CN114592711A - Device and method for replacing pull rod in steel grid structure - Google Patents
Device and method for replacing pull rod in steel grid structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN114592711A CN114592711A CN202210226932.2A CN202210226932A CN114592711A CN 114592711 A CN114592711 A CN 114592711A CN 202210226932 A CN202210226932 A CN 202210226932A CN 114592711 A CN114592711 A CN 114592711A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
- E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
Abstract
A device and a method for replacing a pull rod in a steel grid structure are disclosed, and the device comprises the following steps: the cable mechanism consists of a stay bar, a cable and a chuck; the two pairs of support rods are arranged oppositely left and right; the cable is wound on the two bolt balls through the two pairs of support rods; the first monitoring unit consists of a dynamometer and a force measurement display; the second monitoring unit is a distance monitoring unit or a strain monitoring unit, and the distance monitoring unit is composed of a clamp holder, a distance meter, a distance measuring display and a reflecting plate; the distance measuring instrument is arranged in the clamp holder; the strain monitoring unit consists of a strain gauge, a wireless transmitter and a strain display; the force application mechanism consists of a connector and a force applicator, and the connector is connected with the dynamometer through the force applicator; the dynamometer and the connector are respectively connected with two ends of the cable. The method comprises the following steps: judging a rod piece; selecting a device model; arranging devices; monitoring and replacing; and (5) recovering the device. The device and the method can improve the replacement efficiency of the pull rod, improve the safety factor of operation, and ensure the installation effect and the service life of the replaced net rack rod.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel net rack construction, and particularly relates to a device and a method for replacing a pull rod in a steel net rack structure.
Background
The steel net frame structure is widely applied to large spaces such as large-scale factory buildings, venues, super high-rise buildings and the like and in the building field of opening degree due to the advantages of light self weight, good bearing property, flexible arrangement mode, simple and convenient construction and the like.
At present stage, steel mesh frame structure is more and more applied on the building, and in long-term use, the curved or the cracked condition of member under often meeting the large stress effect, simultaneously, in outdoor use, also can have the condition of rust absolutely to take place, and when these circumstances appeared, the bearing capacity of member can descend by a wide margin, and then can lead to the decline of steel mesh frame wholeness ability, can produce the incident even. In order to ensure that the grid structure has stable bearing capacity and good service life in the subsequent use process, the rod piece with reduced bearing capacity needs to be replaced in time. In the prior art, the replacement of the rod is usually performed in a mode of manual operation by cooperating with multiple persons, and the rod needs to be operated at high altitude, so that the operation difficulty is high, the labor load is large, and a higher safety risk is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for replacing a pull rod in a steel grid structure, wherein the device is simple in structure, convenient in assembling and disassembling processes and capable of being repeatedly used for many times, so that the replacement efficiency of rod pieces can be improved, the safety coefficient in the process of high-altitude operation can be improved, and meanwhile, the labor load of operators can be reduced; the method has the advantages of simple steps, convenience in operation and strong universality, the pull rods can be replaced quickly and efficiently, the labor load and the quantity demand of operators can be reduced, meanwhile, the safety factor in the operation process can be effectively improved, and the installation effect and the service life of the replaced net rack rods can be ensured.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a replacing device for a pull rod in a steel grid structure, which comprises a cable mechanism, a monitoring mechanism and a force application mechanism, wherein the cable mechanism is connected with the monitoring mechanism;
the cable mechanism consists of a stay bar, a cable and a chuck; two ends of the stay bar in the length direction are both provided with cable holes; the two pairs of support rods are arranged at the two bolt balls at the outer sides of the two ends of the rod piece to be replaced in a left-right opposite mode, and each pair of support rods are arranged at the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle part of the same bolt ball in an up-down opposite mode; the starting end of the cable starts from the upper layer of the front side, the tail end of the cable transversely extends through the cable hole at the front side of the upper left stay bar to the left side, then passes through the cable hole at the rear side of the lower left stay bar by the lower layer of the rear side after being wound by the other member bars at the left side, then transversely extends through the cable hole at the rear side of the lower right stay bar by the upper layer of the rear side after being wound by the bolt ball at the right side, then transversely extends through the cable hole at the rear side of the upper left stay bar to the left side, then passes through the cable hole at the front side of the lower left stay bar by the lower layer of the front side after being wound by the bolt ball at the left side by the other member bars at the left side, then transversely extends through the cable hole at the front side of the lower right stay bar by the transverse extending through the cable hole at the front side of the upper right stay bar by the upper layer after being wound by the bolt ball at the other member bars at the right side, then passes through the cable hole at the front side of the upper right upper stay bar by the cable hole at the upper layer, then laterally extends to the left side to a position near the starting end; the two clamping heads are respectively connected with the starting end and the tail end of the mooring rope;
the monitoring mechanism consists of a first monitoring unit and a second monitoring unit, wherein the first monitoring unit is a tension monitoring unit which is arranged close to the bolt ball on one side and consists of a dynamometer and a force measurement display; the dynamometer has a wireless transmitting function, one end of the dynamometer is provided with a first cable connecting hole, the first cable connecting hole is sleeved outside the starting end of the cable through the cable connecting hole, meanwhile, the dynamometer is connected with the starting end of the cable through a chuck, the center of the other end of the dynamometer is provided with a positive thread full-tooth internal thread hole, and the outer contour of the other end of the dynamometer is of a hexagonal prism structure A; the force measurement display is connected with the dynamometer in a wireless mode and is used for displaying the force measurement value in real time;
the second monitoring unit is a distance monitoring unit or a strain monitoring unit, and the distance monitoring unit is composed of a clamp, a distance meter, a distance measuring display and a reflecting plate; the clamp holder consists of a channel piece, a distance meter fixing bolt, a U-shaped piece and a cable fixing bolt; the groove-shaped part consists of a vertical plate and two transverse plates which are oppositely and fixedly connected with the upper end and the lower end of one side surface of the vertical plate; the middle part of the transverse plate positioned at the upper part is provided with a vertical threaded hole A, and the left part and the right part of the transverse plate positioned at the lower part are respectively provided with a vertical threaded hole A; the distance measuring instrument fixing bolts are three in number and are connected in the three vertical threaded holes A from outside to inside in a threaded fit manner; the number of the U-shaped parts is two, and the U-shaped parts are respectively positioned at the left part and the right part of the other side surface of the vertical plate; the U-shaped part is internally provided with a cable hole and sleeved outside the cable through the cable hole, the closed end of the U-shaped part is vertically and fixedly connected with the vertical plate, and two opposite opening end parts of the U-shaped part are provided with a pair of vertical threaded holes B; the two cable fixing bolts respectively penetrate through the two pairs of vertical threaded holes B of the two U-shaped pieces and are respectively connected with locking nuts; the range finder is a coaxial bidirectional laser range finder with a wireless transmitting function, is arranged between two transverse plates and is locked and fixed in the groove-shaped piece through three range finder fixing bolts; the distance measuring display is connected with the distance measuring instrument in a wireless mode and used for displaying the distance measuring value in real time; the number of the reflecting plates is two, the reflecting plates are fixedly connected to the two bolt balls at the two ends of the rod piece to be replaced in a left-right opposite mode and are positioned at the two opposite sides of the range finder, and the normal line of the plane of each reflecting plate is parallel to the cable; the strain monitoring unit consists of a strain gauge, a wireless transmitter and a strain display, wherein the strain gauge is arranged on other rod pieces on two bolt balls on the outer side of the rod piece to be replaced and is connected with the wireless transmitter through a lead, and the wireless transmitter is connected with the strain display in a wireless communication mode;
the force applying mechanism consists of a connector and a force applying device and is arranged close to the bolt ball on one side; the center of one end of the connector is provided with a reverse-thread full-tooth internal thread hole, the outer contour of the end is of a hexagonal prism structure B, the other end of the connector is provided with a cable connecting hole II, the cable connecting hole II is sleeved outside the tail end of the cable, and meanwhile, the connector is connected with the tail end of the cable through a clamping head; the full tooth double-screw bolt of positive line of hexagonal prism one end and the full tooth double-screw bolt of anti-thread of fixed connection at the hexagonal prism other end of coaxial axle center constitute by the hexagonal prism that is located the middle part, the length, external diameter and the pitch of the full tooth double-screw bolt of positive line are unanimous with the hole depth, aperture and the pitch of positive line internal thread hole, and through the screw-thread fit cartridge in the full tooth internal thread hole of positive line, the length, external diameter and the pitch of the full tooth double-screw bolt of anti-thread are unanimous with the hole depth, aperture and the pitch of the full tooth internal thread hole of anti-thread, and through the screw-thread fit cartridge in the full tooth internal thread hole of anti-thread.
Further, for the convenient reading of observing the distancer, the reading window has been seted up at the middle part of riser.
Further, in order to ensure the bearing capacity of the stay bar and simultaneously enable the stay bar to be repeatedly used, the stay bar is a square or rectangular solid or hollow metal bar.
According to the invention, the stay bars are respectively arranged at the two bolt balls at the outer sides of the two ends of the rod piece to be replaced, and each pair of stay bars are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of each bolt ball, so that the cable can be effectively and stably supported in the process of connecting the two bolt balls through the cable, meanwhile, the tension can be reliably ensured to act on the bolt balls in the tightening process of the cable, and further, the safety of the steel grid structure in the rod piece replacing process can be ensured. One end of the dynamometer is provided with a first cable connecting hole, and one end of the connector is provided with a second cable connecting hole which can be conveniently connected with two ends of a cable; the other end that makes the dynamometer is provided with the whole tooth internal thread hole of positive line, the other end that makes the connector is provided with the whole tooth internal thread hole of negative line, and be provided with the strength of application that has the whole tooth double-screw bolt of positive line and the whole tooth double-screw bolt of negative line simultaneously between the two, can connect dynamometer and connector simultaneously through the strength of application, and then just can tighten up or relax the hawser through the mode of rotatory strength of application, thereby can adjust the pulling force change between two bolt balls, in order to provide reliable and stable support for changing the member. The first monitoring unit is a tension monitoring unit, tension change can be visually observed in real time in the process of tightening or loosening the mooring rope, and therefore safe and reliable operation in the replacement process can be guaranteed. The second monitoring unit is a distance monitoring unit or a strain monitoring unit, the stress change condition of other rod pieces can be monitored by monitoring the displacement of the two bolt balls, the rod pieces after replacement can be ensured to reach a preset installation state, and meanwhile, the stress of other rod pieces which are not replaced can be ensured to be maintained at a preset target, so that the safety of the replacement process of the rod pieces and the safety of structures in the subsequent use process are ensured. The device can position and fix the two bolt balls on the outer sides of the two ends of the rod piece to be replaced, so that the stability of a steel structure in the process of removing the rod piece to be replaced or installing the replacement rod piece is ensured; meanwhile, an operation platform does not need to be additionally erected at the position of the rod piece to be replaced, so that the construction cost is effectively saved; simultaneously, because the operation of tightening up or loosening of hawser all can adopt the spanner to operate, very big improvement the convenience of construction, can effectively improve the replacement efficiency of member. The device commonality is strong, both can be arranged in the replacement of pull rod among the existing spatial grid structure, also can be arranged in the replacement of pull rod among the newly-built rack, both can be used to the replacement of the impaired member of rack service phase, also can be used to the replacement of rack construction phase misuse member. The device simple structure can support the supporting mechanism who changes the member through a hawser, four vaulting poles, dynamometer, strength application ware, connector, and its occupation space is little, be convenient for equipment and dismantlement, can make things convenient for long-distance transport and short distance transport, simultaneously, can be fit for the work of carrying of high altitude construction in-process to be favorable to carrying on used repeatedly.
The invention also provides a method for replacing the pull rod in the steel grid structure, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: judging a rod piece;
in the original structure, the rod piece to be replaced, which is judged as the pull rod by the theoretical calculation result before replacement implementation, is confirmed on site so as to eliminate the change of the stress property of the rod piece caused by the installation error;
step two: selecting a device model;
s21: taking the tensile bearing capacity of the rod to be replaced or the actual tensile bearing capacity calculated according to the actual section and the yield strength of the rod calculated by the net rack theory as the bearing capacity F of the rod to be replaced;
s22: calculating the bearing force F required by a single cable according to the arrangement mode of the cables and the bearing force F of the rod piece to be replaced1And according to F1Calculating the minimum diameter d of the required single cableminSelecting the diameter of the cable according to the specification of the cable;
s23: according to F1Matching the force gauge, the force applying device, the connector and the support rod which are matched with each other;
step three: arranging devices;
s31: connecting a positive thread full-tooth stud of the force applying device to a positive thread internal thread hole of the force measuring device, and connecting a reverse thread full-tooth stud of the force applying device to a reverse thread full-tooth internal thread hole of the connector; meanwhile, two pairs of support rods are respectively arranged at two bolt balls at the outer sides of two ends of the rod piece to be replaced;
s32: the starting end of the cable is started from the upper layer of the front side and is connected with a cable connecting hole I of the dynamometer through a clamping head, the tail end of the cable transversely extends through a cable hole in the front side of the upper left stay bar to the left side firstly, then the cable transversely extends through a cable hole in the front side of the upper left stay bar from the lower layer of the rear side after being wound by other rod pieces on the left side, then transversely extends through a cable hole in the rear side of the lower right stay bar to the right side, then the cable transversely extends through a cable hole in the rear side of the upper right stay bar from the upper layer of the rear side after being wound by bolt balls on the right side through other rod pieces on the right side, then the cable hole in the front side of the lower left stay bar from the lower layer of the front side after being wound by bolt balls on the left side through other rod pieces on the left side, then transversely extends through a cable hole in the front side of the lower right stay bar to the right side, and then the cable hole in the front side of the upper right stay bar from the upper layer after being wound by bolt balls on the right side through other rod pieces The hole extends transversely towards the left side and is connected with a cable connecting hole II of the connector through a chuck;
s33: firstly, positioning and fixing a hexagonal prism structure A of the dynamometer and a hexagonal prism structure B of the connector by using two wrenches, and then adjusting a hexagonal prism on the dynamometer by using one wrench to enable the cable to reach a pre-tightening state;
s34: assembling a distance monitoring unit or a strain monitoring unit; when the distance monitoring unit is assembled, the distance measuring instrument is arranged in the clamp holder and is locked inside the groove-shaped part through the distance measuring instrument fixing bolt; the clamp fastener is sleeved outside the cable by utilizing a cable hole on the U-shaped piece, and the clamp fastener is locked on the cable by the cable fixing bolt; fixedly connecting the two reflecting plates to two bolt balls at two ends of the rod piece to be replaced oppositely, and enabling the two reflecting plates to be arranged right opposite to the distance measuring instrument; when the strain monitoring unit is assembled, a strain gauge and a wireless transmitter are arranged on the surface of the other rod piece on the bolt ball at the end part of the rod piece to be replaced;
s35: debugging the dynamometer to enable the dynamometer to be connected with a force measurement display, and debugging the distance measuring instrument or the strain gauge to enable the dynamometer to be connected with the distance measurement display or the strain display respectively;
step four: monitoring and replacing;
s41: rod replacement;
s411: the force applying device of the force applying mechanism is screwed to further tighten the cable until the strain value of other rod pieces or the distance value between two bolt balls changes, and the tension N of the tension meter at the moment is recorded0Strain value epsilon of strain gauge0Or reading L of a distance meter0；
S412: the sleeves at the two ends of the rod piece to be replaced are simultaneously unscrewed and screwed by the force application device of the force application mechanism alternately until the high-strength bolt on the rod piece to be replaced is separated from the two bolt balls;
s413: taking out the rod piece to be replaced, positioning the replacement rod piece, and aligning the high-strength bolts at the two ends of the replacement rod piece to bolt holes of the two bolt balls respectively;
s414: the sleeves at the two ends of the displacement rod piece are simultaneously screwed down and the force applying device of the force applying mechanism is unscrewed alternately until the reading of the force applying device is restored to N0。
S42: monitoring and controlling;
in the process of S41, synchronously monitoring the tension, the ball distance or the strain, and ensuring the safety of the rod replacement process and the safety of the subsequent use process; in the process of monitoring the tensile force, the force measuring meter ensures that the stress of the rod piece to be replaced is equal to that of the replacement rod piece; in the process of monitoring the ball distance, loosening the sleeves at the two ends of the rod piece to be replaced to increase the ball distance of the two bolt balls by delta L, tightening the force application device of the force application mechanism to reduce the ball distance of the two bolt balls by delta L, and monitoring that the change of the ball distance of the two bolt balls at the two ends of the rod piece to be replaced is not more than +/-delta L through the second monitoring unit; in the process of monitoring the strain, loosening sleeves at two ends of a rod piece to be replaced to increase the strain value of the strain gauge by delta epsilon, tightening a force applicator of the force application mechanism to reduce the strain value of the strain gauge by delta epsilon, and monitoring that the strain value of two other rod pieces in the extension line direction outside two bolt balls does not change more than +/-delta epsilon through a first monitoring unit;
step five: recovering the device;
and D, disassembling the recovery device according to the reverse sequence of the step three to finish the replacement process of the pull rod.
Further, in order to conveniently and quickly determine the pull rod to be replaced, in the first step, the judgment method is to use a wrench to try to screw any one sleeve at two ends of the rod piece to be replaced, the judgment is carried out according to the tightness condition, and if the pull rod is in the loose state, the pull rod is determined.
Further, in order to guarantee bearing capacity and service life, the mooring rope is a steel wire rope.
In the method, the cable mechanism is adopted to fix the two bolt balls outside the two ends of the rod piece to be replaced in a pulling manner, and meanwhile, the dynamometer with the cable connecting hole I and the connector with the cable connecting hole II are connected through the force applying device, so that the two bolt balls can be conveniently tensioned and positioned through the wrench, the replacement process is more convenient, meanwhile, the construction cost is effectively saved, and the replacement efficiency of the rod piece can be effectively improved. Because the first monitoring mechanism and the force application mechanism are arranged close to the bolt ball on one side, all manual operations can be concentrated near the position of the bolt ball, the replacement process is more suitable for aerial work, the safety factor in the aerial work process is greatly improved, and the construction cost can be effectively saved. The method has simple steps and simple and convenient operation process, the replacement process can be realized by one cable, four support rods, the dynamometer, the force applying device, the connector and the wrench, the operation process is convenient, the assembly and the disassembly are convenient, the long-distance transportation and the short-distance transportation are convenient,
meanwhile, the portable high-altitude work platform is suitable for carrying work in the high-altitude work process and is beneficial to repeated use. Meanwhile, the method has strong universality, can be used for replacing the pull rod in the existing grid structure, can also be used for replacing the pull rod in a newly-built grid, can be used for replacing a damaged rod piece in the use stage of the grid, and can also be used for replacing a rod piece which is misused in the construction stage of the grid.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a replacing apparatus for a tension rod in a steel wire frame structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 1-1 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the load cell of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the force applicator of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the construction of the connector of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the stay of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a distance monitoring unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a front view of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a rear view of FIG. 8;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of a reflection plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a flow chart illustrating a replacement method according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a cable mechanism 10, a cable 101, a front upper layer section 102, a front lower layer section 103, a rear upper layer section 104, a rear lower layer section 11, a chuck 12, a stay bar 13 and a cable hole;
2. the device comprises a monitoring mechanism, 20, a dynamometer, 201, a hexagonal prism structure A, 21, a distance measuring instrument, 210, a reading window, 211, a cable hole, 212, a groove-shaped piece, 2121, a vertical plate, 2122, a transverse plate, 213, a U-shaped piece, 214, a distance measuring instrument fixing bolt, 215, a cable fixing bolt, 22, a positive thread full-tooth internal thread hole, 23, a clamp holder, 24, a reflecting plate, 25, a strain gauge, 26, a wireless transmitter, 27, a strain display, 28 and a cable connecting hole I;
3. the force application mechanism 30, the force application device 31, the connector 310, the hexagonal prism structure B, 32, the regular-thread full-tooth stud 33, the reverse-thread full-tooth stud 34, the hexagonal prism structure 35, the full-tooth internal thread hole 36 and the cable connecting hole II;
4. original structure, 40, bolt ball, 41, other rod, 42, rod to be replaced, 43, sleeve.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the present invention provides a replacing device for a pull rod in a steel grid structure, which comprises a cable mechanism 1, a monitoring mechanism 2 and a force application mechanism 3;
the cable mechanism 1 consists of a stay bar 12, a cable 10 and a chuck 11; both ends of the stay bar 12 in the length direction are provided with cable holes 13; the two pairs of supporting rods 12 are oppositely arranged at the two bolt balls 40 at the outer sides of the two ends of the rod piece 42 to be replaced from left to right, each pair of supporting rods 12 are oppositely arranged at the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle part of the same bolt ball 40 from top to bottom, and meanwhile, each supporting rod 12 transversely extends in the front-back direction; the cable 10 starts at the upper front layer and has its end extending laterally to the left through the cable hole 13 at the front side of the upper left stay 12, then through the cable hole 13 at the rear side of the lower left stay 12 from the lower rear layer after being wound around the bolt ball 40 at the left side by the other left rod 41, then to the right through the cable hole 13 at the rear side of the lower right stay 12, then through the cable hole 13 at the rear side of the upper right stay 12 from the upper rear layer after being wound around the bolt ball 40 at the right side by the other right rod 41, then to the left through the cable hole 13 at the rear side of the upper left stay 12 from the lower front layer after being wound around the bolt ball 40 at the left side by the other left rod 41, then to the right through the cable hole 13 at the front side of the lower left stay 12 from the lower front layer after being wound around the bolt ball 40 at the left side, then to the cable hole 13 at the front side of the lower right stay 12 from the upper front layer after being wound around the bolt ball 41 at the other right side, and then to the cable hole 13 at the front side of the upper right stay 12 13 and then laterally extended to the left side to a position near the starting end; the two clamping heads 11 are respectively connected with the starting end and the tail end of the cable 10;
the monitoring mechanism 2 consists of a first monitoring unit and a second monitoring unit, wherein the first monitoring unit is a tension monitoring unit, is arranged close to the bolt ball 40 on one side and consists of a dynamometer 20 and a force measurement display; the dynamometer 20 has a wireless transmitting function, one end of the dynamometer is provided with a first cable connecting hole 28, the first cable connecting hole 28 is sleeved outside the starting end of the cable 10, meanwhile, the dynamometer is connected with the starting end of the cable 10 through a clamping head 11, the center of the other end of the dynamometer is provided with a positive thread full-tooth internal threaded hole 22, and the outer contour of the other end of the dynamometer is of a hexagonal prism structure A201; the force measurement display is connected with the dynamometer 20 in a wireless mode and is used for displaying the force measurement value in real time;
the second monitoring unit is a distance monitoring unit or a strain monitoring unit, and the distance monitoring unit is composed of a clamp 23, a distance meter 21, a distance measuring display and a reflecting plate 24; the holder 23 is composed of a trough member 212, a range finder fixing bolt 214, a U-shaped member 213 and a cable fixing bolt 215; the channel-shaped member 212 is composed of a vertical plate 2121 and two transverse plates 2122 which are oppositely and fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of one side surface of the vertical plate 2121; a vertical threaded hole a is formed in the middle of the upper transverse plate 2122, and a vertical threaded hole a is formed in each of the left and right portions of the lower transverse plate 2122; the number of the distance measuring instrument fixing bolts 214 is three, and the distance measuring instrument fixing bolts are matched through threads and connected into the three vertical threaded holes A from outside to inside; the number of the U-shaped parts 213 is two, and the U-shaped parts are respectively positioned at the left part and the right part of the other side surface of the vertical plate 2121; the U-shaped part 213 is internally provided with a cable hole 211 and is sleeved outside the cable 10 through the cable hole 211, the closed end of the U-shaped part 213 is vertically and fixedly connected with the vertical plate 2121, and two opposite opening ends of the U-shaped part are provided with a pair of vertical threaded holes B; the two cable fixing bolts 215 are respectively arranged in the two pairs of vertical threaded holes B of the two U-shaped pieces 213 in a penetrating manner and are respectively connected with a locking nut; the range finder 21 is a coaxial two-way laser range finder with wireless transmission function, which is arranged between two transverse plates 2122 and is locked and fixed inside the channel-shaped member 212 by three range finder fixing bolts 214; the distance measuring display is connected with the distance measuring instrument 21 in a wireless mode and is used for displaying the distance measuring value in real time; the number of the reflecting plates 24 is two, the reflecting plates are fixedly connected to the two bolt balls 40 at the two ends of the rod member 42 to be replaced in a left-right opposite manner and are positioned at the two opposite sides of the distance measuring instrument 21, and the normal line of the plane of the reflecting plate 24 is parallel to the cable 10; through the setting of distance monitoring unit, can conveniently treat the real-time measurement of the original member both ends bolt ball distance of replacement, like this, can watch the member in real time and treat the relative displacement between the bolt ball of replacement member both ends in the replacement process, and then can ensure that the position of member both ends bolt ball does not take place great change before and after the member replacement to can ensure that the structure before and after the replacement is in same safe level, ensure security and stability in the follow-up use of steel mesh frame.
The strain monitoring unit consists of a strain gauge 25, a wireless transmitter 26 and a strain display 27, wherein the strain gauge 25 is arranged on other rod pieces 41 on two bolt balls 40 on the outer sides of the rod pieces to be replaced and is connected with the wireless transmitter 26 through a lead, and the wireless transmitter 26 is connected with the strain display 27 in a wireless communication mode; can carry out real-time measurement to the condition of meeting an emergency of other member bars through the monitoring unit that meets an emergency, like this, can see the atress change of other member bars in the member replacement process in real time, and then can ensure that each other member bar atress does not take place great change to can ensure that the structure before and after the replacement is in same safe level, and further guarantee the security of adjacent component.
The force application mechanism 3 consists of a connector 31 and a force applicator 30 and is arranged close to a bolt ball 40 on one side; the center of one end of the connector 31 is provided with a reverse-thread full-tooth internal thread hole 35, the outer contour of the end is a hexagonal prism structure B310, the other end of the end is provided with a cable connecting hole II 36, the cable connecting hole II 36 is sleeved outside the tail end of the cable 10, and meanwhile, the connector is connected with the tail end of the cable 10 through the clamping head 11; the force applying device 30 is composed of a hexagonal prism 34 positioned at the middle part, a positive thread full-thread stud 32 fixedly connected with the same axis at one end of the hexagonal prism 34 and a negative thread full-thread stud 33 fixedly connected with the same axis at the other end of the hexagonal prism 34, the length, the outer diameter and the thread distance of the positive thread full-thread stud 32 are consistent with the hole depth, the hole diameter and the thread distance of the positive thread internal thread hole 22, and are inserted into the positive thread full-thread internal thread hole 22 through thread matching, the length, the outer diameter and the thread distance of the negative thread full-thread stud 33 are consistent with the hole depth, the hole diameter and the thread distance of the negative thread full-thread internal thread hole 35, and are inserted into the negative thread full-thread internal thread hole 35 through thread matching.
In order to observe the reading of the distance measuring instrument conveniently, a reading window 210 is formed in the middle of the vertical plate 2121.
In order to ensure the load-bearing capacity of the stay and at the same time to enable the stay to be reused several times, the stay 12 is a square or rectangular solid or hollow metal rod.
According to the invention, the stay bars are respectively arranged at the two bolt balls at the outer sides of the two ends of the rod piece to be replaced, and each pair of stay bars are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of each bolt ball, so that the cable can be effectively and stably supported in the process of connecting the two bolt balls through the cable, meanwhile, the tension can be reliably ensured to act on the bolt balls in the tightening process of the cable, and further, the safety of the steel grid structure in the rod piece replacing process can be ensured. One end of the dynamometer is provided with a first cable connecting hole, and one end of the connector is provided with a second cable connecting hole which can be conveniently connected with two ends of a cable; the other end that makes the dynamometer is provided with the whole tooth internal thread hole of positive line, the other end that makes the connector is provided with the whole tooth internal thread hole of negative line, and be provided with the strength of application that has the whole tooth double-screw bolt of positive line and the whole tooth double-screw bolt of negative line simultaneously between the two, can connect dynamometer and connector simultaneously through the strength of application, and then just can tighten up or relax the hawser through the mode of rotatory strength of application, thereby can adjust the pulling force change between two bolt balls, in order to provide reliable and stable support for changing the member. The first monitoring unit is a tension monitoring unit, tension change can be visually observed in real time in the process of tightening or loosening the mooring rope, and therefore safe and reliable operation in the replacement process can be guaranteed. The second monitoring unit is a distance monitoring unit or a strain monitoring unit, the stress change condition of other rod pieces can be monitored by monitoring the displacement of the two bolt balls, the rod pieces after replacement can be ensured to reach a preset installation state, and meanwhile, the stress of other rod pieces which are not replaced can be ensured to be maintained at a preset target, so that the safety of the replacement process of the rod pieces and the safety of structures in the subsequent use process are ensured. The device can position and fix the two bolt balls on the outer sides of the two ends of the rod piece to be replaced, so that the stability of a steel structure in the process of dismantling the rod piece to be replaced or in the process of installing the replacement rod piece is ensured; meanwhile, an operation platform does not need to be additionally erected at the position of the rod piece to be replaced, so that the construction cost is effectively saved; simultaneously, because the operation of tightening up or loosening of hawser all can adopt the spanner to operate, very big improvement the convenience of construction, can effectively improve the replacement efficiency of member. The device commonality is strong, both can be arranged in the replacement of pull rod among the existing spatial grid structure, also can be arranged in the replacement of pull rod among the newly-built rack, both can be used to the replacement of the impaired member of rack service phase, also can be used to the replacement of rack construction phase misuse member. The device simple structure can support the supporting mechanism who changes the member through a hawser, four vaulting poles, dynamometer, strength application ware, connector, and its occupation space is little, be convenient for equipment and dismantlement, can make things convenient for long-distance transport and short distance transport, simultaneously, can be fit for the work of carrying of high altitude construction in-process to be favorable to carrying on used repeatedly.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 12, the present invention also provides a method for replacing a tie rod in a steel grid structure, which specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: judging a rod piece;
in the original structure 4, the rod piece 42 to be replaced, which is judged as the pull rod through the theoretical calculation result before replacement implementation, is confirmed on site so as to eliminate the change of the stress property of the rod piece caused by the installation error;
step two: selecting a device model;
s21: the tension bearing capacity of the rod piece 42 to be replaced calculated according to the net rack theory or the actual tension bearing capacity calculated according to the actual section and the yield strength of the rod piece is taken as the bearing capacity F of the rod piece 42 to be replaced;
s22: calculating the required bearing force F of a single cable 10 according to the arrangement of the cables 10 and the bearing force F of the rod 42 to be replaced1And according to F1Calculating the minimum diameter d of the single cable 10 requiredminSelecting the diameter of the cable 10 according to the specification of the cable 10;
s23: according to F1Matching the force gauge 20, the force applicator 30, the connector 31 and the stay 12;
step three: arranging devices;
s31: connecting the positive threaded full-tooth stud 32 of the force applicator 30 to the positive threaded internally threaded hole 22 of the force gauge 20, and connecting the negative threaded full-tooth stud 33 of the force applicator 30 to the negative threaded internally threaded hole 35 of the connector 31; meanwhile, two pairs of stay bars 12 are respectively arranged at two bolt balls 40 outside both ends of a rod member 42 to be replaced;
s32: the cable 10 is started from the front upper layer and connected with the cable connecting hole one 28 of the dynamometer 20 by a chuck 11, and the end of the cable 10 is firstly extended transversely to the left through the cable hole 13 at the front side of the left upper stay 12, then is wound by the other rod piece 41 at the left through the bolt ball 40 at the left and then is extended transversely to the right through the cable hole 13 at the rear side of the left lower stay 12 from the rear lower layer, then is extended transversely to the right through the cable hole 13 at the rear side of the right lower stay 12, then is wound by the other rod piece 41 at the right through the bolt ball 40 at the right and then is extended transversely to the left through the cable hole 13 at the rear side of the left upper stay 12 from the rear upper layer, then is extended transversely to the left through the cable hole 13 at the rear side of the left upper stay 12, then is wound by the other rod piece 41 at the left through the bolt ball 40 at the left through the cable hole 13 at the front lower layer at the front side of the left lower stay 12, then is extended transversely to the cable hole 13 at the front side of the right lower stay 12, the other rod piece 41 on the right side is wound on the bolt ball 40 on the right side, then the other rod piece passes through the cable hole 13 on the front side of the right upper stay bar 12 from the upper layer of the front side, and then the other rod piece transversely extends to the left side and is connected with the second cable connecting hole 36 of the connector 31 through a clamping head 11;
through the winding manner, a cable 10 can form four sections, namely a front upper layer section 101 positioned above the front side of the rod 41 to be replaced, a front lower layer section 102 positioned below the front side of the rod 41 to be replaced, a rear upper layer section 103 positioned above the front side of the rod 41 to be replaced and a rear lower layer section 104 positioned below the rear side of the rod 41 to be replaced;
s33: firstly, positioning and fixing the hexagonal prism structure A201 of the dynamometer 20 and the hexagonal prism structure B310 of the connector 31 by using two wrenches, and then adjusting the hexagonal prism 34 on the force applying device 30 by using one wrench to enable the cable 10 to reach a pre-tightening state;
s34: assembling a distance monitoring unit or a strain monitoring unit; when assembling the distance monitoring unit, the distance meter 21 is set in the holder 23 and locked inside the groove member 212 by the distance meter fixing bolt 214; the retainer 23 is sleeved outside the cable 10 by using the cable hole 211 of the U-shaped member 213, and the retainer 23 is locked to the cable 10 by the cable fixing bolt 215; fixedly connecting the two reflecting plates 24 oppositely to the two bolt balls 40 at the two ends of the rod member 42 to be replaced, and enabling the two reflecting plates 24 to be opposite to the distance measuring instrument 21; when assembling the strain monitoring unit, the strain gauge 25 and the wireless transmitter 26 are surface-mounted on the other rod member 41 on the bolt ball 40 at the end of the rod member 42 to be replaced;
s35: debugging the dynamometer 20 to connect with a force measurement display, and debugging the distance meter 21 or the strain gauge 25 to connect with a distance measurement display or a strain display 27 respectively;
step four: monitoring and replacing;
s41: rod replacement;
s411: the force applying device 30 of the force applying mechanism 3 is screwed to further tighten the cable 10 until the strain value of the other rod piece 41 or the distance value between the two bolt balls 40 changes, and the tension N of the tension meter at the moment is recorded0Strain value epsilon of strain gauge0Or reading L of a distance meter0；
S412: the sleeves 43 at the two ends of the rod piece 42 to be replaced are simultaneously unscrewed and the force applicator 30 of the force application mechanism 3 is screwed alternately until the high-strength bolt on the rod piece 42 to be replaced is separated from the two bolt balls 40;
s413: taking out the rod piece 42 to be replaced, placing the replacement rod piece in position, and aligning the high-strength bolts at the two ends of the replacement rod piece to the bolt holes of the two bolt balls 40 respectively;
s414: the simultaneous tightening of the sleeves 43 at the two ends of the displacement rod 42 and the loosening of the force applicator 30 of the force application mechanism 3 are alternated until the reading of the force gauge 20 returns to N0。
S42: monitoring and controlling;
in the process of S41, synchronously monitoring the tension, the ball distance or the strain, and ensuring the safety of the rod replacement process and the safety of the subsequent use process; during the monitoring of the tensile force, it is ensured by means of the dynamometer 20 that the rod 42 to be replaced and the replacement rod are equally stressed; in the process of monitoring the ball distance, the sleeves 43 at the two ends of the rod piece 42 to be replaced are unscrewed to increase the ball distance of the two bolt balls 40 by delta L, the force applying device 30 of the force applying mechanism 3 is screwed down to reduce the ball distance of the two bolt balls 40 by delta L, and the change of the ball distance of the two bolt balls 40 at the two ends of the rod piece 42 to be replaced is monitored by the second monitoring unit to be not more than +/-delta L; in the process of monitoring the strain, the sleeves 43 at the two ends of the rod piece 42 to be replaced are unscrewed to increase the strain value of the strain gauge 25 by delta epsilon, the force applying device 30 of the force applying mechanism 3 is screwed down to reduce the strain value of the strain gauge 25 by delta epsilon, and the strain value of two other rod pieces 41 in the extension line direction of the outer sides of the two bolt balls 40 is monitored by the first monitoring unit to change by no more than +/-delta epsilon;
step five: recovering the device;
and D, disassembling the recovery device according to the reverse sequence of the step three to finish the replacement process of the pull rod.
In the first step, a wrench is used to try to screw any one of the sleeves 43 at the two ends of the rod 42 to be replaced, and the rod is determined according to tightness, if the rod is loose.
In order to ensure the bearing capacity and the service life, the cable 10 is a steel wire rope.
In the method, the cable mechanism is adopted to fix the two bolt balls outside the two ends of the rod piece to be replaced in a pulling manner, and meanwhile, the dynamometer with the first cable connecting hole and the connector with the second cable connecting hole are connected through the force applying device, so that the two bolt balls can be conveniently tensioned and positioned through the wrench, the replacement process is more convenient, meanwhile, the construction cost is effectively saved, and the replacement efficiency of the rod piece can be effectively improved. Because first monitoring mechanism and application of force mechanism all are close to the bolt ball setting of one side, can make all manual operation all concentrate on near bolt ball position, enable the change process more and be fit for high altitude construction, and then very big improvement the factor of safety in the high altitude construction process to can effectively save construction cost. The method has simple steps and simple and convenient operation process, the replacement process can be realized through one cable, four support rods, the dynamometer, the force applying device, the connector and the wrench, the operation process is convenient, the assembly and the disassembly are convenient, the long-distance transportation and the short-distance transportation are convenient, and meanwhile, the method is suitable for the carrying operation in the process of high-altitude operation and is favorable for repeated use. Meanwhile, the method has strong universality, can be used for replacing the pull rod in the existing grid structure, can also be used for replacing the pull rod in a newly-built grid, can be used for replacing a damaged rod piece in the use stage of the grid, and can also be used for replacing a rod piece which is misused in the construction stage of the grid.
Claims (6)
1. A replacing device for a pull rod in a steel grid structure comprises a cable mechanism (1), and is characterized by further comprising a monitoring mechanism (2) and a force application mechanism (3);
the cable mechanism (1) consists of a stay bar (12), a cable (10) and a chuck (11); two ends of the stay bar (12) in the length direction are both provided with cable holes (13); the two pairs of support rods (12) are oppositely arranged at the two bolt balls (40) at the outer sides of the two ends of the rod piece (42) to be replaced from left to right, and each pair of support rods (12) are oppositely arranged at the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle part of the same bolt ball (40) from top to bottom; the starting end of the cable (10) starts from the upper layer of the front side, the tail end of the cable firstly transversely extends through the cable hole (13) of the front side of the upper left stay bar (12) to the left side, then passes through the cable hole (13) of the rear side of the lower left stay bar (12) from the lower layer of the rear side after being wound by the bolt ball (40) of the left side through other rod pieces (41) of the left side, then transversely extends through the cable hole (13) of the rear side of the lower right stay bar (12) to the right side, then passes through the cable hole (13) of the rear side of the upper right stay bar (12) from the upper layer of the rear side after being wound by the bolt ball (40) of the right side through other rod pieces (41) of the right side, then transversely extends through the cable hole (13) of the rear side of the upper left stay bar (12) to the left side, then passes through the cable hole (13) of the front side of the lower left stay bar (12) from the front side after being wound by the bolt ball (40) of the other rod pieces (41) of the left side, then transversely extend through the cable hole (13) at the front side of the lower right stay bar (12) towards the right side, then wind through a bolt ball (40) at the right side by other rod pieces (41) at the right side, then pass through the cable hole (13) at the front side of the upper right stay bar (12) from the upper layer at the front side, and then transversely extend to the position close to the starting end towards the left side; the two clamping heads (11) are respectively connected with the starting end and the tail end of the mooring rope (10);
the monitoring mechanism (2) consists of a first monitoring unit and a second monitoring unit, the first monitoring unit is a tension monitoring unit, is arranged close to a bolt ball (40) on one side and consists of a dynamometer (20) and a dynamometer display; the dynamometer (20) has a wireless transmitting function, one end of the dynamometer is provided with a first cable connecting hole (28), the dynamometer is sleeved outside the starting end of the cable (10) through the first cable connecting hole (28), meanwhile, the dynamometer is connected with the starting end of the cable (10) through a chuck (11), the center of the other end of the dynamometer is provided with a regular-grain full-tooth internal thread hole (22), and the outline of the other end of the dynamometer is of a hexagonal prism structure A (201); the force measurement display is connected with the dynamometer (20) in a wireless mode and is used for displaying the force measurement value in real time;
the second monitoring unit is a distance monitoring unit or a strain monitoring unit, and the distance monitoring unit consists of a clamp holder (23), a distance meter (21), a distance measuring display and a reflecting plate (24); the holder (23) consists of a channel piece (212), a distance meter fixing bolt (214), a U-shaped piece (213) and a cable fixing bolt (215); the groove-shaped part (212) consists of a vertical plate (2121) and two transverse plates (2122) which are oppositely and fixedly connected to the upper end and the lower end of one side surface of the vertical plate (2121); the middle part of the transverse plate (2122) positioned at the upper part is provided with a vertical threaded hole A, and the left part and the right part of the transverse plate (2122) positioned at the lower part are respectively provided with a vertical threaded hole A; the number of the distance measuring instrument fixing bolts (214) is three, and the distance measuring instrument fixing bolts are matched through threads and are connected into the three vertical threaded holes A from outside to inside; the number of the U-shaped parts (213) is two, and the U-shaped parts are respectively positioned at the left part and the right part of the other side surface of the vertical plate (2121); the U-shaped part (213) is internally provided with a cable hole (211) and is sleeved outside the cable (10) through the cable hole (211), the closed end of the U-shaped part (213) is vertically and fixedly connected with the vertical plate (2121), and two opposite opening end parts of the U-shaped part are provided with a pair of vertical threaded holes B; two cable fixing bolts (215) respectively penetrate through two pairs of vertical threaded holes B of the two U-shaped pieces (213) and are respectively connected with a locking nut; the range finder (21) is a coaxial bidirectional laser range finder with a wireless transmitting function, is arranged between two transverse plates (2122) and is locked and fixed inside the groove-shaped piece (212) through three range finder fixing bolts (214); the distance measuring display is connected with the distance measuring instrument (21) in a wireless mode and is used for displaying the distance measuring value in real time; the number of the reflecting plates (24) is two, the reflecting plates are fixedly connected to two bolt balls (40) at two ends of a rod piece (42) to be replaced in a left-right opposite mode and are positioned at two opposite sides of the distance measuring instrument (21), and the normal line of the plane of each reflecting plate (24) is parallel to the cable (10); the strain monitoring unit consists of a strain gauge (25), a wireless transmitter (26) and a strain display (27), wherein the strain gauge (25) is arranged on other rod pieces (41) on two bolt balls (40) on the outer sides of the rod pieces to be replaced and is connected with the wireless transmitter (26) through a lead, and the wireless transmitter (26) is connected with the strain display (27) in a wireless communication mode;
the force application mechanism (3) consists of a connector (31) and a force application device (30), and is arranged close to a bolt ball (40) on one side; the connector is characterized in that a reverse-thread full-tooth internal thread hole (35) is formed in the center of one end of the connector (31), the outer contour of the end is of a hexagonal prism structure B (310), a cable connecting hole II (36) is formed in the other end of the connector, the outer part of the tail end of the cable (10) is sleeved through the cable connecting hole II (36), and meanwhile, the connector is connected with the tail end of the cable (10) through a clamping head (11); the full-tooth stud bolt of positive line (32) and the full-tooth stud bolt of negative line (33) of fixed connection at the hexagonal prism (34) other end of positive line (32), external diameter and tooth distance of application ware (30) by the hexagonal prism (34) that is located the middle part, with the axle center, the length, external diameter and the tooth distance of the full-tooth stud bolt of positive line (32) are unanimous with the hole depth, aperture and the tooth distance of positive line internal thread hole (22), and through screw-thread fit cartridge in the full-tooth internal thread hole of positive line (22), the length, external diameter and the tooth distance of the full-tooth stud of negative line (33) are unanimous with the hole depth, aperture and the tooth distance of the full-tooth internal thread hole of negative line (35), and through screw-thread fit cartridge in the full-tooth internal thread hole of negative line (35).
2. The apparatus for replacing tie rods in a steel grid structure according to claim 1, wherein the riser (2121) is provided with a reading window (210) at its middle.
3. A device for replacing tie rods in steel grid structures according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the stay (12) is a square or rectangular solid or hollow metal rod.
4. A method for replacing a pull rod in a steel grid structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: judging a rod piece;
in the original structure (4), the rod piece (42) to be replaced, which is judged as the pull rod by the theoretical calculation result before replacement implementation, is confirmed on site so as to eliminate the change of the stress property of the rod piece caused by the installation error;
step two: selecting a device model;
s21: according to the tensile bearing capacity of the rod piece (42) to be replaced calculated by the net rack theory or the actual tensile bearing capacity calculated by the actual section and the yield strength of the rod piece, the actual tensile bearing capacity is used as the bearing capacity F of the rod piece (42) to be replaced;
s22: calculating the required bearing force F of the single cable (10) according to the arrangement mode of the cable (10) and the bearing force F of the rod piece (42) to be replaced1And according to F1Calculating the minimum diameter d of the single cable (10) requiredminSelecting the diameter of the cable (10) according to the specification of the cable (10);
s23: according to F1Matching the force gauge (20), the force applicator (30), the connector (31) and the stay bar (12) which are matched;
step three: arranging devices;
s31: connecting a positive thread full thread stud (32) of a force applicator (30) to a positive thread internal thread hole (22) of a force gauge (20), and connecting a negative thread full thread stud (33) of the force applicator (30) to a negative thread full thread hole (35) of a connector (31); meanwhile, two pairs of support rods (12) are respectively arranged at two bolt balls (40) at the outer sides of two ends of the rod piece (42) to be replaced;
s32: the starting end of the cable (10) starts from the upper front layer and is connected with a first cable connecting hole (28) of the dynamometer (20) through a clamping head (11), the tail end of the cable (10) transversely extends to the left through a cable hole (13) on the front side of the upper left stay bar (12), then transversely extends to the right through a cable hole (13) on the rear side of the lower right stay bar (12) after being wound through a bolt ball (40) on the left through other rod pieces (41) on the left, then transversely extends to the right through a cable hole (13) on the rear side of the lower right stay bar (12), then transversely extends to the left through a cable hole (13) on the rear side of the upper right stay bar (12) after being wound through a bolt ball (40) on the right through other rod pieces (41) on the right, then transversely extends to the left through a cable hole (13) on the rear side of the upper left stay bar (12), and then passes through the lower left stay bar (12) after being wound through a bolt ball (40) on the left The cable hole (13) on the side transversely extends through the cable hole (13) on the front side of the lower right stay bar (12) towards the right side, then the other rod piece (41) on the right side is wound on the bolt ball (40) on the right side and then passes through the cable hole (13) on the front side of the upper right stay bar (12) from the upper layer on the front side, and then the other rod piece transversely extends towards the left side and is connected with a cable connecting hole II (36) of the connector (31) through a clamping head (11);
s33: firstly, positioning and fixing a hexagonal prism structure A (201) of the dynamometer (20) and a hexagonal prism structure B (310) of the connector (31) by using two wrenches, and then adjusting a hexagonal prism (34) on the force applying device (30) by using one wrench to enable the cable (10) to reach a pre-tightening state;
s34: assembling a distance monitoring unit or a strain monitoring unit; when assembling the distance monitoring unit, arranging the distance measuring instrument (21) in the clamp (23) and locking the distance measuring instrument in the groove-shaped member (212) through the distance measuring instrument fixing bolt (214); the clamp holder (23) is sleeved outside the cable (10) by using a cable hole (211) on the U-shaped piece (213), and the clamp holder (23) is locked on the cable (10) by using a cable fixing bolt (215); the two reflecting plates (24) are oppositely and fixedly connected to two bolt balls (40) at two ends of a rod piece (42) to be replaced, and the two reflecting plates (24) are arranged opposite to the distance measuring instrument (21); when assembling the strain monitoring unit, surface mounting the strain gauge (25) and the wireless transmitter (26) on the other rod member (41) on the bolt ball (40) at the end of the rod member (42) to be replaced;
s35: debugging the dynamometer (20), enabling the dynamometer to be connected with a force measurement display, debugging a distance meter (21) or a strain gauge (25), and enabling the dynamometer to be respectively connected with a distance measurement display or a strain display (27);
step four: monitoring and replacing;
s41: rod replacement;
s411: the force applying device (30) of the force applying mechanism (3) is screwed to further tighten the cable (10) until the strain value of other rod pieces (41) or the distance value between two bolt balls (40) changes, and the tension N of the tension meter at the moment is recorded0Strain value epsilon of strain gauge0Or reading L of a distance meter0；
S412: the sleeves (43) at the two ends of the rod piece (42) to be replaced are simultaneously unscrewed and screwed by the force applying device (30) of the force applying mechanism (3) alternately until the high-strength bolt on the rod piece (42) to be replaced is separated from the two bolt balls (40);
s413: taking out the rod piece (42) to be replaced, putting the replacement rod piece in place, and aligning the high-strength bolts at the two ends of the replacement rod piece to bolt holes of the two bolt balls (40) respectively;
s414: the simultaneous tightening of the sleeves (43) at the two ends of the displacement rod (42) and the loosening of the force applicator (30) of the force application means (3) are alternated until the tightening and loosening of the sleeves at the two ends of the displacement rod (42) are completedDynamometer (20) readings are restored to N0。
S42: monitoring and controlling;
in the process of S41, synchronously monitoring the tension, the ball distance or the strain, and ensuring the safety of the rod replacement process and the safety of the subsequent use process; during the monitoring of the tensile force, the force gauge (20) ensures that the rod (42) to be replaced and the replacement rod are equally stressed; in the process of monitoring the ball distance, loosening the sleeves (43) at the two ends of the rod piece (42) to be replaced to increase the ball distance of the two bolt balls (40) by delta L, tightening the force applying device (30) of the force applying mechanism (3) to reduce the ball distance of the two bolt balls (40) by delta L, and monitoring that the change of the ball distance of the two bolt balls (40) at the two ends of the rod piece (42) to be replaced is not more than +/-delta L through a second monitoring unit; in the process of monitoring the strain, loosening sleeves (43) at two ends of a rod piece (42) to be replaced to increase the strain value of the strain gauge (25) by delta epsilon, tightening a force applying device (30) of a force applying mechanism (3) to reduce the strain value of the strain gauge (25) by delta epsilon, and monitoring that the strain value of two other rod pieces (41) in the direction of the outer extension lines of the two bolt balls (40) does not change more than +/-delta epsilon through a first monitoring unit;
step five: recovering the device;
and D, disassembling the recovery device according to the reverse sequence of the step three to finish the replacement process of the pull rod.
5. The method for replacing the tie rod in the steel grid structure according to claim 4, wherein in the step one, the judgment method is to try to screw any one sleeve (43) at the two ends of the rod piece (42) to be replaced by a wrench, the judgment is carried out according to the tightness, and if the condition is the loose condition, the tie rod is confirmed.
6. A method for replacing tie rods in a steel grid structure according to claim 5, wherein the cables (10) are steel wire ropes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210226932.2A CN114592711A (en) | 2022-03-08 | 2022-03-08 | Device and method for replacing pull rod in steel grid structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210226932.2A CN114592711A (en) | 2022-03-08 | 2022-03-08 | Device and method for replacing pull rod in steel grid structure |
Publications (1)
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