CN114590790A - Nitrogen-doped carbon material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Nitrogen-doped carbon material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN114590790A
CN114590790A CN202111472010.1A CN202111472010A CN114590790A CN 114590790 A CN114590790 A CN 114590790A CN 202111472010 A CN202111472010 A CN 202111472010A CN 114590790 A CN114590790 A CN 114590790A
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nitrogen
carbon material
doped carbon
powder
alcohol
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CN114590790B (en
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邢孟江
樊庆扬
代传相
邢孟道
刘永红
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Yangtze River Delta Research Institute of UESTC Huzhou
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B21/00Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
    • C01B21/06Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron
    • C01B21/0605Binary compounds of nitrogen with carbon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/05Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
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    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2002/00Crystal-structural characteristics
    • C01P2002/70Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
    • C01P2002/72Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
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    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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    • C01P2006/00Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/90Other properties not specified above
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    • Y02E60/13Energy storage using capacitors

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Abstract

The invention discloses a nitrogen-doped carbon material, wherein the space group of the nitrogen-doped carbon material is Fd-3c, and the lattice parameter a = b = c =1.10592nm +/-0.5%. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the nitrogen-doped carbon material. By reacting cyanuric chloride with NH2NH2The main material is adopted, so that the material cost is low, the waste liquid generated in the preparation process is less, and meanwhile, the preparation process is simple and is easy for mass production.

Description

Nitrogen-doped carbon material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of materials, in particular to a nitrogen-doped carbon material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Carbon element has a very important position in an electrode material due to excellent physical and chemical properties of the carbon element, the electrode material is an important component forming a supercapacitor, and the research and development of the carbon material are the important content of the research and development of the supercapacitor. As one of the hot research objects in the field of current base materials, carbon materials have a long way to design and find breakthroughs. Among them, doping is one of the main ways to improve the properties of carbon materials. Because the electrochemical performance of the material can be obviously improved by doping nitrogen, the synthesis and preparation of the nitrogen-doped porous carbon material are also receiving more and more attention from researchers.
Diamond is currently the hardest material known in the world and as it is found that the excellent mechanical properties exhibited by carbonitrides are comparable to diamond, more and more researchers have begun to generate interest in this material. In 1989, the American scientists Liu and Cohen (literature: "Prediction of New Low compression solutions", Science, 1989, 245, 841) first theoretically proposed beta-C3N 4 crystals using C instead of Si as a model of beta-Si 3N4 crystal structure under local density of states approximation (LocalDensity approximation), which had a hardness comparable to that of diamond. Recently, huang et al (literature: "Tuning Nitrogen specificities and Content in Carbon Materials through structural Variable Structures for Supercapacitors", Journal of organic Materials, 2021, 36, 7) have regulated the type and Content of Nitrogen incorporation into Carbon Materials by the interaction between Si-O-Si network and alumina, so that the Nitrogen Content is as high as 5.29% at 1000 ℃. However, the raw materials and methods used in the doping of carbon materials with nitrogen still need to be studied more deeply.
In the chinese patent publication No. CN109647474A, a nitrogen-doped carbon material, its preparation and application are disclosed. The method comprises the steps of taking glucose as a raw material, taking melamine as a nitrogen source, calcining the glucose to a certain temperature in an inert atmosphere to prepare a carbon substrate, mixing the calcined carbon substrate and the melamine in an aqueous solution according to a certain proportion, heating and stirring, drying, and then calcining at a low temperature in the inert atmosphere again to obtain the nitrogen-doped carbon material.
However, the melamine in the scheme has high cost, waste liquid is easily generated in the process, and the market has the requirements for large-scale production, further reduction of production cost and environmental protection.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the nitrogen-doped carbon material which is simple in manufacturing method and easy for mass production and the preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme is as follows: a nitrogen-doped carbon material comprising:
the space group of the nitrogen-doped carbon material is Fd-3c, and the lattice parameter a = b = c =1.10592nm +/-0.5%.
2. A method of making the nitrogen-doped carbon material of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) cyanuric chloride and NH2NH2Adding into distilled water or alcohol or benzene solvent, and mixing uniformly in inert gas atmosphere to obtain mixture A;
(2) putting the mixture A obtained in the step (1) into a reaction kettle, sealing, carrying out constant temperature treatment in an oven with the temperature of 700-800K for 8-12 h, naturally cooling to room temperature, and standing for 2-5 h to obtain powder B;
(3) and (3) sequentially and repeatedly washing and filtering the powder B obtained in the step (2) by using alcohol, dilute hydrochloric acid and distilled water, sequentially repeating for at least 3 times, and drying for 3-4 hours under the vacuum condition of 350-450K to obtain the nitrogen-doped carbon material as described in the claim 1.
Further, cyanuric chloride and NH in the step (1)2NH2And the solvent is in a mass ratio of 2:1: 10-80.
Further, in the step (1), the mass concentration of the alcohol in the mixture A is 50-95%, and cyanuric chloride and NH are added2NH2The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 2: 1.
Further, in the step (3), the mass concentration of the alcohol is 45-80%, and the volume ratio of the alcohol to the powder B is 2-8: 30.
Further, in the step (3), the mass concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid is 5-20%, and the volume ratio of the dilute hydrochloric acid to the powder B is 2-8: 20.
Further, the volume ratio of the distilled water to the powder B in the step (3) is 2-8: 50.
Further, the nitrogen-doped carbon material is applied to energy storage materials, organic reaction catalysts, photocatalysts and/or sensors.
Has the advantages that: the invention uses cyanuric chloride and NH2NH2Adding carbon source and nitrogen source into distilled water, alcohol and benzene solvent, and preparing the novel nitrogen-doped carbon material through hydrothermal, solvent heat treatment and other steps. The method has the advantages of low waste liquid generation rate, easy removal of impurities such as hydrogen, chlorine, oxygen and the like, rich raw materials and low cost. Process impurities may result from surface oxidation and adsorption during processing, or from inevitable moisture contamination resulting from prolonged exposure to air. And repeatedly washing the powder B to remove the byproducts and the reaction residues in the powder B.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a crystal structure diagram of a nitrogen-doped carbon material according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of nitrogen-doped carbon material example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of nitrogen-doped carbon material example 1 of the present invention;
figure 4 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of nitrogen-doped carbon material example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a nitrogen-doped carbon material, and concretely, the nitrogen-doped carbon material is shown in the following embodiment:
example 1: in the nitrogen-doped carbon material of the present embodiment, the space group of the nitrogen-doped carbon material is Fd-3c, the lattice parameter a = b = c =1.10592nm, and the crystal structure is shown in fig. 1, which has good stability;
a preparation method of a nitrogen-doped carbon material comprises the following specific steps:
(1) mixing cyanuric chloride and NH2NH2Adding the mixture into distilled water, and uniformly mixing the mixture in an inert gas atmosphere to obtain a mixture A; wherein cyanuric chloride, NH2NH2The mass ratio of the distilled water to the distilled water is 2:1: 80;
(2) putting the mixture A obtained in the step (1) into a reaction kettle, sealing, carrying out constant temperature treatment in an oven with the preset temperature of 800K for 12 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature, and standing for 2-5 hours to obtain powder B, wherein the powder B is a carbon nitrogen hydroxide compound;
(3) washing the obtained powder B with alcohol, dilute hydrochloric acid and distilled water repeatedly, filtering, repeating for at least 3 times, and drying under vacuum condition of 450K for 3-4 h to obtain the final productFd-3cThe novel nitrogen-doped carbon material of the space group is characterized in that the mass concentration of alcohol is 45%, and the volume ratio of the alcohol to the powder B is 30: 2-8; the mass concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid is 5%, and the volume ratio of the dilute hydrochloric acid to the powder B is 20: 2-8; the volume ratio of the distilled water to the powder B is 50: 2-8.
This exampleFd-3cThe X-ray diffraction pattern of the space group nitrogen-doped carbon material is shown in fig. 2, which shows the lattice parametera=b=c=1.10592nm。
This exampleFd-3cThe density of the space group nitrogen doped carbon material is 4.1675g/cm3
Example 2: a preparation method of a nitrogen-doped carbon material comprises the following specific steps:
(1) mixing cyanuric chloride and NH2NH2Adding the mixture into alcohol, and uniformly mixing the mixture in an inert gas atmosphere to obtain a mixture A; wherein cyanuric chloride, NH2NH2The mass ratio of the alcohol to the alcohol is 2:1: 50;
(2) putting the mixture A obtained in the step (1) into a reaction kettle, sealing, carrying out constant temperature treatment for 10 hours in an oven with preset temperature of 750K, naturally cooling to room temperature, and standing for 3-5 hours to obtain powder B;
(3) washing the obtained powder B with alcohol, dilute hydrochloric acid and distilled water repeatedly, filtering,repeating for at least 3 times in sequence, and drying for 3-4 h under the vacuum condition of 400K to obtain the productFd-3cThe novel nitrogen-doped carbon material of the space group is characterized in that the mass concentration of alcohol is 75%, and the volume ratio of the alcohol to the powder B is 30: 2-8; the mass concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid is 15%, and the volume ratio of the dilute hydrochloric acid to the powder B is 20: 2-8; the volume ratio of the distilled water to the powder B is 50: 2-8.
This exampleFd-3cThe X-ray diffraction pattern of the space group nitrogen-doped carbon material is shown in fig. 3, the lattice parametera=b=c=1.11043nm;
This exampleFd-3cThe density of the space group nitrogen doped carbon material is 4.1170g/cm3
Example 3: a preparation method of a nitrogen-doped carbon material comprises the following specific steps:
(1) mixing cyanuric chloride and NH2NH2Adding the mixture into a benzene solution, and uniformly mixing the mixture in an inert gas atmosphere to obtain a mixture A; wherein cyanuric chloride, NH2NH2The mass ratio of the benzene to the benzene is 2:1: 10;
(2) putting the mixture A obtained in the step (1) into a reaction kettle, sealing, carrying out constant temperature treatment in a baking oven with the preset temperature of 700K for 8 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature, and standing for 2-5 hours to obtain powder B;
(3) washing the obtained powder B with alcohol, dilute hydrochloric acid and distilled water repeatedly, filtering, repeating for at least 3 times, and drying under vacuum condition of 350K for 3-4 h to obtain the final productFd-3cThe novel nitrogen-doped carbon material of the space group is characterized in that the mass concentration of alcohol is 95%, and the volume ratio of the alcohol to the powder B is 30: 2-8; the mass concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid is 20%, and the volume ratio of the dilute hydrochloric acid to the powder B is 20: 2-8; the volume ratio of the distilled water to the powder B is 50: 2-8.
This exampleFd-3cThe X-ray diffraction pattern of the space group nitrogen-doped carbon material is shown in fig. 4, the lattice parametera=b=c=1.10049nm;
This exampleFd-3cThe density of the space group nitrogen doped carbon material is 4.2127g/cm3
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. A nitrogen-doped carbon material, characterized by: the space group of the nitrogen-doped carbon material is Fd-3c, and the lattice parameter a = b = c =1.10592nm +/-0.5%.
2. A method of making the nitrogen-doped carbon material of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) cyanuric chloride and NH2NH2Adding into distilled water or alcohol or benzene solvent, and mixing uniformly in inert gas atmosphere to obtain mixture A;
(2) putting the mixture A obtained in the step (1) into a reaction kettle, sealing, carrying out constant temperature treatment in an oven with the temperature of 700-800K for 8-12 h, naturally cooling to room temperature, and standing for 2-5 h to obtain powder B;
(3) and (3) sequentially and repeatedly washing and filtering the powder B obtained in the step (2) by using alcohol, dilute hydrochloric acid and distilled water, sequentially repeating for at least 3 times, and drying for 3-4 hours under the vacuum condition of 350-450K to obtain the nitrogen-doped carbon material as described in the claim 1.
3. The nitrogen-doped carbon material of claim 1, wherein: cyanuric chloride and NH in step (1)2NH2And the solvent is in a mass ratio of 2:1: 10-80.
4. The nitrogen-doped carbon material of claim 3, wherein: in the step (1), the mass concentration of the alcohol in the mixture A is 50-95%, and cyanuric chloride and NH are2NH2The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 2: 1.
5. The nitrogen-doped carbon material of claim 4, wherein: in the step (3), the mass concentration of the alcohol is 45-80%, and the volume ratio of the alcohol to the powder B is 2-8: 30.
6. The nitrogen-doped carbon material of claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), the mass concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid is 5-20%, and the volume ratio of the dilute hydrochloric acid to the powder B is 2-8: 20.
7. The nitrogen-doped carbon material of claim 6, wherein: the volume ratio of the distilled water to the powder B in the step (3) is 2-8: 50.
8. The use of the nitrogen-doped carbon material as claimed in claim 1 in energy storage materials, organic reaction catalysts, photocatalysts and/or sensors.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115739047A (en) * 2022-11-18 2023-03-07 电子科技大学长三角研究院(湖州) Preparation method and application of nitrogen-rich adsorbent for removing perfluoro and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from water

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008280203A (en) * 2007-05-10 2008-11-20 National Institute For Materials Science Nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon (n-kit-6) and its production method
CN106920973A (en) * 2017-03-02 2017-07-04 华东师范大学 A kind of synthetic method of nitrogen-doped carbon non noble metal oxygen reduction electrocatalysis material
CN109659148A (en) * 2018-12-26 2019-04-19 江南大学 A kind of nitrogen-doped carbon material and preparation method thereof

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US5981094A (en) * 1996-01-04 1999-11-09 The Carnegie Institution Of Washington Low compressibility carbon nitrides

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008280203A (en) * 2007-05-10 2008-11-20 National Institute For Materials Science Nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon (n-kit-6) and its production method
CN106920973A (en) * 2017-03-02 2017-07-04 华东师范大学 A kind of synthetic method of nitrogen-doped carbon non noble metal oxygen reduction electrocatalysis material
CN109659148A (en) * 2018-12-26 2019-04-19 江南大学 A kind of nitrogen-doped carbon material and preparation method thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115739047A (en) * 2022-11-18 2023-03-07 电子科技大学长三角研究院(湖州) Preparation method and application of nitrogen-rich adsorbent for removing perfluoro and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from water
CN115739047B (en) * 2022-11-18 2024-05-03 电子科技大学长三角研究院(湖州) Preparation method and application of nitrogen-enriched adsorbent for removing perfluoro and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from water

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