CN114592820B - Energy-saving blowout prevention pressure relief device for offshore fracturing wellhead - Google Patents
Energy-saving blowout prevention pressure relief device for offshore fracturing wellhead Download PDFInfo
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- CN114592820B CN114592820B CN202111195146.2A CN202111195146A CN114592820B CN 114592820 B CN114592820 B CN 114592820B CN 202111195146 A CN202111195146 A CN 202111195146A CN 114592820 B CN114592820 B CN 114592820B
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- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 63
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 98
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
- E21B33/06—Blow-out preventers, i.e. apparatus closing around a drill pipe, e.g. annular blow-out preventers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
- E21B33/06—Blow-out preventers, i.e. apparatus closing around a drill pipe, e.g. annular blow-out preventers
- E21B33/061—Ram-type blow-out preventers, e.g. with pivoting rams
- E21B33/062—Ram-type blow-out preventers, e.g. with pivoting rams with sliding rams
- E21B33/063—Ram-type blow-out preventers, e.g. with pivoting rams with sliding rams for shearing drill pipes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/08—Wipers; Oil savers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
- E21B43/35—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well specially adapted for separating solids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/204—Keeping clear the surface of open water from oil spills
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-saving blowout-preventing pressure relief device for an offshore fracturing wellhead, which relates to the technical field of fracturing wellheads and is used for solving the problems that crude oil generated by blowout of the existing offshore wellhead is usually blown out until the crude oil is automatically ended, waste of the crude oil is caused, the environment is polluted, and the plugging capability of the existing device for blowout is poor; compared with the existing device, the device has the advantages of faster reaction capability and better plugging capability for blowout occurrence, greatly reduces eruption of crude oil, collects the crude oil, reduces waste and reduces environmental pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fracturing wellhead plugging, in particular to an energy-saving blowout prevention pressure relief device for an offshore fracturing wellhead.
Background
Blowout is a phenomenon in which fluids in a formation are ejected out of the surface or flow into other formations in a well, and most of the phenomena occur in the field where petroleum and natural gas is produced, and the reason why blowout is caused is various: inaccurate control of formation pressure, lower mud density and reduced height of mud liquid column in the well; sucking out of the drill, and other improper measures, etc.
In the development and production process of oil fields, most oil wells are sucker rod type oil extraction, but the plugging capability of the existing device for blowout is poor, the erupted crude oil cannot be effectively collected in time, so that a large amount of crude oil is lost, toxic gas contained in the crude oil also causes huge pollution to the environment, the sucker rods are deflected to different degrees after the existing sucker rods are used for a long time, and if a large amount of dirt is attached to the surfaces of the sucker rods, the sealing difficulty of the sucker rods is increased, oil leakage occurs at a wellhead, the working environment of the oil pumping machine is worse, the sucker rods are easily broken due to lack of lubrication after long-time use, so that the danger of blowout at the wellhead is increased, and larger environmental pollution and potential safety hazard are caused;
therefore, we propose an energy-saving blowout-preventing pressure relief device for an offshore fracturing wellhead.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an energy-saving blowout-preventing pressure relief device for an offshore fracturing wellhead, which is used for solving the following problems:
the first threaded rod is rotated, so that the first piston pushes the semicircular oil guide pipe to be tightly attached to the sucker rod, further, the eruption of crude oil is reduced, the crude oil sprayed from the rock stratum at high speed enters the semicircular oil guide pipe and enters the oil collecting tank through the oil conveying pipe, the effective collection of crude oil generated by blowout of an offshore wellhead is realized, the pollution to the sea is effectively reduced, and the problems that the crude oil generated by blowout of the existing offshore wellhead is wasted and the environment is polluted because the crude oil is usually erupted until the crude oil is automatically ended are solved; through rotating the second threaded rod, make the third piston drive the impeller and remove, and then make first semicircular shear knife and the semicircular shear knife of second mutually support and cut off the sucker rod to in the semicircular draw-in groove that first semicircular shear knife can get into the semicircular shear knife of second and offer, form inclosed space in communicating pipe, realize the shutoff to crude oil mixture's further, solve the problem that current device takes place the shutoff ability poor of blowout to the offshore wellhead.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the energy-saving blowout-preventing pressure relief device for the offshore fracturing wellhead comprises a blowout preventer body, a sucker rod and a communicating pipe, wherein the communicating pipe is fixedly arranged at the top of the blowout preventer body through a bolt, a lubricating assembly is arranged in the communicating pipe, the sucker rod is arranged in the blowout preventer body, an oil collecting assembly is arranged at one end of the blowout preventer body, first connecting pipes are symmetrically arranged at the outer sides of the communicating pipe, a shearing assembly is arranged in the first connecting pipes, and a plugging assembly is arranged in the blowout preventer body;
the oil collecting assembly comprises a second connecting pipe, a third connecting pipe, sealing rings, oil delivery pipes, semicircular oil guide pipes, a first threaded rod, handles, a first piston and a first support, wherein the outer sides of the blowout preventer bodies are symmetrically communicated with the second connecting pipe and the third connecting pipe respectively, the oil delivery pipes are installed on the inner walls of the second connecting pipes through the sealing rings, the semicircular oil guide pipes are rotationally connected to the inner sides of the blowout preventer bodies and symmetrically arranged, the two semicircular oil guide pipes are matched with the sucker rods, the sealing rings are installed on the adjacent sides of the semicircular oil guide pipes, the first threaded rod is installed in the inner part of the third connecting pipe, one end of the first threaded rod is fixedly provided with the handle through spot welding, the other end of the first threaded rod is movably connected with the first piston through a bearing, the sealing rings are installed on one sides of the first piston and matched with the third connecting pipe, and one sides of the first piston far away from the first threaded rod are rotationally connected with the semicircular oil guide pipes through the first support.
Further, the oil collecting assembly further comprises a cross rod, an oil collecting tank, an oil baffle plate, a filter screen, a hairbrush, a drain pipe and an oil outlet pipe, wherein the cross rod is fixed on the outer side of the blowout preventer body through spot welding, the oil collecting tank is fixedly connected to the top of the cross rod and is communicated with the oil delivery pipe, the oil baffle plate is fixedly connected to the inside of the oil collecting tank, the filter screen is fixedly connected between the oil baffle plate and the inner wall of the oil collecting tank, a through hole is formed in the outer side of the oil collecting tank, a long rod is sleeved in the through hole, one end of the long rod is fixedly connected with the hairbrush, the other end of the long rod extends to the outer side of the oil collecting tank, the hairbrush is matched with the filter screen, the drain pipe is communicated with the bottom of the oil collecting tank, a switch is installed on the outer side of the drain pipe, and one side of the oil collecting tank is communicated with the oil outlet pipe.
Further, the shutoff subassembly includes sleeve pipe, second piston, first telescopic link and gasbag, sheathed tube one end is linked together with semi-circular oil pipe that leads, sheathed tube other end intercommunication has the gasbag, sheathed tube internally mounted has the second piston, be connected through first telescopic link between second piston and the sleeve pipe, and first telescopic link outside cover is equipped with first spring.
Further, the shearing assembly comprises a third piston, a second threaded rod, a pushing block, a first semicircular shearing knife, a second semicircular shearing knife and a semicircular clamping groove, wherein one side of the third piston is movably connected with the second threaded rod through a bearing, one end, far away from the third piston, of the second threaded rod is fixedly connected with a handle, one side of the third piston is provided with a sealing ring, and the sealing ring is matched with the first connecting pipe.
Further, one side of the third piston away from the second threaded rod is fixedly connected with a pushing block, one end of the pushing block is provided with a first semicircular shearing knife through detachable mounting, the other end of the pushing block is provided with a second semicircular shearing knife through detachable mounting, one end of the second semicircular shearing knife is provided with a semicircular clamping groove, and the semicircular clamping groove is matched with the first semicircular shearing knife.
Further, the slotted hole has been seted up to the inside symmetry of communicating pipe, lubrication module includes semi-circular support cutting ferrule, semi-circular support cutting ferrule is installed to the inside symmetry of communicating pipe, first spout has been seted up in the outside of semi-circular support cutting ferrule, the top threaded connection of semi-circular support cutting ferrule has the third threaded rod, the outside cover of third threaded rod is equipped with the sleeve, and two telescopic internal screw threads revolve to opposite directions, telescopic outside has the backup pad through second leg joint, slipmat is installed to one side of backup pad, the backup pad cooperatees with the slotted hole.
Further, the bottom of semi-circular support cutting ferrule is fixed with the scraper blade through the spot welding, the scraper blade cooperatees with the sucker rod, the outside of semi-circular support cutting ferrule has the ball through bearing swing joint, the internally mounted of semi-circular support cutting ferrule has the oil filler pipe, and the oil filler pipe cooperatees with the ball, the sealing plug is installed to the one end that the oil filler pipe is located the top.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. when the oil well blowout preventer is applied to oil well blowout, the first threaded rods at two sides of the blowout preventer body are rotated, so that the first pistons push the semicircular oil guide pipes to approach the sucker rods until the semicircular oil guide pipes are tightly attached to the sucker rods, the blowout of crude oil is reduced, the crude oil sprayed from the rock stratum at high speed enters the semicircular oil guide pipes and enters the oil collecting tank through the oil conveying pipes, the oil baffle arranged in the oil collecting tank effectively buffers the crude oil spraying speed, the impact force of the crude oil is greatly reduced, the filter screen filters cement, rock particles and sludge mixed in the crude oil, the purity degree of the crude oil passing through the oil outlet pipe is further improved, the crude oil produced by blowout of an offshore wellhead is effectively collected, the pollution to the sea is effectively reduced, the problem that the crude oil produced by blowout of the existing offshore wellhead is usually free until the crude oil is automatically ended is solved, the waste of the crude oil is caused, and the problem of environmental pollution is solved.
2. When the invention is applied to oil well eruption, a part of crude oil which is sprayed at high speed enters an oil collecting tank through an oil pipeline, and a part of crude oil which flows at high speed continuously impacts a second piston, so that the second piston moves in a sleeve and compresses air sealed inside until the air inside is completely filled into an air bag, the air bag is continuously filled with air, the volume of the air bag is continuously increased until the air bag is tightly attached to a sucker rod, further plugging is carried out on a crude oil mixture from a rock stratum, and the plugging of blowout on an offshore wellhead is greatly improved.
3. When the oil well blowout control device is applied to oil well blowout, the second threaded rods at two sides of the communicating pipe are rotated, so that the third piston drives the pushing blocks to move, the two pushing blocks respectively drive the first semicircular shearing knife and the second semicircular shearing knife to move towards the sucker rod, the first semicircular shearing knife and the second semicircular shearing knife are mutually matched to cut off the sucker rod until the first semicircular shearing knife enters the semicircular clamping groove formed by the second semicircular shearing knife, a closed space is formed in the communicating pipe, further plugging of a crude oil mixture is realized, and the problem that the plugging capability of the existing device for blowout on an offshore wellhead is poor is solved.
4. When the invention is applied to the normal oil pumping environment of an oil well, the third threaded rod is rotated to drive the two sleeves with opposite internal threads to be mutually close until the supporting plate is tightly supported in the slotted hole, so that when the oil pumping rod moves up and down, the balls continuously lubricate and cool the oil pumping rod to prevent rust, prolong the service life of the oil pumping rod, ensure the tightness for a long time, ensure that the oil pumping rod can move up and down without deviation, and solve the problem of oil leakage of a wellhead caused by deflection shaking and breakage after the traditional oil pumping rod is used for a long time.
5. When the oil collecting tank is used, the brush connected with the long rod is moved to clean dirt attached to the surface of the filter screen, the filter screen is prevented from being blocked due to condensation of the dirt attached to the surface of the filter screen, crude oil cannot enter the oil outlet pipe through the filter screen, the switch is turned on, the dirt in the oil collecting tank is discharged through the blow-off pipe, the dirt with certain toxicity and pollution capability is cleaned, and the dirt is prevented from diffusing and polluting the external environment.
Drawings
For the convenience of those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings;
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the plugging process according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the area A of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the area B of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the structure of the region C of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the structure of the region D of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a semicircular oil guide pipe according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a plan view showing a structure of a communication pipe according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a shear sucker rod of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a process for plugging a sucker rod by a semicircular oil guide pipe;
FIG. 12 is a bottom view of a semi-circular oil conduit fully plugging sucker rod structure of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a blowout preventer body; 2. a sucker rod; 3. a communicating pipe; 301. a slot hole; 4. a lubrication assembly; 401. a semicircular supporting clamping sleeve; 402. a first chute; 403. a third threaded rod; 404. a sleeve; 405. a second bracket; 406. a support plate; 407. a scraper; 408. a ball; 409. an oil injection pipeline; 6. an oil collection assembly; 601. a second connection pipe; 602. a third connection pipe; 603. a seal ring; 604. an oil delivery pipe; 605. a semicircular oil guide pipe; 606. a first threaded rod; 607. a handle; 608. a first piston; 609. a first bracket; 610. a cross bar; 611. an oil collecting tank; 612. an oil baffle plate; 613. a filter screen; 614. a brush; 615. a blow-down pipe; 616. an oil outlet pipe; 617. a long rod; 7. a first connection pipe; 8. a shear assembly; 801. a third piston; 802. a second threaded rod; 803. a pushing block; 804. a first semicircular shear; 805. a second semicircular shear; 806. a semicircular clamping groove; 9. a plugging assembly; 901. a sleeve; 902. a second piston; 903. a first telescopic rod; 904. an air bag.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment one:
as shown in fig. 1-2 and fig. 5, the outer side of the blowout preventer body 1 is symmetrically connected with a second connecting pipe 601 and a third connecting pipe 602 respectively, an oil conveying pipe 604 is installed on the inner wall of the second connecting pipe 601 through a sealing ring 603, a part of crude oil sprayed at high speed enters an oil collecting tank 611 through the oil conveying pipe 604, and a part of crude oil flowing at high speed continuously impacts a second piston 902 included in a plugging assembly 9, so that the second piston 902 moves in a sleeve 901 and compresses air sealed inside until the air inside the sleeve is completely filled into an air bag 904, the air bag 904 is continuously filled with air, the volume of the air bag 904 is continuously increased until the air bag 904 is tightly attached to a sucker rod 2, further plugging of a crude oil mixture from a rock stratum is achieved, the plugging of a marine wellhead is greatly improved, when the impact force of the crude oil is insufficient to be sprayed in a large range, the first telescopic rod 903 is subjected to the acting force of a first spring, the second piston 902 is reversely moved, so that the air inside the air bag 904 is pumped back into the sleeve 901, the air bag 904 is not filled with air, the air bag 904 has the elasticity and the original air bag 904 has the advantages of being used repeatedly.
By arranging the plugging assembly 9, a part of crude oil flowing at high speed enters the sleeve 901 through the semicircular oil guide pipe 605, the crude oil continuously impacts the second piston 902, so that gas in the sleeve 901 is filled into the air bag 904, the semicircular oil guide pipe 605 and the air bag 904 timely plug the blown crude oil rapidly, the difficulty of subsequently shearing the sucker rod 2 is greatly reduced, the invention can rapidly respond when the wellhead is blown, the effective plugging of the crude oil is realized, the waste of the crude oil is reduced, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.
Embodiment two:
as shown in fig. 1-3, 5-8 and 10-12, when the invention is applied to oil well eruption, the handle 607 included in the oil collecting assembly 6 is rotated to drive the first threaded rod 606 to rotate, and the first piston 608 is rotationally connected with the semicircular oil guide pipe 605 through the first bracket 609, so that the first piston 608 pushes the semicircular oil guide pipe 605 to approach the sucker rod 2 until the semicircular oil guide pipe 605 is tightly attached to the sucker rod 2, thereby reducing crude oil eruption, enabling crude oil ejected from the rock stratum at high speed to enter the semicircular oil guide pipe 605 and enter the oil collecting tank 611 through the oil conveying pipe 604, the bottom of the oil collecting tank 611 is supported through the cross rod 610, the oil baffle 612 arranged in the oil collecting tank 611 effectively buffers the speed of crude oil ejection, greatly reduces the impact force of the crude oil, the filter screen 613 filters cement, rock particles and sludge mixed in the crude oil, the purity degree of the crude oil passing through the oil outlet pipe 616 is further improved, the crude oil generated by blowout of the offshore wellhead is effectively collected, the pollution to the sea is effectively reduced, the problems that the crude oil generated by blowout of the existing offshore wellhead is usually jettisoned until the crude oil is automatically finished, the waste of the crude oil is caused, and the environment is polluted are solved, a shearing assembly 8 is arranged in the first connecting pipe 7, the third piston 801 drives the pushing block 803 to move by rotating the second threaded rods 802 at the two sides of the connecting pipe 3, the two pushing blocks 803 respectively drive the first semicircular shearing blade 804 and the second semicircular shearing blade 805 to move towards the sucker rod 2, the first semicircular shearing blade 804 and the second semicircular shearing blade 805 are mutually matched to cut off the sucker rod 2, until the first semicircular shearing knife 804 enters the semicircular clamping groove 806 formed in the second semicircular shearing knife 805, a closed space is formed in the communicating pipe 3, further plugging of the crude oil mixture is achieved, the problem that the plugging capability of the existing device for blowout of the offshore wellhead is poor is solved, after the blowout is finished, the long rod 617 is moved, the brush 614 connected with the long rod 617 cleans the filter screen 613, the filter screen 613 is prevented from being blocked due to condensation of dirt attached to the surface of the filter screen 613, crude oil cannot enter the oil outlet pipe 616 through the filter screen 613, and a switch is turned on, so that dirt inside the oil collecting tank 611 is discharged through the drain pipe 615.
Embodiment III:
as shown in fig. 1-4 and fig. 9, when the invention is applied to the normal pumping environment of an oil well, the semicircular supporting cutting ferrule 401 is placed in the communicating pipe 3, the third threaded rod 403 included in the lubricating assembly 4 is rotated to drive the two sleeves 404 which are in opposite directions to slide in the first sliding groove 402 and approach each other until the supporting plate 406 connected by the second bracket 405 is tightly supported in the slotted hole 301, the balls 408 are tightly contacted with the pumping rod 2, after the pumping rod 2 is used for a period of time, the sealing plug is opened, lubricating oil is added into the oil injection pipeline 409, so that when the pumping rod 2 moves up and down, the balls 408 continuously lubricate and cool the pumping rod 2 to prevent rust, prolong the service life of the pumping rod 2, ensure the tightness of the pumping rod 2 for a long time, and also ensure the up and down movement of the pumping rod 2 without deviation, solve the problem that the oil leakage of a wellhead is caused by deflection shaking and breaking after the existing pumping rod 2 is used for a long time, the bottom of the semicircular supporting ferrule 401 is fixedly provided with the scraping plate 407 through spot welding, the scraping plate 407 is used for scraping dirt attached to the surface of the pumping rod 2, and the surface of the pumping rod 2 is changed into solid dirt which is normally used by the drying object for a long time.
The working process and principle of the invention are as follows:
when the offshore oil well blows out, the first threaded rod 606 is rotated, the first piston 608 pushes the semicircular oil guide pipe 605 to approach the sucker rod 2 until the semicircular oil guide pipe 605 is tightly attached to the sucker rod 2, thereby realizing the primary plugging of crude oil, further reducing the eruption of crude oil, providing a great amount of time for operators to deal with the blowout accident and providing a working environment with less pollution, a part of high-speed flowing crude oil continuously impacts the second piston 902, so that the second piston 902 moves in the sleeve 901 and compresses the air sealed inside until the air inside is completely filled into the air bag 904, the air bag 904 continuously fills the air bag 904, the volume of the air bag 904 continuously increases until the air bag 904 is tightly attached to the sucker rod 2, realizing the further plugging of the crude oil mixture from the rock stratum, greatly improving the plugging effect on the offshore wellhead, meanwhile, the other part of the crude oil sprayed at high speed enters the semicircular oil guide pipe 605 and enters the oil collecting tank 611 through the oil conveying pipe 604, the oil baffle 612 effectively buffers the speed of the crude oil spraying, and greatly reduces the impact force of the crude oil, the filter screen 613 filters cement, rock particles and silt mixed in the crude oil, the purity degree of the crude oil passing through the oil outlet pipe 616 is further improved, and the crude oil is discharged through the oil outlet pipe 616, so that the crude oil generated by blowout of an offshore wellhead is effectively collected, the pollution to the sea is effectively reduced, when the operation is carried out, an operator rotates the second threaded rod 802 to drive the third piston 801 to drive the pushing blocks 803 to move, the two pushing blocks 803 respectively drive the first semicircular shearing blade 804 and the second semicircular shearing blade 805 to move towards the sucker rod 2, the first semicircular shearing cutter 804 and the second semicircular shearing cutter 805 are matched with each other to cut off the sucker rod 2 until the first semicircular shearing cutter 804 enters a semicircular clamping groove 806 formed in the second semicircular shearing cutter 805, a closed space is formed in the communicating pipe 3, further plugging of the crude oil mixture is achieved, after blowout is stopped, a switch on the blow-off pipe 615 is rotated, and cement, rock particles and silt remained at the bottom of the oil collecting tank 611 are removed;
when the oil well oil pumping device is applied to the normal oil pumping environment of an oil well, the sucker rod 2 is easy to be blocked due to the lack of lubricating oil after long-time working, at the moment, the sealing plug is opened, the lubricating oil is injected into the oil injection pipeline 409, and the lubricating oil effectively lubricates the balls 408, so that the sucker rod 2 is lubricated, the rust and the temperature of the sucker rod 2 are prevented, the service life of the sucker rod 2 is prolonged, and the tightness of the sucker rod 2 is ensured for a long time.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended only to assist in the explanation of the invention. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and the full scope and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an energy-saving blowout prevention pressure relief device for offshore fracturing well head, includes preventer body (1), sucker rod (2) and communicating pipe (3), there is communicating pipe (3) at the top of preventer body (1) through bolt fixed mounting, internally mounted of communicating pipe (3) has lubrication subassembly (4), internally mounted of preventer body (1) has sucker rod (2), a serial communication port, oil collection subassembly (6) are installed to the one end of preventer body (1), first connecting pipe (7) are installed to the outside symmetry of communicating pipe (3), install shearing subassembly (8) in first connecting pipe (7), internally mounted of preventer body (1) has shutoff subassembly (9);
the oil collecting assembly (6) comprises a second connecting pipe (601), a third connecting pipe (602), a sealing ring (603), oil delivery pipes (604), semicircular oil delivery pipes (605), a first threaded rod (606), a handle (607), a first piston (608) and a first bracket (609), wherein the second connecting pipe (601) and the third connecting pipe (602) are respectively and symmetrically communicated with the outer side of the blowout preventer body (1), the oil delivery pipes (604) are installed on the inner wall of the second connecting pipe (601) through the sealing ring (603), the semicircular oil delivery pipes (605) are rotatably connected in the blowout preventer body (1), the semicircular oil delivery pipes (605) are symmetrically arranged, the two semicircular oil delivery pipes (605) are matched with the sucker rod (2), the sealing ring (603) is installed on one side adjacent to the semicircular oil delivery pipes (605), the first threaded rod (606) is internally installed on the third connecting pipe (602), one end of the first threaded rod (606) is fixedly provided with the handle (607) through spot welding, the other end of the first threaded rod (606) is movably connected with the first piston (608) through a bearing, the first piston (603) is installed on one side of the first threaded rod (603) and matched with the sealing ring (603), one side of the first piston (608) far away from the first threaded rod (606) is rotationally connected with the semicircular oil guide pipe (605) through a first bracket (609);
the oil collecting assembly (6) further comprises a cross rod (610), an oil collecting tank (611), an oil baffle plate (612), a filter screen (613), a hairbrush (614), a drain pipe (615) and an oil outlet pipe (616), wherein the cross rod (610) is fixed on the outer side of the blowout preventer body (1) through spot welding, the oil collecting tank (611) is fixedly connected to the top of the cross rod (610), the oil collecting tank (611) is communicated with the oil conveying pipe (604), the oil baffle plate (612) is fixedly connected to the inside of the oil collecting tank (611), the filter screen (613) is fixedly connected between the oil baffle plate (612) and the inner wall of the oil collecting tank (611), a through hole is formed in the outer side of the oil collecting tank (611), a long rod (617) is sleeved in the through hole, one end of the long rod (617) is fixedly connected with the hairbrush (614), the other end of the long rod (617) extends to the outer side of the oil collecting tank (611), the hairbrush (614) is matched with the filter screen (613), the bottom of the oil collecting tank (611) is communicated with the drain pipe (615), the filter screen (613) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the oil collecting tank (611), and one side of the oil collecting pipe (616).
The plugging assembly (9) comprises a sleeve (901), a second piston (902), a first telescopic rod (903) and an air bag (904), one end of the sleeve (901) is communicated with a semicircular oil guide pipe (605), the other end of the sleeve (901) is communicated with the air bag (904), the second piston (902) is mounted in the sleeve (901), the second piston (902) is connected with the sleeve (901) through the first telescopic rod (903), and a first spring is sleeved outside the first telescopic rod (903).
2. The energy-saving blowout prevention and pressure relief device for the offshore fracturing wellhead according to claim 1, wherein the shearing assembly (8) comprises a third piston (801), a second threaded rod (802), a pushing block (803), a first semicircular shearing knife (804), a second semicircular shearing knife (805) and a semicircular clamping groove (806), one side of the third piston (801) is movably connected with the second threaded rod (802) through a bearing, one end, far away from the third piston (801), of the second threaded rod (802) is fixedly connected with a handle (607), a sealing ring (603) is installed on one side of the third piston (801), and the sealing ring (603) is matched with the first connecting pipe (7).
3. The energy-saving blowout-preventing pressure relief device for the offshore fracturing wellhead according to claim 2, wherein one side, far away from the second threaded rod (802), of the third piston (801) is fixedly connected with a pushing block (803), one end of one pushing block (803) is detachably provided with a first semicircular shearing knife (804), one end of the other pushing block (803) is detachably provided with a second semicircular shearing knife (805), one end of the second semicircular shearing knife (805) is provided with a semicircular clamping groove (806), and the semicircular clamping groove (806) is matched with the first semicircular shearing knife (804).
4. The energy-saving blowout prevention and pressure relief device for an offshore fracturing wellhead according to claim 1, characterized in that slotted holes (301) are symmetrically formed in the communicating pipe (3), the lubricating component (4) comprises semicircular supporting clamping sleeves (401), the semicircular supporting clamping sleeves (401) are symmetrically mounted in the communicating pipe (3), first sliding grooves (402) are formed in the outer sides of the semicircular supporting clamping sleeves (401), third threaded rods (403) are connected with the tops of the semicircular supporting clamping sleeves (401) in a threaded mode, sleeves (404) are sleeved on the outer sides of the third threaded rods (403), the inner threads of the two sleeves (404) are opposite in rotation direction, supporting plates (406) are connected to the outer sides of the sleeves (404) through second supports (405), anti-slip pads are mounted on one sides of the supporting plates (406), and the supporting plates (406) are matched with the slotted holes (301).
5. The energy-saving blowout-preventing pressure relief device for an offshore fracturing wellhead according to claim 4, wherein a scraper (407) is fixed at the bottom of the semicircular supporting cutting ferrule (401) through spot welding, the scraper (407) is matched with a sucker rod (2), a ball (408) is movably connected to the outer side of the semicircular supporting cutting ferrule (401) through a bearing, an oil injection pipeline (409) is arranged in the semicircular supporting cutting ferrule (401), the oil injection pipeline (409) is matched with the ball (408), and a sealing plug is arranged at one end of the oil injection pipeline (409) at the top.
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| CN116398087B (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-08-18 | 山东高原油气装备有限公司 | Petroleum casing descaling device with anti-slip function and use method |
| CN116480311B (en) * | 2023-06-21 | 2023-10-03 | 烟台大学 | Blowout-preventing oil exploitation equipment |
| CN116517495B (en) * | 2023-06-30 | 2023-08-22 | 胜利油田长龙橡塑有限责任公司 | High-water-content wellhead sealing device |
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