CN114587265A - Ocular axis parameter detection device - Google Patents

Ocular axis parameter detection device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114587265A
CN114587265A CN202210234052.XA CN202210234052A CN114587265A CN 114587265 A CN114587265 A CN 114587265A CN 202210234052 A CN202210234052 A CN 202210234052A CN 114587265 A CN114587265 A CN 114587265A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
port
fiber coupler
lens
enters
collimating mirror
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Withdrawn
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CN202210234052.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
田苗
贾晓轩
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Shanghai Guanai Medical Technology Co ltd
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Shanghai Guanai Medical Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202210234052.XA priority Critical patent/CN114587265A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/102Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for optical coherence tomography [OCT]
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/0016Operational features thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/1005Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for measuring distances inside the eye, e.g. thickness of the cornea

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of eye axis parameter detection, and discloses an eye axis parameter detection device, which comprises: a light source, the light source being a weak coherent light source; the light beam emitted by the weak coherent light source is input from an input port of the optical fiber coupler and output from a first port of the optical fiber coupler, and the light beam output from the first port respectively enters human eyes through a special lens, enters the optical path scanning device through a first collimating mirror and enters the optical path scanning device through a second collimating mirror; the light beam entering the human eye is reflected, enters the optical fiber coupler through the special lens, enters the optical path scanning device, is reflected, and enters the optical fiber coupler through the first collimating mirror and the second collimating mirror respectively. One path of the optical path starts scanning from the cornea, the other path starts scanning from a position 19mm away from the cornea, and the scanning stroke of the optical delay line can be shortened for measuring the length of the eye axis.

Description

Ocular axis parameter detection device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of eye axis parameter measurement, and particularly relates to an eye axis parameter detection device.
Background
The distance from the outermost layer of the eye receiving light from the eye, i.e. from the cornea-lens-vitreous body-retina, is considered as a central axis of the optical system, i.e. the "axis", and the length of the axis of a normal adult eye is about 24mm, and the length of the axis differs by 1mm each time, according to the dioptric calculation, and is about 3D, so that a series of myopia prevention and control measures can be made by monitoring the change of the length of the axis.
Currently, there are two main methods for measuring the axis of the eye: one is to measure by detecting the returning acoustic waves at various layers of the eye tissue, typically by contact, using an a-mode ultrasonic measurement of the eye axis. The other is a measuring device based on the weak coherent principle of optics, which realizes interference by making the optical phase of the reference arm and the sample arm smaller than the coherent length of the light source, and the method belongs to non-contact measurement.
The optical method based on weak coherence is based on the basic principle that a weak coherent light source is utilized, two coherent lights are generated through a light splitting element or an optical fiber coupler and respectively enter an eyeball of a human body and an optical path scanning device, in the optical path scanning process, when the optical path difference of two paths of lights is smaller than the coherence length of a light source, the two coherent lights are combined again and interfere, and biological parameters of eye tissues (the front surface of a cornea, the front surface of a crystalline lens and the front surface of a retina) can be obtained through interference signals and position information of the optical path scanning device.
The prior art has the following defects: the scanning length of the optical delay device is large, generally about 40mm, and in order to avoid the influence of nystagmus, it needs to perform fast measurement, which needs a special scanning device, such as patents CN102736234A and CN113440099A, and uses a combination of a reflecting mirror, a cylindrical mirror and a plane mirror to perform optical path scanning in the form of a rotating disk, and since the change of the optical path is non-uniform and cannot be directly read, it needs to configure an additional scale light source and an interference optical path to perform detection of the optical path change. Alternatively, the tissue parameters of the eye axis can be detected by gradually scanning the eye tissue in a variable focus manner, for example, in patent No. CN112450867A, and controlling the position of the lens combination to focus the light beam on the cornea, lens, and retina in sequence. The prior art delay line scan stroke is typically 35-40 mm.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an eye axis parameter detection device to solve the existing problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an ocular axis parameter detection device comprising: a light source, the light source being a weak coherent light source; the light beam emitted by the weak coherent light source is input from an input port of the optical fiber coupler and output from a first port of the optical fiber coupler, and the light beam output from the first port respectively enters human eyes through a special lens, enters the optical path scanning device through a first collimating mirror and enters the optical path scanning device through a second collimating mirror; the light beam entering the human eye is reflected, enters the optical fiber coupler through the special lens, is reflected by the light beam entering the optical path scanning device, enters the optical fiber coupler through the first collimating mirror and the second collimating mirror respectively, and is output from the second port of the optical fiber coupler.
As an ocular axis parameter detection device of the present invention, preferably, the first collimating mirror and the second collimating mirror differ by n millimeters in the light beam propagation direction.
As a preferred example of the ocular parameter detection device of the present invention, the first port includes a first port a, a first port b, and a first port c, and the second port includes a second port a and a second port b; the light beam output from the first port a enters the optical path scanning device through the first collimating mirror, is reflected, enters the optical fiber coupler through the first collimating mirror, and is output from the second port a of the optical fiber coupler; the light beam output from the first port b enters the optical path scanning device through the second collimating mirror, is reflected, enters the optical fiber coupler through the second collimating mirror, and is output by the second port b of the optical fiber coupler; and the light beam output from the first port c enters human eyes through the special lens, is reflected and enters the optical fiber coupler through the special lens.
As an ocular parameter detection device according to the present invention, preferably, the second port a is connected to a first photodetector, and the second port b is connected to a second photodetector.
As an ocular parameter detection device of the present invention, preferably, a shutter which can be switched on and off is disposed between the second collimating mirror and the optical path scanning device.
As an ocular parameter detection device of the present invention, it is preferable that a polarizing plate is disposed between the second port a and the first photodetector, and an attenuator is disposed between the second port b and the second photodetector.
Preferably, as an ocular parameter detecting device of the present invention, the optical path scanning device includes a driving device, a cube mirror and a mirror, wherein the mirror is fixed in position, the cube mirror is mounted at the output end of the driving device, and the cube mirror moves back and forth along with the output end of the driving device.
As an ocular axis parameter detection device of the present invention, preferably, the driving device is a voice coil motor, and the position information of the driving device is measured by a grating scale system or a magnetic grating scale system.
Preferably, the special lens comprises a middle lens and an outer ring lens, wherein the outer ring is concentric with the middle lens and has a circular ring shape. The light beams are converged near the retina in the human eye through the middle lens, and the light beams are converged near the cornea in the human eye through the outer ring lens.
Preferably, the middle lens is of a circular structure, one surface of the outer ring lens, which is close to human eyes, is curved with a major arc, and the bottom of the major arc surface is flush with one surface of the outer ring lens, which is close to human eyes; the side of the outer ring lens far away from human eyes is flush with the side of the middle lens far away from human eyes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
one path of light path is scanned from the cornea, the other path of light path is scanned from the position 19mm away from the cornea, the length measurement of the axis of the eye can shorten the scanning stroke of the optical delay line, the length of the axis of the eye is generally 24mm, the two paths of light paths are scanned simultaneously, the delay scanning system is 4 times of light path, the scanning of the axis of the eye can be completed only by the scanning stroke within 10mm, and therefore a displacement device with a voice coil motor and a small volume can be selected, and the compactness of the instrument is improved.
The displacement of the optical path scanning device can be detected by a grating ruler, and the measurement precision is better than 1 micron;
the signal detection of the invention adopts a balanced photoelectric amplifying circuit, wherein a polaroid is added at the front end of one photoelectric detector, so that the signal comprises a weak coherent signal; the front end of the other photoelectric detector is not provided with a polaroid, the received optical signal is a direct current signal, and the direct current signal can be filtered by adopting balanced amplification, so that the signal-to-noise ratio of signal detection is increased.
The invention is matched with the collimating lens, and has the effects that a small part of light is converged on the surface of the cornea of the eye, and a large part of light is emitted in parallel and converged on the retina, so that enough retroreflection of the light near the retina and the cornea can be ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of an eye axis parameter detection system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical path scanning apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the optical path of converging light at the retina in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an optical path diagram of converging light at the cornea of an eye according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving device according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a light source; 10. an optical path scanning device; 101. a right angle mirror; 102. a mirror; 11. a special lens; 111. an outer ring lens; 112. a middle lens; 12. the human eye; 121. the cornea of the eye; 122. a retina; 13. a drive device; 2. a first photodetector; 3. a second photodetector; 4. a polarizing plate; 5. an attenuator; 6. a fiber coupler; 61. an input port; 62. a second port a; 63. a second port b; 64. a first port a; 65. a first port b; 66. a first port c; 7. a first collimating mirror; 8. a second collimating mirror; 9. a shutter.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an ocular axis parameter detection device comprising: the light source 1, the said light source 1 is the weak coherent light source; a fiber coupler 6, wherein the light beam emitted by the weak coherent light source 1 is input from an input port 61 of the fiber coupler 6 and output from a first port of the fiber coupler 6, and the light beam output from the first port enters a human eye 12 through a special lens 11, enters an optical path scanning device 10 through a first collimating mirror 7 and enters the optical path scanning device 10 through a second collimating mirror 8 respectively; the light beam entering the human eye 12 is reflected, enters the optical fiber coupler 6 through the special lens 11, the light beam entering the optical path scanning device 10 is reflected, enters the optical fiber coupler 6 through the first collimating mirror 7 and the second collimating mirror 8, and the light beam entering the optical fiber coupler 6 is output from the second port of the optical fiber coupler 6.
In this embodiment, the optical fiber coupler has 3 input ends and 3 output ends, the weak coherent light source is output from the 3 output ends through the optical fiber coupler according to a fixed ratio, and enters the human eye 12 and the optical path scanning device 10 respectively, and a part of light returns, when the optical path scanning device 10 performs a reciprocating motion of displacement, when the optical path difference between the light returned by the optical path scanning device 10 and each tissue layer in the human eye 12, such as the return light of cornea, anterior chamber, crystalline lens, vitreous body, retina, etc., is within the range of coherence length, an interference signal can be output through the second photodetector 3 with the polarizer 4 disposed at the front end, and at this time, the positions of the optical path scanning device 10 correspond to the positions of the corresponding tissues of the human eye one to one.
The weak correlation light source and the photoelectric detector are respectively connected with 3 input ends of the optical fiber coupler, the optical fiber coupler outputs 3 paths of optical signals, wherein light output by a first port c66 of the optical fiber coupler enters human eyes through the special lens, and optical signals returned from each tissue layer of the human eyes can also be coupled into the port of the optical fiber coupler through the special lens; the light output from the first port a64 and the first port b65 of the fiber coupler passes through the first collimating mirror 7 and the second collimating mirror 8, respectively, and then outputs parallel light beams, which enter the optical path scanning device 10, and the light returned from the optical path scanning device 10 is coupled into the fiber coupler 6 again. Optical signals entering from the first port a, the first port b and the first port c of the optical fiber coupler 6 are coupled by the optical fiber coupler 6 and then output from the second port a62 and the second port b 63; the optical signal output from the second port a62 can interfere after passing through the polarizer 4, and the optical signal output from the second port b63 has the same optical intensity as the optical intensity output from the second port a62 after passing through the attenuator 5, which has the advantage that the signal can be filtered to remove the dc drift in the optical intensity signal after balanced optical-electrical amplification.
It is worth to be noted that the weak coherent light source can be a superluminescent light emitting diode, the emitted weak coherent spectrum width is 40-60nm, the coherence length is in the order of tens of microns, and the weak coherent light source can also be other light sources, such as an LED.
Specifically, the first collimating mirror 7 and the second collimating mirror 8 are different by 19mm in the beam propagation direction.
In this embodiment, the lengths of the optical fibers output by the first port a64 and the first port b65 are equal, and the difference between the fixed positions of the first collimating mirror 7 and the second collimating mirror 8 and the length of the optical path scanning device is 19mm, but not limited to 19mm, which has the advantage that the optical path scanning stroke can be shortened, and ideally, the scanning stroke of 19mm can realize the scanning of the positions of cornea, anterior chamber, crystalline lens, vitreous body, retina and the like of human eyes.
Specifically, the first port includes a first port a64, a first port b65, and a first port c66, and the second port includes a second port a62 and a second port b 63; the light beam output from the first port a64 enters the optical path scanning device 10 through the first collimating mirror 7, is reflected, enters the fiber coupler 6 through the first collimating mirror 7, and is output by the second port a62 and the second port b63 of the fiber coupler 6 according to the ratio of 33% and 33%; the light beam output from the first port b65 enters the optical path scanning device 10 through the second collimating mirror 8, is reflected, enters the fiber coupler 6 through the second collimating mirror 8, and is output by the second port a62 and the second port b63 of the fiber coupler 6 according to the ratio of 33% and 33%; the light beam output from the first port c66 enters the human eye 12 through the special lens 11, is reflected, enters the fiber coupler 6 through the special lens 11, and is output by the second port a62 and the second port b63 of the fiber coupler 6 according to the proportion of 33% and 33%.
In this embodiment, after passing through the input port 61 of the optical fiber coupler 6, the light emitted from the weak coherent light source is divided into 3 beams of light, and the 3 beams of light are respectively emitted from the first port a64, the first port b65, and the first port c 66. The light emitted from the first port a64 is changed into parallel beams by the first collimator lens 7 and enters the optical path scanning device 10; the light emitted from the first port b65 is converted into a parallel beam by the second collimator lens 8 and enters the optical path scanning device 10. The difference between the first collimating mirror 7 and the second collimating mirror 8 in the light beam propagation direction is 19mm, the effect is to keep the optical path difference of the two paths of light to be 19mm, and the effect is to shorten the total scanning stroke. The first collimating mirror 7 and the second collimating mirror 8 are used for collimating and emitting emergent light of the optical fiber, and the emergent light enters the optical path scanning device 10, and the length difference between the first collimating mirror 7 and the second collimating mirror 8 and the optical path scanning device 10 is 19mm and is fixed.
Specifically, the first photodetector 2 is connected to the second port a62, and the second photodetector 3 is connected to the second port b 63.
In this embodiment, the first photodetector 2 and the second photodetector 3 are used to convert the light intensity signal into a current signal, and the balanced photoelectric amplifier filters out the dc photocurrent signal and outputs a larger sinusoidal interference photocurrent signal, thereby avoiding the light intensity drift caused by light source and environment.
When the device of the embodiment works, human eyes enter a scanning range, a driving motor of the optical path scanning device does reciprocating motion, and when the optical path difference between the optical path entering the human eyes and the optical path entering the optical path scanning device are within the coherence length, the position information of the optical path scanning device corresponds to the depth information of each tissue layer of an eye axis.
Specifically, a shutter 9 which can be switched on and off is arranged between the second collimating mirror 8 and the optical path scanning device 10.
In this embodiment, the shutter is an electromagnetic control shutter, and in a special case, the shutter controls the on/off of the light path from the first port b65, so that the shutter can be used for performing comparative analysis of signals. Normally, the shutter does not operate, i.e., does not block the parallel light beam from the collimator lens, and the parallel light beam can enter the optical path scanning apparatus 10. Under special conditions, the electromagnetic control shielding device can shield the light path, and the interference signal at the retina can be analyzed and judged by comparing the photoelectric signals of the light path and the non-light path.
Specifically, a polarizer 4 is disposed between the second port a62 and the first photodetector 2, and an attenuator 5 is disposed between the second port b63 and the second photodetector 3.
In this embodiment, the attenuator 5 is used to keep the light intensity received by the second photodetector 3 consistent with the light intensity received by the first photodetector 2.
The polarizing plate 4 is used for making the light returned from human eye and optical path scanning device implement interference, when the optical path difference is in coherent length, the interference signal can be observed.
Specifically, the optical path scanning device 10 includes a driving device 13, a corner cube 101 and a mirror 102, wherein the position of the mirror 102 is fixed, the corner cube 101 is mounted at the output end of the driving device 13, and the corner cube 101 moves back and forth along with the output end of the driving device 13.
Specifically, the driving device 13 is a voice coil motor, and the position information of the driving device 13 is measured by a grating scale system or a magnetic grating scale system.
In this embodiment, the optical path scanning device 10 may be a combination of a rectangular mirror and a reflecting mirror, wherein the position of the reflecting mirror is fixed, the rectangular mirror reciprocates with the displacement scanning device, wherein the displacement scanning device may be a voice coil motor, and the position sensing device may be a magnetic scale or a grating scale.
Specifically, the special lens 11 includes a middle lens 112 and an outer ring lens 111, wherein the outer ring lens 111 is concentric with the middle lens 112 and has a ring shape, the light beam is converged near a retina 122 in the human eye 12 through the middle lens 112, and the light beam is converged near a cornea 121 in the human eye 12 through the outer ring lens 111.
Specifically, the middle lens 112 is a circular structure, one surface of the outer ring lens 111 close to the human eye 12 is curved with a major arc, and the bottom of the major arc is flush with one surface of the outer ring lens 111 close to the human eye 12; the side of the outer circle lens 111 far away from the human eye 12 is flush with the side of the middle lens 112 far away from the human eye 12.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in this embodiment, the light center part of the light beam emitted from the first port c66 passes through the middle lens 112 part of the special lens 11 and is emitted as a parallel light beam, and the light beam enters the human eye, is converged near the retina, and is reflected and scattered back from the retina, and since the light path is reversible, most of the light can be coupled into the first port c66 after passing through the special lens 11; the light beam around the light emitted from the first port c66 passes through the outer lens 111 of the special lens 11 and is converged near the cornea of the human eye, and the light beam reflected from the cornea can also be coupled into the first port c66 after passing through the special lens 11.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. An ocular axis parameter detection device, comprising:
a light source (1), the light source (1) being a weak coherent light source;
the light path scanning device comprises a fiber coupler (6), wherein light beams emitted by the weak coherent light source (1) are input from an input port (61) of the fiber coupler (6) and output from a first port of the fiber coupler (6), and the light beams output from the first port respectively enter a human eye (12) through a special lens (11), enter an optical path scanning device (10) through a first collimating mirror (7) and enter the optical path scanning device (10) through a second collimating mirror (8);
the light beam entering the human eye (12) is reflected, enters the optical fiber coupler (6) through the special lens (11), is reflected by the light beam entering the optical path scanning device (10), enters the optical fiber coupler (6) through the first collimating mirror (7) and the second collimating mirror (8), and is output from the second port of the optical fiber coupler (6).
2. The device of claim 1, wherein: the difference between the first collimating mirror (7) and the second collimating mirror (8) in the light beam propagation direction is n millimeters.
3. The device of claim 2, wherein: the first port comprises a first port a (64), a first port b (65) and a first port c (66), and the second port comprises a second port a (62) and a second port b (63);
the light beam output from the first port a (64) enters the optical path scanning device (10) through the first collimating mirror (7), is reflected, enters the optical fiber coupler (6) through the first collimating mirror (7), and is output by the second port a (62) of the optical fiber coupler (6);
the light beam output from the first port b (65) enters the optical path scanning device (10) through the second collimating mirror (8), is reflected, enters the optical fiber coupler (6) through the second collimating mirror (8), and is output by the second port b (63) of the optical fiber coupler (6);
the light beam output from the first port c (66) enters the human eye (12) through the special lens (11), is reflected, and enters the optical fiber coupler (6) through the special lens (11).
4. The device according to claim 3, wherein: the second port a (62) is connected with a first photoelectric detector (2), and the second port b (63) is connected with a second photoelectric detector (3).
5. An eye axis parameter sensing device as defined in claim 4, wherein: a shutter (9) capable of being switched on and off is arranged between the second collimating mirror (8) and the optical path scanning device (10).
6. The device according to claim 5, wherein: a polarizing plate (4) is arranged between the second port a (62) and the first photoelectric detector (2), and an attenuator (5) is arranged between the second port b (63) and the second photoelectric detector (3).
7. The device according to claim 6, wherein: the optical path scanning device (10) comprises a driving device (13), a right-angle reflecting mirror (101) and a reflecting mirror (102), wherein the position of the reflecting mirror (102) is fixed, the right-angle reflecting mirror (101) is installed at the output end of the driving device (13), and the right-angle reflecting mirror (101) moves back and forth along with the output end of the driving device (13).
8. The device according to claim 7, wherein: the driving device (13) is a voice coil motor, and the position information of the driving device (13) is measured by a grating ruler system or a magnetic grating ruler system.
9. The device of claim 8, wherein: the special lens (11) comprises a middle lens (112) and an outer ring lens (111), wherein the outer ring lens (111) is concentric with the middle lens and is annular in shape, the light beams are converged near a retina in a human eye (12) through the middle lens (112), and the light beams are converged near a cornea in the human eye (12) through the outer ring lens (111).
10. The device of claim 9, wherein: the middle lens (112) is of a cuboid or square structure, one surface, close to the human eyes (12), of the outer ring lens (111) is curved in a major arc, and the bottom of the major arc is flush with one surface, close to the human eyes (12), of the outer ring lens (111); one surface of the outer circle lens (111) far away from the human eyes (12) is flush with one surface of the middle lens (112) far away from the human eyes (12).
CN202210234052.XA 2022-03-10 2022-03-10 Ocular axis parameter detection device Withdrawn CN114587265A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114947963A (en) * 2022-06-17 2022-08-30 中国医学科学院生物医学工程研究所 Method and device for measuring axis of eye, storage medium and computer equipment

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114947963A (en) * 2022-06-17 2022-08-30 中国医学科学院生物医学工程研究所 Method and device for measuring axis of eye, storage medium and computer equipment

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