CN114597437A - Metal bipolar plate and direct methanol fuel cell - Google Patents
Metal bipolar plate and direct methanol fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN114597437A CN114597437A CN202210258862.9A CN202210258862A CN114597437A CN 114597437 A CN114597437 A CN 114597437A CN 202210258862 A CN202210258862 A CN 202210258862A CN 114597437 A CN114597437 A CN 114597437A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1009—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with one of the reactants being liquid, solid or liquid-charged
- H01M8/1011—Direct alcohol fuel cells [DAFC], e.g. direct methanol fuel cells [DMFC]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and discloses a metal bipolar plate and a direct methanol fuel cell. The first unipolar plate and the second unipolar plate have the same structure, so only one set of punch forming die is needed, compared with the traditional bipolar plate manufacturing, one set of die can be reduced, and the production cost is reduced. And the methanol flow channel on the front surface of the first unipolar plate corresponds to the air flow channel on the front surface of the second unipolar plate, and the methanol flow field basically covers the whole front surface of the first unipolar plate, so that the heat dissipation and cooling functions are realized, a cooling water flow channel is omitted, the traditional three flow channels are simplified into two flow channels, and the structural complexity is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a metal bipolar plate and a direct methanol fuel cell.
Background
The direct methanol fuel cell is a fuel cell directly using methanol as an anode active material, and is one of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, and the working principle of the direct methanol fuel cell is as follows: in the anode region, after being uniformly distributed by an anode flow field plate, a negative active substance methanol aqueous solution is diffused through an anode diffusion layer and enters an anode catalyst layer (namely an anode electrochemical active reaction region), and an electrochemical oxidation reaction is carried out under the action of a carbon-supported platinum ruthenium electrocatalyst to generate protons, electrons and carbon dioxide, the generated protons migrate to a cathode through a perfluorosulfonic acid membrane polymer electrolyte, the electrons are transferred to the cathode through an external circuit, and the carbon dioxide is discharged from an anode outlet under the help of an acidic electrolyte; in the cathode region, after the anode active substance oxygen or air is uniformly distributed by the cathode flow field plate, the oxygen or air is diffused by the cathode diffusion layer and enters the cathode catalyst layer (namely, the cathode electrochemical active reaction region), and generates electrochemical reduction reaction with protons transferred from the anode under the action of the carbon-supported platinum ruthenium electrocatalyst to generate water which is discharged from the cathode outlet along with reaction tail gas.
The metal bipolar plate is one of key components of a direct methanol fuel cell and provides a place for gas reaction of the fuel cell, the traditional metal bipolar plate is formed by welding and combining two plate types of a cathode plate and an anode plate, the two plate types respectively need a set of stamping and forming die, and the production cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a metal bipolar plate and a direct methanol fuel cell, wherein the metal bipolar plate includes two unipolar plates having the same structure, and therefore only one set of stamping forming mold is required, and the production cost is low.
In order to solve the above problems, according to an aspect of the present application, an embodiment of the present invention provides a metal bipolar plate for a direct methanol fuel cell, the metal bipolar plate including a first unipolar plate and a second unipolar plate having the same structure, a back surface of the first unipolar plate being connected to a back surface of the second unipolar plate, a front surface of the first unipolar plate being a methanol flow field, and a front surface of the second unipolar plate being an air flow field.
In some embodiments, the front faces of the first and second unipolar plates each include an active area, one end of the active area is provided with a first port and a second port, the other end is provided with a third port and a fourth port, the first port, the active area, and the fourth port are in communication in sequence, and the second port, the active area, and the third port are in communication in sequence.
In some embodiments, the first port of the first unipolar plate and the second port of the second unipolar plate are matched to form a methanol inlet, the fourth port of the first unipolar plate and the third port of the second unipolar plate are matched to form a methanol outlet, and the methanol inlet and the methanol outlet are arranged diagonally;
the second port of the first unipolar plate and the first port of the second unipolar plate are matched to form an air inlet, the third port of the first unipolar plate and the fourth port of the second unipolar plate are matched to form an air outlet, and the air inlet and the air outlet are arranged in a diagonal line mode.
In some embodiments, the methanol inlet and the air outlet are symmetrical about a centerline of the long side of the metal bipolar plate, and the air inlet and the methanol outlet are symmetrical about a centerline of the long side of the metal bipolar plate; the methanol inlet and the air inlet are symmetrical with respect to the center line of the short side of the metal bipolar plate, and the methanol outlet and the air outlet are symmetrical with respect to the center line of the short side of the metal bipolar plate.
In some embodiments, the first through opening and the fourth through opening are provided with a first gap bridge structure at one side close to the active area; one sides of the second through hole and the third through hole, which are close to the effective area, are provided with second gap bridge structures; one first gap bridge structure is used for communicating the first through opening and the effective area, and the other first gap bridge structure is used for communicating the effective area and the fourth through opening; one of the second bridge structures is used for communicating the second through opening with the effective area, and the other second bridge structure is used for communicating the effective area with the third through opening.
In some embodiments, the first bridge structure on one side of the first port in the first unipolar plate and the second bridge structure on one side of the second port in the second unipolar plate cooperate to form a first bridge structure of methanol, and the first bridge structure on one side of the fourth port in the first unipolar plate and the second bridge structure on one side of the third port in the second unipolar plate cooperate to form a second bridge structure of methanol;
the second gap bridge structure on one side of the second port in the first unipolar plate and the first gap bridge structure on one side of the first port in the second unipolar plate form a first gap bridge structure of air, and the second gap bridge structure on one side of the third port in the first unipolar plate and the first gap bridge structure on one side of the fourth port in the second unipolar plate form a second gap bridge structure of air.
In some embodiments, the front faces of the first and second unipolar plates each include a first distribution area and a second distribution area, the first distribution area of the first unipolar plate being located between the methanol first bridge structure and the active area, the second distribution area of the first unipolar plate being located between the active area and the methanol second bridge structure;
the first distribution area of the second unipolar plate is located between the first air bridge structure and the active area and the second distribution area of the second unipolar plate is located between the active area and the second air bridge structure.
In some embodiments, the first and second distribution areas each comprise a plurality of distribution area conduits, the active areas each comprise a plurality of active area conduits, the distribution area conduits having a larger diameter on a side closer to the active area than on a side further from the active area, such that the larger diameter distribution area conduit side may cover an inlet or outlet of at least two active area conduits.
In some embodiments, the larger diameter side of each distribution area conduit covers the same number of inlets or outlets of the active area conduit.
According to another aspect of the present application, an embodiment of the present invention provides a direct methanol fuel cell including the metal bipolar plate described above.
Compared with the prior art, the metal bipolar plate has the following beneficial effects:
in the metal bipolar plate provided by the invention, because the structures of the first unipolar plate and the second unipolar plate are completely the same, only one set of punch forming die is needed, compared with the traditional bipolar plate manufacturing, one set of die can be reduced, and the production cost is greatly reduced.
In addition, a cooling water flow channel in the traditional technology is omitted, the cooling water flow channel in the traditional technology is mainly used for cooling heat generated in the reaction process through liquid, the methanol flow channel on the front surface of the first unipolar plate is exactly located at the air flow channel on the front surface of the second unipolar plate corresponding to the methanol flow channel on the front surface of the first unipolar plate due to the fact that the first unipolar plate and the second unipolar plate are completely identical in structure, the methanol flow field basically covers the whole front surface of the first unipolar plate, and the methanol is liquid, so that the methanol cooling device has the functions of heat dissipation and cooling; in the traditional structure, because the coverage area of the methanol flow channel is small and the methanol flow channel is arranged in a staggered way with the air flow channel, the cooling effect by using the methanol is not obvious; therefore, the three traditional flow channels (the methanol flow channel, the cooling water flow channel and the air flow channel) are simplified into two flow channels (the methanol flow channel and the air flow channel), and the structural complexity is reduced.
On the other hand, the direct methanol fuel cell provided by the present invention is designed based on the metal bipolar plate, and the beneficial effects thereof are as described in the metal bipolar plate, and are not repeated herein.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an exploded view of a metallic bipolar plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a front elevational view of a first unipolar plate or a second unipolar plate of a metallic bipolar plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an enlarged partial view of the first unipolar plate or the second unipolar plate of the metallic bipolar plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a gap bridge structure in the first unipolar plate or the second unipolar plate in a metallic bipolar plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a bridge structure in a metallic bipolar plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
figure 6 is a mating view of the distribution and active areas of a metallic bipolar plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a metallic bipolar plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
figure 8 is another schematic structural view of a metallic bipolar plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a partial enlarged view at a in fig. 8.
Wherein:
1. a first unipolar plate; 2. a second unipolar plate; 3. a methanol flow field; 4. an air flow field; 11. an active area; 12. positioning holes; 31. a methanol inlet; 32. a methanol outlet; 33. a methanol first bridge structure; 34. a second methanol bridge structure; 41. an air inlet; 42. an air outlet; 43. an air first gap bridge structure; 44. a second air gap bridge structure; 111. an active area pipeline; 121. a first port; 122. a second port; 123. a third port; 124. a fourth port; 131. a first bridge construction; 132. a second bridge construction; 141. a first distribution area; 142. a second distribution area; 1411. a distribution area conduit.
Detailed Description
To further explain the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined object, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, features and effects according to the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" refers to not necessarily the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "vertical", "lateral", "longitudinal", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not mean that the device or member to which the present invention is directed must have a specific orientation or position, and thus, cannot be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a metal bipolar plate for a direct methanol fuel cell, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the metal bipolar plate includes a first unipolar plate 1 and a second unipolar plate 2 having the same structure, a back surface of the first unipolar plate 1 is connected to a back surface of the second unipolar plate 2, a front surface of the first unipolar plate 1 is a methanol flow field 3, and a front surface of the second unipolar plate 2 is an air flow field 4.
Specifically, the first unipolar plate 1 and the second unipolar plate 2 have the same structure and are formed by stamping with the same die, and a plurality of convex channels are stamped on the front surface of each unipolar plate (the first unipolar plate 1 and the second unipolar plate 2), and correspondingly, a plurality of concave channels are formed on the back surface of each unipolar plate; after the back surface of the first unipolar plate 1 is connected with the back surface of the second unipolar plate 2, a channel is formed between adjacent bulges on the front surface of the first unipolar plate 1, and the channel is used for the circulation of methanol or air, namely a methanol flow field 3 or an air flow field 4; similarly, channels for the circulation of air or methanol, i.e., an air flow field 4 or a methanol flow field 3, are also formed between the adjacent protrusions on the front surface of the second unipolar plate 2. Therefore, the metal bipolar plate provided by the embodiment only needs one set of stamping forming die because the structures of the first unipolar plate 1 and the second unipolar plate 2 are completely the same, and compared with the traditional bipolar plate manufacturing, one set of die can be reduced, and the production cost is greatly reduced.
In the traditional production process, the concept that the metal bipolar plate needs three medium (fuel, catalyst and cooling liquid) inlets and outlets is well established, and because the flow requirements of each medium inlet are greatly different, unipolar plates with different structures are required to be combined; in addition, the traditional metal bipolar plate needs to ensure that the back surfaces of the anode plate and the cathode plate form a cooling water flow field on the premise of meeting the front gas distribution of the anode plate and the cathode plate, and because the metal bipolar plate is formed by a stamping process, the shape of the back surface of the bipolar plate cannot be changed freely under the influence of the front flow field, in order to ensure that the cooling liquid on the back surface can flow from an inlet distribution area to an effective area, the distribution areas of the two bipolar plates need to be made into different structures so as to realize that three media can flow from the corresponding inlet distribution areas to the effective areas; in a word, the traditional production process always insists that the metal bipolar plate needs three medium inlets and outlets, so that the structure of the plate cannot be simplified; the embodiment breaks through the traditional concept, three inlets and outlets are simplified into two inlets and outlets, and after the inlets and outlets are reduced, the adjustable range of the size of each inlet and outlet on the unipolar plate with the same size is enlarged, so that different requirements of different media on flow are met more easily; in addition, since the first unipolar plate 1 and the second unipolar plate 2 have the same structure in this embodiment, the methanol flow channel on the front surface of the first unipolar plate 1 corresponds to the air flow channel on the front surface of the second unipolar plate 2, and the methanol flow field 3 substantially covers the entire front surface of the first unipolar plate 1, and since methanol itself is liquid, the methanol flow field has a heat dissipation and cooling function, and also has a function of a coolant flow field while providing a flow field for methanol.
More specifically, in the related art, after the metal bipolar plate for the direct methanol fuel cell is formed by welding and combining two plate types, namely a cathode plate and an anode plate, three flow channels, namely methanol, cooling water and air, need to be formed, and the structure is complex; after the metal bipolar plate of the embodiment is adopted, a methanol flow channel, namely a methanol flow field 3 is arranged on the front surface of the first unipolar plate 1; an air flow channel, namely an air flow field 4 is arranged on the front surface of the second unipolar plate 2; regarding the cooling water flow channel in the conventional technology, which is mainly used for cooling heat generated in the reaction process through liquid, in this embodiment, because the first unipolar plate 1 and the second unipolar plate 2 have the same structure, the position of the methanol flow channel on the front surface of the first unipolar plate 1 corresponds to the position of the air flow channel on the front surface of the second unipolar plate 2, and the methanol flow field 3 basically covers the whole front surface of the first unipolar plate 1, and because methanol itself is liquid, the cooling water flow channel has the functions of heat dissipation and cooling; in the traditional structure, because the coverage area of the methanol flow channel is small and the methanol flow channel is arranged in a staggered way with the air flow channel, the cooling effect by using the methanol is not obvious; therefore, the three traditional flow channels are simplified into two flow channels, and the complexity of the structure is reduced.
In a specific embodiment:
as shown in fig. 2, the front surfaces of the first unipolar plate 1 and the second unipolar plate 2 each include an effective area 11, as shown in fig. 3, one end of the effective area 11 is provided with a first through-hole 121 and a second through-hole 122, the other end is provided with a third through-hole 123 and a fourth through-hole 124, the first through-hole 121, the effective area 11, and the fourth through-hole 124 are sequentially communicated, and the second through-hole 122, the effective area 11, and the third through-hole 123 are sequentially communicated.
The shapes of the first, second, third, and fourth ports 121, 122, 123, and 124 may be rectangular, trapezoidal, irregular polygonal, or the like, but in any shape, the shapes and sizes of the first, second, third, and fourth ports 121, 122, 123, and 124 must be the same for the first unipolar plate 1 and the second unipolar plate 2 of the same metal bipolar plate. The effective area 11 is a direct current channel, which can ensure the smooth circulation of the methanol liquid.
Specifically, four corners of the first unipolar plate 1 and the second unipolar plate 2 are respectively a first through opening 121, a second through opening 122, a third through opening 123, and a fourth through opening 124, the middle area is the effective area 11, the first through opening 121 and the second through opening 122 are distributed along one side where one short side of the first unipolar plate 1 and the second unipolar plate 2 is located, and the third through opening 123 and the fourth through opening 124 are distributed along one side where the other short side of the first unipolar plate 1 and the second unipolar plate 2 is located. The first and fourth ports 121 and 124 are located at both ends of one diagonal line of the pair of unipolar plates (the first unipolar plate 1 or the second unipolar plate 2), and the second and third ports 122 and 123 are located at both ends of the other diagonal line of the unipolar plates (the first unipolar plate 1 or the second unipolar plate 2).
In the present embodiment, for better explanation, it is assumed that the first port 121 and the second port 122 constitute a first short-side port, the third port 123 and the fourth port 124 constitute a second short-side port, the first port 121 and the third port 123 further constitute a first long-side port, and the second port 122 and the fourth port 124 further constitute a second long-side port; in order to make the metal bipolar plate provided by this embodiment more flexible to use, the inlet and outlet of any one reactant can be exchanged as required, and therefore, the first through opening 121, the second through opening 122, the third through opening 123 and the fourth through opening 124 are all identical in structure, and the first short-side through opening and the second short-side through opening are symmetrical with respect to the center line of the long side, and the first long-side through opening and the second long-side through opening are symmetrical with respect to the center line of the short side.
In a specific embodiment: as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the first port 121 of the first unipolar plate 1 and the second port 122 of the second unipolar plate 2 are matched to form a methanol inlet 31, the fourth port 124 of the first unipolar plate 1 and the third port 123 of the second unipolar plate 2 are matched to form a methanol outlet 32, and the methanol inlet 31 and the methanol outlet 32 are arranged diagonally; the second port 122 of the first unipolar plate 1 and the first port 121 of the second unipolar plate 2 are matched to form an air inlet 41, the third port 123 of the first unipolar plate 1 and the fourth port 124 of the second unipolar plate 2 are matched to form an air outlet 42, and the air inlet 41 and the air outlet 42 are diagonally arranged.
Specifically, since the first unipolar plate 1 and the second unipolar plate 2 are identically structured, when the back surface of the first unipolar plate 1 is connected to the back surface of the second unipolar plate 2, the first through-port 121 of the first unipolar plate 1 and the second through-port 122 of the second unipolar plate 2 are overlapped together as the methanol inlet 31; the fourth port 124 of the first unipolar plate 1 and the third port 123 of the second unipolar plate 2 are overlapped together to form a methanol outlet 32, and the methanol inlet 31 and the methanol outlet 32 are arranged diagonally; the second port 122 of the first unipolar plate 1 and the first port 121 of the second unipolar plate 2 overlap to form the air inlet, the third port 123 of the first unipolar plate 1 and the fourth port 124 of the second unipolar plate 2 overlap to form the air outlet 42, and the air inlet 41 and the air outlet 42 are diagonally disposed.
More specifically, the methanol inlet 31 and the air outlet 42 are symmetrical with respect to the center line of the long side of the metal bipolar plate, and the air inlet 41 and the methanol outlet 32 are symmetrical with respect to the center line of the long side of the metal bipolar plate; the methanol inlet 31 and the air inlet 41 are symmetrical with respect to the center line of the short sides of the metal bipolar plate, and the methanol outlet 32 and the air outlet 42 are symmetrical with respect to the center line of the short sides of the metal bipolar plate; therefore, the metal bipolar plate provided by the embodiment has better flexibility, and the inlet and the outlet of the chemical substances participating in the reaction can be exchanged according to the requirement.
In a specific embodiment:
as shown in fig. 3 to 5, the first through opening 121 and the fourth through opening 124 are provided with a first bridge structure 131 on one side close to the active area 11; a second gap bridge structure 132 is arranged on one side of the second opening 122 and one side of the third opening 123 close to the effective area 11; one of the first bridge structures 131 is used for communicating the first through opening 121 with the effective area 11, and the other first bridge structure 131 is used for communicating the effective area 11 with the fourth through opening 124; one of the second bridge structures 132 is used to communicate the second port 122 with the active area 11, and the other second bridge structure 132 is used to communicate the active area 11 with the third port 123.
More specifically, the second bridge structure 132 includes a first communication bridge and a second communication bridge arranged in parallel, the first bridge structure 131 includes a third communication bridge, and when the back surface of the first unipolar plate 1 is connected to the back surface of the second unipolar plate 2, the first communication bridge, the second communication bridge and the third communication bridge together form a bridge structure for methanol or air, as shown in fig. 5, the first communication bridge, the third communication bridge and the second communication bridge are sequentially communicated inside each other for the circulation of methanol or air, and the circulation direction of the methanol or air is shown by arrows in fig. 5.
In a specific embodiment:
the first bridge structure 131 on one side of the first port 121 in the first unipolar plate 1 and the second bridge structure 132 on one side of the second port 122 in the second unipolar plate 2 are matched to form a first methanol bridge structure 33, and the first bridge structure 131 on one side of the fourth port 124 in the first unipolar plate 1 and the second bridge structure 132 on one side of the third port 123 in the second unipolar plate 2 are matched to form a second methanol bridge structure 34; in this way, the methanol inlet 31 and the effective area 11 are communicated by the methanol first bridge structure 33, and the effective area 11 and the methanol outlet 32 are communicated by the methanol second bridge structure 34, so that the methanol flows in the methanol flow field 3.
The second bridging structure 132 on the side of the second port 122 in the first unipolar plate 1 and the first bridging structure 131 on the side of the first port 121 in the second unipolar plate 2 form the first air bridging structure 43, and the second bridging structure 132 on the side of the third port 123 in the first unipolar plate 1 and the first bridging structure 131 on the side of the fourth port 124 in the second unipolar plate 2 form the second air bridging structure 44; in this way, the air inlet 41 and the active area 11 are communicated by the first air bridge structure 43, and the active area 11 and the air outlet 42 are communicated by the second air bridge structure 44, so that the air flows in the air flow field 4.
And, in order to provide the metal bipolar plate implemented with better flexibility, assuming that the air first bridge structure 43 and the methanol first bridge structure 33 are the first short edge bridge structure, and the air second bridge structure 44 and the methanol second bridge structure 34 are the second short edge bridge structure, the first short edge bridge structure and the second short edge bridge structure are symmetrical about the center line of the long edge of the bipolar plate; assuming that the air first gap bridge structure 43 and the methanol second gap bridge structure 34 are the first long-edge gap bridge structure, and the air second gap bridge structure 44 and the methanol first gap bridge structure 33 are the second long-edge gap bridge structure, the first long-edge gap bridge structure and the second long-edge gap bridge structure are symmetrical about the center line of the short edge of the bipolar plate.
More specifically, the first communication bridge, the second communication bridge and the third communication bridge each include a plurality of bridge piers for circulation of methanol or air, and a distance between adjacent bridge piers and a size of each bridge pier may be adjusted, so that a circulation speed of methanol or air is controlled.
Therefore, the inlet, outlet, distribution area and bridging area of any medium in this embodiment are all symmetrical about the center line of the short side and the center line of the long side, so that the metal bipolar plate provided by this embodiment has higher flexibility, the inlet and outlet can be interchanged, and the fuel flow channel and the catalyst flow channel can also be interchanged; in the traditional technology, because three inlets and outlets are arranged and the two electrode plates forming the three inlets and outlets have different structures, the three electrode plates cannot be symmetrical basically, so that the inlets and the outlets, the fuel flow channel and the catalyst flow channel cannot be exchanged.
In a specific embodiment:
the front faces of the first and second unipolar plates 1, 2 each include a first distribution area 141 and a second distribution area 142, the first distribution area 141 of the first unipolar plate 1 being located between the methanol first bridge structure 33 and the active area 11, the second distribution area 142 of the first unipolar plate 1 being located between the active area 11 and the methanol second bridge structure 34; the first distribution area 141 of the second unipolar plate 2 is located between the first bridge structure of air 43 and the active area 11, and the second distribution area 142 of the second unipolar plate 2 is located between the active area 11 and the second bridge structure of air 44; thus, for the methanol flow field 3, methanol sequentially passes through the methanol inlet 31, the methanol first bridge structure 33, the first distribution area 141, the effective area 11, the second distribution area 142, the methanol second bridge structure 34 and the methanol outlet 32, so that methanol inflow, reaction participation and methanol outflow are realized; of course, the first distribution area 141, the active area 11, and the second distribution area 142 described above refer to those on the first unipolar plate 1; for the air flow field 4, the air flows in, participates in the reaction and flows out through the air inlet 41, the first air bridge structure 43, the first distribution area 141, the effective area 11, the second distribution area 142, the second air bridge structure 44 and the air outlet 42 in sequence; of course, the first distribution area 141, the active area 11, and the second distribution area 142 described above refer specifically to those on the second unipolar plate 2.
In a particular embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the first distribution area 141 and the second distribution area 142 each include a plurality of distribution area conduits 1411, the active areas 11 each include a plurality of active area conduits 111, and the diameters of the distribution area conduits 1411 on the side close to the active areas 11 are larger than the diameters on the side far from the active areas 11, so that the side of the distribution area conduit with the larger diameter can cover the inlets or outlets of at least two active area conduits 111; moreover, the number of inlets or outlets of the effective area conduits 111 covered by the side with the larger diameter of each distribution area conduit 1411 is the same, and may be two, three or four, and the like, and is not limited herein, and in this way, the uniform distribution of the air or the methanol can be achieved. In addition, the effective area pipeline 111 is a straight pipeline, so that smooth circulation of liquid methanol can be ensured.
In addition, when concrete implementation, the back of first unipolar plate 1 and second unipolar plate 2 is together fixed through the welded mode, second unipolar plate 2 rotates 180 back along long edge direction promptly and welds together with first unipolar plate, in order to guarantee that first unipolar plate 1 and second unipolar plate 2 can perfectly match when welding, all set up locating hole 12 on four angles of first unipolar plate 1 and second unipolar plate 2, weld after it through the four limits of locating hole 12 with first unipolar plate 1 and second unipolar plate 2.
In addition, in order to clearly see the structure of the present invention, the same repeated structure is omitted in the drawings of the present invention, for example, the effective zone 11 in fig. 1, 2, 7 and 8 is omitted, the effective zone 11 includes a plurality of effective zone conduits 111, and the effective zone conduits 111 substantially cover the area in the short side direction of the front surface of the first unipolar plate 1 or the second unipolar plate 2; the first distribution area 141 and the second distribution area 142 also omit a part of the distribution area pipe 1411, and all the distribution area pipes 1411 constitute a first distribution area 141 or a second distribution area 142 having a right triangle shape, the hypotenuse of which communicates with the effective area pipe 111; however, for better understanding, the first distribution area 141 in fig. 6 is not omitted, and the effective area pipe 111 connected to the first distribution area 141 is also not omitted.
The working principle of the metal bipolar plate provided by the embodiment is as follows:
the liquid methanol fuel enters the first distribution area 141 through the methanol inlet 31 and the methanol first bridge structure 33, then diffuses to the effective area 11, participates in corresponding reaction, and then is discharged through the second distribution area 142, the methanol second bridge structure 34 and the methanol outlet 32 in sequence; meanwhile, the air enters the first distribution area 141 of the second unipolar plate 2 through the air inlet 41 and the air first bridging structure 43, is further diffused to the active area 11 of the second unipolar plate 2, participates in the corresponding reaction, and is then sequentially discharged through the second distribution area 142, the air second bridging structure 44 and the air outlet 42.
In the above process: firstly, the first single-pole plate and the second single-pole plate are completely the same in structure and are formed by stamping with the same die, so that the cost is saved; secondly, the position of the methanol flow channel on the front surface of the first unipolar plate corresponds to the position of the air flow channel on the front surface of the second unipolar plate, the methanol flow field basically covers the whole front surface of the first unipolar plate, and the methanol is liquid, so that the methanol-methanol composite membrane has the functions of heat dissipation and temperature reduction, a cooling liquid channel is omitted, and the structural complexity is reduced; in addition, the two inlets (the methanol inlet and the air inlet), the two outlets (the methanol outlet and the air outlet), the bridge structure and the distribution area for the methanol circulation, and the bridge structure and the distribution area for the air circulation are symmetrical about the center line of the long side and the center line of the short side of the unipolar plate, so that the single-pole plate is more flexible to use; and the inlets or outlets of the effective area pipelines covered by the side with the larger diameter of each distribution area pipeline are the same in number, so that the uniform distribution of the air and the methanol can be realized.
Example 2
This example provides a direct methanol fuel cell comprising the metallic bipolar plate of example 1.
In the embodiment, the metal bipolar plate in the embodiment 1 is applied to a direct methanol fuel cell, so that the structure is simple and the cost is low; and the methanol and the air which participate in the reaction can be uniformly mixed, so that the direct methanol fuel cell has better performance.
In summary, it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the advantageous technical features described above can be freely combined and superimposed without conflict.
The present invention is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments shown, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The metal bipolar plate is characterized by comprising a first unipolar plate (1) and a second unipolar plate (2) which are identical in structure, wherein the back surface of the first unipolar plate (1) is connected with the back surface of the second unipolar plate (2), the front surface of the first unipolar plate (1) is a methanol flow field (3), and the front surface of the second unipolar plate (2) is an air flow field (4).
2. Metallic bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the front faces of the first unipolar plate (1) and the second unipolar plate (2) each comprise an active area (11), one end of the active area (11) being provided with a first through opening (121) and a second through opening (122), the other end being provided with a third through opening (123) and a fourth through opening (124), the first through opening (121), the active area (11) and the fourth through opening (124) being in communication in sequence, the second through opening (122), the active area (11) and the third through opening (123) being in communication in sequence.
3. The metallic bipolar plate of claim 2, wherein the first port (121) of the first unipolar plate (1) and the second port (122) of the second unipolar plate (2) are matched to form a methanol inlet (31), the fourth port (124) of the first unipolar plate (1) and the third port (123) of the second unipolar plate (2) are matched to form a methanol outlet (32), and the methanol inlet (31) and the methanol outlet (32) are diagonally arranged;
the air outlet structure is characterized in that an air inlet (41) is formed after the second port (122) of the first unipolar plate (1) and the first port (121) of the second unipolar plate (2) are matched, an air outlet (42) is formed after the third port (123) of the first unipolar plate (1) and the fourth port (124) of the second unipolar plate (2) are matched, and the air inlet (41) and the air outlet (42) are arranged diagonally.
4. Metallic bipolar plate according to claim 3, wherein the methanol inlet (31) and the air outlet (42) are symmetrical with respect to the centre line of the long side of the metallic bipolar plate, and the air inlet (41) and the methanol outlet (32) are symmetrical with respect to the centre line of the long side of the metallic bipolar plate; the methanol inlet (31) and the air inlet (41) are symmetrical about the center line of the short side of the metal bipolar plate, and the methanol outlet (32) and the air outlet (42) are symmetrical about the center line of the short side of the metal bipolar plate.
5. Metallic bipolar plate according to claim 2, characterised in that the first and fourth through openings (121, 124) are provided with a first bridge structure (131) on the side close to the active area (11); a second gap bridge structure (132) is arranged on one side, close to the effective area (11), of each of the second through hole (122) and the third through hole (123); one of the first bridge structures (131) is used for communicating the first through opening (121) with the effective area (11), and the other first bridge structure (131) is used for communicating the effective area (11) with the fourth through opening (124); one of the second bridge structures (132) is used for communicating the second through opening (122) with the effective area (11), and the other second bridge structure (132) is used for communicating the effective area (11) with the third through opening (123).
6. The metallic bipolar plate of claim 5, wherein the first bridge structure (131) on the side of the first through opening (121) of the first unipolar plate (1) and the second bridge structure (132) on the side of the second through opening (122) of the second unipolar plate (2) cooperate to form a first bridge structure (33) of methanol, and the first bridge structure (131) on the side of the fourth through opening (124) of the first unipolar plate (1) and the second bridge structure (132) on the side of the third through opening (123) of the second unipolar plate (2) cooperate to form a second bridge structure (34) of methanol;
the air-conditioning filter is characterized in that a second gap bridge structure (132) on one side of a second port (122) in the first unipolar plate (1) and a first gap bridge structure (131) on one side of a first port (121) in the second unipolar plate (2) form a first air gap bridge structure (43), and the second gap bridge structure (132) on one side of a third port (123) in the first unipolar plate (1) and the first gap bridge structure (131) on one side of a fourth port (124) in the second unipolar plate (2) form a second air gap bridge structure (44).
7. Metallic bipolar plate according to claim 6, characterized in that the front faces of the first unipolar plate (1) and the second unipolar plate (2) each comprise a first distribution area (141) and a second distribution area (142), the first distribution area (141) of the first unipolar plate (1) being located between the first bridge structure of methanol (33) and the active area (11), the second distribution area (142) of the first unipolar plate (1) being located between the active area (11) and the second bridge structure of methanol (34);
the first distribution area (141) of the second unipolar plate (2) is located between the first air bridge structure (43) and the active area (11), and the second distribution area (142) of the second unipolar plate (2) is located between the active area (11) and the second air bridge structure (44).
8. Metallic bipolar plate according to claim 7, characterised in that the first distribution area (141) and the second distribution area (142) each comprise a plurality of distribution area ducts (1411), the active area (11) comprises a plurality of active area ducts (111), the diameter of the distribution area ducts (1411) on the side close to the active area (11) being larger than the diameter on the side remote from the active area (11), so that the side of the distribution area ducts (1411) with the larger diameter can cover the inlet or outlet of at least two active area ducts (111).
9. Metallic bipolar plate according to claim 8, characterised in that each distribution area channel (1411) covers the same number of inlets or outlets of the active area channels (111) on the side with the larger diameter.
10. A direct methanol fuel cell comprising the metallic bipolar plate of any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210258862.9A CN114597437A (en) | 2022-03-16 | 2022-03-16 | Metal bipolar plate and direct methanol fuel cell |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210258862.9A CN114597437A (en) | 2022-03-16 | 2022-03-16 | Metal bipolar plate and direct methanol fuel cell |
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| CN114597437A true CN114597437A (en) | 2022-06-07 |
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| CN202210258862.9A Pending CN114597437A (en) | 2022-03-16 | 2022-03-16 | Metal bipolar plate and direct methanol fuel cell |
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