CN114592244A - Environment-friendly processing technology of high-strength polyester POY - Google Patents
Environment-friendly processing technology of high-strength polyester POY Download PDFInfo
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- CN114592244A CN114592244A CN202210183022.0A CN202210183022A CN114592244A CN 114592244 A CN114592244 A CN 114592244A CN 202210183022 A CN202210183022 A CN 202210183022A CN 114592244 A CN114592244 A CN 114592244A
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- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 28
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 7
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZCILODAAHLISPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N biphenyl ether Natural products C1=C(CC=C)C(O)=CC(OC=2C(=CC(CC=C)=CC=2)O)=C1 ZCILODAAHLISPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- WOZVHXUHUFLZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl terephthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)OC)C=C1 WOZVHXUHUFLZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 hydroxyethyl end groups Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920004933 Terylene® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B6/00—Cleaning by electrostatic means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B13/00—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped
- B29B13/02—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by heating
- B29B13/022—Melting the material to be shaped
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B13/00—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped
- B29B13/06—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by drying
- B29B13/065—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by drying of powder or pellets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
- B29C48/885—External treatment, e.g. by using air rings for cooling tubular films
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
- D01D1/04—Melting filament-forming substances
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D13/00—Complete machines for producing artificial threads
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/096—Humidity control, or oiling, of filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/78—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolycondensation products
- D01F6/84—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolycondensation products from copolyesters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
- F26B5/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum the process involving freezing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
Abstract
The invention discloses an environment-friendly processing technology of high-strength polyester POY (polyester pre-oriented yarn), which relates to the field of spinning, and comprises a low-temperature polyester chip drying technology, a low-pollution chip dust removal technology, spinning assembly spinning, a staged low-pollution oiling technology and the like, wherein the low-temperature polyester chip drying technology is adopted in the production process, compared with the traditional heating and drying technology, the effect is faster, the adhesion phenomenon caused by softening of heated chips is avoided, the generation of volatile pollutants in heating is avoided, the dust pollution condition is reduced by an electrostatic dust removal mode, a proper temperature and pollution-free heating medium material is adopted in melt heating and heat preservation, the gas pollution caused by volatilization of a traditional heating medium is reduced, staged cooling is adopted in cooling of spinning, the spinning strength is improved, and the oiling quality can be improved by adopting a two-stage oiling technology, meanwhile, the leakage pollution of oil can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of spinning, in particular to an environment-friendly processing technology of high-strength polyester POY.
Background
Terylene is an important variety in synthetic fibers and is the trade name of polyester fibers in China. It is made up by using refined terephthalic acid or dimethyl terephthalate and glycol as raw material, and making them pass through the processes of esterification or ester exchange and polycondensation reaction to obtain fibre-forming high polymer-polyethylene glycol terephthalate, spinning and post-treatment so as to obtain the invented fibre.
A large amount of pollution is generated in the traditional polyester filament yarn production process, wherein the pollution comprises noise, dust, gas, waste liquid and the like, the most important of the pollution is the dust, the gas and the like, the dust, the gas and the like can directly enter the atmosphere to be diffused, and the dust and the gas pollution are hardly limited in a targeted mode in the traditional production process at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an environment-friendly processing technology of high-strength polyester POY (polyester pre-oriented yarn), which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an environment-friendly processing technology of high-strength polyester POY comprises the following steps:
s1, drying the polyester chips at low temperature, and drying the polyester chips by adopting refrigeration and dehumidification;
s2, removing dust of the slices with low pollution, and removing dust in the polyester slices through electrostatic adsorption force generated by an electrostatic roller;
s3, slicing and carrying out hot melting, wherein polyester PET starts to become a melt at a certain hot melting temperature to generate carboxylic acid and vinyl ester end groups, and the hot melting temperature is controlled to effectively reduce volatile products released by the reaction;
s4, conveying the melt, namely conveying the melt into a spinning box body through a melt conveying pipeline in cooperation with heating of a heating medium;
s5, carrying out heat preservation distribution on the melt of the spinning manifold, preserving the heat of the melt in the spinning manifold, and further carrying out spinning by increasing extrusion through a metering pump;
s6, spinning by a spinning pack, extruding the melt through a spinning pack spinneret structure, and forming protofilaments through the drafting action of a drafting mechanism;
s7, step-type spinning cooling, wherein in the process of cooling spinning through a channel, a multi-section cooling space is arranged inside the channel, the temperature of adjacent sections is reduced in a step-type manner, the cooling effect is improved, and the generation of broken filaments is avoided, so that the strength of the polyester filaments is reduced;
s8, oiling with low pollution, wherein the cooled spinning oiling device adopts an oiling roller oiling mode to improve the oiling uniformity;
s9, winding, drawing the spinning at a certain speed, so that the processing speed of the spinning is matched with the oiling amount of an oiling device, thereby ensuring that the oil content of the spinning can play the effects of bundling, lubricating, reducing the friction coefficient and resisting static electricity, and reducing broken filaments generated in the production process.
Preferably, in the low-temperature drying process of the S1 polyester chips, dry and cold air is introduced into a storage space for storing the chips through a refrigeration compressor, moisture in the chips enters an evaporator through cold frosting, condensed water is discharged through a water outlet, and the polyester chips are dehumidified through dry and cold drying.
Preferably, in the low-temperature drying process of the S1 polyester chip, the target moisture content of the polyester chip after dehumidification is less than or equal to 50ppm, the dry and cold air flow rate is 4-7m/S, the moisture content of the introduced cold air is less than 8g/kg, the chip dust is also one of the pollution in the production process, and the lower cold air flow rate can reduce the chip dust and reduce the environmental pollution caused by the chip dust.
Preferably, in the step S2, the chips are dedusted with low pollution, the electrostatic roller is used for electrostatic adsorption removal of dust in the polyester chips, the electrostatic roller slowly stirs the polyester chips in a dry state during the electrostatic adsorption, the stirring speed is 2-5r/min, and the slow stirring speed can avoid dust overflow, thereby reducing the environmental pollution.
Preferably, in the S3 hot melting process of the chip, the chip is required to be subjected to hot melting, before the hot melting, the temperature of the chip is controlled to be between 280 ℃ and 300 ℃, wherein the maximum temperature cannot exceed 350 ℃, and the higher hot melting temperature can accelerate the hot melting speed, but when the temperature of the polyester PET is higher than 350 ℃, volatile substances are obviously released, and the initiation process of degradation includes the heterolysis of ester parts, so as to generate carboxylic acid and vinyl ester end groups, which can generate ester exchange reaction acetaldehyde with hydroxyethyl end groups in the polyester PET, which is the most volatile substance in the hot melting process and is polluting.
Preferably, in the S4 melt conveying process, superheated steam is used as a gas-phase heat medium to replace a traditional heat medium substance to heat and preserve the heat of the melt in the conveying pipeline, the temperature of the superheated steam is 270-280 ℃, the pollution of heat medium gas caused by gas-phase heat medium leakage in the melt conveying process can be greatly reduced, and the traditional biphenyl and biphenyl ether heat medium has low toxicity, is volatile and has strong adhesive force and great harm to human bodies and the environment.
Preferably, in the process of heat preservation and distribution of the melt of the S5 spinning manifold, the heat preservation temperature inside the spinning manifold is between 270-285 ℃, so that the degradation of melt macromolecules caused by the overhigh heat preservation temperature is avoided, the conditions of breaking, broken filaments and the like of the precursor during spinning are reduced, and the strength of the polyester filaments can be improved.
Preferably, in the S7 step-spinning cooling process, because the condition of cooling molding is a key parameter affecting the profile degree and the quality of the post-stretching product, the profile degree is higher when the cooling is faster, but because of the high profile degree and the sheath-core structure which may be generated by rapid cooling, the fiber is easy to have broken filaments and broken ends in the stretching process, so that the strength of the polyester yarn is greatly reduced, and the step-spinning cooling method can avoid excessive broken filaments in the cooling process, thereby improving the strength of the polyester yarn.
Preferably, in the step-wise spinning cooling of S7, four cooling sections are arranged inside the cooling shaft, adjacent cooling sections are separated by a baffle with poor heat conduction performance, the cooling temperatures from the first cooling section to the fourth cooling section are 270 ℃, 230 ℃, 200 ℃ and 170 ℃ in sequence, the length of each cooling section is 80cm, and the polyester yarn precursor is cooled to the setting temperature of 170 ℃ section by section, so as to facilitate subsequent dyeing.
Preferably, S8, among the low-pollution oiling process, adopt the two-stage type mode of oiling, the first section of the device that oils adopts the glib talker to oil, the second section of the device that oils adopts the oiling roller to oil, the device that oils at both ends is closed oiling around, the position of oiling is in sealed cavity, and the oiling roller downside is equipped with the oil and retrieves the cavity, can return the oil that falls from the oiling roller, the tension of spinning has both been reduced, the even uniformity that the silk bundle oiled has been improved simultaneously, the integrated device is because closed and be equipped with the oil and retrieve the cavity, the oil is difficult for getting into and causes the pollution in the outer environment.
In conclusion, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts the low-temperature drying of the polyester chip in the production process, has faster effect compared with the traditional heating and drying process, and the conglutination phenomenon caused by softening of the slices after heating can be avoided, and the generation of volatile pollutants during heating can be avoided, the condition of a large amount of dust pollution generated by the traditional stirring dust removal mode is avoided in the electrostatic dust removal mode, meanwhile, a heating medium material with proper temperature and no pollution is adopted during the heating and heat preservation of the melt, the gas pollution caused by the volatilization of the heating medium generated in the traditional production process is greatly reduced, meanwhile, the spinning is cooled in a staged way, so that the condition that the strength of the spinning is lower due to the fact that the spinning is suddenly subjected to the action of lower shaping temperature in a channel is avoided, by adopting the double-section oiling process, the oiling quality can be improved, and the leakage pollution of oil can be reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an environment-friendly processing technology of high-strength polyester POY of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrostatic dust removal process in the environment-friendly processing process of the high-strength polyester POY of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-pollution oiling device in the environment-friendly processing technology of high-strength polyester POY.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to fig. 1-3, wherein for ease of description the orientations described hereinafter are now defined as follows: the up, down, left, right, front and rear directions described below correspond to the front, back, left, right, top and bottom directions of the view direction of fig. 1, fig. 1 is a front view of the apparatus of the present invention, and the directions shown in fig. 1 correspond to the front, back, left, right, top and bottom directions of the apparatus of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, an embodiment of the present invention is shown: an environment-friendly processing technology of high-strength polyester POY comprises the following steps:
s1, drying the polyester chips at low temperature, and drying the polyester chips by adopting refrigeration and dehumidification;
s2, removing dust of the slices with low pollution, and removing dust in the polyester slices through electrostatic adsorption force generated by an electrostatic roller;
s3, slicing and hot melting, wherein polyester PET starts to become a melt at a certain hot melting temperature to generate carboxylic acid and vinyl ester end groups, and the hot melting temperature is controlled to effectively reduce volatile products released by the reaction;
s4, conveying the melt, namely conveying the melt into a spinning box body through a melt conveying pipeline in cooperation with heating of a heating medium;
s5, carrying out heat preservation and distribution on the melt of the spinning manifold, wherein the melt is in the spinning manifold for heat preservation, and then the melt is extruded by a metering pump for spinning;
s6, spinning by a spinning assembly, extruding the melt by a spinning head structure of the spinning assembly, and forming protofilaments by the drafting action of a drafting mechanism;
s7, step-type spinning cooling, wherein in the process of cooling spinning through a channel, a multi-section cooling space is arranged inside the channel, the temperature of adjacent sections is reduced in a step-type manner, the cooling effect is improved, and the generation of broken filaments is avoided, so that the strength of the polyester filaments is reduced;
s8, oiling with low pollution, wherein the cooled spinning oiling device adopts an oiling roller oiling mode to improve the oiling uniformity;
s9, winding, drawing the spinning at a certain speed, so that the processing speed of the spinning is matched with the oiling amount of an oiling device, thereby ensuring that the oil content of the spinning can play the effects of bundling, lubricating, reducing the friction coefficient and resisting static electricity, and reducing broken filaments generated in the production process.
S1, in the low-temperature drying process of the polyester chips, dry and cold air is introduced into a storage space for storing the chips through a refrigeration compressor, water in the chips enters an evaporator through cold frosting, condensed water is discharged through a water outlet, and dry and cold dehumidification is carried out on the polyester chips.
In the low-temperature drying process of the S1 polyester chip, the target moisture content of the polyester chip after dehumidification is less than or equal to 50ppm, the dry and cold air flow rate is 4-7m/S, the moisture content of the introduced cold air is less than 8g/kg, and the chip dust is also one of the pollutions in the production process, so the lower cold air flow rate can reduce the chip dust and reduce the environmental pollution caused by the chip dust.
S2, removing dust of the chips in a low-pollution manner, and removing dust in the polyester chips through electrostatic adsorption by the electrostatic roller, wherein the electrostatic roller can slowly stir the polyester chips in a dry state in the process of electrostatic adsorption, the stirring rotation speed is 2-5r/min, and the slow stirring speed can avoid dust overflow, so that the environmental pollution caused by the dust can be reduced.
S3, during the hot melting process of the slices, the slices need to be hot melted, before the hot melting process, the temperature of the slices is controlled to be 280-300 ℃, wherein the highest temperature cannot exceed 350 ℃, and the high hot melting temperature can accelerate the hot melting speed, but when the temperature of the polyester PET is higher than 350 ℃, volatile substances can be obviously released, the initiation process of degradation comprises heterolysis of ester parts, carboxylic acid and vinyl ester end groups are generated, the latter can generate ester exchange reaction acetaldehyde with hydroxyethyl end groups in the polyester PET, and the acetaldehyde is the most main volatile substance in the hot melting process and has pollution.
S4, in the melt conveying process, superheated steam is adopted as a gas-phase heating medium to replace a traditional heating medium substance to heat and preserve the heat of the melt in the conveying pipeline, the temperature of the superheated steam is 270-280 ℃, the pollution of heating medium gas caused by gas-phase heating medium leakage in the melt conveying process can be greatly reduced, and the traditional biphenyl and biphenyl ether heating medium has low toxicity, is volatile and strong in adhesive force and has great harm to human bodies and the environment.
S5, in the process of heat preservation and distribution of the melt of the spinning box body, the heat preservation temperature inside the spinning box body is between 270 and 285 ℃, so that the degradation of melt macromolecules caused by overhigh heat preservation temperature is avoided, the conditions of breaking, broken filaments and the like of precursor filaments during spinning are reduced, and the strength of the polyester filaments can be improved.
In the S7 step-type spinning cooling process, as the cooling forming condition is a key parameter which influences the profile tolerance and the quality of a post-stretching product, the faster the cooling is, the higher the profile tolerance is, but because of the high profile tolerance and the skin-core structure which is possibly generated by rapid cooling, broken filaments and broken ends are easy to occur in the fiber in the stretching process, so that the strength of the polyester yarns is greatly reduced, and the step-type cooling method can avoid the generation of excessive broken filaments in the cooling process and improve the strength of the polyester yarns.
In the S7 step-type spinning cooling, four cooling sections are arranged inside the cooling shaft, adjacent cooling sections are separated by baffles with poor heat conduction performance, the cooling temperature from the first cooling section to the fourth cooling section is 270 ℃, 230 ℃, 200 ℃ and 170 ℃ in sequence, the length of each cooling section is 80cm, and the polyester yarn protofilament is cooled to the setting temperature of 170 ℃ section by section, so that subsequent dyeing is facilitated.
S8, the low pollution in-process that oils, adopt the two-stage formula mode of oiling, the first section of device that oils adopts the glib talker to oil, the device second section that oils adopts the oiling roller to oil, the device that oils at both ends is the closed and oils around, the position that oils is in sealed cavity, and the oiling roller downside is equipped with the oil and retrieves the cavity, can return the oil that falls from the oiling roller, the tension of spinning has both been reduced, the even uniformity that the silk bundle oiled has been improved simultaneously, the integrated device is owing to be the closed and be equipped with the oil and retrieve the cavity, the oil is difficult for leading to the fact the pollution in getting into the outer environment.
In the specific embodiment, in the process of carrying out environment-friendly processing on high-strength polyester yarns, firstly, carrying out low-temperature drying on polyester chips, and carrying out drying treatment on the polyester chips by adopting refrigeration dehumidification, in the low-temperature drying process of the polyester chips, dry and cold air is introduced into a storage space for storing the chips through a refrigeration compressor, moisture in the chips enters an evaporator through cold frosting, condensed water is discharged through a water outlet, and the polyester chips are subjected to dry and cold dehumidification, compared with the traditional heating dehumidification method, the condition of chip softening and bonding cannot occur, meanwhile, the target moisture content of the polyester chips after dehumidification is less than or equal to 50ppm, the dry and cold air flow rate is 4-7m/s, the moisture content of the introduced cold air is less than 8g/kg, the chip dust is also one of pollution in the production process, and the lower cold air flow rate can reduce the chip dust, reducing environmental pollution caused by environmental pollution, then carrying out low-pollution dust removal on slices, removing dust in polyester slices through electrostatic adsorption force generated by an electrostatic roller, carrying out slice hot melting after dust removal is finished, starting polyester PET to become melt at a certain hot melting temperature to generate carboxylic acid and vinyl ester end groups, controlling the hot melting temperature to effectively reduce volatile products released by reaction, conveying the melt into a spinning box body, carrying out spinning through a spinning assembly under the condition of heat preservation, extruding the melt through a spinning nozzle structure of the spinning assembly, forming precursor fibers through the drafting effect of a drafting mechanism, then carrying out spinning cooling, adopting a step-type cooling process, arranging a multi-section cooling space in a channel in the process of cooling the spinning through the channel, reducing the temperature of adjacent sections in a step-type manner, improving the cooling effect, avoiding generating broken filaments and further causing the strength reduction of the polyester filaments, the cooling back is oiled, adopt the mode that the oiling of oiling roller in oiling device through refrigerated spinning, improve the degree of consistency that oils, simultaneously because the oil can be retrieved effectively and improved the holistic environmental protection performance of technology, at last carry out the spinning and coil, with certain speed draft spinning, make the process velocity of spinning and the oil loading cooperation of oiling device, thereby guarantee that the oil content of spinning can play the effect of gathering a bundle, it is lubricated, reduce coefficient of friction and antistatic, reduce the broken filament that produces in process of production.
The above description is only an embodiment of the invention, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that are not thought of through the inventive work should be included in the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention should be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. An environment-friendly processing technology of high-strength polyester POY is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, drying the polyester chips at low temperature, and drying the polyester chips by adopting refrigeration and dehumidification;
s2, removing dust of the slices with low pollution, and removing dust in the polyester slices through electrostatic adsorption force generated by an electrostatic roller;
s3, slicing and hot melting, wherein polyester PET starts to become a melt at a certain hot melting temperature to generate carboxylic acid and vinyl ester end groups, and the hot melting temperature is controlled to effectively reduce volatile products released by the reaction;
s4, conveying the melt, namely conveying the melt into a spinning box body through a melt conveying pipeline in cooperation with heating of a heating medium;
s5, carrying out heat preservation distribution on the melt of the spinning manifold, preserving the heat of the melt in the spinning manifold, and further carrying out spinning by increasing extrusion through a metering pump;
s6, spinning by a spinning assembly, extruding the melt by a spinning head structure of the spinning assembly, and forming protofilaments by the drafting action of a drafting mechanism;
s7, step-type spinning cooling, wherein in the process of cooling spinning through a channel, a multi-section cooling space is arranged inside the channel, the temperature of adjacent sections is reduced in a step-type manner, the cooling effect is improved, and the generation of broken filaments is avoided, so that the strength of the polyester filaments is reduced;
s8, oiling with low pollution, wherein the cooled spinning oiling device adopts an oiling roller oiling mode to improve the oiling uniformity;
s9, winding, drawing the spinning at a certain speed, so that the processing speed of the spinning is matched with the oiling amount of an oiling device, thereby ensuring that the oil content of the spinning can play the effects of bundling, lubricating, reducing the friction coefficient and resisting static electricity, and reducing broken filaments generated in the production process.
And in the low-temperature drying process of the S1 polyester chips, dry and cold air is introduced into a storage space for storing the chips through a refrigeration compressor, water in the chips enters an evaporator through cold frosting, condensed water is discharged through a water outlet, and the polyester chips are subjected to dry cooling dehumidification.
And S2, dedusting the slices with low pollution, wherein a dedusting electrostatic roller is arranged in the dedusting device, and the electrostatic roller carries out electrostatic adsorption removal on dust in the polyester slices.
And S3, carrying out hot melting on the slices in the slice hot melting process, and controlling the temperature of the slices to be 280-300 ℃ before carrying out hot melting.
And S4, adopting a cleaning heating medium to heat and preserve the temperature of the melt in the conveying pipeline in the melt conveying process.
S5, in the process of heat preservation and distribution of the melt of the spinning beam, the heat preservation temperature in the spinning beam is between 270 ℃ and 285 ℃.
And in the step-type spinning cooling process of S7, a step-type cooling method is adopted, and four cooling sections are arranged inside the cooling shaft.
S8, in the low-pollution oiling process, a double-section oiling mode is adopted, the first section of the oiling device is oiled by an oil nozzle, and the second section of the oiling device is oiled by an oil roller.
2. The environment-friendly processing technology of the high-strength polyester POY as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: and in the low-temperature drying process of the S1 polyester chip, the flow rate of introduced dry cold air is 4-7m/S, and the moisture content of the introduced cold air is less than 8 g/kg.
3. The environment-friendly processing technology of high-strength polyester POY as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: and in the low-temperature drying process of the S1 polyester chip, the target moisture content of the polyester chip after dehumidification is less than or equal to 50 ppm.
4. The environment-friendly processing technology of the high-strength polyester POY as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: and S2, in the slicing low-pollution dedusting process, the stirring and rotating speed of a dedusting electrostatic roller in the dedusting device is 2-5 r/min.
5. The environment-friendly processing technology of the high-strength polyester POY as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: and in the S3 and the slice hot melting process, the temperature of the highest hot melting temperature point in the hot melting device is not higher than 350 ℃.
6. The environment-friendly processing technology of the high-strength polyester POY as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: and the S4 and the cleaning heat medium adopted in the melt conveying process are superheated steam, and the temperature of the superheated steam is 270-280 ℃.
7. The environment-friendly processing technology of the high-strength polyester POY as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step-type spinning cooling of S7, four cooling sections are arranged inside the cooling shaft, baffles with poor heat conduction performance are arranged between adjacent cooling sections for isolation, and the cooling temperature from the first cooling section to the fourth cooling section is 270 ℃, 230 ℃, 200 ℃ and 170 ℃ in sequence.
8. The environment-friendly processing technology of the high-strength polyester POY as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: the length of each cooling section from the first section of cooling section to the fourth section of cooling section is 80 cm.
9. The environment-friendly processing technology of the high-strength polyester POY as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: s8, in the low-pollution oiling process, the oiling devices at the front end and the rear end are sealed oiling, the oiling position is in a sealed cavity, and an oil recovery cavity is arranged on the lower side of an oiling roller of the oiling device of the oiling roller.
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