CN114585591A - Water treatment device design support device and water treatment device design support method - Google Patents

Water treatment device design support device and water treatment device design support method Download PDF

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CN114585591A
CN114585591A CN201980099618.9A CN201980099618A CN114585591A CN 114585591 A CN114585591 A CN 114585591A CN 201980099618 A CN201980099618 A CN 201980099618A CN 114585591 A CN114585591 A CN 114585591A
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membrane
pressure difference
cleaning
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separation membrane
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CN114585591B (en
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八田夏美
竹长裕惠
今村英二
林佳史
佐藤祐树
吉田航
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/10—Accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis

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  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

A water treatment device design support device (100) is provided with: a fouling generation amount calculation unit (1) for calculating the generation amount of fouling adhering to a separation membrane provided in a water treatment device, using the treated water information of the treated water treated by the water treatment device to be designed; an inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit (2) that calculates the time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference of the separation membrane when the water treatment device is operated without cleaning the separation membrane, using the amount of fouling generated; a cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit (3) for calculating the time-series change in the cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference of the separation membrane when the separation membrane is cleaned and the water treatment apparatus is operated, using the time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference, the decrease width of the inter-membrane pressure difference due to the cleaning of the separation membrane, and the increase rate of the inter-membrane pressure difference; and a total area calculation unit (4) for calculating the total area of the separation membrane required for the treatment of the water to be treated by using the time-series change in the pressure difference between membranes during cleaning.

Description

Water treatment device design support device and water treatment device design support method
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to a water treatment apparatus design support apparatus and a water treatment apparatus design support method.
Background
There is disclosed a reverse osmosis membrane plant design support device (see patent document 1) which receives input conditions required for calculating the operating performance of a reverse osmosis membrane plant, for example, a target treated water amount or the deterioration of a separation membrane over the years, creates at least 1 script file based on the input conditions, and collects and displays the calculation results of the operating performance, for example, the membrane area or the number of membranes, corresponding to the input conditions, which are obtained by simulation, for at least each of the properties of the reverse osmosis membrane, based on the script file.
Prior art documents
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese laid-open patent publication No. 2015-197783
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
However, in the technique of patent document 1, although the membrane area, the number of membranes, and the like of the separation membrane can be determined according to the input conditions, recovery of the treatment efficiency of the separation membrane formed by cleaning is not considered. In the case where a reverse osmosis membrane facility such as a water treatment apparatus is operated while cleaning a separation membrane, the deterioration tendency of the separation membrane becomes more complicated than in the case where the separation membrane is not cleaned. If the deterioration tendency of the separation membrane changes, the processable water amount of the separation membrane changes. Accordingly, since the total area of the separation membrane required for the water treatment apparatus varies, the technique of patent document 1 has a problem that the total area of the separation membrane required for the operation while cleaning the separation membrane cannot be calculated.
The present disclosure has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a water treatment apparatus design support apparatus and a water treatment apparatus design support method capable of calculating the total area of separation membranes in consideration of the cleaning of the separation membranes.
Means for solving the problems
A water treatment apparatus design support apparatus according to the present disclosure, wherein the water treatment apparatus design support apparatus includes: a dirt generation amount calculation unit that calculates the amount of dirt generated by adhering to a separation membrane provided in a water treatment device, using treated water information of treated water treated by the water treatment device to be designed; an inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit that calculates a time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference of the separation membrane when the water treatment apparatus is operated without cleaning the separation membrane, using the amount of fouling generated; a cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit that calculates a time-series change in the cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference of the separation membrane when the separation membrane is cleaned and the water treatment apparatus is operated, using a time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference, a reduction width of the inter-membrane pressure difference due to cleaning of the separation membrane, and an increase rate of the inter-membrane pressure difference; and a total area calculation unit that calculates the total area of the separation membrane required for the treatment of the water to be treated, using the time-series change in the pressure difference between the membranes during cleaning.
A water treatment apparatus design support method according to the present disclosure, wherein the water treatment apparatus design support method includes: calculating the amount of scale deposited on a separation membrane provided in a water treatment apparatus using the information on water to be treated of water to be treated in the water treatment apparatus to be designed; calculating a time-series change in the pressure difference between the membranes of the separation membranes when the water treatment apparatus is operated without cleaning the separation membranes, using the amount of fouling generated; calculating a time-series change in the pressure difference between membranes at the time of cleaning the separation membranes and when the water treatment apparatus is operated by cleaning the separation membranes, using the time-series change in the pressure difference between membranes, the decrease width of the pressure difference between membranes due to cleaning of the separation membranes, and the increase rate of the pressure difference between membranes; and calculating the total area of the separation membranes required for the treatment of the water to be treated by using the time-series change in the pressure difference between the membranes during the cleaning.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
According to the present disclosure, the total area of the separation membrane in consideration of the cleaning of the separation membrane can be calculated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing a design support apparatus according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is an example of a fouling occurrence amount calculation model according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is an example of a model for calculating the pressure difference between membranes according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is a relational diagram showing an example of a time-series change in the pressure difference between membranes according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 shows an example of the film deterioration model according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 6 is a relational diagram showing an example of a time-series change in the pressure difference between membranes at the time of membrane cleaning according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the pressure difference between membranes and the amount of treatable water in embodiment 1.
Fig. 8 is a display example of the total area of the separation membrane according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 9 is a process diagram showing a process of the design support apparatus according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 10 is an example of numerical data showing a time-series change in the pressure difference between membranes at the time of membrane cleaning according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 11 is a graph showing a time-series change in the pressure difference between membranes at the time of membrane cleaning according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 12 is a block diagram showing a design support apparatus according to embodiment 2.
Fig. 13 is a process diagram showing the processing of the design support apparatus according to embodiment 2.
Fig. 14 is a block diagram showing a design support apparatus according to embodiment 3.
Fig. 15 is a process diagram showing a process of the design support apparatus according to embodiment 3.
Fig. 16 is a hardware configuration for realizing the function of the design support apparatus according to the present disclosure.
Fig. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of input information and output information according to the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Embodiment 1.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing a water treatment apparatus design support apparatus (hereinafter referred to as "design support apparatus") according to embodiment 1. The design support device 100 includes a fouling generation amount calculation unit 1, an inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 2, a cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 3, and a total area calculation unit 4. The input device 10 is, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, or the like, and inputs information on water to be treated (to be described later) to the design support apparatus 100 via an input unit (not shown in fig. 1). The output device 5 will be described later.
The design support apparatus 100 is an apparatus that: the total area of the separation membranes required for the treatment of the water to be treated in the water treatment apparatus is calculated from the water quality of the water to be treated in the water treatment apparatus to be designed (hereinafter referred to as "water treatment apparatus"), the water amount of the water to be treated, the water quality of the water to be treated after the treatment (hereinafter referred to as "treated water"), and the like.
The water treatment device is the following device: for example, the present invention is installed in a sewage treatment plant, and sewage as water to be treated is separated (filtered) into activated sludge and treated water by a separation membrane. In the water treatment apparatus, for example, when the separation membrane reaches a predetermined pressure difference between membranes (described later), the separation membrane is cleaned. The cleaned separation membrane is used again for the treatment of the water to be treated and is then replaced with a new separation membrane. Here, the separation membrane may be a single separation membrane or a membrane module in which the separation membrane is modularized. The following describes the structure of the design support apparatus 100 in detail.
The fouling generation amount calculation unit 1 applies at least one of the amount of water to be treated, the quality of the water to be treated, and the quality of the water after treatment (hereinafter referred to as "treated water information") to a fouling generation amount calculation model to calculate the fouling generation amount. The method of calculating the fouling generation amount will be described later.
Here, the fouling will be explained. The separation membrane removes substances to be removed, such as activated sludge, contained in the water to be treated by adhering the substances to be removed to the membrane surface of the separation membrane physically or chemically. The substance to be removed adhering to the membrane surface of the separation membrane is a contaminant. The rate of increase of the scale adhering to the membrane surface of the separation membrane is determined by the quality of the water to be treated and the quality of the water after the treatment, that is, the quality of the water before and after the treatment.
The dirt accumulates on the membrane surface of the separation membrane with the operation time of the water treatment apparatus, that is, with the passage of the treatment time of the water to be treated by the separation membrane, and blocks the separation membrane. The treatment efficiency of the separation membrane is reduced due to the clogging of the separation membrane. The cleaning of the separation membrane removes dirt from the separation membrane for restoring the treatment efficiency of the separation membrane.
Next, a method of calculating the fouling occurrence amount will be described using a fouling occurrence amount calculation model. Fig. 2 is an example of a fouling occurrence amount calculation model according to embodiment 1. In FIG. 2, the ordinate represents the scale generation amount (mgN), and the abscissa represents the water amount (m) of the water to be treated3). FIG. 2 shows a fouling generation amount calculation model X in which the water quality of the treated water is X (mgN/L) and a fouling generation amount calculation model Y in which the water quality of the treated water is Y (mgN/L). The fouling generation amount calculation models of fig. 2 each show that the fouling generation amount increases as the amount of water of the water to be treated increases. In these fouling generation amount calculation models, the amount of water to be treated and the fouling generation amount are in a proportional relationship.
For example, when the quality of the treated water in the water treatment apparatus is set to X (mgN/L), the amount of the scale generated may be calculated by applying the amount of the treated water to the scale generation amount calculation model X. The treated water information herein refers to the amount of water of the treated water. The amount of fouling can be calculated, for example, by the following model formula (1). In addition, α in model formula (1) is a proportionality constant.
[ equation 1]
Scale production amount α + treated water amount … (1)
The inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 2 applies the amount of fouling generated to the inter-membrane pressure difference calculation model to calculate the time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference.
The pressure difference between the membranes is a difference between the pressure on the treated water side and the pressure on the treated water side. The time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference indicates a change in the inter-membrane pressure difference of the separation membrane when the treatment of the water to be treated is performed without cleaning the separation membrane. When fouling adheres to the membrane surface of the separation membrane, the pressure difference between membranes increases due to clogging. As described above, since the clogging of the separation membrane lowers the treatment efficiency of the separation membrane, the increase in the pressure difference between the membranes can be said to be a reduction in the treatment efficiency of the separation membrane, that is, deterioration of the separation membrane.
Here, a method of calculating a time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference will be described using an inter-membrane pressure difference calculation model. Fig. 3 is an example of a model for calculating the pressure difference between membranes according to embodiment 1. Fig. 3 (a) is a graph showing the relationship between the treatment time (t) and the fouling occurrence amount (mgN), in which the ordinate represents the fouling occurrence amount (mgN) and the abscissa represents the treatment time (t). Fig. 3(b) is a graph showing the relationship between the fouling accumulation amount (mgN) and the inter-membrane pressure difference (kPa), in which the vertical axis represents the inter-membrane pressure difference (kPa) and the horizontal axis represents the fouling generation amount (mgN).
In the above-described relationship diagram of fig. 3 (a), the model fouling generation amount is calculated by applying the pressure difference between membranes, and the fouling accumulation amount C in a certain processing time (t) is calculated. The fouling accumulation amount C is applied to the above-described map of fig. 3(b) to calculate the pressure difference between the membranes. The dirt accumulation amount C can be calculated by, for example, the following model equation (2). The pressure difference between membranes can be calculated by, for example, the following model formula (3). In addition, β and M in model formula (3) are arbitrary constants.
[ equation 2]
Figure BDA0003513789800000061
[ equation 3]
Pressure difference between membranes Cβ+M…(3)
For example, at the processing time (t)2－t1) During the period of time (2), the amount of scale produced is from F1Is raised to F2. The value obtained by integrating the dirt accumulation amount is calculated by the model equation (2), and is a hatched portion in fig. 3 (a).
Next, a time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference using the dirt accumulation amount C will be described. For example, the start of the treatment by the separation membrane is set as the treatment time t1Setting the processing time t at equal intervals2、t3、t4And t5. And will be at processing time (t)2－t1) The dirt accumulated during the period of (1) is represented by C1Will be at processing time (t)3－t2) The dirt accumulated during the period of (1) is represented by C2Will be at processing time (t)4－t3) The dirt accumulated during the period of (1) is represented by C3And will be at processing time (t)5－t4) The dirt accumulated during the period of (1) is represented by C4The dirt accumulation amounts C are calculated respectively by using (a) of FIG. 31～C4。
The calculated dirt accumulation amount C1～C4As shown in fig. 3(b), the time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference can be obtained by calculating the inter-membrane pressure difference corresponding to each fouling accumulation amount C by using the model equation (3).
The time-series change in the pressure difference between the membranes calculated by the above-described calculation method is described below. Fig. 4 is a relational diagram showing an example of a time-series change in the pressure difference between membranes according to embodiment 1. In FIG. 4, the vertical axis represents the pressure difference (kPa) between membranes, and the horizontal axis represents the treatment time (t). Fig. 4 shows the case where the pressure difference between membranes increases exponentially as the treatment time becomes longer. This is a time-series change in the pressure difference between membranes when the cleaning of the separation membrane is not taken into consideration.
The cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 3 calculates a time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference at the time of cleaning of the separation membrane (hereinafter referred to as "membrane cleaning time") using the decrease width of the inter-membrane pressure difference due to cleaning, the increase rate of the inter-membrane pressure difference (hereinafter collectively referred to as "cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation condition") and the time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference. The condition for calculating the pressure difference between membranes during cleaning is a value specific to the separation membrane, and can be calculated by applying at least one of the cleaning intensity, the cleaning frequency, and the number of times of cleaning (hereinafter referred to as "cleaning condition") to a membrane degradation model (described later) of the separation membrane. The magnitude of decrease in the inter-membrane pressure difference due to cleaning indicates the degree of recovery of the processing efficiency of the separation membrane due to cleaning, and the rate of increase in the inter-membrane pressure difference indicates the degree of deterioration of the separation membrane. In membrane cleaning, deterioration of the separation membrane due to fouling and recovery of the treatment efficiency of the separation membrane formed by cleaning occur.
The washing strength is a physical strength or a concentration of a washing chemical when removing dirt from the membrane surface of the separation membrane. The frequency of cleaning is a timing of cleaning the separation membrane, for example, when a predetermined pressure difference between membranes is achieved or when a predetermined processing time has elapsed.
Here, a film deterioration model will be explained. Fig. 5 shows an example of the film deterioration model according to embodiment 1. The membrane deterioration model represents a decrease in the magnitude of decrease in the inter-membrane pressure difference due to the cleaning and an increase in the rate of increase in the inter-membrane pressure difference. Fig. 5 (a) is a calculation model showing a relationship in which the magnitude of decrease in the pressure difference between membranes due to cleaning is proportional to the number of times of cleaning. In fig. 5 (a), the reduction width of the pressure difference between the membranes is described as the recovery rate. Fig. 5 (b) is a calculation model showing the relationship between the rate of increase in the pressure difference between membranes and the number of times of washing. Further, since the conditions for calculating the pressure difference between membranes during cleaning are values specific to the separation membranes as described above, the conditions may be calculated by the cleaning-time pressure difference calculating unit 3 using the membrane degradation model, or may be input as numerical values by a user, for example, a technician involved in designing a water treatment apparatus. In fig. 5, the number of times of cleaning is used as the cleaning condition, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Hereinafter, the reduction width of the pressure difference between membranes formed by washing is shown in model formula (4), and the increase rate of the pressure difference between membranes is shown in model formula (5). Model formula (4) and model formula (5) are examples, but not limited to these. In addition, γ (γ < 0) is a proportionality constant, and ε, N, and Q are arbitrary constants.
[ equation 4]
The decrease of the pressure difference between membranes was γ × the number of washing times + N … (4)
[ equation 5]
Rate of rise of pressure difference between membranes being the number of cleaning timesε+Q…(5)
Next, a time-series change in the pressure difference between membranes at the time of membrane cleaning will be described. Fig. 6 is a relational diagram showing an example of a time-series change in the pressure difference between membranes at the time of membrane cleaning according to embodiment 1. In FIG. 6, the vertical axis represents the pressure difference (kPa) between membranes, and the horizontal axis represents the treatment time (t). In FIG. 6, the pressure difference between the membranes is P3The separation membrane is cleaned at that time. That is, at S in FIG. 61、S2And S3The cleaning of the separation membrane is carried out.
The time-series change in the pressure difference between membranes at the time of membrane cleaning indicates a time-series change in the pressure difference between membranes of a separation membrane when the separation membrane is cleaned, that is, the deterioration of the separation membrane over time at the time of membrane cleaning. The treatment efficiency of the separation membrane is recovered by the cleaning, but the extent of decrease in the pressure difference between membranes due to the cleaning, that is, the degree of recovery of the treatment efficiency of the separation membrane, decreases as the number of times of cleaning increases. As shown in FIG. 6, as the number of washes increases, S2The reduction width W of the pressure difference between membranes after cleaning2Less than S1Reduction width W after cleaning1，S3The reduction width W of the pressure difference between membranes after cleaning3Less than S2Reduction width W after cleaning2. In other words, the pressure difference P between membranes immediately after cleaning4Rising with increasing number of washes. Reduced amplitude W1～W3Can be calculated by model equation (4).
Further, the rate of increase of the inter-membrane pressure difference reaches the inter-membrane pressure difference P3The time until the cleaning is increased with the increase of the number of times of cleaningAnd is reduced. Therefore, the pressure difference between membranes during membrane cleaning is increased for a period of time (T) while repeating the increase and decrease as shown in FIG. 61、T2And T3) Short-lived and increased. Rising period T1～T3The calculation may be performed based on the decrease width of the pressure difference between membranes calculated by the model equation (4) and the increase rate of the pressure difference between membranes calculated by the model equation (5). And, a pressure difference P between the membranes4When the separation membrane reaches the predetermined value, the separation membrane may be replaced as long as the reduction width by the cleaning is small.
The total area calculation unit 4 calculates the total area of the separation membranes required for the water treatment apparatus by using the time-series change in the pressure difference between membranes during membrane cleaning. FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the pressure difference between membranes and the amount of water that can be treated in embodiment 1, wherein the vertical axis represents the separation membrane per 1cm3Amount (m) of treated water that can be treated3) The horizontal axis represents the pressure difference (kPa) between the membranes.
As described above, the pressure difference P between the membranes4When the value reaches a predetermined value, the separation membrane is replaced. Here, assume that T in FIG. 6 is used2End of time pressure difference P between membranes4And (4) replacing the separation membrane. The rise period T being divided at regular intervals, e.g. daily1And a rising period T2. By calculating the pressure difference between membranes for each day and applying it to fig. 7, the amount of water that can be treated for each day can be calculated. By summing them up, the rise period T can be calculated1And a rising period T2Per 1cm of3The separation membrane can treat the water amount.
The rising period T can be calculated by dividing the amount of treated water flowing into the water treatment apparatus by the above-mentioned treatable water amount1To the rising period T2The total area of the separation membrane required during the process.
Further, the number of separation membranes provided in the water treatment apparatus can be calculated by dividing the calculated total area of the separation membranes by the surface area of each separation membrane.
When the separation membrane is not cleaned, the treatment efficiency of the separation membrane is not recovered, and therefore, the pressure difference between the membranes is monotonously increased. Thus, the rising period T1And a rising period T2The amount of water that can be treated in (1) becomes smaller. As a result, the rising period T1To the rising period T2The total area of the separation membranes required for the period (2) becomes large, and the number of separation membranes provided in the water treatment apparatus is calculated to be larger than that in the cleaning of the separation membranes.
In fig. 7, the vertical axis represents the treatable water amount, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the concentration of the water to be treated may be used.
Fig. 8 shows a display example of the total area of the separation membrane according to embodiment 1. The calculated total area is displayed on an output device 5, such as a display. Further, output data obtained by converting the total area into the number of separation membranes may be displayed on the output device 5 as shown in fig. 8. Based on the output data displayed by the output device 5, the user may determine the number of separation membranes provided in the water treatment apparatus. Here, the number of separation membranes may be the number of membrane modules, or the number of separation membranes stored in a membrane module.
Fig. 9 is a process diagram showing a process of the design support apparatus according to embodiment 1. The fouling generation amount calculation unit 1 applies the information on the water to be treated input from the input device 10 via an input unit (not shown in fig. 1) to the fouling generation amount calculation model, and calculates the fouling generation amount (step S1). The amount of fouling generated is input to the inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 2.
The inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 2 applies the fouling generation amount to the inter-membrane pressure difference calculation model, and calculates the time-series change of the inter-membrane pressure difference (step S2). The time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference is input to the cleaning-time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 3.
The cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 3 calculates a time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference at the time of membrane cleaning using the cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation condition and the time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference input from the input device 10 via an input unit (not shown in fig. 1) (step S3). The time-series change in the pressure difference between the membranes at the time of membrane cleaning is input to the total area calculating section 4.
The total area calculating unit 4 calculates the total area of the separation membranes using the time-series change in the pressure difference between the membranes during membrane cleaning (step S4). The calculated separation membrane is displayed on the output device 5 via an output unit (not shown in fig. 1).
Fig. 10 is an example of numerical data showing a time-series change in the pressure difference between membranes at the time of membrane cleaning according to embodiment 1, and fig. 11 is a relational diagram showing a time-series change in the pressure difference between membranes at the time of membrane cleaning according to embodiment 1. Fig. 11 is a diagram obtained by applying the numerical data of fig. 10 to the above-described model expressions (1) to (3).
The processing time in fig. 10 indicates the time (month) elapsed since the start of the processing by the separation membrane, and the inter-membrane differential pressure indicates the inter-membrane differential pressure (kPa) corresponding to each processing time. The cleaning of the separation membrane in fig. 10 indicates the presence or absence of cleaning of the separation membrane. For example, the "good" in the column of cleaning of separation membrane in the treatment time "8" means that the cleaning of the separation membrane is performed during the period from 7 month to 8 month from the start of the treatment. Thus, the pressure difference between membranes at month 8 was reduced as compared with the pressure difference between membranes at month 7 from the start of treatment. The vertical axis of fig. 11 represents the pressure difference (kPa) between membranes after washing, and the horizontal axis represents the treatment time (month) from the start of treatment.
As shown in fig. 10, since the separation membrane was cleaned during the 7 th to 8 th months, 10 th to 11 th months, 12 th to 13 th months, and 14 th to 15 th months, the pressure difference between membranes at the 8 th month, 11 th month, 13 th month, and 15 th month in fig. 11 was reduced from the pressure difference between membranes at the 7 th month, 10 th month, 12 th month, and 14 th month. Further, the pressure difference between membranes immediately after washing gradually increases with the passage of the treatment time.
As described above, the design support apparatus 100 includes: a fouling generation amount calculation unit 1 for calculating the generation amount of fouling adhering to a separation membrane provided in a water treatment apparatus, using treated water information of treated water treated by the water treatment apparatus to be designed; an inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 2 for calculating a time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference of the separation membrane when the water treatment apparatus is operated without cleaning the separation membrane, using the amount of fouling generated; a cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 3 for calculating a time-series change in the cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference of the separation membrane when the separation membrane is cleaned and the water treatment apparatus is operated, using the time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference, the decrease width of the inter-membrane pressure difference due to the cleaning of the separation membrane, and the increase rate of the inter-membrane pressure difference; and a total area calculation unit 4 for calculating the total area of the separation membrane required for the treatment of the water to be treated by using the time-series change in the pressure difference between the membranes during the cleaning.
With the above configuration, the design support device 100 can calculate the total area of the separation membrane in consideration of the cleaning of the separation membrane.
In this way, the total area of the separation membrane can be calculated by simulation when designing the water treatment apparatus, and therefore, the operation cost of the separation membrane can be suppressed.
When the separation membrane is in the form of a sheet, the output device 5 may display output data obtained by converting the total area into the number of separation membranes.
Embodiment 2.
Fig. 12 is a block diagram showing the design support apparatus according to embodiment 2. The design support device 200 includes a fouling generation amount calculation unit 1, an inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 2, a cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 3, a total area calculation unit 4, and a membrane determination unit 6. The design support apparatus 200 differs from the design support apparatus 100 in the following respects: the total area of the plurality of separation membranes is calculated, and the separation membrane used in the water treatment apparatus is determined based on the comparison result of the calculated total areas. In fig. 12, the same reference numerals as those in fig. 1 denote the same or corresponding components, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
There are a number of species in separation membranes. In addition, even for the same type of separation membrane, the specification of the separation membrane varies depending on the manufacturer. Since these separation membranes are different in separation ability, it is necessary to select the separation membrane depending on the type of water to be treated in the water treatment apparatus, the quality of the water after treatment, and the like.
In embodiment 2, the total areas of the plurality of separation membranes (separation membrane a and separation membrane B) were calculated and compared under the same cleaning conditions. The following description is made in detail. Alternatively, the separation membrane a may be represented by a first separation membrane and the separation membrane B may be represented by a second separation membrane.
The fouling generation amount calculation unit 1 applies the information of the water to be treated to the fouling generation amount calculation model to calculate the fouling generation amounts of the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B. The processing capabilities of the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B are known, and for example, if the water quality after treatment of the water to be treated is X (mgN/L) and Y (mgN/L), the separation membrane a may calculate the fouling occurrence amount using the fouling occurrence amount calculation model X shown in fig. 2 and the separation membrane B may calculate the fouling occurrence amount using the fouling occurrence amount calculation model Y shown in fig. 2.
The inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 2 applies the amount of fouling generation to the inter-membrane pressure difference calculation model, and calculates the time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference of the separation membrane a and the time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference of the separation membrane B, respectively.
The cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 3 calculates the time-series changes in the inter-membrane pressure difference during membrane cleaning of the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B, respectively, using the cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation condition and the time-series changes in the inter-membrane pressure difference between the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B.
The total area calculation unit 4 calculates the total area of each of the separation membranes a and B required for the water treatment apparatus, using the time-series change in the pressure difference between the membranes during membrane cleaning of the separation membranes a and B.
The membrane determination unit 6 compares the total area of the separation membranes a and B, and determines the separation membrane used in the water treatment apparatus to be subjected to determination from the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B.
The output means 5 displays, for example, the name of the separation membrane determined for the separation membrane and the total area of the separation membrane determined.
Fig. 13 is a process diagram showing the processing of the design support apparatus according to embodiment 2. The fouling generation amount calculation unit 1 applies the information on the water to be treated input from the input device 10 via an input unit (not shown in fig. 12) to the fouling generation amount calculation models of the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B, and calculates the fouling generation amounts, respectively (step S5). The calculated fouling generation amounts of the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B are input to the inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 2, respectively.
The inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 2 applies the fouling generation amounts of the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B to the inter-membrane pressure difference calculation model, and calculates the time-series changes in the inter-membrane pressure difference of the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B, respectively (step S6). The calculated time-series changes in the inter-membrane differential pressure between the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B are input to the cleaning time inter-membrane differential pressure calculation unit 3.
The cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 3 calculates the time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference at the time of membrane cleaning of the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B, using the cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation condition input from the input device 10 via an input unit (not shown in fig. 12) and the time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference between the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B (step S7). The calculated time-series changes in the inter-membrane pressure difference during membrane cleaning of the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B are input to the total area calculation unit 4.
The total area calculation unit 4 calculates the total area of the separation membranes a and B required for the water treatment apparatus, using the time-series change in the pressure difference between the membranes at the time of membrane cleaning of the separation membranes a and B (step S8). The calculated total area of the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B is input to the membrane determination unit 6.
The membrane determination unit 6 compares the total areas of the separation membranes a and B, and determines the separation membrane used in the water treatment apparatus from the compared total area of the separation membrane A, B (steps S9 and S10). For example, when the total area of the separation membrane B is calculated to be smaller than the total area of the separation membrane a, the separation membrane B is determined to be used as a separation membrane for a water treatment apparatus. The determined separation membrane is displayed on the output device 5 through an output unit (not shown in fig. 12).
As described above, the inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 2 of the design support device 200 calculates the time-series changes in the inter-membrane pressure differences of the separation membranes a and B, the cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 3 calculates the time-series changes in the cleaning time inter-membrane pressure differences of the separation membranes a and B, respectively, using the time-series changes in the inter-membrane pressure differences of the separation membranes a and B, the reduction width of the inter-membrane pressure differences due to cleaning of the separation membranes, and the increase rate of the inter-membrane pressure differences, respectively, and the total area calculation unit 4 calculates the total areas of the separation membranes a and B required for the water treatment device, respectively, using the time-series changes in the cleaning time inter-membrane pressure differences of the separation membranes a and B.
Further, the design support device 200 includes a membrane determination unit 6, and the membrane determination unit 6 compares the total area of the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B, and determines the separation membrane used in the water treatment device from among the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B that have been compared.
With the above configuration, the design support device 200 can calculate the total area of the separation membranes in consideration of the cleaning of the separation membranes, and determine the separation membrane used in the water treatment apparatus from among the separation membranes a and B.
Further, the output device 5 may display output data such as the determined number of separation membranes or the number of separation membranes.
Further, although the example in which the name of the separation membrane and the like of the determined separation membrane are displayed on the output device 5 is shown, the total area and the like of each of the separation membranes a and B may be displayed on the output device 5 without providing the membrane determination unit 6 in the design support device 200, and the separation membrane may be selected by the user in consideration of not only the total area and the like displayed but also various conditions such as the cost and the like relating to cleaning of each separation membrane.
Further, although the example of comparing the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B is shown, 3 or more, that is, a plurality of types of separation membranes may be compared.
Alternatively, the total area of each of the separation membranes a and B may be calculated separately, and then the total areas may be compared to determine the separation membrane used in the water treatment apparatus. That is, the total area of the separation membranes a may be calculated (step S5 to step S8), then the total area of the separation membranes B may be calculated (step S5 to step S8), and the calculated total areas may be compared to determine the separation membranes used in the water treatment apparatus (steps S9 and S10).
Embodiment 3.
Fig. 14 is a block diagram showing a design support apparatus according to embodiment 3. The design support device 300 includes a fouling generation amount calculation unit 1, an inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 2, a cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 3, a total area calculation unit 4, and a condition determination unit 7. The design support apparatus 300 is different from the design support apparatus 100 in the following respects: the total area of the separation membranes under a plurality of cleaning conditions is calculated, and the total areas obtained by calculation are compared to determine the cleaning conditions adopted by the water treatment apparatus. In fig. 14, the same or corresponding components are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in fig. 1, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
When the cleaning conditions of the separation membranes are different, for example, when the cleaning strength is different, there is a possibility that the total area of the separation membranes required changes even when the same separation membrane is used, for example. In the design support apparatus 300, the total area of the separation membranes under a plurality of cleaning conditions (cleaning conditions α and β) is calculated, and the cleaning conditions used in the water treatment apparatus are determined by comparing the calculated total areas. The fouling generation amount calculation unit 1 and the inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 2 have the same functions as those of the design support apparatus 100, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted. The cleaning condition α may be expressed as a first cleaning condition, and the cleaning condition β may be expressed as a second cleaning condition.
The cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 3 calculates the time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference at the time of membrane cleaning under the cleaning conditions α and β, using the cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation conditions for the cleaning conditions α and β and the time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference of the separation membrane.
The total area calculation unit 4 calculates the total area of the cleaning conditions α and β required for the water treatment apparatus, respectively, using the time-series changes in the pressure difference between the membranes during the membrane cleaning under the cleaning conditions α and β.
The condition determining unit 7 compares the total area of the cleaning conditions α and β, and determines the cleaning conditions to be used by the target water treatment apparatus.
The output device 5 displays the determined cleaning conditions and the total area of the separation membrane.
Fig. 15 is a process diagram showing a process of the design support apparatus according to embodiment 3. Steps S1 and S2 are the same as those of the design support apparatus 100, and therefore, detailed description thereof is omitted.
The cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 3 calculates the time-series changes in the inter-membrane pressure difference at the time of membrane cleaning of the cleaning conditions α and β, using the time-series changes in the inter-membrane pressure difference calculation conditions of the respective cleaning conditions α and β and the inter-membrane pressure difference of the separation membrane, which are input from the input device 10 via an input unit (not shown in fig. 14) (step S11). The calculated time-series changes in the inter-membrane pressure difference during membrane cleaning under the cleaning conditions α and β are input to the total area calculation unit 4.
The total area calculation unit 4 calculates the total area of the separation membranes required for the water treatment apparatus under each cleaning condition, using the time-series change in the pressure difference between the membranes at the time of membrane cleaning under the cleaning condition α and the cleaning condition β (step S12).
The condition determining unit 7 compares the total area of the separation membranes under the cleaning conditions α and β, and determines the cleaning conditions to be used in the water treatment apparatus (steps S13 and S14). The cleaning conditions used for the water treatment apparatus to be treated are, for example, cleaning conditions under which the total area of the separation membrane becomes smaller. The determined cleaning conditions and the calculated total area of the separation membrane are displayed on the output device 5 through an output unit (not shown in fig. 14).
As described above, the cleaning time inter-membrane differential pressure calculation unit 3 of the design support device 300 calculates the time-series changes in the cleaning time inter-membrane differential pressures under the cleaning conditions α and β using the time-series changes in the inter-membrane differential pressures, the decrease widths in the inter-membrane differential pressures due to the cleaning of the separation membranes under the cleaning conditions α and β, and the increase rates in the inter-membrane differential pressures, and the total area calculation unit 4 calculates the total areas of the separation membranes under the cleaning conditions α and β using the time-series changes in the cleaning time inter-membrane differential pressures under the cleaning conditions α and β, respectively.
Further, the design support device 300 includes a condition determination unit 7, and the condition determination unit 7 compares the total area of the separation membranes under the cleaning conditions α and β, and determines the cleaning condition to be used in the water treatment device from among the cleaning conditions α and β after the comparison.
With the above configuration, the design support device 300 can calculate the total area of the separation membranes in consideration of the cleaning of the separation membranes, and determine the cleaning conditions to be used for the water treatment apparatus from among the cleaning conditions α and β.
In addition, output data obtained by converting the total area of the separation membranes into the number of the separation membranes may be displayed on the output device 5 together with the determined cleaning conditions.
Further, although the example in which the determined cleaning conditions are displayed on the output device 5 is shown, the total area of the cleaning conditions α and β, and the like, may be displayed on the output device 5 without providing the condition determination unit 7, and the cleaning conditions may be selected by the user in consideration of not only the total area of the separation membrane but also the cost and the like of each cleaning condition.
Further, although an example of comparing the cleaning conditions α and β is shown, a plurality of cleaning conditions of 3 or more kinds may be compared.
Further, the total area under the plurality of cleaning conditions may be calculated for each of the plurality of types of separation membranes, and the optimum separation membrane and cleaning condition may be determined.
In addition, the total area of each separation membrane under the cleaning condition α and the cleaning condition β may be calculated separately, and then the cleaning conditions used in the water treatment apparatus may be determined by comparing the respective total areas. That is, after the total area of the cleaning conditions α is calculated (steps S1, S2, S11, and S12), the total area of the cleaning conditions β may be calculated (steps S1, S2, S11, and S12), and the calculated total areas may be compared to determine the cleaning conditions to be used in the water treatment apparatus (steps S13 and S14).
Here, fig. 16 is a hardware configuration example for realizing the function of the design support apparatus according to the present disclosure. The memory 8 stores a program for executing the functions of the design support apparatuses 100, 200, and 300, and the processor 9 reads and executes the program stored in the memory 8. The input unit (not shown in fig. 1, 12, and 14) of the design support apparatuses 100, 200, and 300 is realized by the input apparatus 10. The output unit (not shown in fig. 1, 12, and 14) is realized by the output device 5. The processor 9 receives necessary information via the input unit, reads and executes a program stored in the memory 8, and outputs the result via the output unit.
In the present disclosure, a plurality of calculation models corresponding to the types of water to be treated, for example, seawater, domestic wastewater, industrial wastewater, or the like, have been proposed as the fouling generation amount calculation models, but they may be selected according to the water to be treated by the target water treatment apparatus.
In addition, as the inter-membrane pressure difference calculation model, a plurality of calculation models showing a tendency of an increase in the inter-membrane pressure difference with respect to the treatment time are proposed, but selection may be made in accordance with the water to be treated by the target water treatment apparatus.
Further, as the membrane degradation model, a plurality of calculation models corresponding to the type of separation membrane or the type of water to be treated have been proposed, but it is sufficient to select the calculation model according to the operation state of the target water treatment apparatus, the type of separation membrane, and the like.
Fig. 17 is a diagram showing an example of input information and output information according to the present disclosure. The input information is the information of the water to be treated, the cleaning condition and the calculation condition of the pressure difference between membranes during cleaning. The input information is not limited to the information on the water to be treated, the cleaning conditions, and the conditions for calculating the pressure difference between membranes during cleaning shown in fig. 17, and may be selected according to the selected calculation model. Similarly, the output information may be selected according to the shape of the separation membrane.
In the present disclosure, the example in which the input device 10 inputs the information on the water to be treated to the dirt generation amount calculation unit 1 and inputs the conditions for calculating the pressure difference between the membranes during washing to the pressure difference between the membranes during washing calculation unit 3 is shown, but the design support devices 100, 200, and 300 may be provided with a water information storage unit that stores the information on the water to be treated. Further, the design support apparatuses 100, 200, and 300 may be provided with a cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation condition storage unit that stores cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation conditions. Since the information on the water to be treated and the calculation condition on the pressure difference between membranes at the time of cleaning are input to the dirt generation amount calculation unit 1 and the calculation condition on the pressure difference between membranes at the time of cleaning from the information storage unit on the water to be treated and the calculation condition on the pressure difference between membranes at the time of cleaning, respectively, without being directly input by the user, it is possible to suppress an input error by the user and to efficiently calculate the total area of the separation membranes. When the treated water information is used in the inter-membrane pressure difference calculating unit 2 and the total area calculating unit 4, it may be input from the treated water information storage unit.
In addition, when the cleaning conditions are input to the membrane degradation model in the cleaning time differential pressure calculation unit 3 to calculate the reduction width of the inter-membrane differential pressure and the increase rate of the inter-membrane differential pressure due to the cleaning of the separation membrane, a cleaning condition storage unit may be provided, and the cleaning conditions may be input from the cleaning condition storage unit to the cleaning time differential pressure calculation unit 3.
Further, the information on the water to be treated, the reduction width of the inter-membrane pressure difference and the increase rate of the inter-membrane pressure difference due to the cleaning of the separation membrane may be inputted from an external server to the design support apparatuses 100, 200 and 300.
In addition, although the present disclosure shows an example in which the calculated total area of the separation membrane is displayed on the output device 5, a display unit may be provided in the design support devices 100, 200, and 300, and the total area of the separation membrane may be displayed on the display unit.
In the present disclosure, an example in which the water treatment apparatus is installed in a sewage treatment plant is shown, but the water treatment apparatus may be installed in a factory or the like.
As the separation Membrane, a Microfiltration Membrane (MF Membrane), an Ultrafiltration Membrane (UF Membrane), a Reverse Osmosis Membrane (RO Membrane), a Nanofiltration Membrane (NF Membrane), or the like can be used.
The configuration described in the above embodiment is an example of the content of the present disclosure, and may be combined with another known technique, and a configuration in which a part of the configuration is omitted or changed as appropriate within a range not departing from the concept of the present disclosure is also included in the scope of the present disclosure.
Description of reference numerals
1 a fouling generation amount calculating part, 2 an inter-membrane pressure difference calculating part, 3 a cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference calculating part, 4 a total area calculating part, 5 an output device, 6 a membrane determining part, 7 a condition determining part, 8 a memory, 9 a processor, 10 an input device, 100, 200 and 300 design supporting devices.

Claims (9)

1. A water treatment device design support device, wherein,
the water treatment device design support device comprises:
a fouling generation amount calculation unit that calculates an amount of fouling adhering to a separation membrane provided in a water treatment apparatus, using treated water information of treated water treated by the water treatment apparatus to be designed;
an inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit that calculates a time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference of the separation membrane when the water treatment apparatus is operated without cleaning the separation membrane, using the amount of fouling generated;
a cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit that calculates a time-series change in a cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference of the separation membrane when the separation membrane is cleaned and the water treatment apparatus is operated, using a time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference, a decrease width of the inter-membrane pressure difference due to cleaning of the separation membrane, and an increase rate of the inter-membrane pressure difference; and
a total area calculating unit that calculates a total area of the separation membrane required for treatment of the water to be treated, using a time-series change in the pressure difference between membranes during the cleaning.
2. The water treatment apparatus design support apparatus according to claim 1,
the inter-membrane pressure difference calculating section calculates a time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference between the first separation membrane and the second separation membrane,
the cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit calculates a time-series change in the cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference between the first separation membrane and the second separation membrane using a time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference between the first separation membrane and the second separation membrane, a decrease width in the inter-membrane pressure difference due to cleaning of the separation membrane, and an increase rate in the inter-membrane pressure difference,
the total area calculation unit calculates the total area of each of the first separation membrane and the second separation membrane required for the water treatment device, using a time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference between the first separation membrane and the second separation membrane during cleaning.
3. The water treatment apparatus design support apparatus according to claim 2,
the water treatment device design support device further includes a membrane determination unit that compares the total area of the first separation membrane and the second separation membrane and determines the separation membrane used in the water treatment device from the compared first separation membrane and second separation membrane.
4. The water treatment device design support device of claim 1,
the cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit calculates the cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference time-series changes under the first cleaning condition and the second cleaning condition, using the time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference, the decrease width of the inter-membrane pressure difference due to the cleaning of the separation membrane under the first cleaning condition and the second cleaning condition, and the increase rate of the inter-membrane pressure difference,
the total area calculation unit calculates the total area of the separation membrane under the first cleaning condition and the second cleaning condition, respectively, using a time-series change in the inter-membrane differential pressure during cleaning under the first cleaning condition and the second cleaning condition.
5. The water treatment apparatus design support apparatus according to claim 4,
the water treatment apparatus design support device further includes a condition determination unit that compares the total area of the separation membranes under the first cleaning condition and the second cleaning condition and determines the cleaning condition to be adopted by the water treatment apparatus from among the compared first cleaning condition and second cleaning condition.
6. The water treatment apparatus design support device according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
the water treatment device design support device further includes a treated water information storage unit that stores the treated water information of the treated water.
7. The water treatment device design support device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
the treated water information is at least one of the amount of the treated water, the quality of the treated water, and the quality of the treated water after treatment.
8. The water treatment device design support device according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
the water treatment device design support device further includes a cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation condition storage unit that stores a reduction width of the inter-membrane pressure difference and an increase rate of the inter-membrane pressure difference due to cleaning of the separation membrane.
9. A design supporting method for a water treatment apparatus,
the water treatment device design support method includes:
calculating a generation amount of dirt adhering to a separation membrane provided in a water treatment apparatus using treated water information of treated water treated by the water treatment apparatus to be designed;
calculating a time-series change in the pressure difference between the separation membranes when the water treatment apparatus is operated without cleaning the separation membranes, using the amount of fouling;
calculating a time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference at the time of cleaning the separation membrane when the water treatment apparatus is operated by cleaning the separation membrane, using the time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference, a decrease width of the inter-membrane pressure difference due to cleaning of the separation membrane, and an increase rate of the inter-membrane pressure difference; and
and calculating the total area of the separation membrane required for the treatment of the water to be treated by using the time-series change in the pressure difference between membranes during the cleaning.
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