, determining the value of the topological capacitance in the CC topological circuit. The capacitor C 1P on the primary side in series with the transmit coil and the capacitor C 1S on the secondary side in series with the transmit coil in the CC topology are equal to each other, giving their values C 1. The capacitance C 2P on the primary side in parallel with the transmit coil and the capacitance C 2S on the secondary side in parallel with the transmit coil are equal, giving them a value of C 2. According to f 1、f2 obtained in the third and fourth steps: derived from the above- After determining the value of C 2, we arrive at/>
Step six, designing a band-stop filter: the use of the band reject filter separates the information transfer frequency point f 1 from the energy transfer frequency point f 2, so that the load modulation circuit operates only at the data transfer frequency point f 1, and is not affected by the load at the energy transfer frequency point f 2. The impedance at the frequency point f 1 seen from the transmitting end changes along with the change of the transmitted data, and the impedance at the frequency point f 2 changes little. Therefore, the required cut-off frequencies of the band-stop filters of the data transmission circuit and the energy transmission circuit are the energy transmission frequency f 2 and the data transmission frequency f 1, respectively. The band-stop filter is an LC parallel resonant circuit, the resonant frequency of the resonatorL' is the inductance of the LC resonance circuit and C is the capacitance of the LC resonance circuit.
Step seven, designing a load modulation circuit: the size of the load is changed by adopting the LSK modulation mode, and because the signal output by the information transmission band-stop filter is an alternating current signal, in order to make the impedance of the positive half period and the negative half period consistent, the size of the load is changed by using a mode that two triodes are connected in parallel. The impedance of the data transmission frequency point is controlled by controlling the conduction of the transistor; the data transmission is realized in a load modulation mode, the transmitting end is not required to actively transmit signals, and signals of the transmitting end are received by the voltage at the two ends of the sampling resistor of the transmitting end.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. compared with other simultaneous wireless energy and data transmission systems, the system adopts an LSK modulation mode, is simple and has low power consumption.
2. Compared with LSK systems with other single resonance frequency points, other circuits and load modulation circuits are isolated from each other and cannot influence each other, so that the efficiency of the system is improved, and the channel capacity of the LSK is increased.
3. Compared with other LSKs based on dual carriers, the system does not need to provide a set of transmission system for each carrier, and reduces the complexity of the system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a wireless power transfer system based on a double-sided CC topology;
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a dual carrier based simultaneous wireless power data transmission system;
FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram of the input sampling resistor waveform and the data to be transmitted.
Detailed Description
The present system is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Step one, determining a coil inductance value L of the implantable device for magnetic coupling wireless power transmission according to an implantable application scene. The size of the implantable device is generally small, so that the size of the integrated coil is also small, and thus the implantable device has a small inductance value, and the size of the inductance is only a few microhenries. For ease of experimentation, the inductance in this implementation was 1.1mH.
And step two, determining the required information transmission rate f of the system in the application. The rate of system transmission is given in units of bit rate. In this embodiment, the bit rate of the system information transmission is equal to the information transmission rate f. The information transmission rate in this embodiment is 10kbps.
And thirdly, determining an information transmission frequency point f 1 according to the information transmission rate f required by the system. The frequency f 1 at which the information is transmitted should be greater than 20 times the information transmission rate f to ensure the quality of the communication. In fact, the larger this multiple, the easier it is for the signal to demodulate at the transmitting end. But too high a frequency causes stress on the signal processing of the implantable device, so taking 20-50 times f as f 1. In fact, the size of the information transmission frequency point should meet the standard of medical electronic equipment, and too high resonance frequency point can cause the increase of the specific absorption rate of electromagnetic waves by human body, thereby endangering the health of patients. In order to facilitate the experiment, the information transmission frequency point f 1 in this embodiment has a size of 1.15MHz.
And step four, after the frequency point f 1 of information transmission is determined, the frequency point f 2 of energy transmission is determined. The size f 2 of the energy transmission frequency point should be less than 1/10 of the information transmission frequency point f 1, the farther the energy is away from the information transmission frequency point, the smaller the influence of the energy transmission frequency point on the information transmission frequency point is, the less noise the information transmission is, and thus the channel has higher channel capacity. The energy transmission link is consistent with the circuit structure of the traditional energy transmission link, and after the energy transmission carrier is received, the carrier is rectified and filtered and then output to the load. In the system constructed in this embodiment, the energy transmission frequency point f 2 has a size of 15.3kHz.
And fifthly, determining the value of the topological capacitance in the CC topological circuit. In the CC topology circuit diagram shown in fig. 1, the capacitor C 1P connected in series with the transmitting coil on the primary side and the capacitor C 1S connected in series with the transmitting coil on the secondary side are equal to each other, so that their values are C 1. The capacitance C 2P on the primary side connected in parallel with the transmitting coil and the capacitance C 2S on the secondary side connected in parallel with the transmitting coil are equal to each other, so that their values are C 2. The two resonance frequency points of the CC topological structure are derived from series resonance and parallel resonance formed by the two capacitors and the transmitting coil. When series resonance occurs, the magnitude of the imaginary impedance of the primary side is 0. When parallel resonance occurs, the magnitude of the imaginary impedance of the primary side is infinity. The CC topology shown in fig. 1 is analyzed for impedance magnitude as seen from the emission source, and the following expression is set forth:
when the denominator of Z P obtained by the above formula is 0, namely:
The imaginary part of impedance Z P is infinite, parallel resonance occurs at this time, and the magnitude of the resonance frequency is:
When the molecule in the expression of Z P is 0, the imaginary impedance of Z P is 0, and the magnitude of the series resonance frequency of the circuit is:
From the f 1、f2 obtained in the third and fourth steps and the f 1、f2 expression obtained above, an expression of C 2 can be obtained:
The magnitude of f 1 herein is 1.15MHz and the magnitude of the main coil inductance L is 1.1mH. The size of C 2 was calculated according to the above equation to be 100pF. In the case where the size of C 2 is determined, the expression of C 1 is as follows:
The magnitude of f 2 herein was 15.3kHz and the capacitance C 1 obtained according to the above formula was 100nF.
Step six, designing a band-stop filter: in the communication system configuration shown in fig. 2, a band reject filter is used to separate the information transmission frequency point f 1 from the energy transmission frequency point f 2, so that the load modulation circuit operates only at the data transmission frequency point f 1 and is not affected by the load of the energy transmission frequency point f 2. The impedance at the frequency point f 1 seen from the transmitting end changes along with the change of the transmitted data, and the impedance at the frequency point f 2 changes little. Therefore, the required cut-off frequencies of the band-stop filters of the data transmission circuit and the energy transmission circuit are the energy transmission frequency f 2 and the data transmission frequency f 1, respectively. The band-stop filter used in this embodiment is an LC parallel resonant circuit, and the resonant frequency f band_stop of the resonator is:
L' is the inductance of the LC resonance circuit and C is the capacitance of the LC resonance circuit. In this embodiment, the cutoff frequency f band_stop1＝f2 =15.3 kHz of the band stop filter 1, the inductance value l=285 uH, and the capacitance value c=380 nF. The cut-off frequency f band_stop2＝f1 =1.15 MHz of the band-stop filter 2, the inductance value l= 11.953uH, the capacitance value c=1 nF.
Step seven, designing a load modulation circuit: the modulation mode of LSK is adopted to change the load, only one electronic switch is needed to change the load modulation, and the triode is used as a switching device needed by the load modulation in the embodiment. Because the signal output by the information transmission band-stop filter is an alternating current signal, in order to make the impedance of the positive half period and the impedance of the negative half period consistent, the size of the load is changed by using a mode that two triodes are connected in parallel.
After the experimental circuit is built, the primary of the communication circuit is excited by two superimposed sine waves, a square wave signal of 10kHz is input to the base electrode of the triode for load modulation, and waveforms observed at two ends of the primary sampling resistor are shown in figure 3. A signal that varies with the signal at the receiving end appears across the primary sampling resistor. When the signal input to the transistor is at a high level, the equivalent impedance at the high frequency point increases, and the impedance reflected to the primary becomes small. The decrease in impedance causes an increase in current at the high frequency point and an increase in voltage of the high frequency component across the sampling resistor. When the signal input to the base of the triode becomes low, the high frequency point equivalent impedance becomes low, the impedance reflected to the secondary becomes large, the current of the high frequency point is reduced, and the high frequency component voltage at both ends of the sampling resistor is increased.
The impedance of the data transmission frequency point is controlled by controlling the conduction mode of the transistor. And receiving signals of the transmitting end by the voltage of the two ends of the sampling resistor of the transmitting end. The data transmission is realized in a load modulation mode without actively transmitting signals by a transmitting end, so that the power consumption and the volume of the system are greatly optimized, and the complexity of the system is reduced.
Claims (1)
1. The method for simultaneously transmitting the dual-carrier wireless energy and the data based on the load modulation is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
Step one, determining an inductance value L of a coil of an implanted device for magnetic coupling wireless power transmission according to an implanted application scene;
Step two, determining the required information transmission rate f of the system in the application;
step three, according to the information transmission rate f required by the system, determining that the information transmission frequency point f 1;f1 is equal to 20-50 times f;
Step four, after the frequency point f 1 of information transmission is determined, the frequency point f 2,f2≤1/10f1 of energy transmission is determined;
step five, determining the value of the topological capacitance in the CC topological circuit: the primary side of the CC topological structure is equal to a capacitor C 1P connected in series with the transmitting coil and the secondary side is equal to a capacitor C 1S connected in series with the transmitting coil, so that the values of the capacitor C 1P and the capacitor C 1S are C 1; the capacitor C 2P of the primary side connected with the transmitting coil in parallel is equal to the capacitor C 2S of the secondary side connected with the transmitting coil in parallel, so that the values of the capacitor C 2P and the capacitor C 2S are C 2; according to f 1、f2 obtained in the third and fourth steps:
According to the above formula After determining the value of C 2, we get/>
Step six, designing a band-stop filter: the information transmission frequency point f 1 and the energy transmission frequency point f 2 are separated by using a band-stop filter, so that the load modulation circuit only operates at the data transmission frequency point f 1 and is not influenced by the load of the energy transmission frequency point f 2; the impedance at the frequency point f 1 seen from the transmitting end changes along with the change of the transmitted data, and the impedance at the frequency point f 2 changes little; therefore, the required cut-off frequencies of the band-stop filters of the data transmission circuit and the energy transmission circuit are the energy transmission frequency f 2 and the data transmission frequency f 1 respectively; the band-reject filter used is an LC parallel resonant circuit, the resonant frequency of the resonatorL' is the inductance of the LC resonance circuit, C is the capacitance of the LC resonance circuit;
step seven, designing a load modulation circuit: the size of the load is changed by adopting an LSK modulation mode, and because the signal output by the information transmission band-stop filter is an alternating current signal, in order to make the impedance of a positive half period and the impedance of a negative half period consistent, the size of the load is changed by using a mode that two triodes are connected in parallel; the impedance of the data transmission frequency point is controlled by controlling the conduction of the transistor; the data transmission is realized in a load modulation mode, the transmitting end is not required to actively transmit signals, and signals of the transmitting end are received by the voltage at the two ends of the sampling resistor of the transmitting end.
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