CN114597963A - Method for hydropower station start-up and shut-down unit to quickly pass through vibration area through AGC - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for enabling a hydropower station start-up and shut-down unit to rapidly pass through a vibration area through AGC (automatic gain control), comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: dividing a stable operation area and a vibration area of the single vibration area unit; step two: the AGC vibration area of the unit is divided again; step three: solving the joint vibration area; step four: setting an adjustable output uploading scheduling strategy of the unit; step five: setting a starting-up and stopping criterion; step six: and starting or stopping the unit to rapidly pass through the vibration area according to the AGC up-passing or down-passing vibration area method. The invention aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, a huge hydroelectric generating set is long in vibration area, and the generation plan is prone to be deviated and cannot pass through the vibration area due to factors such as AGC (automatic gain control) adjustment step size limitation, and the like.

Description

Method for hydropower station start-up and shut-down unit to rapidly pass through vibration region through AGC

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydroelectric generation control, and particularly relates to a method for enabling a hydropower station start-up and shut-down unit to quickly pass through a vibration area through AGC.

Background

The hydropower station unit has the characteristics of quick start and stop, high control precision, flexible operation, capability of quickly responding to load change of a power system and the like, and mainly undertakes the tasks of peak regulation and frequency modulation in a power grid. Along with the rapid development of economy, the load peak-valley difference of the power grid is continuously increased, and the peak regulation amplitude is increased. This inevitably results in more frequent start-up and shut-down and also in more intensive passes of the unit through the vibration zone. If an optimization strategy is not adopted, the loss and fatigue of relevant components of the water turbine are accelerated, so that the water turbine set deviates from the optimal operation condition, and even the mechanical part of the set and a workshop are damaged, and the safe and stable operation of a hydropower station is directly influenced.

In consideration of safety, most of the existing large hydropower stations are not put into AGC automatic starting and stopping functions, and the operation of starting and stopping the hydropower units to pass through a vibration area is realized by calculating and manually adjusting the load of each unit in advance by plant station operators according to a power generation plan. Taking a certain step power station as an example, because the peak-valley difference of a power grid is large, in order to respond to the peak-valley change of the power grid, the number of times of starting and stopping 12 hydraulic generator sets in the power station can reach 30 times every day, and the sets frequently pass through a vibration area up and down. The method for penetrating the vibration area comprises the steps that an operator calculates load variation per minute during the period that the unit penetrates the vibration area in advance according to a generator plan, and manually increases the load of the starting unit until the unit penetrates the vibration area, so that the unit can be added into AGC joint control; the method for penetrating the vibration area downwards is that after AGC reduces all unit loads to the upper edge of the unit vibration area, an operator manually exits AGC joint control of the unit to be shut down, and according to load variation per minute during the period of penetrating the vibration area downwards by the unit calculated in advance, the unit to be shut down is manually reduced to below 2% of rated output and then is shut down.

In the prior art, patent document CN202111075475.3 discloses a method for a hydroelectric generating set in a single vibration area to rapidly pass through the vibration area by AGC, and the method uses the following conditions: the unit can only have one continuous vibration area, and secondly, for the giant hydroelectric generating set, because the vibration area is longer, and the power grid is used for ensuring the stability of the system frequency, the adjustment step length of the AGC of the station unit can be limited, the AGC can have the condition that a scheduling set value falls into a unit combined vibration area in the actual adjustment process according to the vibration area crossing method, according to the current AGC anti-misoperation strategy, when the scheduling set value falls into the unit combined vibration area, the AGC can refuse to execute and maintain the output of the whole plant unchanged, so that the generation plan deviation can be caused, and the aim of quickly crossing the vibration area through the AGC in the starting and stopping processes of the hydroelectric generating set can not be achieved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, a huge hydroelectric generating set is long in vibration area, and the generation plan is prone to be deviated and cannot pass through the vibration area due to factors such as AGC (automatic gain control) adjustment step size limitation, and the like.

A method for enabling a hydropower station start-up and shut-down unit to rapidly pass through a vibration area through AGC (automatic gain control), comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: dividing a stable operation area and a vibration area of the single vibration area unit;

step two: the AGC vibration area of the unit is divided again;

step three: solving a combined vibration area;

step four: setting an output-adjustable uploading scheduling strategy of the unit;

step five: setting a starting-up and stopping criterion;

step six: and starting or stopping the unit to rapidly pass through the vibration area according to the AGC up-passing or down-passing vibration area method.

In the second step, a certain value P of rated output of the unit is set_xTo the upper edge P of the vibration area of the unit_vThe load interval between the two is set as an AGC temporary adjustable interval, the AGC vibration area of the unit is divided again, and the unit vibration area U' z under the specific water head after the division is carried out again_iCan be expressed as:

U′_zi＝[0，P_x]

in the formula: p_xThe rated power of the unit.

In the fourth step, after the start-up or shutdown unit rapidly passes through the vibration area mark, the adjustable output of the unit is sent to the dispatching strategy, namely the AGC calculated current adjustable output subtracts the output of the unit in the upper-passing or lower-passing vibration area; and sending the adjustable output uploading scheduling strategy of the unit to the current adjustable output calculated by the AGC after the start-up or shutdown unit rapidly passes through the vibration area mark and exits.

In the fifth step, the AGC automatically compares the total factory allowable output at the current moment with the planned output at the next moment integral point and the planned output at the next two moment integral points on the plan curve at regular intervals, judges whether the start-up and shutdown are needed, and sends the start-up (or shutdown) prompt information to the operator on duty at the station through the computer monitoring system if the start-up and shutdown criteria are met, wherein the start-up and shutdown criteria are as follows:

starting up conditions are as follows:

in the formula: p_tThe planned output for a certain quarter hour;

P_imax(t) the maximum allowable output of the ith unit at the current moment; the value of i is 1-n (n is the number of the grid-connected operation groups);

shutdown conditions:

in the formula: p_tThe planned output for a certain quarter hour; p is_imin(t) is the lowest allowable output of the ith unit at the current moment;

the value of i is 1-n (n is the number of the grid-connected operation groups).

In the sixth step, the following steps are adopted when the starting machine set passes through the vibration area on the AGC:

s1: judging whether the power generation is needed according to the power generation plan curve, if so, sending power generation request information, and entering S2; if not, the AGC distributes the scheduling set value to each unit participating in the AGC to execute according to a preset distribution principle;

s2: starting and connecting the hydropower generating set in advance by plant operators according to the power generation plan curve and the time required by the starting process of the hydropower generating set; the active power of the generator is set to a certain value P of the rated output of the unit after the unit is connected to the grid_x(P given as P_x) Reactive power is set to 0(Q given ═ 0 ma), and the process proceeds to S3;

s3: putting the starting machine set with a vibration area mark, and entering S4;

s4: adding the starting unit into AGC joint control, and entering S5;

s5: automatically correcting the vibration area of the generator set under the current water head by AGC, and entering S6;

s6: the AGC automatically calculates the plant joint vibration area according to the upper limit and the lower limit operation logic of the plant joint vibration area, and the step enters S7;

s7: judging whether a new scheduling set value is issued, if so, entering S8; if not, the process goes to S11;

s8: judging whether the scheduling set value falls into a plant joint vibration area, if so, rejecting execution by AGC and keeping the plant output unchanged; if not, the process goes to S9;

s9: judging whether the increment of the scheduling issued set value is less than or equal to the load transfer step length, if so, entering S10, otherwise, allocating the scheduling set value to each unit participating in AGC by the AGC according to a preset allocation principle by the AGC, delaying for a certain time, and entering S13;

s10: the AGC issues the increment of the scheduling issuing set value to the starting unit for execution, delays for a certain time and enters S13;

s11: judging whether the power which can be reduced by other AGC units except the starting unit is larger than the load transfer step length or not, if so, entering S12, and if not, waiting for dispatching and issuing a new set value;

s12: the AGC automatically increases the starting unit output according to the load transfer step length, simultaneously automatically reduces the output of other added AGC units except the starting unit according to the load transfer step length, delays for a certain time and enters S13;

s13: judging whether the power output of the starting unit is greater than the upper limit of the vibration area before correction, if so, entering S14; if not, the process goes to S7;

s14: exiting the starting unit, passing through a vibration area mark on the AGC, and entering S15;

s15: restoring the vibration area of the generator set opened under the current water head, and entering S16;

s16: recalculating the combined vibration area of the whole plant and entering S17;

s17: and the AGC distributes the scheduling set value to each unit participating in the AGC according to a preset distribution principle to execute.

In the sixth step, the shutdown unit adopts the following steps when passing through the vibration area under the AGC:

s1: judging whether the power generation is needed to be stopped according to the power generation plan curve, if so, sending out stop request information, and entering S2; if not, the AGC distributes the scheduling set value to each unit participating in the AGC to execute according to a preset distribution principle;

s2: the AGC automatically reduces the output of the added AGC set to the lower edge of the operable area according to the scheduling set value, and the step enters S3;

s3: putting the machine into a shutdown unit to pass through a vibration area mark, and entering S4;

s4: correcting the vibration area of the current water head lower stop unit, and entering S5;

s5: the AGC automatically calculates the plant joint vibration area according to the upper limit and the lower limit operation logic of the plant joint vibration area, and the step enters S6;

s6: judging whether a scheduling set value is issued, if so, entering S7; if not, the process goes to S13;

s7: judging whether the scheduling set value falls into a whole plant joint vibration area, if so, refusing to execute, and keeping the whole plant output unchanged; if not, the process goes to S8;

s8: judging whether the decrement of the dispatching and issuing set value is less than or equal to the load transfer step length, if so, entering S9; if not, the AGC distributes the scheduling set value to each unit participating in the AGC to execute according to a preset distribution principle;

s9: judging whether the decrement of the output minus the dispatching and issuing set value of the shutdown unit is more than or equal to a certain value P of the rated output of the unit_xIf yes, go to S10; if not, the process goes to S11;

s10: the AGC distributes the load decrement issued by the dispatching to a shutdown unit for execution, delays for a certain time and enters S6;

s11: judging whether the reducible force of other added AGC units except the shutdown unit is larger than the decrement of the dispatching issuing set value minus a certain value P of the rated force of the unit_xIf yes, go to S12; if not, waiting for scheduling to issue a new set value;

s12: setting the output of the shutdown unit as a certain value P of the rated output of the unit_xMeanwhile, a certain value P of the rated output of the unit is subtracted from the decrement of the dispatching and sending set value_xDistributing the output difference to other AGC units except the shutdown unit for execution, delaying for a certain time, and entering S18;

s13: judging whether the output force which can be increased by other AGC units except the shutdown unit is larger than the load transfer step length, if so, entering S14; if not, waiting for scheduling to issue a new set value;

s14: judging whether the output of the shutdown unit minus the load transfer step length is greater than a certain value P of the rated output of the unit_xIf yes, go to S15; if not, the process goes to S16;

s15: the AGC automatically reduces the output of the shutdown unit according to the load transfer step length, simultaneously automatically increases the output of other AGC units except the shutdown unit according to the load transfer step length, delays for a certain time and enters S6;

s16: judging whether the increased output of other units except the shutdown unit is larger than a certain value P obtained by subtracting the rated output of the unit from the load transfer step length_xIf yes, go to S17; if not, waiting for scheduling to issue a new set value;

s17: setting the output of the shutdown unit to be a certain value P of the rated output of the unit_xMeanwhile, AGC transfers the load step length to a certain value P of the rated output of the unit_xThe output difference is allocated to other added AGC units except the shutdown unit for execution, a certain time is delayed, and the step S18 is carried out;

s18: exiting the AGC joint control of the shutdown unit, and entering S19;

s19: exiting the shutdown unit, passing through a vibration area mark on the AGC, and entering S20;

s20: recovering the vibration area of the engine set opened under the current water head, and entering S21;

s21: recalculating the combined vibration area of the whole plant and entering S22;

s22: the active power of the generator is set to a certain value P of the rated output of the unit_x(P given as P_x) The reactive power is set to 0(Q given ═ 0Mar), and the process proceeds to S23;

s23: and sending a halt command.

The upper limit of the combined vibration area of the whole plant: the upper limit of the combined vibration area of the unit participating in AGC adjustment is generated by adding the sum of the active power of the unit exiting from AGC, and when the unit participating in AGC adjustment has no vibration area, the upper limit is set to be zero;

lower limit of the whole plant combined vibration area: and when the unit combination participating in AGC adjustment has no vibration area, setting the lower limit to be zero.

A method for starting up a unit to pass through an AGC upper-penetrating vibration area comprises the following steps:

step 1: judging whether starting is needed, if so, sending starting request information, and entering the step 2, otherwise, allocating the scheduling set value to each unit participating in AGC by the AGC according to a preset allocation principle by the AGC;

step 2: starting and connecting the hydropower generating set in advance by plant operators according to the power generation plan curve and the time required by the starting process of the hydropower generating set; setting the active power and the reactive power of the generator after grid connection, and entering step 3;

and step 3: putting the starting unit into a vibration area mark, and entering the step 4;

and 4, step 4: adding AGC joint control to the starting unit, and entering the step 5;

and 5: automatically correcting the vibration area of the generator set under the current water head by AGC, and entering the step 6;

step 6: the AGC automatically calculates the plant united vibration area according to the upper limit and the lower limit operation logic of the plant united vibration area, and the step 7 is entered;

and 7: judging whether a new scheduling set value is issued, if so, entering a step 8; if not, entering step 11;

and 8: judging whether the scheduling set value falls into a whole plant joint vibration area, if so, refusing to execute AGC (automatic gain control) and keeping the whole plant output unchanged; if not, entering step 9;

and step 9: judging whether the increment of the scheduling and issuing set value is less than or equal to the load transfer step length, if so, entering step 10, otherwise, distributing the scheduling set value to each unit participating in AGC by AGC according to a preset distribution principle, delaying for a certain time, and entering step 13;

step 10: the AGC issues the increment of the scheduling issuing set value to a starting unit for execution, delays for a certain time and enters step 13;

step 11: judging whether the power which can be reduced by other AGC units except the starting unit is larger than the load transfer step length or not, if so, entering step 12, and if not, waiting for dispatching and issuing a new set value;

step 12: the AGC automatically increases the starting unit output according to the load transfer step length, simultaneously automatically reduces the output of other added AGC units except the starting unit according to the load transfer step length, delays for a certain time and enters the step 13;

step 13: judging whether the output of the starting unit is greater than the upper limit of the vibration area before correction, if so, entering step 14; if not, entering step 7;

step 14: exiting the starting unit and entering step 15 through the AGC upper vibration area mark;

step 15: restoring the vibration area of the engine set opened under the current water head, and entering step 16;

step 16: recalculating the joint vibration area of the whole plant and entering the step 17;

and step 17: and the AGC distributes the scheduling set value to each unit participating in the AGC according to a preset distribution principle to execute.

A method for stopping a unit to pass through an AGC downward-passing vibration area comprises the following steps:

step 1: judging whether the machine needs to be stopped, if so, sending out stop request information, and entering the step 2; if not, the AGC distributes the scheduling set value to each unit participating in the AGC to execute according to a preset distribution principle;

step 2: the AGC automatically reduces the output of the added AGC set to the lower edge of the operable area according to the scheduling set value, and the step 3 is carried out;

and step 3: putting the machine into a shutdown unit to pass through a vibration area mark, and entering the step 4;

and 4, step 4: correcting the vibration area of the current water head lower shutdown unit, and entering the step 5;

and 5: the AGC automatically calculates the plant united vibration area according to the upper limit and the lower limit operation logic of the plant united vibration area, and the step 6 is entered;

step 6: judging whether a scheduling set value is issued, if so, entering a step 7; if not, entering step 13;

and 7: judging whether the scheduling set value falls into a whole plant joint vibration area, if so, refusing to execute, and keeping the whole plant output unchanged; if not, entering step 8;

and 8: judging whether the decrement of the dispatching and issuing set value is less than or equal to the load transfer step length, if so, entering step 9; if not, the AGC distributes the scheduling set value to each unit participating in the AGC to execute according to a preset distribution principle;

and step 9: judging whether the decrement of the output of the shutdown unit minus the dispatching and issuing set value is larger than or equal to a specified value or not, if so, entering the step 10; if not, entering step 11;

step 10: the AGC distributes the load reduction issued by the dispatching to a shutdown unit for execution, delays for a certain time and enters into step 6;

step 11: judging whether the reducible force of other added AGC units except the shutdown unit is larger than the decrement of the scheduling issuing set value minus the specified value or not, if so, entering the step 12; if not, waiting for scheduling to issue a new set value;

step 12: setting the output of the shutdown unit as a target value, distributing the output difference value obtained by subtracting the target value from the decrement of the scheduling issued set value to other AGC units except the shutdown unit for execution, delaying for a certain time, and entering step 18;

step 13: judging whether the increased output of other added AGC units except the shutdown unit is larger than the load transfer step length or not, if so, entering step 14; if not, waiting for scheduling to issue a new set value;

step 14: judging whether the load transfer step length subtracted from the output of the shutdown unit is larger than a target value or not, if so, entering a step 15; if not, entering step 16;

step 15: automatically reducing the output of the shutdown unit by AGC according to the load transfer step length, simultaneously automatically increasing the output of other AGC units except the shutdown unit according to the load transfer step length, delaying for a certain time, and entering the step 6;

step 16: judging whether the increased output force of other units added with AGC units except the shutdown unit is larger than the load transfer step length minus the target value, if so, entering S17; if not, waiting for scheduling to issue a new set value;

and step 17: setting the output of the shutdown unit as a target value, simultaneously allocating the output difference between the load transfer step length and the target value to other added AGC units except the shutdown unit for execution by AGC, delaying for a certain time, and entering step 18;

step 18: quitting the AGC joint control of the shutdown unit, and entering step 19;

step 19: exiting the shutdown unit and entering step 20 through an AGC up-going vibration region mark;

step 20: restoring the vibration area of the engine set opened under the current water head, and entering step 21;

step 21: recalculating the combined vibration area of the whole plant and entering the step 22;

step 22: setting the active power and the reactive power of the generator, and entering step 23;

step 23: and sending a halt command.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

1. the invention ensures that the rated output of the hydroelectric generating set in the single vibration area is a certain value P on the premise of ensuring the real and credible data of the operable area of the unit to be uploaded and dispatched_xTo the upper edge P of the vibration area of the unit_VThe load interval between the starting and stopping units is set as an AGC temporary adjustable interval, so that the function of automatically and quickly passing through the vibration area by AGC is realized.

2. The invention provides a method for enabling a hydropower station start-up and shut-down unit to quickly pass through a vibration region through AGC (automatic gain control) by researching a vibration region of a giant hydroelectric generating set, AGC (automatic gain control) anti-misoperation strategies and related constraint conditions of the unit, and solves the problem that a single-vibration-region hydroelectric generating set cannot pass through vibration due to the fact that a single-vibration-region hydroelectric generating set quickly passes through the vibration region through AGC (application number: CN 202111075475.3).

3. Compared with a method for controlling the unit to pass through the vibration area by manually adjusting the load of the unit, the realization of the function of automatically passing through the vibration area by the AGC greatly improves the load adjusting precision, the adjusting speed and the response time in the starting and stopping processes of the unit.

And 4, the AGC automatically passes through the vibration area, so that the retention time of the unit in the vibration area is shortened, and the damage of the vibration area to the mechanical part and the workshop of the water-turbine generator set is reduced.

And 5, after the AGC automatically passes through the vibration area, the plant station operators do not need to manually calculate the load and the time point distributed by the AGC each time if the unit is started or stopped, and then manually adjust the load of each unit on the monitoring system according to the time point. Greatly reduces the risk and the workload of mistakenly setting values of operators and improves the operation stability of the power station and the system.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the starting-up unit of the present invention passing through the AGC up-going vibration region;

fig. 2 is a flow chart of the shutdown unit passing through the AGC underpass vibration region in the present invention.

Detailed Description

A method for enabling a hydropower station start-up and shut-down unit to rapidly pass through a vibration area through AGC is provided by analyzing a load adjusting process in a unit start-up and shut-down peak shaving process and combining related constraint conditions of a power station and the unit and a vibration area range.

1) Vibration division of unit

The unit is not allowed to operate in a low load region, and the unit has a vibration region in operation and changes along with the change of a water head for various reasonsIf the unit operates in these intervals, the efficiency is low and the safety of the unit is endangered, so that the unit must effectively avoid operating in a vibration area. Therefore, before the hydraulic power plant is put into an Automatic Generation Control (AGC) function, energy characteristic tests and stability tests are carried out on all types of units in the plant in the process of storing water in a reservoir to a normal water storage level, the requirements of a subsequent electric power market are considered according to field performance test results of unit pressure pulsation, vibration, swing, noise, temperature rise and the like, an operation area is divided into a unit stable operation area, a short-time operation area and an operation forbidden area, and the short-time operation area and the operation forbidden area are collectively called as a unit vibration area. For the single-vibration-area hydroelectric generating set, the vibration area of the set is a continuous interval related to the water head, and the vibration area U of a certain set under a specific water head_ziCan be expressed as:

U_zi＝[0，P_zi]

in the formula: p_ziThe upper edge value of a vibration area of a certain unit under a specific water head.

According to the current AGC strategy: the unit can not add AGC joint control when operating in a vibration area, and the unit can add AGC joint control after the unit load is manually adjusted to be out of the vibration area to add AGC joint control, so that the AGC can not automatically pass through the vibration area, in order to realize that the single-vibration-area water-turbine generator set rapidly passes through the vibration area through AGC and prevent the reverse power of the generator, the rated output of the water-turbine generator is 2 percent of the rated output of the water-turbine generator to the upper edge P of the vibration area of the unit_vThe load interval between the units is set as an AGC temporary adjustable interval, the vibration area of the AGC unit is divided again, and the unit vibration area U 'under the specific water head is divided again'_ziCan be expressed as:

U′_zi＝[0，2％P_n]

in the formula: p is_nThe rated power of the unit.

2) Joint vibration zone

The hydropower station computer monitoring system comprehensively calculates an adjustable interval by combining AGC (automatic gain control) input/exit combinations of all the units according to the unit control mode and the current water head, and gives the adjustment upper limit value and the adjustment lower limit value of the whole plant in real time as telemetering data. Meanwhile, the vibration areas above and below the output of the whole plant are comprehensively measured according to the vibration areas above and below the current active power of each unit, and the maximum and minimum boundary values of the vibration areas above and below the output of the whole plant are given in real time as telemetering data. The purpose of setting the combined vibration zone is to ensure the feasibility of dispatching and issuing the target value, namely the active target value can be reasonably distributed among all units of the whole plant, and any unit is ensured not to operate in the vibration zone. If the set value is in the whole plant combined vibration area (namely, the unit vibration area cannot be avoided no matter how the load is distributed), the power plant can refuse to execute the operation to keep the output constant or approach the edge of the operation area closest to the target. Therefore, the feasibility criterion for dispatching and issuing the total active target value can be expressed as follows:

in the formula: p_s(t) scheduling and issuing a target value;

U_zis a combined vibration area of the whole plant;

P_smin(t) is the minimum allowable adjustable output of the whole plant in the period of t;

P_smaxand (t) is the maximum allowable adjustable output of the whole plant in the period of t.

3) Joint vibration zone solution

And calculating a joint vibration area, namely calculating a joint adjustable range, solving the joint vibration area by an operation conversion method of re-dividing a unit vibration area under a specific water head to obtain a complementary set, cross-combining and obtaining a union set of single-machine operable areas and combining a feasible area complementary set. Unit operational area U_yiCan be expressed as:

assuming that the plant has n trains, at a particular head, the plant joint operational area can be expressed as:

and (3) obtaining a complement set for the feasible region of the combined unit, namely obtaining a unit combined vibration region:

4) machine set output adjustable up-sending

The maximum adjustable output of the current water head of the hydroelectric generating set is automatically updated and maintained or manually updated and maintained by a power plant operator in a rolling manner according to the variation of the water head of the reservoir in time, so that the current water head condition is truly reflected by uploading scheduling data.

Because the unit adjustable output is automatically calculated by AGC according to the current water head and then is sent to be scheduled, after the unit AGC vibration area is divided again, the data of the unit vibration area which is uploaded and scheduled is not the real vibration area under the current water head, the whole plant adjustable output of a power station at the scheduling side is calculated wrongly, scheduling is possibly sent to a set value of the power plant and falls into the actual vibration area of the unit, and the safe and stable operation of the unit is further influenced. In order to ensure that the scheduling set value cannot fall into the actual vibration area of the unit, the adjustable output uploading scheduling strategy of the whole plant is as follows during the period that the starting (or stopping) unit passes through the vibration area through AGC: and subtracting the unit output in the upper penetrating (or lower penetrating) vibration area from the current adjustable output calculated by the AGC.

5) AGC quick crossing vibration region mark

In order to ensure that the starting (or stopping) unit can quickly pass through the vibration area through AGC, a mark for quickly passing through the vibration area of the starting and stopping unit is set in an AGC program, the mark has two states of putting in and putting out, and after the mark is put in, the AGC automatically makes the unit in the vibration area U under a specific water head_ziAdjusted to be a specific water head lower vibration area U 'after being divided again'_ziMeanwhile, the AGC automatically adjusts the output of the starting (or stopping) unit and other units added in the AGC joint control unit according to the method that the starting (or stopping) unit passes through the vibration area, and reduces the staying time of the starting (or stopping) unit in the vibration area, thereby achieving the purpose that the starting (or stopping) unit rapidly passes through the vibration area.

6) Criterion for starting up or stopping machine

The power dispatching mechanism compiles a power generation plan curve of the next day and sends the power generation plan curve to each power plant. The daily generation planning curve of the grid-connected power plant (unit) is a function of the planned generation output of the unit on the next day to time, the abscissa of the curve is time, the ordinate of the curve is the planned generation output of the unit, the time (24h) on one day is averagely divided into 96 time periods, each time period is 15 minutes, the starting point is '1 (corresponding time is 00: 15)' and the ending point is '96 (corresponding time is 24: 00'). The planned output of power generation in each minute is determined by linear interpolation between two adjacent points on a power generation plan curve, and the planned output in the t minute after the integral point of a certain quarter of an hour is as follows:

in the formula: p_tThe planned output for the t minute after the whole hour of a certain quarter is given; p_mThe power generation output of a certain 15-minute integral point on the curve is planned for 96 points;

P_m+1the power generation output of the next 15 minutes on the curve is planned for 96 points; and t is 0-14.

In order to avoid the situation that the output of the whole plant deviates from the power generation plan due to the fact that the power generation system is not started and stopped in time when the output of the whole plant is close to the upper limit (or the lower limit) of the adjustable capacity of the whole plant, a start-stop reminding function needs to be set in AGC. And the AGC automatically compares the total plant allowable output at the current moment with the next 15-minute integral point and the next 2 15-minute integral point planned output on the plan curve every 1 minute, judges whether the start-up and shutdown are needed or not, and sends a start-up (or shutdown) prompt message to a plant station attendant through a computer monitoring system if the start-up and shutdown criteria are met. The start-up and shutdown criteria are as follows:

starting up conditions are as follows:

in the formula: p_tThe planned output for a certain quarter hour;

P_imax(t) the maximum allowable output of the ith unit at the current moment;

the value of i is 1-n (n is the number of the grid-connected operation groups).

Shutdown conditions:

in the formula: p_tThe planned output for a certain quarter hour;

P_imin(t) is the lowest allowable output of the ith unit at the current moment; the value of i is 1-n (n is the number of the grid-connected operation groups).

7) Starting up (stopping) the unit according to the starting-up and stopping criterion and rapidly passing through the vibration area according to an AGC (automatic gain control) up-passing (down-passing) vibration area method;

the method comprises the following specific steps:

the method for starting the unit to pass through the AGC upper vibration area comprises the following steps:

s1: judging whether the power generation is needed according to the power generation plan curve, if so, sending power generation request information, and entering S2; if not, the AGC distributes the scheduling set value to each unit participating in the AGC to execute according to a preset distribution principle;

s2: starting and connecting the hydropower generating set in advance by plant operators according to the power generation plan curve and the time required by the starting process of the hydropower generating set; after the unit is connected to the power grid, the active power of the generator is set to be 2% of rated power (Pgiven is 2% P)_n) The reactive power is set to 0(Q given ═ 0Mar), and the process proceeds to S3;

s3: putting the power-on unit into a vibration area mark, and entering S4;

s4: adding the starting unit into AGC joint control, and entering S5;

s5: automatically correcting the vibration area of the generator set under the current water head by AGC, and entering S6;

s6: AGC automatically calculates the whole plant joint vibration area according to the upper limit and the lower limit operation logic of the whole plant joint vibration area, and the step enters S7;

the upper limit of the combined vibration area of the whole plant: the upper limit of the whole plant combined vibration area is generated by adding the active power sum of the AGC exiting unit to the upper limit of the unit vibration area participating in AGC adjustment, and when the unit combination participating in AGC adjustment has no vibration area, the value is set to be zero;

lower limit of the whole plant combined vibration area: and when the unit combination participating in AGC adjustment has no vibration area, setting the lower limit to be zero.

S7: judging whether a new scheduling set value is issued, if so, entering S8; if not, the process goes to S11;

s8: judging whether the scheduling set value falls into a plant joint vibration area, if so, rejecting execution by AGC and keeping the plant output unchanged; if not, the process goes to S9;

s9: judging whether the increment of the scheduling issued set value is less than or equal to the load transfer step length, if so, entering S10, otherwise, distributing the scheduling set value to each unit participating in AGC by the AGC according to a preset distribution principle by the AGC, delaying for 20S, and entering S13;

s10: the AGC issues the increment of the scheduling issuing set value to the starting unit for execution, delays for 20S and enters S13;

s11: judging whether the power which can be reduced by other AGC units except the starting unit is larger than the load transfer step length or not, if so, entering S12, and if not, waiting for dispatching and issuing a new set value;

s12: the AGC automatically increases the output of the starting machine set according to the load transfer step length, simultaneously automatically reduces the output of other added AGC machine sets except the starting machine set according to the load transfer step length, delays for 20S and enters S13;

s13: judging whether the power output of the starting unit is greater than the upper limit of the vibration area before correction, if so, entering S14; if not, the process goes to S7;

s14: exiting the starting unit, passing through a vibration area mark on the AGC, and entering S15;

s15: recovering the vibration area of the engine set opened under the current water head, and entering S16;

s16: recalculating the combined vibration area of the whole plant and entering S17;

s17: and the AGC distributes the scheduling set value to each unit participating in the AGC according to a preset distribution principle to execute.

The method for enabling the shutdown unit to pass through the vibration area under the AGC comprises the following steps:

s1: judging whether the power generation is needed to be stopped according to the power generation plan curve, if so, sending out stop request information, and entering S2; if not, the AGC distributes the scheduling set value to each unit participating in the AGC to execute according to a preset distribution principle;

s2: the AGC automatically reduces the output of the added AGC set to the lower edge of the operable area according to the scheduling set value, and the step enters S3;

s3: putting the machine into a shutdown unit to pass through a vibration area mark, and entering S4;

s4: correcting the vibration area of the current water head lower stop unit, and entering S5;

s5: the AGC automatically calculates the plant joint vibration area according to the upper limit and the lower limit operation logic of the plant joint vibration area, and the step enters S6;

the upper limit of the combined vibration area of the whole plant: the upper limit of the combined vibration area of the unit participating in AGC adjustment is generated by adding the sum of the active power of the unit exiting from AGC, and when the unit participating in AGC adjustment has no vibration area, the upper limit is set to be zero;

lower limit of the whole plant combined vibration area: and when the unit combination participating in AGC adjustment has no vibration area, setting the lower limit to be zero.

S6: judging whether a scheduling set value is issued, if so, entering S7; if not, the process goes to S13;

s7: judging whether the scheduling set value falls into a whole plant joint vibration area, if so, refusing to execute, and keeping the whole plant output unchanged; if not, entering S8;

s8: judging whether the decrement of the dispatching and issuing set value is less than or equal to the load transfer step length, if so, entering S9; if not, the AGC distributes the scheduling set value to each unit participating in the AGC to execute according to a preset distribution principle;

s9: judging whether the decrement of the output of the shutdown unit minus the dispatching and issuing set value is more than or equal to 2% Pn, if so, entering S10; if not, the process goes to S11;

s10: the AGC distributes the load decrement issued by the dispatching to a shutdown unit for execution, delays the execution for 20 seconds and enters S6;

s11: judging whether the power which can be reduced by other units added with the AGC unit except the shutdown unit is larger than the reduction of the dispatching issuing set value minus 2% Pn, if so, entering S12; if not, waiting for scheduling to issue a new set value;

s12: setting the output of the shutdown unit to be 2% Pn, simultaneously distributing the output difference value obtained by subtracting 2% Pn from the decrement of the scheduling issued set value to other units except the shutdown unit and adding an AGC unit for execution, delaying for 20 seconds, and entering S18;

s13: judging whether the increased output force of other added AGC units except the shutdown unit is larger than the load transfer step length, if so, entering S14; if not, waiting for scheduling to issue a new set value;

s14: judging whether the load transfer step length subtracted from the output force of the shutdown unit is larger than 2% Pn, if so, entering S15; if not, the process goes to S16;

s15: automatically reducing the output of the shutdown unit by AGC according to the load transfer step length, simultaneously automatically increasing the output of other AGC units except the shutdown unit according to the load transfer step length, delaying for 20 seconds, and entering S6;

s16: judging whether the added AGC unit can increase the output force to be larger than the load transfer step length minus 2% Pn except the shutdown unit, if so, entering S17; if not, waiting for scheduling to issue a new set value;

s17: setting the output of the shutdown unit to be 2% Pn, simultaneously allocating the load transfer step length and the output difference of the 2% Pn to other added AGC units except the shutdown unit for execution by AGC, delaying for 20 seconds, and entering S18;

s18: exiting the AGC joint control of the shutdown unit, and entering S19;

s19: exiting the shutdown unit, passing through a vibration area mark on the AGC, and entering S20;

s20: recovering the vibration area of the engine set opened under the current water head, and entering S21;

s21: recalculating the combined vibration area of the whole plant and entering S22;

s22: the generator active power is set to 2% of rated power (Pgiven 2% P)_n) Without, at the same timeWork power is set to 0(Q given ═ 0Mar), and the process proceeds to S23;

s23: and sending a halt command.

In order to facilitate a better understanding of the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art, the following examples are provided to illustrate

The method comprises the following steps: dividing a single-vibration-area unit stable operation area and a single-vibration-area unit stable operation area according to field performance test results such as unit pressure pulsation, vibration, throw, noise, temperature rise and the like and considering requirements of a subsequent power market;

step two: the method comprises the steps of repartitioning a unit vibration area, setting a load interval between 2% of rated output of the unit and an upper edge Pv of the unit vibration area as an AGC temporary adjustable interval, repartitioning the unit AGC vibration area, and repartitioning the unit AGC vibration area under a specific water head unit vibration area U'_ziCan be expressed as:

U′_zi＝[0，2％P_n]

in the formula: p_nThe rated power of the unit.

Step three: and (5) solving a joint vibration region. And the AGC automatically calculates the whole plant joint vibration area under a specific water head by using a joint vibration area solving method according to the unit control mode and the water head.

Step four: and setting an adjustable output uploading scheduling strategy of the unit. After the starting (or stopping) unit rapidly passes through the vibration area mark and is put into use, the adjustable output of the unit is sent to a dispatching strategy, and the output of the unit in the upper-passing (or lower-passing) vibration area is subtracted from the current adjustable output calculated by AGC. And sending the adjustable output of the unit to the dispatching strategy calculated by the AGC after the unit is started (or stopped) and rapidly passes through the vibration area mark to exit.

Step five: and setting a starting-up and stopping criterion. And the AGC automatically compares the total plant allowable output at the current moment with the next 15-minute integral point and the next 2 15-minute integral point planned output on the plan curve every 1 minute, judges whether the start-up and shutdown are needed or not, and sends a start-up (or shutdown) prompt message to a plant station attendant through a computer monitoring system if the start-up and shutdown criteria are met. The start-up and shutdown criteria are as follows:

starting up conditions:

in the formula: p_tThe planned output for a certain quarter hour;

P_imax(t) the maximum allowable output of the ith unit at the current moment;

the value of i is 1-n (n is the number of the grid-connected operation groups).

Shutdown conditions:

in the formula: p_tThe planned output for a certain quarter hour;

P_imin(t) is the lowest allowable output of the ith unit at the current moment;

the value of i is 1-n (n is the number of the grid-connected operation groups).

Step six: and (4) starting up (stopping) the unit to quickly pass through the vibration area according to an AGC (automatic gain control) up-passing (down-passing) vibration area method.

As shown in fig. 1, the steps of the starting unit executed in detail through the AGC up-through vibration region are as follows:

s1: judging whether the power generation is needed according to the power generation plan curve, if so, sending power generation request information, and entering S2; if not, the AGC distributes the scheduling set value to each unit participating in the AGC to execute according to a preset distribution principle;

s2: starting and connecting the hydropower generating set in advance by plant operators according to the power generation plan curve and the time required by the starting process of the hydropower generating set; after the unit is connected to the power grid, the active power of the generator is set to be 2% of rated power (Pgiven is 2% P)_n) The reactive power is set to 0(Q given ═ 0Mar), and the process proceeds to S3;

s3: putting the starting machine set with a vibration area mark, and entering S4;

s4: adding the starting unit into AGC joint control, and entering S5;

s5: automatically correcting the vibration area of the generator set under the current water head by AGC, and entering S6;

s6: the AGC automatically calculates the plant joint vibration area according to the upper limit and the lower limit operation logic of the plant joint vibration area, and the step enters S7;

the upper limit of the combined vibration area of the whole plant: the upper limit of the combined vibration area of the unit participating in AGC adjustment is generated by adding the sum of the active power of the unit exiting from AGC, and when the unit participating in AGC adjustment has no vibration area, the upper limit is set to be zero;

lower limit of the whole plant combined vibration area: and when the unit combination participating in AGC adjustment has no vibration area, setting the lower limit to be zero.

S7: judging whether a new scheduling set value is issued, if so, entering S8; if not, the process goes to S11;

s8: judging whether the scheduling set value falls into a plant joint vibration area, if so, rejecting execution by AGC and keeping the plant output unchanged; if not, the process goes to S9;

s9: judging whether the increment of the scheduling issued set value is less than or equal to the load transfer step length, if so, entering S10, otherwise, distributing the scheduling set value to each unit participating in AGC by the AGC according to a preset distribution principle by the AGC, delaying for 20S, and entering S13;

s10: the AGC issues the increment of the scheduling issuing set value to the starting unit for execution, delays for 20S and enters S13;

s11: judging whether the reducible power of other added AGC units is larger than the load transfer step length or not, if so, entering the AGC unit

S12, if not, waiting for dispatching and issuing a new set value;

s12: the AGC automatically increases the output of the starting machine set according to the load transfer step length, simultaneously automatically reduces the output of other added AGC machine sets except the starting machine set according to the load transfer step length, delays for 20S and enters S13;

s13: judging whether the power output of the starting unit is greater than the upper limit of the vibration area before correction, if so, entering S14; if not, the process goes to S7;

s14: exiting the starting unit, passing through a vibration area mark on the AGC, and entering S15;

s15: recovering the vibration area of the engine set opened under the current water head, and entering S16;

s16: recalculating the combined vibration area of the whole plant and entering S17;

s17: and the AGC distributes the scheduling set value to each unit participating in the AGC according to a preset distribution principle to execute.

As shown in fig. 2, the shutdown unit performs the following steps in detail through the AGC underpass vibration region:

s1: judging whether the power generation is needed to be stopped according to the power generation plan curve, if so, sending out stop request information, and entering S2; if not, the AGC distributes the scheduling set value to each unit participating in the AGC to execute according to a preset distribution principle;

s2: the AGC automatically reduces the output of the added AGC set to the lower edge of the operable area according to the scheduling set value, and the step enters S3;

s3: putting the machine into a shutdown unit to pass through a vibration area mark, and entering S4;

s4: correcting the vibration area of the current lower water head shutdown unit, and entering S5;

s5: the AGC automatically calculates the plant joint vibration area according to the upper limit and the lower limit operation logic of the plant joint vibration area, and the step enters S6;

the upper limit of the combined vibration area of the whole plant: the upper limit of the combined vibration area of the unit participating in AGC adjustment is generated by adding the sum of the active power of the unit exiting from AGC, and when the unit participating in AGC adjustment has no vibration area, the upper limit is set to be zero;

lower limit of the whole plant combined vibration area: and when the unit combination participating in AGC adjustment has no vibration area, setting the lower limit to be zero.

S6: judging whether a scheduling set value is issued, if so, entering S7; if not, the process goes to S13;

s7: judging whether the scheduling set value falls into a whole plant joint vibration area, if so, refusing to execute, and keeping the whole plant output unchanged; if not, the process goes to S8;

s8: judging whether the decrement of the dispatching and issuing set value is less than or equal to the load transfer step length, if so, entering S9; if not, the AGC distributes the scheduling set value to each unit participating in the AGC to execute according to a preset distribution principle;

s9: judging whether the decrement of the output of the shutdown unit minus the dispatching and issuing set value is more than or equal to 2% Pn, if so, entering S10; if not, the process goes to S11;

s10: the AGC distributes the load decrement issued by the dispatching to a shutdown unit for execution, delays for 20 seconds and enters S6;

s11: judging whether the power which can be reduced by other units added with the AGC unit except the shutdown unit is larger than the reduction of the dispatching issuing set value minus 2% Pn, if so, entering S12; if not, waiting for scheduling to issue a new set value;

s12: setting the output of the shutdown unit to be 2% Pn, simultaneously distributing the output difference value obtained by subtracting 2% Pn from the decrement of the scheduling issued set value to other units except the shutdown unit and adding an AGC unit for execution, delaying for 20 seconds, and entering S18;

s13: judging whether the increased output force of other added AGC units except the shutdown unit is larger than the load transfer step length, if so, entering S14; if not, waiting for scheduling to issue a new set value;

s14: judging whether the load transfer step length subtracted from the output of the shutdown unit is greater than 2% Pn, if so, entering S15; if not, the process goes to S16;

s15: automatically reducing the output of the shutdown unit by AGC according to the load transfer step length, simultaneously automatically increasing the output of other AGC units except the shutdown unit according to the load transfer step length, delaying for 20 seconds, and entering S6;

s16: judging whether the added AGC unit can increase the output force to be larger than the load transfer step length minus 2% Pn except the shutdown unit, if so, entering S17; if not, waiting for scheduling to issue a new set value;

s17: setting the output of the shutdown unit to be 2% Pn, simultaneously allocating the load transfer step length and the output difference of the 2% Pn to other added AGC units except the shutdown unit for execution by AGC, delaying for 20 seconds, and entering S18;

s18: exiting the AGC joint control of the shutdown unit, and entering S19;

s19: exiting the shutdown unit, passing through a vibration area mark on the AGC, and entering S20;

s20: recovering the vibration area of the engine set opened under the current water head, and entering S21;

s21: recalculating the combined vibration area of the whole plant and entering S22;

s22: the generator active power is set to 2% of rated power (Pgiven 2% P)_n) The reactive power is set to 0(Q given ═ 0Mar), and the process proceeds to S23;

s23: and sending a halt command.

Claims (9)

1. A method for enabling a hydropower station start-up and shut-down unit to rapidly pass through a vibration area through AGC (automatic gain control), is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: dividing a stable operation area and a vibration area of the single vibration area unit;

step two: the AGC vibration area of the unit is divided again;

step three: solving a combined vibration area;

step four: setting an adjustable output uploading scheduling strategy of the unit;

step five: setting a starting-stopping criterion;

step six: and starting or stopping the unit to rapidly pass through the vibration area according to the AGC up-passing or down-passing vibration area method.

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step two a certain value P of the rated output of the unit is assigned_xTo the upper edge P of the vibration area of the unit_vThe load interval between the units is set as an AGC temporary adjustable interval, the unit AGC vibration area is divided again, and the unit vibration area U 'is arranged under the specific water head after the division again'_ziCan be expressed as:

U′_zi＝[0,P_x]

in the formula: p_xIs a certain value of rated output of the unit.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step four, after the start-up or shutdown unit rapidly crosses the vibration region mark, the unit adjustable output upload scheduling strategy subtracts the output of the unit in the up-through or down-through vibration region from the current adjustable output calculated by the AGC; and sending the adjustable output uploading scheduling strategy of the unit to the current adjustable output calculated by the AGC after the start-up or shutdown unit rapidly passes through the vibration area mark and exits.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein in step five, the AGC automatically compares the total plant allowable output at the current time with the planned output at the next time and the whole point at the next two times on the planned curve at regular intervals, and determines whether the start-up and shut-down are required, if the start-up and shut-down criteria are met, the computer monitoring system sends a prompt message for starting up (or shutting down) to the plant station operator, and the start-up and shut-down criteria are as follows:

starting up conditions are as follows:

in the formula: p is_tThe planned output for a certain quarter hour;

P_imax(t) the maximum allowable output of the ith unit at the current moment; the value of i is 1-n (n is the number of the grid-connected operation groups);

shutdown conditions:

in the formula: p_tThe planned output for a certain quarter hour; p_imin(t) is the lowest allowable output of the ith unit at the current moment;

the value of i is 1-n (n is the number of the grid-connected operation groups).

5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step six, the following steps are adopted when the starting-up unit passes through the vibration region on the AGC:

s1: judging whether the power generation is needed according to the power generation plan curve, if so, sending power generation request information, and entering S2; if not, the AGC distributes the scheduling set value to each unit participating in the AGC to execute according to a preset distribution principle;

s2: starting and connecting the hydropower generating set in advance by plant operators according to the power generation plan curve and the time required by the starting process of the hydropower generating set; the active power of the generator is set to a certain value P of the rated output of the unit after the unit is connected to the grid_xThe reactive power is set to 0, and the process proceeds to S3;

s3: putting the starting machine set with a vibration area mark, and entering S4;

s4: adding the starting unit into AGC joint control, and entering S5;

s5: automatically correcting the vibration area of the generator set under the current water head by AGC, and entering S6;

s6: the AGC automatically calculates the plant joint vibration area according to the upper limit and the lower limit operation logic of the plant joint vibration area, and the step enters S7;

s7: judging whether a new scheduling set value is issued, if so, entering S8; if not, the process goes to S11;

s8: judging whether the scheduling set value falls into a plant joint vibration area, if so, rejecting execution by AGC and keeping the plant output unchanged; if not, the process goes to S9;

s9: judging whether the increment of the scheduling issued set value is less than or equal to the load transfer step length, if so, entering S10, otherwise, allocating the scheduling set value to each unit participating in AGC by the AGC according to a preset allocation principle by the AGC, delaying for a certain time, and entering S13;

s10: the AGC issues the increment of the scheduling issuing set value to the starting unit for execution, delays for a certain time and enters S13;

s11: judging whether the power which can be reduced by other AGC units except the starting unit is larger than the load transfer step length or not, if so, entering S12, and if not, waiting for dispatching and issuing a new set value;

s12: the AGC automatically increases the output of the starting machine set according to the load transfer step length, simultaneously automatically reduces the output of other added AGC machine sets except the starting machine set according to the load transfer step length, delays for a certain time and enters S13;

s13: judging whether the power output of the starting unit is greater than the upper limit of the vibration area before correction, if so, entering S14; if not, the process goes to S7;

s14: exiting the starting unit, passing through a vibration area mark on the AGC, and entering S15;

s15: recovering the vibration area of the engine set opened under the current water head, and entering S16;

s16: recalculating the combined vibration area of the whole plant and entering S17;

s17: and the AGC distributes the scheduling set value to each unit participating in the AGC according to a preset distribution principle to execute.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein in step six, the following steps are taken to shut down the unit as it passes through the oscillation region under the AGC:

s1: judging whether the power generation is needed to be stopped according to the power generation plan curve, if so, sending out stop request information, and entering S2; if not, the AGC distributes the scheduling set value to each unit participating in the AGC to execute according to a preset distribution principle;

s2: the AGC automatically reduces the output of the added AGC set to the lower edge of the operable area according to the scheduling set value, and the step enters S3;

s3: putting the machine into a shutdown unit to pass through a vibration area mark, and entering S4;

s4: correcting the vibration area of the current water head lower stop unit, and entering S5;

s5: the AGC automatically calculates the plant joint vibration area according to the upper limit and the lower limit operation logic of the plant joint vibration area, and the step enters S6;

s6: judging whether a scheduling set value is issued, if so, entering S7; if not, the process goes to S13;

s7: judging whether the scheduling set value falls into a whole plant joint vibration area, if so, refusing to execute, and keeping the whole plant output unchanged; if not, the process goes to S8;

s8: judging whether the decrement of the dispatching and issuing set value is less than or equal to the load transfer step length, if so, entering S9; if not, the AGC distributes the scheduling set value to each unit participating in the AGC to execute according to a preset distribution principle;

s9: judging whether the decrement of the output minus the dispatching and issuing set value of the shutdown unit is more than or equal to a certain value P of the rated output of the unit_xIf yes, go to S10; if not, the process goes to S11;

s10: the AGC distributes the load decrement issued by the dispatching to a shutdown unit for execution, delays for a certain time and enters S6;

s11: judging whether the reducible force of other added AGC units except the shutdown unit is larger than the decrement of the dispatching issuing set value minus a certain value P of the rated force of the unit_xIf yes, go to S12; if not, waiting for scheduling to issue a new set value;

s12: setting the output of the shutdown unit to be a certain value P of the rated output of the unit_xMeanwhile, a certain value P of the rated output of the unit is subtracted from the decrement of the dispatching and sending set value_xDistributing the output difference to other AGC units except the shutdown unit for execution, delaying for a certain time, and entering S18;

s13: judging whether the increased output force of other added AGC units except the shutdown unit is larger than the load transfer step length, if so, entering S14; if not, waiting for scheduling to issue a new set value;

s14: judging whether the output of the shutdown unit minus the load transfer step length is greater than a certain value P of the rated output of the unit_xIf yes, go to S15; if not, the process goes to S16;

s15: the AGC automatically reduces the output of the shutdown unit according to the load transfer step length, simultaneously automatically increases the output of other AGC units except the shutdown unit according to the load transfer step length, delays for a certain time and enters S6;

s16: judging whether the increased output of other units except the shutdown unit is larger than a certain value P obtained by subtracting the rated output of the unit from the load transfer step length_xIf yes, go to S17; if not, waiting for scheduling to issue a new set value;

s17: setting the output of the shutdown unit to be a certain value P of the rated output of the unit_xMeanwhile, AGC transfers the load step length to a certain value P of the rated output of the unit_xThe output difference is allocated to other added AGC units except the shutdown unit for execution, a certain time is delayed, and the step S18 is carried out;

s18: exiting the AGC joint control of the shutdown unit, and entering S19;

s19: exiting the shutdown unit, passing through a vibration area mark on the AGC, and entering S20;

s20: recovering the vibration area of the engine set opened under the current water head, and entering S21;

s21: recalculating the combined vibration area of the whole plant and entering S22;

s22: the active power of the generator is set to a certain value P of the rated output of the unit_xThe reactive power is set to 0, and the process proceeds to S23;

s23: and sending a halt command.

7. The method of claim 5 or 6, wherein the combined plant vibration zone has an upper limit of: the upper limit of the whole plant combined vibration area is generated by adding the active power sum of the AGC exiting unit to the upper limit of the unit vibration area participating in AGC adjustment, and when the unit combination participating in AGC adjustment has no vibration area, the value is set to be zero;

lower limit of the whole plant combined vibration area: and when the unit combination participating in AGC adjustment has no vibration area, setting the lower limit to be zero.

8. A method for starting up a unit to pass through an AGC (automatic gain control) upper-penetrating vibration area is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step 1: judging whether starting is needed, if so, sending starting request information, and entering the step 2, otherwise, allocating the scheduling set value to each unit participating in AGC by the AGC according to a preset allocation principle by the AGC;

step 2: starting and connecting the hydropower generating set in advance by plant operators according to the power generation plan curve and the time required by the starting process of the hydropower generating set; setting the active power and the reactive power of the generator after grid connection, and entering step 3;

and step 3: putting the starting unit into a vibration area mark, and entering the step 4;

and 4, step 4: adding AGC joint control to the starting unit, and entering the step 5;

and 5: automatically correcting the vibration area of the generator set under the current water head by AGC, and entering the step 6;

step 6: the AGC automatically calculates the plant united vibration area according to the upper limit and the lower limit operation logic of the plant united vibration area, and the step 7 is entered;

and 7: judging whether a new scheduling set value is issued, if so, entering a step 8; if not, entering step 11;

and 8: judging whether the scheduling set value falls into a plant joint vibration area, if so, rejecting execution by AGC and keeping the plant output unchanged; if not, entering step 9;

and step 9: judging whether the increment of the scheduling and issuing set value is less than or equal to the load transfer step length, if so, entering step 10, otherwise, distributing the scheduling set value to each unit participating in AGC by AGC according to a preset distribution principle, delaying for a certain time, and entering step 13;

step 10: the AGC issues the increment of the scheduling issuing set value to a starting unit for execution, delays for a certain time and enters step 13;

step 11: judging whether the power which can be reduced by other AGC units except the starting unit is larger than the load transfer step length or not, if so, entering step 12, and if not, waiting for dispatching and issuing a new set value;

step 12: the AGC automatically increases the starting unit output according to the load transfer step length, simultaneously automatically reduces the output of other added AGC units except the starting unit according to the load transfer step length, delays for a certain time and enters the step 13;

step 13: judging whether the power output of the starting unit is greater than the upper limit of the vibration area before correction, if so, entering step 14; if not, entering step 7;

step 14: exiting the starting unit and entering step 15 through the AGC upper vibration area mark;

step 15: restoring the vibration area of the generator set opened under the current water head, and entering step 16;

step 16: recalculating the joint vibration area of the whole plant and entering the step 17;

and step 17: and the AGC distributes the scheduling set value to each unit participating in the AGC according to a preset distribution principle to execute.

9. A method for stopping a machine set to pass through an AGC downward vibration area is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1: judging whether the machine needs to be stopped, if so, sending out stop request information, and entering the step 2; if not, the AGC distributes the scheduling set value to each unit participating in the AGC to execute according to a preset distribution principle;

step 2: the AGC automatically reduces the output of the added AGC set to the lower edge of the operable area according to the scheduling set value, and the step 3 is carried out;

and step 3: putting the machine into a shutdown unit to pass through a vibration area mark, and entering the step 4;

and 4, step 4: correcting the vibration area of the current water head lower shutdown unit, and entering the step 5;

and 5: the AGC automatically calculates the plant united vibration area according to the upper limit and the lower limit operation logic of the plant united vibration area, and the step 6 is entered;

step 6: judging whether a scheduling set value is issued, if so, entering a step 7; if not, entering step 13;

and 7: judging whether the scheduling set value falls into a whole plant joint vibration area, if so, refusing to execute, and keeping the whole plant output unchanged; if not, entering step 8;

and 8: judging whether the decrement of the dispatching and issuing set value is less than or equal to the load transfer step length, if so, entering a step 9; if not, the AGC distributes the scheduling set value to each unit participating in the AGC to execute according to a preset distribution principle;

and step 9: judging whether the decrement of the output of the shutdown unit minus the dispatching and issuing set value is larger than or equal to the target value or not, if so, entering the step 10; if not, entering step 11;

step 10: the AGC distributes the load reduction issued by the dispatching to a shutdown unit for execution, delays for a certain time and enters into step 6;

step 11: judging whether the reducible force of other added AGC units except the shutdown unit is larger than the decrement of the scheduling issuing set value minus the specified value or not, if so, entering the step 12; if not, waiting for scheduling to issue a new set value;

step 12: setting the output of the shutdown unit as a target value, distributing the output difference value obtained by subtracting the target value from the decrement of the scheduling issued set value to other AGC units except the shutdown unit for execution, delaying for a certain time, and entering step 18;

step 13: judging whether the increased output of other added AGC units except the shutdown unit is larger than the load transfer step length or not, if so, entering step 14; if not, waiting for scheduling to issue a new set value;

step 14: judging whether the load transfer step length subtracted from the output of the shutdown unit is larger than a target value or not, if so, entering a step 15; if not, entering step 16;

step 15: automatically reducing the output of the shutdown unit by AGC according to the load transfer step length, simultaneously automatically increasing the output of other AGC units except the shutdown unit according to the load transfer step length, delaying for a certain time, and entering the step 6;

step 16: judging whether the increased output force of other units added with the AGC unit except the shutdown unit is larger than the load transfer step length minus the target value, if so, entering S17; if not, waiting for scheduling to issue a new set value;

and step 17: setting the output of the shutdown unit as a target value, simultaneously allocating the output difference between the load transfer step length and the target value to other added AGC units except the shutdown unit for execution by AGC, delaying for a certain time, and entering step 18;

step 18: quitting the AGC joint control of the shutdown unit, and entering step 19;

step 19: exiting the shutdown unit and entering step 20 through an AGC up-going vibration region mark;

step 20: restoring the vibration area of the engine set opened under the current water head, and entering step 21;

step 21: recalculating the combined vibration area of the whole plant and entering the step 22;

step 22: setting the active power and the reactive power of the generator, and entering step 23;

step 23: and sending a halt command.

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