CN114584956B - Bluetooth communication method and system, communication method of Bluetooth receiving end and transmitting end - Google Patents
Bluetooth communication method and system, communication method of Bluetooth receiving end and transmitting end Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention mainly aims to provide a Bluetooth communication system, a transmitting end system, a receiving end system and corresponding communication methods thereof, and specifically comprises the following steps: coding audio PCM data of a transmitting end to obtain a multi-time slot data packet and a single-time slot data packet, and respectively transmitting the multi-time slot data packet and the single-time slot data packet by using a multi-time slot Bluetooth packet and a single-time slot Bluetooth packet; a receiving end receives the multi-time slot data packet and the single-time slot data packet; and if the multi-slot data packet is successfully received, playing by using the audio data of the multi-slot data packet, and if the multi-slot data packet is failed to be received, playing by using the audio data of the single-slot data packet. By adopting the technical scheme, the communication delay can be reduced, and meanwhile, the high anti-interference capability is kept.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a bluetooth communication method and system, and a communication method for a bluetooth receiving end and a bluetooth transmitting end.
Background
In recent years, with the generalization of smart phones, bluetooth wireless communication technology has been widely applied, wherein applications of peripheral audio expansion devices of computer televisions, such as bluetooth headsets, bluetooth sound equipment, and the like, are more concerned. Because the bluetooth transmission power is low, and the Band used by bluetooth is an unlicensed 2400-2483.5MHz short-range ISM radio Band (Industrial Scientific Medical Band), and besides bluetooth, other wireless network devices such as wifi and ZigBee all work in this range, there is a mutual interference condition, so the transmission success rate of bluetooth fluctuates greatly.
The problem of large delay is not obvious in use scenes that do not need synchronization of sound and pictures, such as playing songs or voice calls without video pictures. However, experience is poor in the use scene with pictures, such as game sound effect and real-time video call, and the like, the pictures are generated before sound due to large delay, so that the feeling of delay of sound and picture asynchronization in the aspect of human perception is caused. Therefore, audio transmission equipment using bluetooth technology to achieve low latency is not always the best choice in the industry, for example, wireless game headphones, wireless game external speakers and microphones are mostly implemented by using 2.4G technology or FM radio frequency technology, and very few electronic competition equipment based on bluetooth technology. How to reduce the sound delay of the transmitting end and the receiving end is a difficult problem of the bluetooth audio.
In the prior art, the ultra-low delay can be achieved simply by reducing the audio buffer area as much as possible, but the anti-interference capability of the system is very poor at the moment, the distance between the receiving end and the transmitting end is greatly shortened, and sound blockage can occur as long as the receiving end is slightly far away or temporary obstacles such as people walk in the middle, so that the realization has no practical value.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an embodiment of the present invention provides a bluetooth communication method, which can reduce communication delay and maintain high interference rejection.
The embodiment of the invention is realized in such a way that a Bluetooth communication method comprises the following steps:
coding audio PCM (Pulse Code Modulation) data at a transmitting end to obtain a multi-time slot data packet and a single-time slot data packet, and respectively transmitting the multi-time slot data packet and the single-time slot data packet by using a multi-time slot Bluetooth packet and a single-time slot Bluetooth packet;
a receiving end receives the multi-time slot data packet and the single-time slot data packet;
and if the multi-slot data packet is successfully received, playing the audio data of the multi-slot data packet, and if the multi-slot data packet is failed to be received, playing the audio data of the single-slot data packet.
Further, the encoding the audio PCM data at the transmitting end to obtain a multi-slot data packet and a single-slot data packet further comprises: and the application layer of the transmitting terminal takes out the audio PCM data of one audio cycle from the memory and respectively performs high-tone quality coding processing and low-tone quality coding processing on the audio PCM data to obtain a high-tone quality audio data packet and a low-tone quality audio data packet.
Further, the transmitting the multi-slot data packet and the single-slot data packet using the multi-slot bluetooth packet and the single-slot bluetooth packet, respectively, further includes: the application layer splices the high-tone audio data packet and the low-tone audio data packet into a multi-slot data packet and sets a limited retransmission condition; and the application layer of the Bluetooth transmitting end packs the low-tone-quality audio data packet into a single-time-slot data packet and sets the single-time-slot data packet as infinite retransmission.
Further, the encoding the audio PCM data at the transmitting end to obtain a multi-slot data packet and a single-slot data packet further includes:
respectively compressing the audio PCM data by using the same audio coding algorithm and different audio compression rates; or
And respectively compressing the audio PCM data by using different coding algorithms.
Further, the encoding the audio PCM data at the transmitting end to obtain a multi-slot data packet and a single-slot data packet further includes: the coding process needs to satisfy the loading capacity of the multi-slot data packet and the single-slot data packet, and the compressed data volume needs to satisfy the following conditions at the same time: the multi-slot data packet is smaller than or equal to the maximum capacity of a multi-slot Bluetooth packet, and the size of the single-slot data packet is smaller than or equal to the maximum capacity of a single-slot Bluetooth packet.
Further, the limited retransmission condition includes a number of retransmissions or a timeout.
Further, the transmitting the multi-slot data packet and the single-slot data packet using the multi-slot bluetooth packet and the single-slot bluetooth packet, respectively, further includes:
the application layer of the transmitting terminal transmits the multi-time slot data packet, the single-time slot data packet and the limited retransmission condition to a protocol layer;
the protocol layer of the transmitting end stores the multi-time slot data packet and the single-time slot data packet as a whole In a First In First Out (FIFO) queue;
the protocol layer firstly takes out the data packet with limited retransmission conditions from the FIFO queue, carries out overtime check on the data packet, and carries out multi-slot Bluetooth packet transmission on the multi-slot data packet if the current Bluetooth PIKE network time does not exceed the overtime time; and if the overtime time is exceeded and the transmission is not successful, giving up the transmission of the multi-slot data packet, and taking out the single-slot data packet to perform single-slot Bluetooth packet transmission.
Further, the single slot packet and the multi-slot packet use the same SEQN (Sequential Number).
Further, the method further comprises: a protocol layer of a receiving end sends the received audio data to an application layer;
if the protocol layer of the receiving end receives two identical SESN data packets, the protocol layer sends the multi-slot data packets to the application layer of the receiving end;
and the application layer decodes the multi-time slot data packet and then plays audio.
Further, the method further comprises:
a protocol layer of a receiving end sends the received audio data to an application layer;
if the audio data received by the application layer of the receiving end simultaneously contains the high-tone quality audio data packet and the low-tone quality audio data packet, respectively decoding the high-tone quality audio data packet and the low-tone quality audio data packet;
judging whether the data received by the preamble is recovery period data;
if yes, the application layer decodes the single-slot data packet and then plays audio;
if not, the application layer decodes the multi-slot data packet and then carries out audio playing.
Further, the method further comprises:
a protocol layer of a receiving end sends the received audio data to an application layer;
if the audio data received by the application layer of the receiving end only contains the low-tone audio data packet;
and the application layer decodes the single-slot data packet and then plays audio.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a communication method of a bluetooth transmitting end, which can reduce communication delay and maintain high interference rejection.
The embodiment of the invention is realized in such a way that a communication method of a Bluetooth transmitting terminal comprises the following steps:
coding the audio PCM data to obtain a multi-time slot data packet and a single-time slot data packet;
and respectively transmitting the multi-slot data packet and the single-slot data packet by using a multi-slot Bluetooth packet and a single-slot Bluetooth packet.
Further, the encoding the audio PCM data to obtain a multi-slot data packet and a single-slot data packet further includes: and the application layer of the transmitting terminal takes out the audio PCM data of one audio cycle from the memory and respectively performs high-tone quality coding processing and low-tone quality coding processing on the audio PCM data to obtain a high-tone quality audio data packet and a low-tone quality audio data packet.
Further, the transmitting the multi-slot data packet and the single-slot data packet using the multi-slot bluetooth packet and the single-slot bluetooth packet, respectively, further includes: the application layer splices the high-tone audio data packet and the low-tone audio data packet into a multi-slot data packet and sets a limited retransmission condition; and the application layer of the Bluetooth transmitting end packs the low-tone-quality audio data packet into a single-time-slot data packet and sets the single-time-slot data packet as infinite retransmission.
Further, the sending the multi-slot data packet and the single-slot data packet by using the multi-slot bluetooth packet and the single-slot bluetooth packet, respectively, further comprises:
the application layer of the transmitting terminal transmits the multi-time slot data packet, the single-time slot data packet and the limited retransmission condition to a protocol layer;
the protocol layer of the transmitting end stores the multi-slot data packet and the single-slot data packet as a whole in an FIFO queue;
the protocol layer firstly takes out the data packet with the limited retransmission condition from the FIFO queue, carries out overtime check on the data packet, and carries out multi-slot Bluetooth packet transmission on the multi-slot data packet if the current Bluetooth pike network time does not exceed the overtime; and if the overtime time is exceeded and the transmission is not successful, giving up the transmission of the multi-slot data packet, and taking out the single-slot data packet to carry out the single-slot Bluetooth packet transmission.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a communication method at a bluetooth receiving end, which can reduce communication delay while maintaining high interference resistance.
The embodiment of the invention is realized in such a way that a communication method of a Bluetooth receiving end comprises the following steps:
receiving a multi-slot data packet and a single-slot data packet;
and if the multi-slot data packet is successfully received, playing by using the audio data of the multi-slot data packet, and if the multi-slot data packet is failed to be received, playing by using the audio data of the single-slot data packet.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a bluetooth communication system, which can reduce communication delay while maintaining high interference rejection.
The embodiment of the invention is realized in such a way that the Bluetooth communication system comprises a transmitting end and a receiving end;
the transmitting terminal is used for coding the audio PCM data to obtain a multi-time slot data packet and a single-time slot data packet, and respectively transmitting the multi-time slot data packet and the single-time slot data packet by using a multi-time slot Bluetooth packet and a single-time slot Bluetooth packet;
the receiving end is used for receiving the multi-slot data packet and the single-slot data packet;
the receiving end is further configured to play the audio data of the multi-slot data packet if the multi-slot data packet is successfully received, and play the audio data of the single-slot data packet if the multi-slot data packet is unsuccessfully received.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a bluetooth transmitting system, which can reduce communication delay while maintaining high interference rejection.
The embodiment of the invention is realized in such a way that a bluetooth transmitting system comprises:
the coding device is used for coding the audio PCM data to obtain a multi-time slot data packet and a single-time slot data packet;
and the transmitting device is used for respectively transmitting the multi-slot data packet and the single-slot data packet by using a multi-slot Bluetooth packet and a single-slot Bluetooth packet.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a bluetooth receiving system, which can reduce communication delay while maintaining high interference rejection.
The embodiment of the present invention is implemented as such, and a bluetooth receiving system includes:
receiving means for receiving the multi-slot packet and the single-slot packet;
a judging device for judging whether the multi-time slot data packet is successfully received;
the playing device is used for playing by using the audio data of the multi-time slot data packet when the multi-time slot data packet is successfully received; and when the multi-slot data packet fails to be received, playing the audio data of the single-slot data packet.
According to the technical scheme, the embodiment of the invention has the following effects: the high anti-interference capability is kept while the Bluetooth communication delay is reduced, so that the propagation distance is kept consistent with the distance under non-ultra-low delay; the embodiment of the invention provides standard Bluetooth transmitting and receiving equipment, improves the real-time performance of audio data transmission in a radio frequency interference environment, and realizes a matched ultra-low delay transmitting system and receiving system and corresponding communication methods thereof; the characteristic that the multi-time slot data packet can transmit the audio with better tone quality but is easy to interfere and the characteristic that the single-time slot data packet is not easy to interfere but only can transmit the audio with poorer tone quality are utilized, so that the anti-interference capability of ultra-low delay transmission is realized. And transmitting the multi-time slot data packet and the single-time slot data packet so as to achieve the purpose of transmitting the high-tone quality data within a certain time range on the premise of ensuring that the low-tone quality data is not lost.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a bluetooth communication method provided in the present application;
fig. 2 illustrates a data flow diagram of a transmitting end and a receiving end of a bluetooth communication method provided in the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart illustrating a procedure of a bluetooth transmitting and receiving device in a bluetooth communication method according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the over-the-air transmission of bluetooth data provided by the present application.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the related invention are shown in the drawings.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments, and the order of steps in the following embodiments is merely illustrative and can be modified without conflict.
As shown in fig. 1, a bluetooth communication method provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
s101, encoding PCM (Pulse Code Modulation) data at a transmitting end to obtain a multi-slot data packet and a single-slot data packet, and respectively transmitting the multi-slot data packet and the single-slot data packet by using a multi-slot Bluetooth packet and a single-slot Bluetooth packet;
s102, a receiving end receives the multi-time slot data packet and the single-time slot data packet;
s103, if the multi-time slot data packet is successfully received, the audio data of the multi-time slot data packet is used for playing, and if the multi-time slot data packet is failed to be received, the audio data of the single-time slot data packet is used for playing.
The general bluetooth transmitting and receiving process is as follows: the bluetooth transmitting device establishes a bluetooth connection with the bluetooth receiving device, and usually uses a bluetooth A2dp (Advanced Audio Distribution Profile, bluetooth Audio transmission model protocol) protocol for connection, or may use other data protocols for transmission, such as an SPP protocol, after the bluetooth connection is successful, the transmitting device performs data compression Coding on the Audio data to be transmitted through an Audio compression algorithm, such as an SBC (Sub-band Coding) algorithm, an AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) algorithm, etc., after obtaining the coded data, the transmitting device transmits the data to a bluetooth protocol layer, the bluetooth protocol layer packs the data into a bluetooth packet and transmits the bluetooth packet to bluetooth hardware, and the bluetooth hardware performs wireless frequency modulation and transmits the bluetooth packet to the receiving device. After receiving the wireless signal, the bluetooth hardware of the receiving end device transmits the demodulated data to the bluetooth protocol layer, the bluetooth protocol layer uploads the data to the application layer after unpacking, the application layer decodes the data by using a corresponding audio decompression algorithm to obtain audio data, the audio data is cached in a memory, and after the audio data is cached for a certain time, the audio starts to be played. The bluetooth data packets transmitted over the air are divided according to time, and can be divided into three types, namely single-slot data packets, 3-slot data packets and 5-slot data packets.
The bluetooth data packet is a whole, and a 16-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) is arranged at the end of the bluetooth data packet for checking the whole packet, and if the CRC does not pass after the receiving end receives the data packet, it indicates that the bluetooth data is interfered during air transmission, resulting in data errors. The bluetooth method to cope with this error is to lose the entire packet and then retransmit this packet until the receiver checks it. It is obvious that the more time slots a bluetooth packet occupies, the greater the probability that it will be interfered during over-the-air transmission, and vice versa the less susceptible it will be to interference. For example, 2DH5 bluetooth packets are used for transmission, where 2 means 2MHz for modulation, and 5 means a maximum of 5 bluetooth slots, and if interference is encountered, multiple retransmissions may be required before a successful transmission can be made. The 2DH1 bluetooth packet may not need to be retransmitted or may be retransmitted less often. Therefore, the actual transmission speed of different bluetooth packets in an interference environment may be reduced to different degrees, the retransmission rate of the 5-slot data packet may be greater than that of the 3-slot data packet, and similarly, the retransmission rate of the 3-slot data packet is also greater than that of the single-slot data packet, and in an extreme case, the 5-slot data packet may completely lose transmission capability, and the single-slot data packet may still maintain a certain transmission capability. A 2DH5 bluetooth packet can be loaded with 679bytes at most, it takes (5 + 1) × 0.625ms=3.75ms to transmit one 2DH5 bluetooth packet, and the theoretical maximum speed is (1000 ms/3.75 ms) × 679bytes =181kb/s for bluetooth transmission using all 2DH5 bluetooth packets. And the 2DH1 bluetooth packet can be loaded with 54bytes at most, and it needs (1 + 1) × 0.625ms =1.25ms to transmit one 2DH1 air packet, and the theoretical maximum speed is (1000 ms/1.25 ms) × 54bytes =43kb/s, all using the 2DH1 bluetooth packet. Therefore, the multi-slot data packet can transmit audio with relatively large data volume and good sound quality, but is easy to interfere; the single-slot data packet is not easily interfered, but only audio with relatively small data volume and poor tone quality can be transmitted.
As shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic diagram of data flow between a transmitting end and a receiving end in the communication method of the present invention, a specific flow of data flow between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the embodiment of the present invention is specifically described as follows: and simultaneously, an audio data source of a Bluetooth transmitting end is coded according to the loading capacity of a multi-slot data packet and a single-slot data packet according to a coding algorithm 1 and a coding algorithm 2, the coding algorithm 1 obtains high-tone quality data, the coding algorithm 2 obtains low-tone quality data, the low-tone quality data are transmitted to a receiving end by adopting a single-slot Bluetooth packet, and the data loaded by the multi-slot Bluetooth packet also comprises a backup of single-slot data packet data. The multi-slot data packet adopts the strategy of limited retransmission and overtime discarding, and the single-slot data packet adopts the strategy of retransmission till success. The receiving equipment receives the two Bluetooth packets, and if the multi-slot data packet is successfully received, the audio of the multi-slot data packet is decoded by a decoding algorithm 1 and then played so as to ensure the tone quality; if the multi-slot data packet is received overtime, the audio of the single-slot data packet is decoded by the decoding algorithm 2 and then played so as to ensure that the sound is not blocked.
The present invention provides a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, which is a schematic flowchart of a procedure of a bluetooth transmitting and receiving device in the bluetooth communication method provided by the present application, and the implementation flow described above is further described in detail with reference to the present diagram.
(1) The transmitting process of the transmitting terminal specifically comprises the following steps:
and the application layer of the transmitting terminal takes out the audio PCM data of one audio cycle from the memory and respectively carries out a coding algorithm 1 for high-sound-quality coding processing and a coding algorithm 2 for low-sound-quality coding processing on the audio PCM data to obtain a high-sound-quality audio data packet and a low-sound-quality audio data packet. The application layer of the Bluetooth transmitting equipment caches the collected audio PCM data into a memory, waits for the memory to cache the audio PCM data of one period, takes out the audio data of one period to perform two kinds of coding processing, and then submits the audio data to the Bluetooth protocol layer for transmission. In specific implementation, the encoding algorithm 1 and the encoding algorithm 2 can be implemented in two ways: the method comprises the steps that the audio PCM data in one period taken out by an application layer are compressed by using the same audio coding algorithm and different audio compression rates; or respectively compressing the audio PCM data by using different coding algorithms. Specifically, the same audio coding algorithm with different compression ratios can be used, for example, the compression ratio of sbc coded bitpool53 is 4.3, and a high-quality audio data packet for multi-slot data packet transmission is obtained by compression, which corresponds to coding algorithm 1; the compression ratio of sbc coding bitpool2 is 30.11, a low-tone audio data packet for single-time-slot data packet transmission is obtained through compression, and the coding algorithm 2 corresponds to the low-tone audio data packet; different coding algorithms may also be used, for example AAC coding for high quality audio packets, corresponding to coding algorithm 1, opus coding for low quality audio packets, corresponding to coding algorithm 2.
The coding processing of the audio PCM data by the application layer of the transmitting end needs to satisfy the loading capacity of the multi-slot data packet and the single-slot data packet, and the compressed data volume needs to satisfy the following conditions at the same time: the multi-slot data packet is smaller than or equal to the maximum capacity of the multi-slot Bluetooth packet, and the single-slot data packet is smaller than or equal to the maximum capacity of the single-slot Bluetooth packet. Namely, the first and second light-emitting diodes are arranged in a straight line,
the size of a high-tone quality audio data packet and the size of a low-tone quality audio data packet < = the maximum capacity of a multi-slot Bluetooth packet;
the size of a low-tone-quality audio data packet < = the maximum capacity of a single-slot Bluetooth packet.
In actual operation, if the maximum capacity is exceeded after compression, that is, the compressed data does not meet the requirement, the compression ratio needs to be continuously adjusted so as to meet the transmission condition.
The application layer splices the high-tone quality audio data packet and the low-tone quality audio data packet into a multi-slot data packet, and sets a limited retransmission condition, wherein the limited retransmission condition comprises retransmission times or overtime time, the overtime time is set to meet the condition that the set time is smaller than a pcm acquisition period, and the pcm acquisition period-multi-slot Bluetooth packet overtime time = the transmission time reserved for a single-slot Bluetooth packet. That is, the maximum times of multi-slot data packet transmission or the timeout time can be set according to the requirement; and the application layer of the Bluetooth transmitting end packs the low-tone-quality audio data packet into a single-time-slot data packet and sets the single-time-slot data packet as an infinite retransmission. Then the two data packets are used as related data packets and are transmitted to a Bluetooth protocol layer through a private Bluetooth extension protocol.
As shown in fig. 4, which is a schematic diagram of bluetooth data over-the-air transmission provided in the embodiment of the present invention, after receiving two associated data packet requests, a bluetooth protocol layer converts timeout time therein into bluetooth pick network time, and stores the two data packets as a whole in a FIFO (First Input First Output) queue. The Bluetooth protocol layer takes out a sending request from the Bluetooth protocol FIFO, and first takes out the limited retransmission data packet in the sending request, the limited retransmission data packet is a multi-slot data packet spliced, the limited retransmission data packet is checked, and if the current Bluetooth picogram network time does not exceed the preset overtime time, the multi-slot Bluetooth packet transmission is carried out on the limited retransmission data packet. If the preset overtime time is exceeded and the transmission is not successful, the transmission of the limited retransmission data packet is abandoned, and the unlimited retransmission data packet is taken out to replace the abandoned limited retransmission packet to carry out the transmission of the single-slot Bluetooth packet, wherein the unlimited retransmission data packet is a single-slot data packet; the single-slot data packet and the discarded multi-slot data packet both use the same sequence number (SESN), the SESN is a flag word used for distinguishing whether the adjacent Bluetooth packet is a retransmission packet in the Bluetooth, and if the SEQs of the two adjacent Bluetooth packets are the same, the latter packet is a retransmission packet of the former packet. And if the high-tone-quality audio data and the low-tone-quality audio data are not successfully received by the receiving end within the specified timeout period, the low-tone-quality audio data are transmitted to the receiving equipment by using the single-slot Bluetooth packet, and the receiving equipment is ensured to successfully receive the low-tone-quality audio data. The purpose of transmitting high-tone-quality data within a certain time range is achieved on the premise that the low-tone-quality data are not lost.
(2) The receiving process of the receiving end specifically includes the following steps:
after receiving the bluetooth packet, the bluetooth protocol layer uploads the received bluetooth packet to the application layer, and the application layer analyzes the content of the received data packet, decodes the content, and sends the audio PCM data obtained after decoding to a Digital to analog converter (DAC) for audio playing.
After receiving the Bluetooth packet, the Bluetooth hardware forwards the data in the received Bluetooth packet to the application layer. According to the Bluetooth standard protocol, if a protocol layer of a receiving end receives two identical SEQIN data packets, the protocol layer sends the multi-slot data packet to an application layer of the receiving end; and the application layer decodes the multi-time slot data packet and then carries out audio playing. Specifically, if the bluetooth hardware has received a bluetooth packet and then receives another bluetooth packet with the same SEQN, it will not distinguish whether the type of the received bluetooth packet is different, and directly discard the later received bluetooth packet with the same SEQN. Therefore, even if the receiving end receives a plurality of identical bluetooth packets with SEQIN, only the first bluetooth packet received is uploaded to the application. This means that if the receiving end receives the multi-slot bluetooth packet first, it will directly upload it to the application, and will not upload the content of the later received single-slot bluetooth packet of the same SEQN to the application again. The transmitting end firstly transmits the multi-time slot data packet and then transmits the associated single-time slot data packet, so that the receiving end can be ensured to preferentially upload data containing high tone quality to the application layer. Whether transmitting or receiving, the transmission of the multi-slot data packet and the transmission of the single-slot data packet are completed in the same cycle range.
After the application layer obtains the data uploaded by the Bluetooth protocol layer, if the audio data received by the application layer of the receiving end simultaneously contains the high-tone quality audio data packet and the low-tone quality audio data packet, the high-tone quality audio data packet and the low-tone quality audio data packet are respectively decoded; judging whether the data received by the preamble is recovery period data; if yes, the application layer decodes the single-slot data packet and then plays audio; if not, the application layer decodes the multi-time slot data packet and then plays the audio. Because most of decoding processes of audio algorithms have continuity requirements of audio data, if a part of data is missing in the middle of an audio coded data stream, the decoding process will have a recovery period, PCM data obtained by decoding in the recovery period will be a piece of noise, so that a determination needs to be made on the condition that a certain data is lost before, whether the PCM audio data is still in the decoding recovery period currently, and if so, the decoded PCM audio data needs to be discarded, thereby avoiding playing the noise. If the decoding recovery period is not the current period, the high-tone-quality data packet decoding PCM data is stored in an audio PCM buffer, and the DAC plays audio. The decoding recovery period sets different time thresholds according to different decoding algorithms, and the program can judge whether the current decoding recovery period is the decoding recovery period by judging whether the time length from the last lost high-quality sound data exceeds the threshold. And whether the current recovery period is in a recovery period can also be directly obtained by directly placing a back-gate query function in a decoding algorithm.
And if the overhigh tone quality data is lost before judgment and the current recovery period is still in, sending the PCM data of the low tone quality data packet decoding to the DAC for playing. The Bluetooth protocol layers of the Bluetooth transmitting end and the receiving end ensure that the Bluetooth packet of the low-tone quality coded data cannot be lost, so that the low-tone quality decoding has no recovery period.
After the application layer obtains the data uploaded by the Bluetooth protocol layer, if the data only contains the audio data packet with low tone quality, the data packet with low tone quality is sent to a corresponding audio decoding program for decoding, then the audio PCM data after low tone quality decoding is stored in an audio PCM buffer, and the audio is played by a DAC. For the case where the back door query recovery period is not placed directly in the decoding algorithm, the current time needs to be recorded as the most recent lost high-tone data time.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a communication method of a bluetooth transmitting end, which can reduce communication delay and maintain high interference rejection. The embodiment of the present invention is a communication method of a transmitting end corresponding to the bluetooth communication method, and as shown in fig. 2, the embodiment is a schematic diagram of data flow between the transmitting end and a receiving end in the communication method of the present invention. A communication method of a Bluetooth transmitting end comprises the following steps:
coding the audio PCM data to obtain a multi-time slot data packet and a single-time slot data packet;
and respectively transmitting the multi-slot data packet and the single-slot data packet by using a multi-slot Bluetooth packet and a single-slot Bluetooth packet.
And simultaneously, an audio data source at a Bluetooth transmitting end is coded according to the loading capacity of a multi-slot data packet and a single-slot data packet respectively according to a coding algorithm 1 and a coding algorithm 2, the coding algorithm 1 obtains high-tone quality data, the coding algorithm 2 obtains low-tone quality data, the low-tone quality data are transmitted to a receiving end by adopting a single-slot Bluetooth packet, and the data loaded by the multi-slot Bluetooth packet also comprises a backup of single-slot data packet data. The application layer of the transmitting terminal takes out the audio PCM data of an audio cycle from the memory, and respectively carries out the coding algorithm 1 of high-sound-quality coding processing and the coding algorithm 2 of low-sound-quality coding processing on the audio PCM data to obtain a high-sound-quality audio data packet and a low-sound-quality audio data packet. The application layer of the Bluetooth transmitting equipment caches the collected audio PCM data into a memory, waits for the memory to cache the audio PCM data of one period, takes out the audio data of one period to perform two kinds of coding processing, and then submits the audio data to the Bluetooth protocol layer for transmission. The method comprises the steps that the audio PCM data in one period taken out by an application layer are compressed by using the same audio coding algorithm and different audio compression rates; or respectively compressing the audio PCM data by using different coding algorithms. Specifically, different compression ratios can be used in the same audio coding algorithm, for example, the compression ratio of sbc coding bitpool53 is 4.3, and a high-quality audio data packet for multi-slot data packet transmission is obtained through compression; the compression ratio of the Sbc coding bitpool2 is 30.11, and a low-tone audio data packet for single-time-slot data packet transmission is obtained through compression; different coding algorithms may be used, for example AAC coding for high quality audio packets and opus coding for low quality audio packets. The multi-slot data packet adopts the strategy of limited retransmission and overtime discarding, and the single-slot data packet adopts the strategy of retransmission till success. And the application layer of the transmitting terminal takes out the audio PCM data of one audio cycle from the memory and respectively performs high-tone quality coding processing and low-tone quality coding processing on the audio PCM data to obtain a high-tone quality audio data packet and a low-tone quality audio data packet. The application layer splices the high-tone audio data packet and the low-tone audio data packet into a multi-slot data packet and sets a limited retransmission condition; and the application layer of the Bluetooth transmitting end packs the low-tone-quality audio data packet into a single-time-slot data packet and sets the single-time-slot data packet as infinite retransmission. The two data packets are then used as associated data packets and transferred to the Bluetooth protocol layer through the private Bluetooth extension protocol. After receiving the two associated data packet requests, the Bluetooth protocol layer converts the timeout time into Bluetooth ping network time and stores the two data packets as a whole into an FIFO queue. The Bluetooth protocol layer takes out a request from the Bluetooth protocol FIFO, firstly takes out the limited retransmission data packet in the request, checks the limited retransmission data packet, and transmits the multi-slot Bluetooth packet to the limited retransmission data packet if the current Bluetooth pike network time does not exceed the preset overtime. If the preset overtime time is exceeded and the transmission is not successful, the transmission of the limited retransmission data packet is abandoned, the unlimited retransmission data packet is taken out to replace the abandoned limited retransmission data packet to carry out the transmission of the one-time slot Bluetooth packet, the same SESN N is used for both the one-time slot data packet and the abandoned multi-time slot data packet, the SESN N is a flag word used for distinguishing whether the adjacent Bluetooth packet is a retransmission packet or not in the Bluetooth, and if the SESN N of the two adjacent packets is the same, the next packet is the retransmission packet of the previous packet. And if the high-tone quality audio data and the low-tone quality audio data are not successfully received by the receiving equipment within the specified timeout period, the low-tone quality audio data are transmitted to the receiving equipment by using the single-time-slot data packet, and the receiving equipment is ensured to successfully receive the low-tone quality audio data. The purpose of transmitting high-tone-quality data within a certain time range is achieved on the premise that the low-tone-quality data are not lost.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a communication method at a bluetooth receiving end. The embodiment of the present invention is a communication method of a receiving end corresponding to the aforementioned bluetooth communication method, as shown in fig. 2, the bluetooth communication method needs to use a transmitting end and a receiving end in a matching manner, and the embodiment is described only from the perspective of the receiving end. A communication method of a Bluetooth receiving end comprises the following steps:
receiving a multi-slot data packet and a single-slot data packet;
and if the multi-slot data packet is successfully received, playing the audio data of the multi-slot data packet, and if the multi-slot data packet is failed to be received, playing the audio data of the single-slot data packet.
The specific implementation of the receiving-end communication method is consistent with the embodiment of the communication method of the above embodiment, and is not described herein again.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a bluetooth communication system, including a transmitting end and a receiving end;
the transmitting terminal is used for coding the audio PCM data to obtain a multi-time slot data packet and a single-time slot data packet, and respectively transmitting the multi-time slot data packet and the single-time slot data packet by using a multi-time slot Bluetooth packet and a single-time slot Bluetooth packet;
the receiving end is used for receiving the multi-slot data packet and the single-slot data packet;
the receiving end is further configured to play the audio data of the multi-slot data packet if the multi-slot data packet is successfully received, and play the audio data of the single-slot data packet if the multi-slot data packet is unsuccessfully received.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a bluetooth transmitting system, including:
the encoding device is used for encoding the audio PCM data to obtain a multi-time slot data packet and a single-time slot data packet;
and the transmitting device is used for respectively transmitting the multi-slot data packet and the single-slot data packet by using a multi-slot Bluetooth packet and a single-slot Bluetooth packet.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a bluetooth receiving system, including:
receiving means for receiving the multi-slot packet and the single-slot packet;
a judging device for judging whether the multi-time slot data packet is successfully received;
the playing device is used for playing by using the audio data of the multi-time slot data packet when the multi-time slot data packet is successfully received; and when the multi-slot data packet fails to be received, playing the audio data of the single-slot data packet by using the audio data of the single-slot data packet.
The bluetooth communication method, the bluetooth transmitting system, and the bluetooth receiving system of the above embodiments correspond to the bluetooth communication method, the bluetooth transmitting end communication method, and the bluetooth receiving end communication method of the above embodiments, respectively, and are not described herein again.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the application and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the scope of the invention according to the present application is not limited to the specific combination of the above-mentioned features, but also covers other embodiments where any combination of the above-mentioned features or their equivalents is made without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features may be replaced with (but not limited to) features having similar functions disclosed in the present application.
Claims (16)
1. A method of bluetooth communication, the method comprising:
coding audio PCM (Pulse Code Modulation) data at a transmitting end to obtain a multi-slot data packet and a single-slot data packet, and respectively transmitting the multi-slot data packet and the single-slot data packet by using a multi-slot Bluetooth packet and a single-slot Bluetooth packet;
a receiving end receives the multi-time slot data packet and the single-time slot data packet;
if the multi-slot data packet is successfully received, the audio data of the multi-slot data packet is used for playing, and if the multi-slot data packet is failed to be received, the audio data of the single-slot data packet is used for playing;
the encoding processing of the audio PCM data at the transmitting end to obtain a multi-slot data packet and a single-slot data packet further comprises: the application layer of the transmitting terminal takes out audio PCM data of an audio cycle from the memory and respectively performs high-tone quality coding processing and low-tone quality coding processing on the audio PCM data to obtain a high-tone quality audio data packet and a low-tone quality audio data packet; the application layer splices the high-tone audio data packet and the low-tone audio data packet into a multi-slot data packet and sets a limited retransmission condition; an application layer of a Bluetooth transmitting end packs the low-tone-quality audio data packets into single-time-slot data packets and sets the single-time-slot data packets as infinite retransmission; the single slot packet and the multi-slot packet use the same SEQN (Sequential Number).
2. The bluetooth communication method according to claim 1, wherein the encoding the audio PCM data at the transmitting end to obtain a multi-slot packet and a single-slot packet further comprises:
respectively compressing the audio PCM data by using the same audio coding algorithm and different audio compression rates; or
And respectively compressing the audio PCM data by using different coding algorithms.
3. The bluetooth communication method according to claim 2, wherein the encoding the audio PCM data at the transmitting end to obtain a multi-slot packet and a single-slot packet further comprises: the coding process needs to satisfy the loading capacity of the multi-slot data packet and the single-slot data packet, and the compressed data volume needs to satisfy the following conditions at the same time: the multi-slot data packet is smaller than or equal to the maximum capacity of a multi-slot Bluetooth packet, and the size of the single-slot data packet is smaller than or equal to the maximum capacity of a single-slot Bluetooth packet.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the limited retransmission condition comprises a number of retransmissions or a timeout.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the transmitting the multi-slot packet and the single-slot packet using a multi-slot Bluetooth packet and a single-slot Bluetooth packet, respectively, further comprises:
the application layer of the transmitting terminal transmits the multi-time slot data packet, the single-time slot data packet and the limited retransmission condition to a protocol layer;
the protocol layer of the transmitting end stores the multi-time slot data packet and the single-time slot data packet as a whole In a First-In First-Out (FIFO) queue;
the protocol layer firstly takes out the data packet with limited retransmission conditions from the FIFO queue, carries out overtime check on the data packet, and carries out multi-slot Bluetooth packet transmission on the multi-slot data packet if the current Bluetooth PIKE network time does not exceed the overtime time; and if the overtime time is exceeded and the transmission is not successful, giving up the transmission of the multi-slot data packet, and taking out the single-slot data packet to perform single-slot Bluetooth packet transmission.
6. The bluetooth communication method according to claim 5, wherein the method further comprises: a protocol layer of a receiving end sends the received audio data to an application layer;
if the protocol layer of the receiving end receives two identical SESN data packets, the protocol layer sends the multi-slot data packets to the application layer of the receiving end;
and the application layer decodes the multi-time slot data packet and then plays audio.
7. The bluetooth communication method according to claim 6, characterized in that the method further comprises:
a protocol layer of a receiving end sends the received audio data to an application layer;
if the audio data received by the application layer of the receiving end simultaneously comprises the high-tone-quality audio data packet and the low-tone-quality audio data packet, respectively decoding the high-tone-quality audio data packet and the low-tone-quality audio data packet;
judging whether the data received by the preamble is recovery period data;
if yes, the application layer decodes the single-slot data packet and then plays audio;
if not, the application layer decodes the multi-slot data packet and then carries out audio playing.
8. The bluetooth communication method according to claim 6, characterized in that the method further comprises:
a protocol layer of a receiving end sends the received audio data to an application layer;
if the audio data received by the application layer of the receiving end only contains the low-tone audio data packet;
and the application layer decodes the single-slot data packet and then plays audio.
9. A communication method of a bluetooth transmitting end, the method comprising:
coding the audio PCM data to obtain a multi-time slot data packet and a single-time slot data packet;
respectively transmitting the multi-slot data packet and the single-slot data packet by using a multi-slot Bluetooth packet and a single-slot Bluetooth packet;
the encoding processing of the audio PCM data to obtain a multi-slot data packet and a single-slot data packet further comprises: the application layer of the transmitting terminal takes out audio PCM data of an audio cycle from the memory and respectively performs high-tone quality coding processing and low-tone quality coding processing on the audio PCM data to obtain a high-tone quality audio data packet and a low-tone quality audio data packet; the application layer splices the high-tone audio data packet and the low-tone audio data packet into a multi-slot data packet and sets a limited retransmission condition; an application layer of a Bluetooth transmitting end packs the low-tone-quality audio data packets into single-time-slot data packets and sets the single-time-slot data packets as infinite retransmission; the single slot packet and the multi-slot packet use the same SEQN.
10. The bluetooth transmitting end communication method of claim 9, wherein the encoding the audio PCM data to obtain the multi-slot data packet and the single-slot data packet further comprises: and the application layer of the transmitting terminal takes out the audio PCM data of one audio cycle from the memory and respectively performs high-tone quality coding processing and low-tone quality coding processing on the audio PCM data to obtain a high-tone quality audio data packet and a low-tone quality audio data packet.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the transmitting the multi-slot data packet and the single-slot data packet using a multi-slot bluetooth packet and a single-slot bluetooth packet respectively further comprises: the application layer splices the high-tone audio data packet and the low-tone audio data packet into a multi-slot data packet and sets a limited retransmission condition; and the application layer of the Bluetooth transmitting end packs the low-tone-quality audio data packet into a single-time-slot data packet and sets the single-time-slot data packet as infinite retransmission.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the transmitting the multi-slot data packet and the single-slot data packet using a multi-slot bluetooth packet and a single-slot bluetooth packet respectively further comprises:
the application layer of the transmitting terminal transmits the multi-time slot data packet, the single-time slot data packet and the limited retransmission condition to a protocol layer;
the protocol layer of the transmitting end stores the multi-slot data packet and the single-slot data packet as a whole in an FIFO queue;
the protocol layer firstly takes out the data packet with limited retransmission conditions from the FIFO queue, carries out overtime check on the data packet, and carries out multi-slot Bluetooth packet transmission on the multi-slot data packet if the current Bluetooth PIKE network time does not exceed the overtime time; and if the overtime time is exceeded and the transmission is not successful, giving up the transmission of the multi-slot data packet, and taking out the single-slot data packet to perform single-slot Bluetooth packet transmission.
13. A communication method at a bluetooth receiving end, the method comprising:
receiving a multi-slot data packet and a single-slot data packet;
if the multi-slot data packet is successfully received, playing the audio data of the multi-slot data packet, and if the multi-slot data packet is failed to be received, playing the audio data of the single-slot data packet;
the application layer of the transmitting terminal takes out audio PCM data of an audio cycle from the memory and respectively performs high-tone quality coding processing and low-tone quality coding processing on the audio PCM data to obtain a high-tone quality audio data packet and a low-tone quality audio data packet; the application layer splices the high-tone audio data packet and the low-tone audio data packet into a multi-slot data packet and sets a limited retransmission condition; an application layer of a Bluetooth transmitting end packs the low-tone-quality audio data packets into single-time-slot data packets and sets the single-time-slot data packets as infinite retransmission; the single slot packet and the multi-slot packet use the same SEQN.
14. A Bluetooth communication system is characterized by comprising a transmitting end and a receiving end;
the transmitting terminal is used for coding the audio PCM data to obtain a multi-time slot data packet and a single-time slot data packet, and respectively transmitting the multi-time slot data packet and the single-time slot data packet by using a multi-time slot Bluetooth packet and a single-time slot Bluetooth packet;
the receiving end is used for receiving the multi-slot data packet and the single-slot data packet;
the receiving end is further configured to play the audio data of the multi-slot data packet if the multi-slot data packet is successfully received, and play the audio data of the single-slot data packet if the multi-slot data packet is unsuccessfully received;
the encoding processing of the audio PCM data to obtain a multi-slot data packet and a single-slot data packet further includes: the application layer of the transmitting terminal takes out audio PCM data of an audio cycle from the memory and respectively performs high-tone quality coding processing and low-tone quality coding processing on the audio PCM data to obtain a high-tone quality audio data packet and a low-tone quality audio data packet; the application layer splices the high-tone audio data packet and the low-tone audio data packet into a multi-slot data packet and sets a limited retransmission condition; an application layer of a Bluetooth transmitting end packs the low-tone-quality audio data packets into single-time-slot data packets and sets the single-time-slot data packets as infinite retransmission; the single slot packet and the multi-slot packet use the same SESN.
15. A bluetooth transmission system, comprising:
the coding device is used for coding the audio PCM data to obtain a multi-time slot data packet and a single-time slot data packet;
a transmitting device, configured to transmit the multi-slot packet and the single-slot packet using a multi-slot bluetooth packet and a single-slot bluetooth packet, respectively;
the encoding processing of the audio PCM data to obtain a multi-slot data packet and a single-slot data packet further includes: the application layer of the transmitting terminal takes out audio PCM data of an audio cycle from the memory and respectively performs high-tone quality coding processing and low-tone quality coding processing on the audio PCM data to obtain a high-tone quality audio data packet and a low-tone quality audio data packet; the application layer splices the high-tone audio data packet and the low-tone audio data packet into a multi-slot data packet and sets a limited retransmission condition; an application layer of a Bluetooth transmitting end packs the low-tone-quality audio data packets into single-time-slot data packets and sets the single-time-slot data packets as infinite retransmission; the single slot packet and the multi-slot packet use the same SEQN.
16. A bluetooth reception system, comprising:
receiving means for receiving a multi-slot packet and a single-slot packet;
judging means for judging whether the reception of the multi-slot packet is successful;
the playing device is used for playing by using the audio data of the multi-time slot data packet when the multi-time slot data packet is successfully received; when the multi-slot data packet fails to be received, the audio data of the single-slot data packet is used for playing;
the application layer of the transmitting terminal takes out audio PCM data of one audio cycle from the memory and respectively performs high-tone quality coding processing and low-tone quality coding processing on the audio PCM data to obtain a high-tone quality audio data packet and a low-tone quality audio data packet; the application layer splices the high-tone audio data packet and the low-tone audio data packet into a multi-slot data packet and sets a limited retransmission condition; an application layer of a Bluetooth transmitting end packs the low-tone-quality audio data packets into single-time-slot data packets and sets the single-time-slot data packets as infinite retransmission; the single slot packet and the multi-slot packet use the same SESN.
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