CN114594220A - Coal mine dynamic disaster simulation system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a coal mine dynamic disaster simulation system and a coal mine dynamic disaster simulation method, wherein the system comprises a main body device, a dynamic loading device, a top-cutting energy release device, an energy absorption control device and an intelligent monitoring system, the main body device comprises a model body, a roadway, a coal face, a roadway top plate and a coal face top plate are arranged in the model body, the dynamic loading device comprises a near-domain impact assembly and a far-domain impact assembly, the near-domain impact assembly, the top-cutting energy release device and the energy absorption control device are all arranged in the model body, the far-domain impact assembly is arranged on the outer side of the model body, the top-cutting energy release device is used for cutting off the coal face top plate, the energy absorption control device is used for supporting the roadway, and the intelligent monitoring system is used for monitoring the dynamic loading device, the top-cutting energy release device and the energy absorption control device. The invention can realize automatic and intelligent control and simulation, and truly restore the coal mine site dynamic disaster occurrence process.

Description

Coal mine dynamic disaster simulation system and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of indoor experiments of mine disasters, in particular to a coal mine dynamic disaster simulation system and method.

Background

With the continuous increase of the mining depth and intensity of coal resources, a deep mine is influenced by factors such as high ground stress and mining disturbance, the coal mine dynamic disasters such as rock burst and mine earthquake are increased day by day, the coal mine dynamic disasters have the characteristics of short precursor process, strong burstiness, large impact destructiveness and the like, and the production safety of the mine is seriously threatened. At present, research aiming at dynamic disasters mainly focuses on theoretical analysis and numerical tests, field tests are difficult to develop and long in period, impact energy of the dynamic disasters of coal mines cannot be effectively and quantitatively controlled, and model tests provide a new way for simulation and control research of the dynamic disasters of the coal mines. The simulation dimensionality of the existing model test device is low, the coal mine dynamic disaster type under the real environment condition cannot be restored, and a supporting system device lacks an energy absorption and release control system, so that a complete and effective simulation and control method is not formed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a coal mine dynamic disaster simulation system which can generate seismic sources with different intensities, frequencies, positions and numbers to form a plurality of seismic source coupling fields; the energy releasing and absorbing control effects of the top-cutting energy releasing device and the energy absorbing control device under the influence of power can be truly reflected, and the spatial and temporal evolution law of the stress and the strain of the surrounding rock in a plurality of superposed seismic source fields is analyzed. The invention can realize automatic and intelligent control and simulation, and can truly restore the coal mine site dynamic disaster occurrence process, thereby scientifically researching the coal mine dynamic disaster formation mechanism.

The invention aims to provide a coal mine dynamic disaster simulation method.

In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

according to one aspect of the invention, a coal mine dynamic disaster simulation system is provided. The coal mine dynamic disaster simulation system comprises a main body device, a dynamic loading device, a roof cutting energy release device, an energy absorption control device and an intelligent monitoring system, wherein the main body device is formed by assembling modular reaction structures, simulates coal mine rock strata with different similar sizes, and comprises a model body, at least two roadways arranged in the model body, a coal face positioned between the two roadways, a roadway top plate positioned above the roadway and a coal face top plate positioned above the coal face, the dynamic loading device comprises a near-field impact assembly and a far-field impact assembly, wherein the far-field impact assembly is arranged at the outer side of the model body, the near-field impact assembly, the roof cutting energy release device and the energy absorption control device are all arranged in the model body, and the near-field impact assembly performs near-field impact on the model body, the remote impact assembly impacts the remote area of the model body, the top-cutting energy-releasing device cuts off the top plate of the coal face, the energy-absorbing control device is used for supporting the roadway, and the intelligent monitoring system is used for monitoring the power loading device, the top-cutting energy-releasing device and the energy-absorbing control device.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the intelligent monitoring system comprises a monitoring component, a scanning imaging device and an upper computer, wherein the monitoring component is arranged inside the model body and is used for acquiring response data of impact in the model body and stress-strain data generated in the model body; the scanning imaging device scans the model body to further obtain a spatial-temporal evolution model of internal fracture of the model body; the upper computer is used for monitoring the power loading device, the top-cutting energy release device, the energy absorption control device, the monitoring assembly and the scanning imaging device and generating monitoring data.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the monitoring assembly comprises a first strain gauge, an acoustic emission probe, a displacement sensor, a strain sensor and a second strain gauge mounted on the strain sensor, wherein the first strain gauge is connected to the energy absorption control device and used for collecting stress-strain data of the energy absorption control device, the acoustic emission probe is mounted inside the model body and used for collecting response data of the model body under impact, and the displacement sensor and the strain sensor are respectively mounted on the model body outside the roadway and used for monitoring stress and deformation data of the roadway;

the scanning imaging device comprises a movable support, a scanning imager and a wireless console, wherein the movable support is connected to the outer side of the model body, the scanning imager is movably connected to the movable support, the upper computer is in communication connection with the wireless console, the wireless console is in communication connection with the movable support, and the scanning imager is controlled to scan the model body.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the near field impact assembly comprises a piston vibrator, a miniature electronic detonator and a wireless detonator for controlling the initiation of the miniature electronic detonator, wherein the piston vibrator and the miniature electronic detonator are both mounted on the model body outside the roadway, and the upper computer is in communication connection with the piston vibrator and the wireless detonator so as to control the piston vibrator and the miniature electronic detonator to impact the model body;

the remote impact assembly comprises a plurality of gas-liquid composite cylinders, a hydraulic pump station and a gas compressor, wherein the gas-liquid composite cylinders are distributed on the top and the side of the model body, the hydraulic pump station and the gas compressor are respectively communicated with the gas-liquid composite cylinders, and the upper computer is in communication connection with the hydraulic pump station and the gas compressor so as to control the gas-liquid composite cylinders to carry out impact loading on the model body.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gas-liquid composite cylinder includes a liquid composite cylinder including a housing, a partition plate, a gas pressure chamber, an oil pressure chamber, a loading rod assembly and an impact rod assembly, wherein the housing is fixedly connected to an outer side of the model body, the partition plate divides the housing into two chambers, a chamber above the partition plate is the gas pressure chamber, a chamber below the partition plate is the oil pressure chamber, a cylindrical through hole is formed in a middle portion of the partition plate, the loading rod assembly is located inside the gas pressure chamber, and the impact rod assembly is located inside the oil pressure chamber;

the impact rod assembly is used for impacting the model body and comprises an impact piston and an impact rod, wherein the impact piston is sleeved on the impact rod, the impact piston sleeve is matched with the shell, the upper part of the impact rod is inserted into the cylindrical through hole, and the lower part of the impact rod penetrates through the shell to impact the model body;

the loading rod assembly comprises a loading piston and a loading rod, wherein the loading piston is sleeved on the loading rod, the loading piston is matched with the shell, the lower part of the loading rod is inserted into the cylindrical through hole, and the lower part of the loading rod penetrates through the cylindrical through hole and enters the oil pressure cavity to act on the top of the impact rod to impact the model body;

the shell positioned on the side of the air pressure cavity is provided with a first through hole, a second through hole and a third through hole, wherein the first through hole, the second through hole and the third through hole are respectively communicated with the air pressure cavity and the gas compressor so as to drive the loading rod assembly to move up and down, so that the loading rod assembly pushes the impact rod assembly to impact the model body in a remote area;

the hydraulic loading device comprises a shell, an oil pressure cavity, a first inlet, a second inlet, a first liquid outlet and a second liquid outlet, wherein the shell is located on the side of the oil pressure cavity, the first inlet is communicated with the second inlet respectively, the oil pressure cavity is communicated with the output end of a hydraulic pump station, the first liquid outlet is communicated with the second liquid outlet respectively, the oil pressure cavity is communicated with the input end of the hydraulic pump station, and the impact rod assembly is driven to carry out static loading on a model body.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the top-cutting energy release device comprises a top-cutting assembly, a lifting platform assembly and a driving assembly;

the roof cutting assembly comprises a connecting plate and splicing plates, the connecting plate and the splicing plates are fixed through pins, and the roof cutting assembly is embedded in a top plate of the coal face;

the lifting platform assembly comprises a ball screw, an H-shaped support, a first slide rail and a first slide block, wherein the ball screw is fixedly connected to the outer side of the model body, the H-shaped support is connected to the ball screw, the first slide rail is fixedly connected to the H-shaped support, the first slide block is slidably connected to the first slide rail, the H-shaped support moves up and down along the ball screw so as to regulate and control the distance between the H-shaped support and the bottom surface of the model body, and the H-shaped support and the ball screw are vertically arranged;

drive assembly include the rigid coupling in pull subassembly and first wire rope on the first slider, wherein, first wire rope's one end connect in the pull subassembly, and the other end connect in the connecting plate, pull subassembly communication connection in the host computer is in with control the top cutting subassembly is in cut off under the drive of pull subassembly coal face roof.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the energy absorption control device comprises a tray, a cylinder, a connecting piece, a spring and a metal wire, wherein the tray is fixedly connected to the model body outside the roadway, one end of the cylinder is fixed to the tray, a sealing plate is arranged at the other end of the cylinder, the circular plate is arranged inside the cylinder, the spring is sleeved on the periphery of the connecting piece, one end of the connecting piece and one end of the spring are fixedly connected to the circular plate, the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the sealing plate, the other end of the connecting piece is connected to one end of the metal wire, and the other end of the metal wire is anchored to the roadway top plate.

According to another aspect of the invention, a coal mine dynamic disaster simulation method is provided. The coal mine dynamic disaster simulation method comprises the following steps: determining installation parameters of the power loading device, the top-cutting energy release device and the energy absorption control device; designing a model body according to data obtained by geological exploration and construction data and a similar material calculation formula; installing the power loading device, the top-cutting energy releasing device and the energy absorption control device on the model body according to the installation parameters of the power loading device, the top-cutting energy releasing device and the energy absorption control device; and monitoring the power loading device, the top-cutting energy release device and the energy absorption control device through an intelligent monitoring system so as to carry out simulation experiments and acquire experimental data in real time.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the installation parameters of the power loading device include the position, number, strength and frequency of the power loading device; the installation parameters of the top-cutting energy release device comprise top-cutting height and top-cutting angle; the installation parameters of the energy absorption control device comprise the material and the structure of the energy absorption control device, the installation position, the interval pitch, the length and the angle; and connecting the intelligent monitoring system with the power loading device, the top-cutting energy releasing device and the energy absorption control device.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes:

splicing the roof cutting assemblies into a designed size, and burying the roof cutting assemblies at a designed position on a top plate of a coal face;

a piston vibrator, a miniature electronic detonator and an energy absorption control device are arranged on the model body outside a roadway, and the piston vibrator and the miniature electronic detonator are controlled by an upper computer to perform near-field impact on the model body;

the top and the side of the model body are respectively provided with a gas-liquid composite cylinder, the gas-liquid composite cylinder is connected with a hydraulic pump station and a gas compressor, and the hydraulic pump station and the gas compressor are controlled by the upper computer so that the gas-liquid composite cylinder can carry out remote impact on the model body;

the position of the drawing and pulling assembly is adjusted to correspond to the position of the top cutting assembly, and the top cutting assembly is connected with the drawing and pulling assembly through a first steel wire rope; the upper computer controls the drawing component to drive the roof cutting component to cut off the top plate of the coal face;

fixedly connecting a tray to the model body on the outer side of the roadway, wherein one end of a cylinder body is fixed on the tray, a sealing plate is arranged at the other end of the cylinder body, a circular plate is arranged in the cylinder body, a spring is sleeved on the periphery of a connecting piece, one end of the connecting piece and one end of the spring are fixedly connected to the circular plate, the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the sealing plate, the other end of the connecting piece is connected with one end of a metal wire, the other end of the metal wire is anchored to the roadway top plate, and the impact energy received by the roadway top plate is absorbed by utilizing the deformation of the spring;

the upper computer controls the first strain gauge to collect stress strain data of the energy absorption control device, and the upper computer collects response data of the model body subjected to impact through the acoustic emission probe; the displacement sensor and the strain sensor are respectively arranged on the model body on the outer side of the roadway, the second strain gauge is arranged on the strain sensor and used for monitoring the stress applied to the roadway, and the displacement sensor is used for measuring the deformation data of the roadway;

but movable support and scanning imaging device install the outside of the model body, scanning imager movable connection in movable support, wireless control platform communication connection movable support with scanning imager, host computer communication connection wireless control platform, wireless control platform control scanning imager is right under movable support's the drive the condition of breaking of the internal portion of model carries out real-time scanning to reach data passback the host computer, the host computer stores all data among the test process, and the analysis monitoring the dynamic response information of the model body makes required two-dimensional and three-dimensional image according to received dynamic response information, evaluation dynamic disaster control simulation effect.

One embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages or benefits:

according to the coal mine dynamic disaster simulation test system, the dynamic loading device can generate the seismic sources with different strengths, frequencies, positions and numbers to form a plurality of seismic source coupling fields; the top cutting energy releasing device can realize the change of the top cutting position, the size and the angle, and the top cutting position can accompany or be ahead of the mining of the coal face; the energy absorption control device can simulate the anchoring of a constant-resistance anchor rod of a roadway roof, and can keep constant resistance and generate uniform deformation to absorb impact energy when dynamic load is applied; therefore, the energy release and energy absorption control effects of the top-cutting energy release device and the energy absorption control device under the influence of power can be truly reflected, and the time-space evolution law of the stress and strain of the surrounding rock in a plurality of superposed seismic source fields can be analyzed. The invention has reasonable design, can realize automatic and intelligent control and simulation, and can accurately simulate the dynamic disaster process of the coal mine, thereby scientifically researching the dynamic disaster forming mechanism of the coal mine.

Drawings

The above and other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a coal mine dynamic disaster simulation testing system according to an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a schematic connection diagram of the main body device and the power loading device according to an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a schematic connection diagram of a main body apparatus, a power loading apparatus, and a scanning image forming apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a near field impact assembly shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a gas-liquid hybrid cylinder shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a topping assembly shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating an energy absorption control device according to an exemplary embodiment.

Wherein the reference numerals are as follows:

1. a main body device; 10. a model body; 11. a roadway; 2. a power loading device; 21. a near field impact assembly; 211. a piston vibrator; 212. a miniature electronic detonator; 22. a distal impact assembly; 221. a gas-liquid composite cylinder; 2210. a housing; 2211. a partition plate; 2212. a pneumatic chamber; 22121. a first through hole; 22122. a second through hole; 22123. a third through hole; 2213. an oil pressure chamber; 22131. a first liquid inlet; 22132. a second liquid inlet; 22133. a first liquid outlet; 22134. a second liquid outlet; 2214. a shock rod assembly; 2215. a load bar assembly; 222. a hydraulic pump station; 2221. a hydraulic shock circuit; 223. a gas compressor; 2231. a pneumatic shock circuit; 3. a top-cutting energy releasing device; 31. a topping assembly; 311. a connecting plate; 312. splicing plates; 32. a lifting platform assembly; 321. a ball screw; 322. an H-shaped bracket; 323. a first slide rail; 33. a drive assembly; 331. a pull assembly; 332. a first wire rope; 4. an energy absorption control device; 41. a tray; 42. a barrel; 421. a circular plate; 43. a connecting member; 44. a spring; 45. a metal wire; 5. an intelligent monitoring system; 51. a monitoring component; 511. a first strain gauge; 512. an acoustic emission probe; 52. scanning an imaging device; 521. a movable support; 5211. a mounting frame; 5212. lifting the slide rail; 5213. a second slide rail; 522. scanning an imager; 523. a wireless console; 53. and (4) an upper computer.

Detailed Description

Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted.

The terms "a," "an," "the," "said" are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements/components/etc.; the terms "comprising" and "having" are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements/components/etc. other than the listed elements/components/etc.

The coal mine dynamic disaster simulation system comprises a main body device 1, a dynamic loading device 2, a top-cutting energy release device 3, an energy absorption control device 4 and an intelligent monitoring system 5, wherein the main body device 1 is formed by assembling modular reaction structures and simulates coal mine rock strata of different similar sizes, the main body device 1 comprises a model body 10, at least two roadways 11 arranged in the model body 10, a coal face positioned between the two roadways 11, a roadway top plate positioned above the roadway 11 and a coal face top plate positioned above the coal face, the dynamic loading device 2 comprises a near-area impact assembly 21 and a far-area impact assembly 22, wherein the far-area impact assembly 22 is arranged on the outer side of the model body 10, the near-area impact assembly 21, the energy absorption top-cutting energy release device 3 and the energy absorption control device 4 are all arranged in the model body 10, the near-area impact assembly 21 performs near-area impact on the model body 10, the remote impact assembly 22 impacts the remote area of the model body 10, the top-cutting energy-releasing device 3 cuts off the top plate of the coal face, the energy-absorbing control device 4 is used for supporting the roadway 11 to resist large deformation damage of surrounding rocks of the roadway 11, and the intelligent monitoring system 5 is used for monitoring the power loading device 2, the top-cutting energy-releasing device 3 and the energy-absorbing control device 4.

As shown in fig. 1-3, in this embodiment, the outer side of the main body device 1 is assembled by modular reaction structures to simulate different coal mine strata with similar sizes, and the modular reaction structures are model frames formed by a plurality of mounting plates together, which do not generate the action of active force to generate the constraint of force and displacement in the non-loading direction of the model body. The drawings in the description are illustrated with two roadways 11, the coal face between the two roadways 11 and are not intended to limit the invention. The near-field impact assembly 21 and the energy-absorbing control device 4 are both mounted on a model body 10 on the outer side of a roadway 11, the top-cutting energy-releasing device 3 is mounted on a top plate of a coal face, the far-field impact assembly 22 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the model body 10, then the near-field impact assembly 21, the far-field impact assembly 22, the top-cutting energy-releasing device 3 and the energy-absorbing control device 4 are respectively connected with the intelligent monitoring system 5, the intelligent monitoring system 5 controls the operation of all devices according to design, the intelligent monitoring system 5 monitors and records dynamic response data inside the model body 10 in the whole test process in real time, and required two-dimensional and three-dimensional images are manufactured according to the received dynamic response data for evaluating the dynamic disaster control simulation effect. In the embodiment, a three-dimensional large model body 10 is designed and constructed according to geological exploration, construction data and a similar material calculation formula; the plurality of power loading devices 2 can be independently controlled by the intelligent monitoring system 5, and generate seismic sources with different intensities, frequencies, positions and numbers to form a plurality of seismic source coupling fields, the impact generated inside the model body 10 is changed into near-field impact, and the impact transmitted from the outside of the model body 10 to the coal face and the roadway 11 is changed into far-field impact; the top cutting energy release device 3 can realize the change of the top cutting position, the size and the angle, and the top cutting position can accompany or be ahead of the mining of the working face; the energy absorption control device 4 can simulate the anchoring of a constant-resistance anchor rod on a roadway roof, and can keep constant resistance and generate uniform deformation to absorb impact energy when dynamic load is applied; therefore, in the invention, the power loading device 2, the top-cutting energy release device 3 and the energy absorption control device 4 can truly reflect the energy release and energy absorption control effects of the top-cutting energy release device 3 and the energy absorption control device 4 under the influence of power, and the intelligent monitoring system 5 can analyze the spatial-temporal evolution law of the stress and strain of the surrounding rock in a plurality of superposed seismic source fields. The invention has reasonable design, can realize automatic and intelligent control and simulation, and can accurately simulate the dynamic disaster process of the coal mine, thereby scientifically researching the dynamic disaster forming mechanism of the coal mine.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent monitoring system 5 comprises a monitoring component 51, a scanning imaging device 52 and an upper computer 53, wherein the monitoring component 51 is disposed inside the model body 10 and is used for collecting response data and stress-strain data of the model body 10 subjected to impact; a scanning imaging device 52 for scanning the model body 10 to obtain a spatial-temporal evolution model of internal fracture of the model body 10; and the upper computer 53 is used for monitoring the power loading device 2, the top-cutting energy release device 3, the energy absorption control device 4, the monitoring assembly 51 and the scanning imaging device 52 and generating monitoring data.

A monitoring assembly 51 shown in fig. 7 is mounted on the energy absorption control device 4 inside the model body 10, the scanning imaging device 52 is located outside the model body 10, and the upper computer 53 can monitor the power loading device 2, the topping energy release device 3, the energy absorption control device 4, the monitoring assembly 51 and the scanning imaging device 52 in a wireless or wired connection manner, wherein the monitoring assembly 51 is used for collecting response data of impact in the model body 10 and stress-strain data generated by the energy absorption control device 4, and uploading the relevant data to the upper computer 53; the scanning imaging device 52 scans the model body 10 to obtain a spatial-temporal evolution model of the internal fracture of the model body 10, the upper computer 53 can monitor and record the dynamic response data of the internal part of the model body 10 in the whole test process, and the required two-dimensional and three-dimensional images are produced according to the received dynamic response information, so that the method has the characteristics of automation and intellectualization.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring assembly 51 comprises a first strain gauge 511, an acoustic emission probe 512, a displacement sensor, a strain sensor and a second strain gauge, wherein the first strain gauge 511 is mounted on the energy absorption control device 4 for acquiring stress-strain data of the energy absorption control device 4; the acoustic emission probe 512 is installed in the model body 10 and used for acquiring response data of the model body 10 subjected to impact; the displacement sensor and the strain sensor are respectively arranged on the model body 10 on the outer side of the roadway 11, and the second strain gauge is arranged at the top of the strain sensor and used for monitoring stress and deformation data of the roadway 11.

In this embodiment, the country rock that is located 11 peripheries of tunnel is called tunnel country rock, tunnel country rock is including the first rock stratum that is located 11 tops of tunnel, the second rock that is located 11 both sides of tunnel, concretely, displacement sensor, strain sensor installs respectively in first rock stratum, the stress data that the top that the second foil gage was installed at strain sensor is used for surveing tunnel country rock and receives, displacement sensor is used for surveing the deformation data of tunnel country rock, in this embodiment, strain sensor is the prior art means that adopts in the coal mine model test, its theory of operation, use and method are not repeated here one by one.

As shown in fig. 7, the first strain gauge 511 and the acoustic emission probe 512 are both installed on the energy-absorbing control device 4, wherein the energy-absorbing control device 4 is installed on the model body 10 outside the roadway 11, and specifically, the acoustic emission probe 512 is installed on the surrounding rock of the roadway, and the acoustic emission probe 512 is adjusted to face the monitoring direction during installation, and transmits the acquired information to the upper computer 53, in this embodiment, the acoustic emission probe 512 is of a model of PAC-20DX, PAC-1850, and the like of the U.S. PAC physical acoustic company, as long as monitoring, positioning, analyzing, and judging of micro-vibration can be achieved, and early warning of structural stability of the rock within the monitoring range can be achieved, and the invention is not limited herein.

The scanning imaging device 52 shown in fig. 3 includes a movable stand 521, a scanning imager 522 and a wireless console 523, wherein the movable stand 521 is connected to the outer side of the model body 10, the scanning imager 522 is fixedly connected to the movable stand 521, the scanning imager 522 moves along the movable stand 521, both the movable stand 521 and the scanning imager 522 are wirelessly connected to the wireless console 523, and the wireless console 523 can control the movable stand 521 to move the model body 10 and control the scanning imager 522 to scan the internal fracture condition of the model body 10.

The movable support 521 includes a mounting frame 5211, a lifting slide rail 5212, a second slide rail 5213, a lifting slide block and a second slide block, two ends of the mounting frame 5211 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the model body 10, the second slide rail 5213 is fixed to the mounting frame 5211, the lifting slide rail 5212 is fixedly connected to the second slide block, the scanning imager 522 is fixedly connected to the lifting slide block, the lifting slide rail 5212 is slidably connected to the lifting slide block, and the second slide rail 5213 is slidably connected to the second slide block. As shown in fig. 2, the lifting slide rail 5212 is parallel to the bottom surface of the mold body 10, and the second slide rail 5213 is perpendicular to the lifting slide rail 5212. Can realize the removal to scanning imager 522 through this structure, reasonable in design, convenient operation, degree of automation is high.

In this embodiment, the scanning imager 522 is a host of a JL-UCIDA rock three-dimensional ultrasonic imaging detector, and the wireless console 523 is an 8-axis CT imaging motion control system independently developed and developed by means of triple-quartz precise control, and is used for controlling the scanning imager 522 to scan and mold the interior of the model 10.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the near field impact assembly 21 shown in fig. 4 comprises a piston vibrator 211, a micro electronic detonator 212 and a wireless detonator, wherein the piston vibrator 211 and the micro electronic detonator 212 are both mounted on the mold body 10 outside the roadway 11, and the upper computer 53 is communicatively connected with the piston vibrator 211 and the wireless detonator to control the piston vibrator 211 and the micro electronic detonator 212 to impact the mold body 10.

In this embodiment, the piston vibrator 211 is installed on the model body 10 outside the roadway 11, that is, on the roadway surrounding rock, the micro electronic detonator 212 is installed on the periphery of the piston vibrator 211, both the piston vibrator 211 and the wireless detonator are wirelessly connected with the upper computer 53, and the wireless detonator is used for controlling the micro electronic detonator 212 to detonate. The upper computer 53 controls the piston vibrator 211 and the miniature electronic detonator 212 to impact the model body 10. In this embodiment, the number of the piston vibrators 211 and the number of the micro electronic detonators 212 are both multiple, and the piston vibrators can be firstly designed on different sections of the front and the back of the model body 10, and then are generally arranged on the top or two sides of the surrounding rock of the roadway and are close to the surface of the roadway 11. The upper computer 53 can control the piston vibrators 211 and the micro electronic detonators 212 at different positions to perform impact with different strengths, so that the simulation of the loading positions, quantity, strength and frequency is realized, and the simulation accuracy is improved.

The remote impact assembly 22 shown in fig. 1-3 includes a plurality of gas-liquid composite cylinders 221, a hydraulic pump station 222 and a gas compressor 223, wherein the gas-liquid composite cylinders 221 are distributed on the top and the side of the model body 10, the gas-liquid composite cylinders 221 are communicated with the hydraulic pump station 222 and the gas compressor 223, the hydraulic pump station 222 and the gas-liquid composite cylinders 221 form a hydraulic impact loop 2221, the gas compressor 223 and the gas-liquid composite cylinders 221 form a gas pressure impact loop 2231, in this embodiment, the hydraulic pump station 222 and the gas compressor 223 are wirelessly connected with an upper computer 53, the upper computer 53 is used for controlling loading and recovery of the output ends of the gas-liquid composite cylinders 221, so that the gas-liquid composite cylinders 221 perform impact loading on the model body 10, and the upper computer 53 controls compressed gas output by the gas compressor 223 to perform impact loading on the model body 10.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gas-liquid composite cylinder 221 includes a housing 2210, a partition 2211, a gas pressure cavity 2212, an oil pressure cavity 2213, an impact rod assembly 2214 and a loading rod assembly 2215, wherein the partition 2211 divides the housing 2210 into two cavities, the cavity above the partition 2211 is the gas pressure cavity 2212, the cavity below the partition 2211 is the oil pressure cavity 2213, the middle part of the partition 2211 is provided with a cylindrical through hole, the impact rod assembly 2214 is located inside the oil pressure cavity 2213, and the loading rod assembly 2215 is located inside the gas pressure cavity 2212;

the impact rod assembly 2214 is used for impacting the model body 10 and comprises an impact piston and an impact rod, wherein the impact piston is sleeved on the impact rod, the impact piston sleeve is matched with the shell 2210, the upper part of the impact rod is inserted into the through hole of the cylinder, the lower part of the impact rod penetrates through the shell 2210, and the static loading is carried out on the model body 10 in an initial state;

a loading rod assembly 2215, including a loading piston and a loading rod, wherein the loading piston is sleeved on the loading rod, the loading piston is matched with the housing 2210, the lower portion of the loading rod is inserted into the cylindrical through hole, and after the lower portion of the loading rod passes through the cylindrical through hole and enters the oil pressure cavity 2213, the loading rod acts on the top of the impact rod to impact the model body 10;

the housing 2210 on the side of the pneumatic pressure cavity 2212 is provided with a first through hole 22121, a second through hole 22122 and a third through hole 22123, wherein the first through hole 22121, the second through hole 22122 and the third through hole 22123 are respectively communicated with the pneumatic pressure cavity 2212 and the gas compressor 223 so as to drive the loading rod assembly 2215 to move up and down, and the loading rod assembly 2215 pushes the impact rod assembly 2214 to impact the die body 10;

a first inlet 22131, a second inlet 22132, a first outlet 22133 and a second outlet 22134 are formed in the housing 2210 on the side of the oil pressure cavity 2213, wherein the first inlet 22131 and the second inlet 22132 are respectively communicated with the oil pressure cavity 2213 and the output end of the hydraulic pump station 222, and the first outlet 22133 and the second outlet 22134 are respectively communicated with the oil pressure cavity 2213 and the input end of the hydraulic pump station 222 to drive the impact rod assembly 2214 to move up and down, so that the impact rod assembly 2214 performs static loading on the molded body 10.

As shown in fig. 5, there is no gap between the outer periphery of the loading piston and the interior of the housing 2210, and no gap between the outer periphery of the impact piston and the interior of the housing 2210. When the hydraulic oil output by the hydraulic pump station 222 enters the oil pressure cavity 2213 from the first inlet 22131, the impact rod is pushed to move downwards and returns to the hydraulic pump station 222 from the first outlet 22133 to form a hydraulic impact loop 2221; when the hydraulic oil output by the hydraulic pump station 222 enters the oil pressure cavity 2213 from the second inlet 22132, the impact rod is pushed to move upwards and returns to the hydraulic pump station 222 from the second outlet 22134 to form another hydraulic impact loop 2221, and the impact rod can be driven to move up and down through the two loops, so that the impact rod assembly 2214 can perform static loading on the mold body 10;

when the impact rod assembly 2214 statically loads the mold body 10, compressed air output by the gas compressor 223 enters the pneumatic chamber 2212 from the first through hole 22121, the compressed air pushes the loading rod assembly 2215 to move downwards, when the loading rod assembly 2215 moves downwards to the lowest point, impact force can be applied to the impact rod assembly 2214 for pneumatic impact on the mold body 10, and meanwhile, the compressed air in the pneumatic chamber 2212 returns to the gas compressor 223 from the second through hole 22122 and the third through hole 22123 to form a pneumatic impact loop 2231; when compressed gas enters the pneumatic chamber 2212 from the second through-hole 22122, the compressed gas can push the load bar assembly 2215 upward to the maximum. During this process, the compressed gas in the pressure chamber 2212 returns to the gas compressor 223 from the third through hole 22123 to form another pressure surge circuit 2231; with the above arrangement, the compressed gas output from the gas compressor 223 passes through the loading rod assembly 2215, and pushes the impact rod assembly 2214 to perform a remote impact on the mold body 10.

It should be noted that in this embodiment, the pneumatic impact circuit 2231 is not connected to the hydraulic impact circuit 2221, the hydraulic impact part performs static loading on the mold body 10, and the pneumatic impact part can be activated when the hydraulic impact circuit 2221 is in operation, so that the cylinder body can generate impact force on the mold body, but is not connected to the hydraulic circuit and does not affect the hydraulic circuit. Different from the existing gas-liquid pressure cylinder, the hydraulic loading loop and the gas impact loop of the gas-liquid composite cylinder 221 in the embodiment can be controlled to operate independently, and the impact force range is larger.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the roof cutting energy release device 3 shown in fig. 1 and 3 includes a roof cutting assembly 31, a lifting platform assembly 32, and a driving assembly 33, wherein the roof cutting assembly 31 is embedded in the roof of the coal face, the lifting platform assembly 32 is fixed on the outer side of the model body 10, the driving assembly 33 is installed on the lifting platform assembly 32, and the driving assembly 33 is used for driving the roof cutting assembly 31 to move so as to cut the roof of the coal face.

As shown in fig. 6, the topping assembly 31 includes a connecting plate 311 and a splicing plate 312, the lifting platform assembly 32 includes a ball screw 321, an H-shaped bracket 322, a first slide rail 323 and a first slide block, the driving assembly 33 includes a drawing assembly 331 and a first steel cable 332, wherein the connecting plate 311 and the splicing plate 312 are fixed by a pin, both the connecting plate 311 and the splicing plate 312 are embedded in the top plate of the coal face, the ball screw 321 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the model body 10, the H-shaped bracket 322 is connected to the ball screw 321, the H-shaped bracket 322 moves up and down along the ball screw 321, the first slide rail 323 is fixedly connected to the H-shaped bracket 322, the first slide block is slidably connected to the first slide rail 323, the drawing assembly 331 is fixedly connected to the slide block, one end of the first steel cable 332 is connected to the drawing assembly 331, the other end of the first steel cable 332 is connected to the connecting plate 311, the drawing assembly 331 is in communication connection with the upper computer 53, the distance from the bottom surface of the model body 10 can be adjusted and controlled by the ball screw 321, that is, the vertical position of the drawing component 331 relative to the model body 10 is adjusted, and the first slide rail 323 and the first slide block are used for adjusting the horizontal position of the drawing component 331 relative to the model body 10.

In this embodiment, the drawing component 331 may be a winch or other device capable of drawing, and the present invention is not limited again. Splice plate 312 is a plurality of, can dismantle the connection between the splice plate 312, the design size can be assembled fast to splice plate 312, improves the installation rate, the one end and the splice plate 312 pin joint of connecting plate 311, the other end of connecting plate 311 is equipped with a plurality of first connecting blocks, install second wire rope on the first connecting block, be provided with the second connecting block between second wire rope and the first wire rope 332, this design can make connecting plate 311 atress more even, the effect of cutting one's head is better.

In addition, the H-shaped support 322 and the ball screw 321 are vertically arranged, the relative position of the drawing component 331 is convenient to adjust, the preferred ball screw 321, the drawing component 331 and the first sliding block are all in wireless connection with the upper computer 53, the height of the H-shaped support 322 can be accurately controlled by using the ball screw 321, and then the relative position of the drawing component 331 and the model body 10 is regulated, so that the top cutting component 31 cuts off the top plate of the coal face under the driving of the drawing component 331, and the model body 10 with different sizes can be suitable for.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the energy absorption control device 4 shown in fig. 7 includes a tray 41, a cylinder 42, a connecting member 43, a spring 44 and a metal wire 45, wherein the tray 41 is fixedly connected to the model body 10 outside the roadway 11, one end of the cylinder 42 is fixed to the tray 41, the other end of the cylinder 42 is provided with a sealing plate, the cylinder 42 is internally provided with a circular plate 421, the spring 44 is sleeved on the periphery of the connecting member 43, one end of the connecting member 43 and one end of the spring 44 are both fixedly connected to the circular plate 421, the other end of the spring 44 is fixedly connected to the sealing plate, the other end of the connecting member 43 is connected to one end of the metal wire 45, and the other end of the metal wire 45 is anchored to the roadway roof; the energy-absorbing control device 4 of this embodiment can simulate the anchor of the constant resistance stock on the roof of roadway for supporting the roof of roadway, can keep the constant resistance and produce even deformation and absorb impact energy when receiving the dynamic load, realize the stability of tunnel country rock.

Further, the diameter of the upper portion of the cylinder 42 is gradually reduced, and as the diameter of the cylinder 42 is reduced, deformation of the spring 44 is generated more, increasing effective absorption of impact energy.

The coal mine dynamic disaster simulation method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:

determining installation parameters of the power loading device 2, the top-cutting energy release device 3 and the energy absorption control device 4;

designing a model body 10 according to data obtained from geological exploration and construction data and a similar material calculation formula;

the power loading device 2, the top-cutting energy releasing device 3 and the energy absorption control device 4 are arranged on the model body 10 through the installation parameters;

the intelligent monitoring system 5 is used for monitoring the power loading device 2, the top-cutting energy release device 3 and the energy absorption control device 4 so as to carry out simulation experiments and collect experiment data in real time.

In this embodiment, the coal mine dynamic disaster simulation system is assembled by the set installation parameters, the intelligent monitoring system 5 is used for controlling the operation of each device, the intelligent monitoring system 5 monitors and records the dynamic response data inside the model body 10 in the whole test process in real time, and the required two-dimensional and three-dimensional images are manufactured according to the received dynamic response data for evaluating the dynamic disaster control simulation effect. The method can realize the automatic and intelligent control and the process of simulating the occurrence of the mine disaster, and has high accuracy and strong operability.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the installation parameters of the power loading unit 2 include the position, number, intensity and frequency of the power loading unit 2; the installation parameters of the top-cutting energy release device 3 comprise top-cutting height and top-cutting angle; the installation parameters of the energy absorption control device 4 comprise the material and the structure of the energy absorption control device 4, the installation position, the interval, the length and the angle; and the intelligent monitoring system 5 is connected with the power loading device 2, the top-cutting energy release device 3 and the energy absorption control device 4.

The installation parameters of the power loading device 2 can track the seismic source position after being processed according to the microseismic monitoring data and the technical means of the coal mine disaster site, and further derive the intensity, the frequency and the position of the site microseismic energy.

The installation parameters of the roof cutting energy release device 3 include the mechanical properties of the physical mechanical parameters of the selected anchor rod, the diameter and length of the anchor rod, the special structure of the anchor rod and the like according to the field support parameters, and the arrangement position of the anchor rod is, for example, the top or two sides of the roadway 11, the pitch between the anchor rods and the installation angle of the anchor rod. And determining the material, the structure, the mounting position, the interval, the length and the angle of the energy absorption control device 4 by calculating a similar scale.

The installation parameters of the energy absorption control device 4 comprise a top cutting height and a top cutting angle, wherein the top cutting height is determined according to the site surrounding rock crushing and swelling coefficient, the thickness of a mined coal seam and a specific safety factor, so that the top cutting height is determined, and the cut coal face top plate can be crushed and swelled to fill a goaf; the determination of the top cutting angle is to determine a plurality of angles according to the frictional resistance among rocks, then select the angle with the best effect and the smallest influence on the roadway 11 through numerical simulation, and determine the optimal top cutting angle after rounding according to the design requirements.

In the embodiment, a three-dimensional large model body 10 is designed and constructed according to geological exploration, construction data and a similar material calculation formula; the dynamic loading device 2 can generate seismic sources with different intensities, frequencies, positions and numbers to form a plurality of seismic source coupling fields; the top cutting energy release device 3 can realize the change of the top cutting position, the size and the angle, and the top cutting position is accompanied or advanced with the mining of the working face; the energy absorption control device 4 can simulate the anchoring of a constant-resistance anchor rod of a roadway roof, can keep constant resistance when subjected to dynamic load and can generate uniform deformation to absorb impact energy; therefore, the energy release and energy absorption control effects of the top-cutting energy release device 3 and the energy absorption control device 4 under the influence of power can be truly reflected, the intelligent monitoring system 5 can analyze the spatial and temporal evolution rule of the stress and strain of the surrounding rock in a plurality of superposed seismic source fields, the dynamic disaster process of the coal mine can be accurately simulated, and the dynamic disaster forming mechanism of the coal mine can be scientifically researched.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises:

splicing the roof cutting assemblies 31 into a designed size, and burying the roof cutting assemblies at the designed position on the top plate of the coal face;

the piston vibrator 211, the miniature electronic detonator 212 and the energy absorption control device 4 are arranged on the model body 10 at the outer side of the roadway 11, and the upper computer 53 is used for controlling the piston vibrator 211 and the miniature electronic detonator 212 to perform near-field impact on the model body 10;

the top and the side of the model body 10 are respectively provided with a gas-liquid composite cylinder 221, the gas-liquid composite cylinder 221 is connected with a hydraulic pump station 222 and a gas compressor 223, and the hydraulic pump station 222 and the gas compressor 223 are controlled by the upper computer 53 so that the gas-liquid composite cylinder 221 can carry out remote impact on the model body 10;

the position of the drawing component 331 is adjusted to correspond to the position of the top cutting component 31, and the top cutting component 31 is connected with the drawing component 331 through a first steel wire rope 332; the upper computer 53 controls the drawing component 331 to drive the top cutting component 31 to cut off the top plate of the coal face;

the method comprises the following steps of fixedly connecting a tray 41 to a model body 10 on the outer side of a roadway 11, fixing one end of a cylinder 42 to the tray 41, arranging a sealing plate at the other end of the cylinder 42, arranging a circular plate 421 in the cylinder 42, sleeving a spring 44 on the periphery of a connecting piece 43, fixedly connecting one end of the connecting piece 43 and one end of the spring 44 to the circular plate 421, fixedly connecting the other end of the spring 44 to the sealing plate, connecting the other end of the connecting piece 43 to one end of a metal wire 45, anchoring the other end of the metal wire 45 to a roadway top plate, and absorbing impact energy applied to the roadway top plate by utilizing deformation of the spring 44;

the upper computer 53 controls the first strain gauge 511 to collect stress strain data of the energy absorption control device 4, and the upper computer 53 collects response data of the model body 10 subjected to impact through the acoustic emission probe 512; the displacement sensor and the strain sensor are respectively arranged on the model body 10 on the outer side of the roadway, the second strain gauge is arranged on the strain sensor and used for monitoring the stress applied to the roadway 11, and the displacement sensor is used for measuring deformation data of the roadway 11;

the movable support 521 and the scanning imager 522 are mounted on the outer side of the model body 10, the scanning imager 522 is movably connected to the movable support 521, the wireless console 523 is in communication connection with the movable support 521 and the scanning imager 522, the upper computer 53 is in communication connection with the wireless console 523, the wireless console 523 controls the scanning imager 522 to scan the rupture condition inside the model body 10 in real time under the driving of the movable support 521, the data are transmitted back to the upper computer 53, the upper computer 53 stores all data in the test process, dynamic response information of the monitored model body is analyzed, required two-dimensional and three-dimensional images are manufactured according to the received dynamic response information, and the dynamic disaster control simulation effect is evaluated.

The specific implementation principle is as follows:

determining the position, quantity, strength and frequency of the power loading device 2 according to the field monitoring record, and designing a model body 10 according to geological exploration, construction data and a similar material calculation formula;

determining the parameters of the energy absorption control device 4 based on the field support parameters;

building the model body 10 according to design, splicing the topping assembly 31 into a designed size in the building of the model body 10, burying the topping assembly in a top plate of a coal face, and installing the piston vibrator 211, the miniature electronic detonator 212 and the energy absorption control device 4 at a set position on the model body 10 outside the roadway 11;

after the model body 10 is constructed, the ball screw 321 and the slide block are adjusted to enable the position of the drawing component 331 to correspond to the position of the topping component 31, the topping component 31 is connected with the drawing component 331 through the first steel wire rope 332, the gas-liquid composite cylinder 221 is installed on the top and the side face of the model body 10, and the gas-liquid composite cylinder 221 is connected with the hydraulic pump station 222 and the gas compressor 223;

and testing the coal mine dynamic disaster simulation system, and checking whether each device is installed or not and the running condition of each device.

After the test is finished, simulating the mine disaster, and firstly, controlling a piston vibrator 211 and a miniature electronic detonator 212 to perform near-field impact on the model body 10 by an upper computer 53; the upper computer 53 controls the hydraulic pump station 222 and the gas compressor 223 so that the gas-liquid composite cylinder 221 can impact the model 10 in a remote area; next, the upper computer 53 starts the drawing assembly 331 to enable the roof cutting assembly 31 to cut off the top plate of the coal face, and in the process, the energy absorption control device 4 absorbs the impact energy on the top plate of the roadway through uniform deformation; therefore, the spatial-temporal evolution law of the stress and the strain of the surrounding rock in a plurality of superposed seismic source fields can be simulated.

In addition, in the whole process, the upper computer 53 controls the movable support 521 to drive the scanning imager 522 to move, controls the scanning imager 522 to scan the internal rupture condition of the model body 10 in real time, and transmits data back to the upper computer 53, and the monitoring component 51 is arranged in the model body 10 and is used for acquiring response data and stress-strain data of impact in the model body 10.

The upper computer 53 controls the operation of each device according to the design, can monitor and record the dynamic response data in the model body 10 in the whole test process in real time, make the required two-dimensional and three-dimensional images according to the received dynamic response information, inquire the current state in the model body 10, and analyze the energy-releasing and energy-absorbing control effect according to the monitoring data. The invention has reasonable design, can realize automatic and intelligent control and simulation, and can accurately simulate the dynamic disaster process of the coal mine, thereby scientifically researching the dynamic disaster forming mechanism of the coal mine.

In embodiments of the present invention, the term "plurality" means two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise. The terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly and include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral connections. Specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or units must have a specific direction, be configured in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.

In the description herein, the appearances of the phrase "one embodiment," "a preferred embodiment," or the like, are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present embodiment by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the embodiments of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A coal mine dynamic disaster simulation system is characterized by comprising:

the main body device (1) is formed by assembling modular reaction structures, simulates coal mine strata with different similar sizes, and comprises a model body (10), at least two roadways (11) arranged in the model body (10), a coal face positioned between the two roadways (11), a roadway top plate positioned above the roadway (11), and a coal face top plate positioned above the coal face;

a dynamic loading device (2) comprising a near-field impact assembly (21) and a far-field impact assembly (22), wherein the near-field impact assembly (21) is arranged inside the model body (10) and is used for providing near-field impact on the model body (10), and the far-field impact assembly (22) is arranged outside the model body (10) and is used for providing far-field impact on the model body (10);

the top cutting energy release device (3) is arranged inside the model body (10) and is used for cutting off the top plate of the coal face;

the energy absorption control device (4) is arranged inside the model body (10) and is used for supporting the roadway (11);

and the intelligent monitoring system (5) is used for monitoring the power loading device (2), the top-cutting energy release device (3) and the energy absorption control device (4).

2. A coal mine dynamic disaster simulation system according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent monitoring system (5) comprises:

the monitoring component (51) is arranged inside the model body (10) and is used for acquiring response data of impact in the model body (10) and stress and strain data generated in the model body (10);

a scanning imaging device (52) for scanning the model body (10) to obtain a space-time evolution model of internal fracture of the model body (10);

and the upper computer (53) is used for monitoring the power loading device (2), the top-cutting energy release device (3), the energy absorption control device (4), the monitoring assembly (51) and the scanning imaging device (52) and generating monitoring data.

3. The coal mine dynamic disaster simulation system according to claim 2,

the monitoring assembly (51) comprises a first strain gauge (511), an acoustic emission probe (512), a displacement sensor, a strain sensor and a second strain gauge arranged on the strain sensor, wherein the first strain gauge (511) is connected to the energy-absorbing control device (4) and is used for acquiring stress-strain data of the energy-absorbing control device (4), the acoustic emission probe (512) is arranged in the model body (10) and is used for acquiring response data of the model body (10) under impact, and the displacement sensor and the strain sensor are respectively arranged on the model body (10) outside the roadway (11) and are used for monitoring stress and deformation data of the roadway (11);

the scanning imaging device (52) comprises a movable support (521), a scanning imaging instrument (522) and a wireless console (523), wherein the movable support (521) is connected to the outer side of the model body (10), the scanning imaging instrument (522) is movably connected to the movable support (521), the upper computer (53) is in communication connection with the wireless console (523), and the wireless console (523) is in communication connection with the movable support (521) and the scanning imaging instrument (522) so as to control the scanning imaging instrument (522) to scan the model body (10).

4. The coal mine dynamic disaster simulation system according to claim 2,

the near-field impact assembly (21) comprises a piston vibrator (211), a miniature electronic detonator (212) and a wireless detonator for controlling detonation of the miniature electronic detonator (212), wherein the piston vibrator (211) and the miniature electronic detonator (212) are both mounted on the model body (10) on the outer side of the roadway (11), and the upper computer (53) is in communication connection with the piston vibrator (211) and the wireless detonator so as to control the piston vibrator (211) and the miniature electronic detonator (212) to impact the model body (10);

the remote impact assembly (22) comprises a plurality of gas-liquid composite cylinders (221), a hydraulic pump station (222) and a gas compressor (223), wherein the gas-liquid composite cylinders (221) are distributed on the top and the side of the model body (10), the hydraulic pump station (222) and the gas compressor (223) are respectively communicated with the gas-liquid composite cylinders (221), and the upper computer (53) is in communication connection with the hydraulic pump station (222) and the gas compressor (223) so as to control the gas-liquid composite cylinders (221) to carry out impact loading on the model body (10).

5. A coal mine dynamic disaster simulation system as defined in claim 4 wherein the gas-liquid combination cylinder (221) comprises:

the shell (2210) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the model body (10), and a partition plate (2211) is arranged inside the shell, wherein the shell (2210) is divided into two cavities by the partition plate (2211), the cavity above the partition plate (2211) is an air pressure cavity (2212), the cavity below the partition plate (2211) is an oil pressure cavity (2213), and a cylindrical through hole is formed in the middle of the partition plate (2211);

a striking rod assembly (2214) for striking the model body (10) inside the oil pressure chamber (2213), comprising a striking piston and a striking rod, wherein the striking piston is sleeved on the striking rod, the striking piston is matched with the housing (2210), the upper part of the striking rod is inserted into the cylindrical through hole, and the lower part of the striking rod passes through the housing (2210) to strike the model body (10);

a loading rod assembly (2215) located inside the pneumatic chamber (2212) and comprising a loading piston and a loading rod, wherein the loading piston is sleeved on the loading rod, the loading piston is matched with the housing (2210), the lower part of the loading rod is inserted into the cylindrical through hole, and the lower part of the loading rod passes through the cylindrical through hole and enters the oil pressure chamber (2213) to act on the top of the impact rod to impact the model body (10);

the shell (2210) positioned on the side of the gas pressure cavity (2212) is provided with a first through hole (22121), a second through hole (22122) and a third through hole (22123), wherein the first through hole (22121), the second through hole (22122) and the third through hole (22123) are respectively communicated with the gas pressure cavity (2212) and the gas compressor (223) so as to drive the loading rod assembly (2215) to move up and down, so that the loading rod assembly (2215) pushes the impact rod assembly (2214) to impact the model body (10) in a remote area;

the shell (2210) positioned on the oil pressure cavity (2213) side is provided with a first liquid inlet (22131), a second liquid inlet (22132), a first liquid outlet (22133) and a second liquid outlet (22134), wherein the first liquid inlet (22131) and the second liquid inlet (22132) are respectively communicated with output ends of the oil pressure cavity (2213) and the hydraulic pump station (222), and the first liquid outlet (22133) and the second liquid outlet (22134) are respectively communicated with input ends of the oil pressure cavity (2213) and the hydraulic pump station (222), so as to drive the impact rod assembly (2214) to carry out static loading on the model body (10).

6. A coal mine dynamic disaster simulation system according to claim 2, wherein the roof-cutting energy release device (3) comprises:

the top cutting assembly (31) comprises a connecting plate (311) and splicing plates (312), the connecting plate (311) and the splicing plates (312) are fixed through pins, and the top cutting assembly (31) is buried in a top plate of the coal face;

the lifting platform assembly (32) comprises a ball screw (321), an H-shaped support (322), a first sliding rail (323) and a first sliding block, wherein the ball screw (321) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the model body (10), the H-shaped support (322) is connected to the ball screw (321), the first sliding rail (323) is fixedly connected to the H-shaped support (322), the first sliding block is slidably connected to the first sliding rail (323), the H-shaped support (322) moves up and down along the ball screw (321) to regulate and control the distance between the H-shaped support (322) and the bottom surface of the model body (10), and the H-shaped support (322) and the ball screw (321) are vertically arranged;

drive assembly (33) include the rigid coupling in pull subassembly (331) and first wire rope (332) on the first slider, wherein, the one end of first wire rope (332) connect in pull subassembly (331), and the other end connect in connecting plate (311), pull subassembly (331) communication connect in host computer (53), with control cut top subassembly (31) are in cut off under the drive of pull subassembly (331) coal face roof.

7. A coal mine dynamic disaster simulation system according to claim 2, wherein the energy absorption control device (4) comprises:

a tray (41) fixedly connected to the model body (10) outside the roadway (11);

a cylinder (42) with one end fixed on the tray (41) and the other end provided with a sealing plate and a circular plate (421) inside;

a connecting member (43) having one end fixed to the circular plate (421);

the spring (44) is sleeved on the periphery of the connecting piece (43), one end of the spring is fixedly connected with the sealing plate, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected with the circular plate (421);

and one end of the metal wire (45) is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting piece (43), and the other end of the metal wire is anchored on the roadway top plate.

8. A coal mine dynamic disaster simulation method of a coal mine dynamic disaster simulation system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:

determining installation parameters of the power loading device (2), the top-cutting energy release device (3) and the energy absorption control device (4);

designing a model body (10) according to data obtained by geological exploration and construction data and a similar material calculation formula;

the power loading device (2), the top-cutting energy releasing device (3) and the energy absorption control device (4) are installed on the model body (10) through the installation parameters of the power loading device (2), the top-cutting energy releasing device (3) and the energy absorption control device (4);

the power loading device (2), the top-cutting energy release device (3) and the energy absorption control device (4) are monitored through an intelligent monitoring system (5) so as to carry out simulation experiments and collect experiment data in real time.

9. A coal mine dynamic disaster simulation method as defined in claim 8, comprising:

the installation parameters of the power loading device (2) comprise the position, the number, the strength and the frequency of the power loading device (2);

the installation parameters of the top-cutting energy release device (3) comprise top-cutting height and top-cutting angle;

the mounting parameters of the energy absorption control device (4) comprise the material, the structure, the mounting position, the interval, the length and the angle of the energy absorption control device (4);

and connecting the intelligent monitoring system (5) with the power loading device (2), the top-cutting energy releasing device (3) and the energy absorption control device (4).

10. A coal mine dynamic disaster simulation method as recited in claim 8, further comprising:

splicing the roof cutting assemblies (31) into a designed size, and burying the roof cutting assemblies at the designed position on the top plate of the coal face;

a piston vibrator (211), a miniature electronic detonator (212) and the energy absorption control device (4) are arranged on the model body (10) on the outer side of a roadway (11), and the piston vibrator (211) and the miniature electronic detonator (212) are controlled by an upper computer (53) to perform near-field impact on the model body (10);

the top and the side of the model body (10) are respectively provided with a gas-liquid composite cylinder (221), the gas-liquid composite cylinder (221) is connected with a hydraulic pump station (222) and a gas compressor (223), and the hydraulic pump station (222) and the gas compressor (223) are controlled by the upper computer (53) to enable the gas-liquid composite cylinder (221) to impact the model body (10) in a remote area;

the position of a drawing component (331) corresponds to the position of a top cutting component (31), and the top cutting component (31) is connected with the drawing component (331) through a first steel wire rope (332); the upper computer (53) controls the drawing component (331) to drive the roof cutting component (31) to cut off the top plate of the coal face;

one end of an energy absorption control device (4) is fixedly connected to the model body (10) on the outer side of the roadway (11), the other end of the energy absorption control device is anchored to the roadway top plate, and the impact energy borne by the roadway top plate is absorbed by the deformation of a spring (44);

the upper computer (53) controls the first strain gauge (511) to acquire stress strain data of the energy absorption control device (4), and the upper computer (53) acquires response data of the model body (10) subjected to impact through the acoustic emission probe (512); a displacement sensor and a strain sensor are respectively arranged on the model body (10) on the outer side of the roadway (11), a second strain gauge is arranged on the strain sensor and used for monitoring the stress applied to the roadway (11), and the displacement sensor is used for measuring the deformation data of the roadway (11);

the movable support (521) and the scanning imager (522) are arranged on the outer side of the model body (10), the scanning imager (522) is movably connected to the movable support (521), the wireless console (523) is in communication connection with the movable support (521) and the scanning imager (522), the upper computer (53) is in communication connection with the wireless console (523), the wireless console (523) controls the scanning imager (522) to scan the rupture condition inside the model body (10) in real time under the driving of the movable support (521), and transmits data back to the upper computer (53), the upper computer (53) stores all data in the test process, analyzes and monitors the dynamic response information of the model body (10), and produces required two-dimensional and three-dimensional images according to the received dynamic response information, and evaluating the dynamic disaster control simulation effect.

Images