CN114591463A - pNIPAm gel device, preparation method and application method - Google Patents
pNIPAm gel device, preparation method and application method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114591463A CN114591463A CN202210269435.0A CN202210269435A CN114591463A CN 114591463 A CN114591463 A CN 114591463A CN 202210269435 A CN202210269435 A CN 202210269435A CN 114591463 A CN114591463 A CN 114591463A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pnipam
- gel
- component
- gel device
- monomer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 23
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011231 conductive filler Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 59
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 32
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 125
- 229920003213 poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) Polymers 0.000 description 110
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 31
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 23
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 15
- PIZHFBODNLEQBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-diethoxy-1-phenylethanone Chemical compound CCOC(OCC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PIZHFBODNLEQBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000011837 N,N-methylenebisacrylamide Substances 0.000 description 14
- 108010025899 gelatin film Proteins 0.000 description 14
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- QNILTEGFHQSKFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propan-2-ylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(C)NC(=O)C=C QNILTEGFHQSKFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000208 temperature-responsive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002077 nanosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002042 Silver nanowire Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004984 smart glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoin Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N buten-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)C=C FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011557 critical solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 etc.) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002073 nanorod Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005501 phase interface Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004291 polyenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004641 Diallyl-phthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000028419 Styrax benzoin Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000126 Styrax benzoin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008411 Sumatra benzointree Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002130 benzoin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC=C QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Cu+2] OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019382 gum benzoic Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 description 1
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004310 photopic vision Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001690 polydopamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ARJOQCYCJMAIFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC(=O)C=C ARJOQCYCJMAIFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012056 semi-solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/52—Amides or imides
- C08F220/54—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/44—Polymerisation in the presence of compounding ingredients, e.g. plasticisers, dyestuffs, fillers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/03—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
- C08J3/075—Macromolecular gels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2333/24—Homopolymers or copolymers of amides or imides
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of optical materials, and discloses a pNIPAm gel device, a preparation method and an application method; the application method comprises the steps of introducing a third component into a mixed solution containing the pNIPAm monomer, and retaining the third component in a gel system in the process of forming gel by in-situ polymerization of the pNIPAm monomer; the third component includes an organic solvent. The application is used for meeting the application in the fields of outdoor intelligent windows, bathroom intelligent glass, human body temperature sensing and the like by reducing the response temperature of the thermal response polymer to the required temperature; on the premise of not influencing the transmittance of the thermal response polymer before phase change, the invention improves the light management performance of the polymer after phase change, is beneficial to improving the intelligent regulation and control capability of the polymer to sunlight and improving the light scattering and shielding capability of the polymer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical materials, in particular to a pNIPAm gel device, a preparation method and an application method.
Background
Thermally responsive polymer gels are elastic semi-solid materials formed from a solvent (usually water) and a polymer network that can selectively produce large volume changes over a specific temperature range. Based on the nature of the polymer network, thermoresponsive polymer gels can be classified into two categories, one with a Low CriticaL SoLution Temperature (LCST) and the other with a high criticaL soLution temperature (UCST). The low critical eutectic temperature and the high critical eutectic temperature of the thermal response polymer gel are collectively referred to as the thermal response temperature or the phase transition temperature.
The thermoresponsive polymer gel with an LCST dehydrates, reduces in volume and reduces in light transmission when the temperature is raised to the LCST, and absorbs water again, increases in volume and increases in light transmission when the temperature is lowered back to the LCST, such as poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAm) hydrogel, hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) hydrogel and the like. Among them, the pNIPAm hydrogel has a phase transition temperature of about 32 ℃, and a relatively low temperature, which is between room temperature and human body temperature, and is a most common thermal response hydrogel material.
After phase transition (LCST) of pure pNIPAm hydrogel, water will be separated out from the polymer molecular chain, forming a solvent-rich phase and a polymer-rich phase, and forming an obvious phase interface. There is a significant difference in refractive index between the solvent-rich and polymer-rich phases, and the solvent forms numerous microspheres randomly dispersed within the polymer matrix under the combined influence of the interfacial tension of the solvent and the interaction with the polymer/solvent. When incident light enters the polymer gel, the microspheres become light scattering centers, and under the combined action of countless scattering centers, the thermally responsive polymer gel has the capability of regulating and controlling the incident light after phase change.
Before phase transition (LCST), polymer molecular chains of the pure pNIPAm hydrogel have strong interaction with a solvent, the molecular chains of the polymer are in a stretched state, and no obvious phase interface appears, so that the polymer gel can be in a transparent state. However, the light-regulating ability of pure thermo-responsive polymer gel after phase transition is not outstanding, and the two main reasons are: A. the size of the scattering center is not easy to regulate and control; B. the difference in refractive index between the water-rich phase and the polymer-rich phase is not easily controlled. They greatly weaken the regulation and control ability and scattering performance of the gel to light, and the phase transition temperature of the pure pNIPAm hydrogel is 32 ℃, which has a larger difference compared with the room temperature (25 ℃). These deficiencies all greatly limit the application of pure pNIPAm hydrogel in smart windows and the fields of human body temperature sensing, etc.
At present, the main methods for improving the light regulation and control capability of the thermal response pNIPAm hydrogel after phase transition are as follows: microgel method, refractive index regulation method and scatterer introduction method. The microgel method is that micro-nano gel microspheres are prepared by methods such as violent stirring and the like in the process of thermal response polymer gel polymerization. ② the refractive index regulating method refers to a method for improving the light regulating ability of the thermal response polymer gel by regulating the refractive index difference between the water-rich phase and the polymer-rich phase. Both methods can obviously improve the light regulation and scattering performance of the thermal response polymer gel after phase change, but the preparation method is complex, involves high-temperature reaction and large-amount use of solvent, and is very unfavorable for the environment. And thirdly, a scatterer method is further introduced, and as the name suggests, a scattering center is further introduced into the thermal response polymer gel. The method can simply and effectively improve the light regulation and control capability of the thermal response polymer gel after phase change, but has great influence on the transmittance of the thermal response polymer gel before phase change. In addition, the three methods do not simultaneously relate to the regulation and control of the phase-change temperature while improving the light regulation and control capability after the phase change.
Therefore, a simple, convenient and green method is sought, and on the premise of ensuring that the transmittance of the thermo-responsive polymer gel is not changed greatly before the phase change, the regulation and control capability of the thermo-responsive polymer gel on light after the phase change is improved as much as possible. Meanwhile, if the phase transition temperature can be regulated and controlled at the same time, the application of the phase transition temperature in the fields of intelligent windows, human body temperature sensing and the like can be further expanded.
Disclosure of Invention
< problems to be solved by the present invention >
To address the phase transition temperatures of (1) pure polymer gels currently existing, typically above 30 ℃; (2) the light management properties of current pure polymer gels are not fully satisfactory, especially the hiding power needs to be improved; (3) the preparation method of the polymer gel is complicated, and the regulation of response temperature and light management performance are difficult to realize.
< technical solution adopted in the present invention >
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a pNIPAm gel device, a preparation method and an application method.
The specific contents are as follows:
the invention provides an application method of a pNIPAm gel device for simultaneously regulating and controlling response temperature and light management performance, wherein a third component is introduced into a mixed solution containing a pNIPAm monomer, and the third component is reserved in a gel system in the process of forming gel by in-situ polymerization of the pNIPAm monomer;
the third component is an organic solvent, and the organic solvent is an organic solvent which can obviously weaken the interaction of pNIPAm molecular chains and water molecules.
Secondly, the invention provides an application method of the pNIPAm gel device for regulating and controlling the electrical response characteristics, which comprises the steps of mixing a solution containing a pNIPAm monomer, introducing a third component, and introducing a fourth component;
the fourth component comprises a nano conductive filler or an ionic conductive component.
Thirdly, the present invention provides an application method of the pNIPAm gel device for adjusting and controlling the electrical response characteristics, and the aforementioned encapsulation material of the pNIPAm gel device is a conductive film or conductive glass.
Fourthly, the application method of the pNIPAm gel device for regulating and controlling the response characteristic of light comprises the steps of mixing solution containing the pNIPAm monomer, introducing the third component, and introducing the fifth component;
the fifth component is a component having a photo-thermal effect.
Fifthly, the pNIPAm gel device is applied to the method for regulating and controlling the response characteristic of light, and the packaging material of the pNIPAm gel device is a photo-thermal film or photo-thermal glass.
Sixth, the present invention provides a method for preparing a pNIPAm gel device, comprising the steps of:
mixing the pNIPAm monomer with water, a third component, a cross-linking agent and a photoinitiator to obtain a mixed solution; introducing inert gas to remove oxygen, preparing film device prepolymers with different thicknesses by adopting a tape casting method, and preparing the gel device film in a photoreactor.
Seventh, the present invention provides a pNIPAm gel device obtained by the aforementioned preparation method.
< technical mechanism and advantageous effects adopted by the present invention >
(1) The invention aims to achieve the purpose of simultaneously regulating and controlling the phase transition temperature and the light regulation and control capability after phase transition (LCST) by weakening the interaction between the thermal response polymer gel and the solvent;
(2) in the invention, the interaction between the thermal response polymer molecular chain and the solvent is weakened, so as to regulate and control the size relationship of the interaction between the thermal response polymer molecular chain and the polymer molecular chain or the interaction between the solvent molecules. The size relationship between the interaction between the polymer molecular chain and the solvent and the interaction between the polymer molecular chains is closely related to the phase transition temperature of the polymer gel device; the interaction between the polymer molecular chain and the solvent and the interaction between the solvents determine the light control capability and the light management performance of the polymer gel device after phase change;
(3) when the relative value of the interaction between the polymer molecular chain and the solvent molecule is reduced as compared with the interaction between the polymer molecular chains, the solvent molecule is more easily discharged out of the polymer molecular chain, an enriched state of the solvent is more easily formed, and a scattering center and a scattering interface are generated. Therefore, the phase transition temperature of the polymer gel is lowered.
(4) Compared with the interaction between solvent molecules, the change of the relative value of the interaction between the polymer molecular chain and the solvent molecules can directly influence the size of the scattering center of the polymer gel after phase change, and further influence the light regulation and control capability and the light management performance of a gel device. After the phase transition, when the scattering center formed when the polymer gel reaches a stable state, the scattering microspheres composed of the solvent are affected by interfacial tension, solvent molecule interaction force inside the microspheres, and interaction of polymer molecule chains and solvent molecules. Therefore, if the interaction between the polymer molecular chain and the solvent molecule is weakened, the resultant force applied to the microsphere is increased, and the direction is still directed to the interior of the microsphere, and then the size of the microsphere is obviously reduced (as shown in fig. 2).
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of hydrogen bonding interactions before and after phase transition for various gel devices;
FIG. 2 shows the force analysis (A-C) and light scattering analysis (D) of the scattering centers of different gel devices after phase transition:
2- (A-C) stress analysis and dimensional change of scattering centers formed in the polymer gel after phase transition (LCST). When the scattering center is formed and reaches a steady state, the resultant force borne by the scattering center microsphere points to the interior of the microsphere, and the larger the resultant force is, the smaller the microsphere size is;
2-D schematic diagram of the scattering process of the scattering centers formed when the polymer gel is after phase transition (LCST). According to Mie scattering theory, a reduction in the size of the scattering center contributes to an increase in backscattering and thus to an improvement in the shielding capability of the gel device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are conventional products which are not indicated by manufacturers and are commercially available.
The invention aims to provide a pNIPAm gel device, a preparation method and an application method.
The response temperature of the thermal response polymer is reduced to a required temperature, such as room temperature (25 ℃), so that the application of the thermal response polymer in the fields of outdoor intelligent windows, bathroom intelligent glass, human body temperature sensing and the like is met; on the premise of not influencing the transmittance of the thermal response polymer before phase change, the invention improves the light management performance of the polymer after phase change, is beneficial to improving the intelligent regulation and control capability of the polymer to sunlight and improving the intelligent light scattering and shielding capability of the polymer to thermal stimulation response.
The invention provides an application method of a pNIPAm gel device for simultaneously regulating and controlling response temperature and light management performance.
In the invention, the third component is an organic solvent, the organic solvent is an organic solvent capable of obviously weakening the interaction of pNIPAm molecular chains and water molecules, and the mass ratio of water to the organic solvent is 1: 0.001-0.5.
In the present invention, the organic solvent includes at least one of alcohols, ketones, amines, esters, heterocycles, nitrogen-containing compounds and sulfur-containing compounds.
The light management properties described herein include, but are not limited to, transmittance, haze, effective scattering range, scattering uniformity, and shading ability.
Thirdly, the invention provides an application method of the pNIPAm gel device for regulating and controlling the electrical response characteristic, which comprises the steps of introducing the third component and the fourth component into the mixed solution containing the pNIPAm monomer;
the fourth component comprises nano conductive filler.
In the present invention, the nano conductive filler includes at least one of nano metal particles, liquid metal, or conductive paths formed by carbon-based nano filler.
Specifically, the nano conductive filler mainly includes nano metal particles such as silver nanoparticle (silver nanosphere, silver nanorod, silver nanowire, etc.) filler, gold nanoparticle (gold nanosphere, gold nanorod, gold nanowire, etc.), copper nanoparticle (copper nanosphere, copper nanorod, copper nanowire, etc.), liquid metal, etc.; or a conductive path formed by carbon-based nano-filler, such as a small amount of graphene oxide.
In the invention, the mass ratio of the pNIPAm monomer to the fourth component is 1: 0.00001-0.5.
Fifth, the present invention provides an application method of the pNIPAm gel device for adjusting and controlling the electrical response characteristics, including that the packaging material of the pNIPAm gel device is a conductive film or conductive glass.
The conductive film or conductive glass mainly includes a transparent film or glass having excellent conductivity. Such as indium tin oxide (commonly referred to as ITO) glass or thin film, conductive glass deposited or filled on the surface of silver nanowires, or conductive thin film.
Fourthly, the invention provides an application method of the pNIPAm gel device for regulating and controlling the response characteristic of light, which comprises the steps of introducing the third component and then introducing the fifth component into the mixed solution containing the pNIPAm monomer;
the fifth component is a component having a photo-thermal effect.
In the present invention, the fifth component includes at least one of gold nanoparticles, tungsten oxide, copper sulfide, graphene oxide, or polydopamine. The gold nanoparticles include gold nanospheres, gold nanorods, gold nanowires, and the like.
In the invention, the mass ratio of the pNIPAm monomer to the fifth component is 1: 0.00001-0.5.
Fifth, the present invention provides an application method of the pNIPAm gel device for adjusting and controlling the response characteristic of light, wherein the packaging material of the pNIPAm gel device is a photo-thermal film or photo-thermal glass.
The photothermal film or photothermal glass means a film or glass having a photothermal effect and being transparent. Such as a multilayer film or glass having photonic crystal characteristics or a film or glass in which the above components are deposited or filled, and the like.
Sixth, the present invention provides a method for preparing a pNIPAm gel device, comprising the steps of:
mixing the pNIPAm monomer with water, a third component, a cross-linking agent and a photoinitiator to obtain a mixed solution; introducing inert gas to remove oxygen, preparing film device prepolymers with different thicknesses by adopting a tape casting method, and preparing the gel device film in a photoreactor.
In the invention, a gel film is prepared by adopting a tape casting method. To produce a hydrogel film of the desired thickness, two thin glass sheets were connected at intervals using a silicone sheet (500nm) as the spacer. In situ polymerization of pNIPAm gel was performed in a UVLED reactor.
In the present invention, the crosslinking agent includes a polyene monomer.
The polyene monomer comprises at least one of p-methacrylic anhydride, acrylic anhydride, diallyl phthalate, diallyl cyanoethyl acetate or N, N-methylene-bis-acrylamide.
In the present invention, the photoinitiator includes a radical initiator. The free radical initiator comprises at least one of Azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), dibenzoyl peroxide (BPO), methyl vinyl ketone, benzoin and 2, 2-diethoxyacetophenone.
In the invention, the mass ratio of water to the pNIPAm monomer is 1: 0.01-0.5; the mass ratio of the pNIPAm monomer to the cross-linking agent is 1: 0.0001-0.5; the mass ratio of the pNIPAm monomer to the photoinitiator is 1: 0.0001-0.05.
Carrying out in-situ polymerization on the pNIPAm gel in a UVLED reactor, wherein the reaction time is 1-30 min, the power is 1-50%, and the temperature is 0-30 ℃ (nitrogen atmosphere).
Seventh, the present invention provides a pNIPAm gel device obtained by the aforementioned preparation method.
< example >
Example 1
A preparation method of a modified pNIPAm gel device comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving 1g of N-isopropylacrylamide hydrogel in a mixed solution of 17.6mL of deionized water and 2.4mL of ethanol; dissolving 10mg of N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide and 7.5 mu L of 2, 2-diethoxyacetophenone by using the mixed solution, and stirring at a high speed for 1 h; then continuously introducing nitrogen into the mixed solution for 10 min; in this example, the third component is ethanol.
(2) The gel film is prepared by adopting a tape casting method, and a silica gel sheet (500nm) is used as a spacing sheet to connect two thin glass sheets at intervals. The in situ polymerization of pNIPAm gel was carried out in a UVLED reactor with a reaction time of 10min, a power of 10% and a temperature of 20 ℃ (nitrogen atmosphere).
Example 2
A preparation method of a modified pNIPAm gel device comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving 1g of N-isopropylacrylamide hydrogel in a mixed solution of 17mL of deionized water and 3mL of acetone; dissolving 10mg of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide and 7.5 mu L of 2, 2-diethoxyacetophenone by using the mixed solution, and stirring at a high speed for 1 h; then continuously introducing nitrogen into the mixed solution for 10 min; in this example, the third component was acetone.
(2) The gel film is prepared by adopting a casting method, and a silica gel sheet (500nm) is used as a spacing sheet to connect two thin glass sheets at intervals. The in situ polymerization of pNIPAm gel was carried out in a UVLED reactor with a reaction time of 10min, a power of 12% and a temperature of 20 ℃ (nitrogen atmosphere).
Example 3
A preparation method of a modified pNIPAm gel device comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving 1g of N-isopropylacrylamide hydrogel in a mixed solution of 17.2mL of deionized water and 2.8mL of dimethyl sulfoxide; dissolving 10mg of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide and 7.5 mu L of 2, 2-diethoxyacetophenone by using the mixed solution, and stirring at a high speed for 1 h; then continuously introducing nitrogen into the mixed solution for 10 min; in this example, the third component is dimethyl sulfoxide.
(2) The gel film is prepared by adopting a tape casting method, and a silica gel sheet (500nm) is used as a spacing sheet to connect two thin glass sheets at intervals. The in situ polymerization of pNIPAm gel was carried out in a UVLED reactor with a reaction time of 10min, a power of 12% and a temperature of 20 ℃ (nitrogen atmosphere).
Example 4
A preparation method of a modified pNIPAm gel device comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving 1g of N-isopropylacrylamide hydrogel in a mixed solution of 16.9mL of deionized water and 3.1mL of N, N-dimethylformamide; dissolving 10mg of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide and 7.5 mu L of 2, 2-diethoxyacetophenone by using the mixed solution, and stirring at a high speed for 1 h; then continuously introducing nitrogen into the mixed solution for 10 min; in this example, the third component is N, N-dimethylformamide.
(2) The gel film is prepared by adopting a tape casting method, and a silica gel sheet (500nm) is used as a spacing sheet to connect two thin glass sheets at intervals. The in situ polymerization of pNIPAm gel was carried out in a UVLED reactor with a reaction time of 8min, a power of 12% and a temperature of 20 ℃ (nitrogen atmosphere).
Example 5
A preparation method of a modified pNIPAm gel device comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving 1g of N-isopropylacrylamide hydrogel in a mixed solution of 17.6mL of deionized water and 2.4mL of ethanol; dissolving 10mg of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide and 7.5 mu L of 2, 2-diethoxyacetophenone by using the mixed solution, and stirring at a high speed for 1 h; then continuously introducing nitrogen into the mixed solution for 10 min; in this example, the third component is ethanol.
(2) The gel film is prepared by adopting a tape casting method, and a silica gel sheet (500nm) is used as a spacing sheet to connect two thin conductive glass sheets at intervals. The in situ polymerization of pNIPAm gel was carried out in a UVLED reactor with a reaction time of 10min, a power of 10% and a temperature of 20 ℃ (nitrogen atmosphere).
Example 6
A preparation method of a modified pNIPAm gel device comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving 1g of N-isopropylacrylamide hydrogel in a mixed solution of 17.6mL of deionized water and 2.4mL of ethanol; dissolving 10mg of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide and 7.5 mu L of 2, 2-diethoxyacetophenone by using the mixed solution, and stirring at a high speed for 1 h; then continuously introducing nitrogen into the mixed solution for 10 min; in this example, the third component was ethanol and the fourth component was silver nanowires (1 mg).
(2) The gel film is prepared by adopting a tape casting method, and a silica gel sheet (500nm) is used as a spacing sheet to connect two common glass sheets at intervals. The in situ polymerization of pNIPAm gel was carried out in a UVLED reactor with a reaction time of 10min, a power of 10% and a temperature of 20 ℃ (nitrogen atmosphere).
Example 7
A preparation method of a modified pNIPAm gel device comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving 1g of N-isopropylacrylamide hydrogel in a mixed solution of 17.6mL of deionized water and 2.4mL of ethanol; dissolving 10mg of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide and 7.5 mu L of 2, 2-diethoxyacetophenone by using the mixed solution, and stirring at a high speed for 1 h; then continuously introducing nitrogen into the mixed solution for 10 min; in this example, the third component is ethanol.
(2) The gel film is prepared by adopting a tape casting method, and a silica gel sheet (500nm) is used as a spacing sheet to connect two thin photo-thermal glass sheets at intervals. The in situ polymerization of pNIPAm gel was carried out in a UVLED reactor with a reaction time of 10min, a power of 10% and a temperature of 20 ℃ (nitrogen atmosphere).
Example 8
A preparation method of a modified pNIPAm gel device comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving 1g of N-isopropylacrylamide hydrogel in a mixed solution of 17.6mL of deionized water and 2.4mL of ethanol; dissolving 10mg of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide and 7.5 mu L of 2, 2-diethoxyacetophenone by using the mixed solution, and stirring at a high speed for 1 h; then continuously introducing nitrogen into the mixed solution for 10 min; in this example, the third component was ethanol and the fifth component was gold nanorods (1 mg).
(2) The gel film is prepared by adopting a tape casting method, and a silica gel sheet (500nm) is used as a spacing sheet to connect two common glass sheets at intervals. In-situ polymerization of pNIPAm gel was carried out in a UVLED reactor with 10min reaction time, 10% power and 20 ℃ (nitrogen atmosphere).
< comparative example >
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of a pNIPAm gel device comprises the following steps:
(1) 1g of N-isopropylacrylamide hydrogel was dissolved in 20mL of deionized water, and 10mg of N, N-methylenebisacrylamide and 7.5. mu.L of 2, 2-diethoxyacetophenone were dissolved in the mixed solution. Stirring at high speed for 1h, and then continuously introducing nitrogen into the mixed solution for 10 min;
(2) the gel film is prepared by adopting a tape casting method, and a silica gel sheet (500nm) is used as a spacing sheet to connect two thin glass sheets at intervals. The in situ polymerization of pNIPAm gel was carried out in a UVLED reactor with a reaction time of 10min, a power of 10% and a temperature of 20 ℃ (nitrogen atmosphere).
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of a pNIPAm gel device comprises the following steps:
(1) 1g of N-isopropylacrylamide hydrogel was dissolved in 20mL of deionized water, and 10mg of N, N-methylenebisacrylamide and 7.5. mu.L of 2, 2-diethoxyacetophenone were dissolved in the mixed solution. Stirring at high speed for 1h, and then continuously introducing nitrogen into the mixed solution for 10 min;
(2) the gel film is prepared by adopting a tape casting method, and a silica gel sheet (500nm) is used as a spacing sheet to connect two thin conductive glass sheets at intervals. In-situ polymerization of pNIPAm gel was carried out in a UVLED reactor with 10min reaction time, 10% power and 20 ℃ (nitrogen atmosphere).
Comparative example 3
A preparation method of a modified pNIPAm gel device comprises the following steps:
(1) 1g of N-isopropylacrylamide hydrogel was dissolved in 20mL of deionized water, and 10mg of N, N-methylenebisacrylamide and 7.5. mu.L of 2, 2-diethoxyacetophenone were dissolved in the mixed solution. Stirring at high speed for 1h, then continuously introducing nitrogen into the mixed solution for 10min, and the fourth component is nano silver wire (1 mg).
(2) The gel film is prepared by adopting a tape casting method, and a silica gel sheet (500nm) is used as a spacing sheet to connect two common glass sheets at intervals. The in situ polymerization of pNIPAm gel was carried out in a UVLED reactor with a reaction time of 10min, a power of 10% and a temperature of 20 ℃ (nitrogen atmosphere).
Comparative example 4
A preparation method of a pNIPAm gel device comprises the following steps:
(1) 1g of N-isopropylacrylamide hydrogel was dissolved in 20mL of deionized water, and 10mg of N, N-methylenebisacrylamide and 7.5. mu.L of 2, 2-diethoxyacetophenone were dissolved in the mixed solution. Stirring at high speed for 1h, and then continuously introducing nitrogen into the mixed solution for 10 min;
(2) the gel film is prepared by adopting a tape casting method, and a silica gel sheet (500nm) is used as a spacing sheet to connect two thin photo-thermal glass sheets at intervals. The in situ polymerization of pNIPAm gel was carried out in a UVLED reactor with a reaction time of 10min, a power of 10% and a temperature of 20 ℃ (nitrogen atmosphere).
Comparative example 5
A preparation method of a pNIPAm gel device comprises the following steps:
(1) 1g of N-isopropylacrylamide hydrogel was dissolved in 20mL of deionized water, and 10mg of N, N-methylenebisacrylamide and 7.5. mu.L of 2, 2-diethoxyacetophenone were dissolved in the mixed solution. Stirring at high speed for 1h, then continuously introducing nitrogen into the mixed solution for 10min, and collecting gold nanorods (1mg) as a fourth component.
(2) The gel film is prepared by adopting a tape casting method, and a silica gel sheet (500nm) is used as a spacing sheet to connect two common glass sheets at intervals. The in situ polymerization of pNIPAm gel was carried out in a UVLED reactor with a reaction time of 10min, a power of 10% and a temperature of 20 ℃ (nitrogen atmosphere).
< test example >
Test example 1 Total transmittance, haze, direct transmittance and Scattering transmittance measurements
The samples prepared in examples 1-4 (E1-E4) and comparative example 1(C1) were tested for total transmittance, haze, direct transmittance and scattering transmittance at different temperatures using GB/T2410-2008 standard, and the results are shown in tables 1-1 to 1-4.
TABLE 1-1 comparison of Performance test results for pNIPAm gel E1 and C1
TABLE 1-2 comparison of Performance test results for pNIPAm gel E2 and C1
TABLE 1-3 comparison of Performance test results for pNIPAm gel E3 and C1
TABLE 1-4 comparison of Performance test results for pNIPAm gel E4 and C1
As can be seen from tables 1-1 to tables 1-4: compared with a pure pNIPAm gel device, the modified pNIPAm gel device prepared by the invention has little change of transmittance before phase change, high light transmittance and low haze, but the regulation and control capability to light after phase change is obviously improved, and the phase change temperature is obviously reduced.
Specifically, at 25 ℃, neither gel undergoes phase transition behavior, and the total transmittance, haze, direct transmittance and scattering transmittance of the two are not obviously changed. After the phase transition temperature is exceeded (the phase transition temperature of the modified pNIPAm gel device is about 27-29 ℃, and the phase transition temperature of the pure pNIPAm gel device (C1) is about 33-35 ℃), the total transmittance and the direct transmittance of the modified pNIPAm gel (E1) are obviously reduced, and the haze and the scattering transmittance are also obviously improved. Taking the modified pNIPAm gel with the third component of ethanol as an example, the total transmittance of the modified pNIPAm gel device is 47.96% and the direct transmittance is 0% at 37 ℃, and the transmittance is respectively reduced by 22.46% and 100% compared with that of a pure pNIPAm gel device; the haze is 101.80%, the scattering transmittance is 48.75%, and compared with a pure pNIPAm gel device, the haze is increased by 57.68% and 22.09%, respectively.
Test example 2 measurement of phase Change speed at different voltages
The phase transition speed test was performed at different voltages using the samples prepared in example 5(E5) and comparative example 2(C2), and the results are shown in tables 1 to 5.
TABLE 1-5 pNIPAm gel E5 vs C2 Performance test results
As can be seen from tables 1-5: compared with a pure pNIPAm conductive gel device (C2), the phase change speed of the modified pNIPAm conductive gel device (E5) prepared by the invention to different voltages is obviously improved. Taking the voltage of 6.0V as an example, the pure pNIPAm conductive gel device does not start to undergo phase change until being electrified for 33s, while the modified pNIPAm conductive gel device can undergo obvious phase change after being electrified for 6s, and the regulation and control capability to light is also obviously improved.
The phase transition speed test was performed at different voltages using the samples prepared in example 6(E6) and comparative example 3(C3), and the results are shown in tables 1 to 6.
TABLE 1-6 pNIPAm gel E6 vs C3 Performance test results
As can be seen from tables 1-6: compared with a pure pNIPAm conductive gel device (C3), the phase change speed of the modified pNIPAm conductive gel device (E6) prepared by the invention to different voltages is also obviously improved.
Test example 3-measurement of phase Change Rate in one Sun
One sun (100 mW/cm) was conducted on the samples prepared in example 7(E7) and comparative example 4(C4)2) The results of the phase transition speed test are shown in tables 1 to 7.
TABLE 1-7 comparison of Performance test results for pNIPAm gel E7 and C4
As can be seen from tables 1-7: compared with a pure pNIPAm photo-thermal gel device (C4), the phase change speed of the modified pNIPAm photo-thermal gel device (E7) prepared by the invention to one sun is obviously improved. Specifically, the pure pNIPAm conductive gel device does not start to undergo phase change until 200s of irradiation, while the modified pNIPAm conductive gel device can undergo obvious phase change after 80s of irradiation, and the light regulation and control capability is also obviously improved.
Using the samples prepared in example 8(E8) and comparative example 5(C5), a sun (100 mW/cm)2) The results of the phase transition speed test are shown in tables 1 to 8.
TABLE 1-8 comparison of Performance test results for pNIPAm gel E8 and C5
As can be seen from tables 1-8: compared with a pure pNIPAm photothermal gel device (C5), the phase change speed of the modified pNIPAm photothermal gel device (E8) prepared by the invention to one sun is also obviously improved.
< analysis of mechanism >
As shown in fig. 1, the introduction of the third component weakens the hydrogen bonding interaction between water molecules and pNIPAm polymer molecules, and the interaction between polymer chains is more dominant after the phase transition occurs, so that the modified pNIPAm gel device can undergo the phase transition at a lower temperature. In addition, the reduction of hydrogen bonding interactions of water molecules with the pNIPAm polymer molecular chains also makes it at a disadvantage in competition with the surface tension of the water droplet scattering centers (fig. 2A-C), and therefore the size of the scattering centers is significantly reduced. From Mie scattering theory, the reduced scattering intensity of the scattering center is significantly enhanced (fig. 2D).
< characterization of applications of outdoor Smart Window >
The samples prepared in example 1(E1) and comparative example 1(C1) were applied to outdoor smart windows, and the control performance is shown in table 2.
Table 2 pNIPAm gel characterization for application as an outdoor smart window
ΔTIR，ΔTsolarAnd Δ TlumThe regulation and control performances of different devices on near infrared light, sunlight and visible light wave bands can be calculated through formulas (1) and (2).
ΔTlum/IR/solar＝lum/IR/solar(beforephasechange)
Tlum/IR/solar(afrer phase change) (2)
Wherein T (λ) is a transmittance at a specific wavelength,
a standard luminous efficiency function representing the photopic vision of the human eye,
near infrared/solar irradiance spectra.
Table 2 shows the modified pNIPAm gel and the pure pNIPAm gel for the near infrared band (780nm-2500nm) and sunlightAnd (3) analyzing the regulation and control performance of a wave band (280nm-2500nm) and a visible light wave band (380nm-780 nm). Obviously, the modified pNIPAm gel has more excellent regulation and control performance on light of different wave bands. Further, at room temperature (25 ℃ C.), in 1 sun (100 mW/cm)2) The modified gel can generate phase change within about 80s, and compared with pure pNIPAm gel (200s), the phase change speed is improved by about 60 percent. In conclusion, the modified gel has lower phase transition temperature and more excellent light management performance, and can more rapidly generate phase transition under the sunlight to shield the sunlight. The indoor temperature can be effectively regulated and controlled while the privacy is protected. Therefore, the method has wide application prospect in outdoor intelligent windows.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- An application method of a pNIPAm gel device for simultaneously regulating and controlling response temperature and light management performance is characterized in that a third component is introduced into a mixed solution containing a pNIPAm monomer, and the third component is kept in a gel system in the process of forming gel by in-situ polymerization of the pNIPAm monomer;the third component is an organic solvent, and the organic solvent is an organic solvent capable of weakening the interaction of pNIPAm molecular chains and water molecules.
- 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the organic solvent comprises at least one of alcohols, ketones, amines, esters, heterocycles, nitrogen-containing compounds and sulfur-containing compounds.
- 3. The application method of the pNIPAm gel device for simultaneously regulating and controlling response temperature and light management performance according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of water to organic solvent is 1: 0.001-0.5.
- The method for applying the pNIPAm gel device to control the electrical response characteristics, comprising the step of introducing the third component and then the fourth component into the mixed solution containing the pNIPAm monomer according to claim 1;the fourth component comprises nano conductive filler.
- The method for applying the pNIPAm gel device to control the electrical response characteristics, wherein the packaging material of the pNIPAm gel device of claim 1 or 4 is a conductive film or conductive glass.
- The method for applying the pNIPAm gel device to control the response characteristics of light, comprising the step of introducing the third component and then the fifth component into the mixed solution containing the pNIPAm monomer according to claim 1;the fifth component is a component having a photo-thermal effect.
- The method of using the pNIPAm gel device for adjusting the response characteristics of light, wherein the packaging material of the pNIPAm gel device of claim 1 or 6 is a photo-thermal film or a photo-thermal glass.
- 8. A method for preparing a pNIPAm gel device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:mixing the pNIPAm monomer with water, a third component, a cross-linking agent and a photoinitiator to obtain a mixed solution; introducing inert gas to remove oxygen, preparing film device prepolymers with different thicknesses by adopting a tape casting method, and preparing the gel device film in a photoreactor.
- 9. The method for preparing a pNIPAm gel device according to claim 8, wherein the mass ratio of water to the pNIPAm monomer is 1: 0.01-0.5; the mass ratio of the pNIPAm monomer to the cross-linking agent is 1: 0.0001-0.5; the mass ratio of the pNIPAm monomer to the photoinitiator is 1: 0.0001-0.05.
- 10. A pNIPAm gel device obtained by the method of claim 8 or 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210269435.0A CN114591463A (en) | 2022-03-18 | 2022-03-18 | pNIPAm gel device, preparation method and application method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210269435.0A CN114591463A (en) | 2022-03-18 | 2022-03-18 | pNIPAm gel device, preparation method and application method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114591463A true CN114591463A (en) | 2022-06-07 |
Family
ID=81819602
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210269435.0A Pending CN114591463A (en) | 2022-03-18 | 2022-03-18 | pNIPAm gel device, preparation method and application method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114591463A (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015130012A1 (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2015-09-03 | 동아대학교 산학협력단 | Smart window comprising temperature-sensitive hydrogel containing photothermal conversion material and method for manufacturing same |
| US20160158754A1 (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2016-06-09 | Dublin City University | Photo-responsive spiropyran-based n-isopropylacrylamide (nipam) gels |
| CN106565915A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-04-19 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method for double-temperature-sensitive type mesoporous imprinted polymer |
| CN107033279A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-08-11 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | A kind of deformable stimuli responsive material and preparation method thereof and stimuli responsive flexible microelectrode arrays |
| CN107892732A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-04-10 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of temperature-sensitive hydrogel and preparation method thereof |
| CN109293826A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2019-02-01 | 上海大学 | PNIPAm microgel and vanadium dioxide/silica/PNIPAm composite microgel preparation method |
| CN112011069A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Nano-filler/PNIPAM composite hydrogel and preparation method thereof |
| US20210284775A1 (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2021-09-16 | Roozbeh Emami | Shape morphing soft materials and assemblies including the same |
-
2022
- 2022-03-18 CN CN202210269435.0A patent/CN114591463A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20160158754A1 (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2016-06-09 | Dublin City University | Photo-responsive spiropyran-based n-isopropylacrylamide (nipam) gels |
| WO2015130012A1 (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2015-09-03 | 동아대학교 산학협력단 | Smart window comprising temperature-sensitive hydrogel containing photothermal conversion material and method for manufacturing same |
| CN106565915A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-04-19 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method for double-temperature-sensitive type mesoporous imprinted polymer |
| CN107033279A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-08-11 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | A kind of deformable stimuli responsive material and preparation method thereof and stimuli responsive flexible microelectrode arrays |
| CN109293826A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2019-02-01 | 上海大学 | PNIPAm microgel and vanadium dioxide/silica/PNIPAm composite microgel preparation method |
| CN107892732A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-04-10 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of temperature-sensitive hydrogel and preparation method thereof |
| US20210284775A1 (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2021-09-16 | Roozbeh Emami | Shape morphing soft materials and assemblies including the same |
| CN112011069A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Nano-filler/PNIPAM composite hydrogel and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| MI WANG等: ""Binary Solvent Colloids of Thermosensitive Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Microgel for Smart Windows"", 《IND.ENG.CHEM.RES.》 * |
| 吴奇等: ""激光光散射研究聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)单链及其智能凝胶微球在水中的相变(上)"", 《高分子通报》 * |
| 王 煜等: ""能源化工新材料热致变色水凝胶在智能窗上的应用"", 《华东理工大学学报 （自然科学版）》 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Chou et al. | Switchable transparency of dual-controlled smart glass prepared with hydrogel-containing graphene oxide for energy efficiency | |
| Wei et al. | Thermal-responsive PNIPAm-acrylic/Ag NRs hybrid hydrogel with atmospheric window full-wavelength thermal management for smart windows | |
| Li et al. | Achieving better greenhouse effect than glass: visibly transparent and low emissivity metal-polymer hybrid metamaterials | |
| CN104360526B (en) | Electric-controlled light-regulating film | |
| US20190179176A1 (en) | Composite film, device including, and method of forming the same | |
| Xia et al. | Responsive hydrogels with poly (N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) colloidal spheres as building blocks | |
| CN111592822B (en) | Quick-response thermotropic dimming material and quick-response intelligent dimming film | |
| Carboni et al. | Efficient NIR light blockage with matrix embedded silver nanoprism thin films for energy saving window coating | |
| US11326094B2 (en) | Electrochromic film material and electrochromic film device prepared therefrom | |
| Tang et al. | Heat-resistant PMMA photonic crystal films with bright structural color | |
| JP2006343650A (en) | Dimmer composition, optical element, and dimming method of element | |
| Augustine et al. | Rapid synthesize of gold nanoparticles by microwave irradiation method and its application as an optical limiting material | |
| CN111679455B (en) | Multicolor color-changing thin film device and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107203081A (en) | A kind of intelligent color-changing glass of phasmon wide spectrum regulation and control | |
| CN113047054B (en) | Intelligent color-changing liquid crystal fabric, and preparation method and application thereof | |
| Xu et al. | Anisotropic localized surface plasmon resonance of vanadium dioxide rods in flexible thermochromic film towards multifunctionality | |
| Tan et al. | Temperature-responsive ‘cloud’with controllable self-assembled particle size for smart window application | |
| He et al. | An energy-efficient and low-driving-voltage flexible smart window enhanced by POSS and CsxWO3 | |
| Wang et al. | Freezing-resistant poly (N-isopropylacrylamide)-based hydrogel for thermochromic smart window with solar and thermal radiation regulation | |
| CN114591463A (en) | pNIPAm gel device, preparation method and application method | |
| CN111522151B (en) | Highly sensitive mechanical control intelligent window film and preparation method thereof | |
| CN114634593B (en) | pNIPAm gel device, method for regulating response temperature, light management and durability | |
| CN111983844A (en) | Polymer dispersed liquid crystal film based on liquid crystal physical gel and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110343213B (en) | Hydrogel for temperature switch, preparation method and application of hydrogel in glass material | |
| CN115245797A (en) | Preparation of dual-temperature response type ionic liquid microemulsion gel and application of gel in thermoelectric dual-response intelligent window |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20220607 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |