CN114583839B - Direct-current high-voltage control method and control system - Google Patents
Direct-current high-voltage control method and control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114583839B CN114583839B CN202210483229.XA CN202210483229A CN114583839B CN 114583839 B CN114583839 B CN 114583839B CN 202210483229 A CN202210483229 A CN 202210483229A CN 114583839 B CN114583839 B CN 114583839B
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- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims description 27
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- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
- H02J13/00036—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers
- H02J13/0004—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers involved in a protection system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
- H02H3/087—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for dc applications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00001—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by the display of information or by user interaction, e.g. supervisory control and data acquisition systems [SCADA] or graphical user interfaces [GUI]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/30—Electrical components
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
A direct-current high-voltage control method and a control system, wherein the control method comprises the following steps: communication connection between the communication acquisition unit and the first main control unit, between the communication acquisition unit and the plurality of second main control units as well as between the communication acquisition unit and the server are established respectively, and the first main control unit and the plurality of second main control units are connected with the photovoltaic group string; the output end of each photovoltaic module is connected in series with a master control switch; any main control switch is connected in parallel with an auxiliary control switch; the main control switch connected in parallel with the auxiliary control switch and the driving end of the auxiliary control switch are respectively connected with the first main control unit, and the other main control switches are respectively connected with the plurality of second main control units in a one-to-one correspondence manner; group string heavy current turn-off: the first main control unit controls the auxiliary control switch to be turned on; then the main control switch in a short-circuit state is controlled to be disconnected, and finally the auxiliary control switch is controlled to be disconnected; group string high voltage off: the plurality of second main control units control the other main control switches to be disconnected. The impact of large current is solved, the switching cost is reduced, the service life is prolonged, and meanwhile the power generation reliability is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic power generation, and particularly relates to a direct-current high-voltage control method and a control system.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of the photovoltaic industry, photovoltaic power generation is rapidly replacing chemical energy sources to become main energy sources. However, in the power generation system with the photovoltaic module, when faults, short circuits need to be overhauled or emergency situations such as fire disaster are met, the direct current high-voltage turn-off of the level of the photovoltaic module needs to be realized, and in the turn-off process, the problems of large current and high voltage need to be overcome, if the problems cannot be overcome, serious damage can be caused to equipment, overhaulers or firefighters, and the like, and development and industrialization of the photovoltaic power generation technology in China can be further hindered. Meanwhile, the problem of high operation and maintenance cost of the photovoltaic power station is solved, user experience is improved, and the realization of high-quality development of the photovoltaic industry is also a problem to be solved currently.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a direct-current high-voltage control method which solves the problems of high current and high voltage impact in the turn-off process of a photovoltaic module. The invention further provides a control system.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the direct current high voltage control method comprises the following steps:
communication connection between a communication acquisition unit and a first main control unit, a plurality of second main control units and a server are respectively established, and the first main control unit and the plurality of second main control units are connected with a photovoltaic group string;
the output end of each photovoltaic module is connected in series with a main control switch, each main control switch is in a closed state, and the main control switch is connected in series with the output end of the photovoltaic module through a normally closed contact; connecting any main control switch in the photovoltaic string in parallel with an auxiliary control switch, and enabling the auxiliary control switch to be in an off state; the main control switch connected in parallel with the auxiliary control switch and the driving end of the auxiliary control switch are respectively connected with the first main control unit, and the rest main control switches are respectively connected with a plurality of second main control units in one-to-one correspondence;
group string heavy current turn-off: the first main control unit firstly controls the auxiliary control switch to be conducted so that the main control switch connected with the auxiliary control switch in parallel is in a short-circuit state; the first main control unit controls the main control switch in a short-circuit state to be disconnected again, and after the main control switch is confirmed to be disconnected, the first main control unit controls the auxiliary control switch to be disconnected;
group string high voltage off: and after the auxiliary control switch is confirmed to be disconnected, the plurality of second main control units control the rest main control switches to be disconnected.
The direct-current high-voltage control method provided by the embodiment of the invention has at least the following technical effects: and establishing communication connection among the communication acquisition unit, the server, the first main control unit and the plurality of second main control units to finish equipment initialization. When the equipment is abnormal, the first main control unit can automatically start a loop turn-off mode. In the loop turn-off mode, the first main control unit firstly controls the auxiliary control switch connected in parallel with the main control switch to enable the auxiliary control switch to be turned on, at the moment, the main control switch connected in parallel with the auxiliary control switch is short-circuited, and the auxiliary control switch is connected in series with the photovoltaic string. The first main control unit controls the main control switch connected with the auxiliary control switch in parallel to be disconnected, so that the risk of arcing when the main control switch is disconnected is avoided, the main control switch is not damaged, and the safety coefficient is improved. After the main control switch is disconnected, the first main control unit controls the auxiliary control switch to be disconnected again, so that the current of the whole loop is cut off. After the current is cut off, the plurality of second main control units control all other main control switches to be disconnected, so that the high voltage is cut off. The impact of heavy current is effectively solved through the auxiliary control switch, and the auxiliary control switch is only needed to assist in cutting off the current, so that the volume of the auxiliary control switch is reduced, and meanwhile, the volume required by the main control switch is reduced, thereby reducing the cost. By arranging a plurality of distributed main control switches, the high voltage is cut off. In addition, when the photovoltaic string normally works, the main control switch is in a normally closed state, and the auxiliary control switch is in an off state, so that the power consumption of the whole photovoltaic power generation device is effectively reduced, and the cost is saved.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, before the first main control unit controls the auxiliary control switch to be turned on, the method further includes the following steps:
and sending a turn-off instruction to the communication acquisition unit through a server, and forwarding the turn-off instruction to the first main control unit by the communication acquisition unit.
According to some embodiments of the invention, after the auxiliary control switch is turned off, the main control unit controls the other main control switches to be turned off, including the following steps:
and the plurality of second main control units control the rest main control switches to be simultaneously disconnected or disconnected respectively.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the auxiliary control switch is a field effect transistor or an IGBT.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the dc high voltage control method further comprises the steps of: collecting string temperature of the photovoltaic string through a temperature detection unit connected with the first main control unit and the plurality of second main control units; the temperature of the string exceeds a preset safe temperature value or the temperature rising rate of the string exceeds a preset safe temperature rising rate, the main control unit sends a temperature abnormality detection result to the communication acquisition unit, and the communication acquisition unit sends an overtemperature early warning instruction to the server.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the dc high voltage control method further comprises the steps of: collecting current data of the output end of the photovoltaic string through a current detection unit connected with the first main control unit and the plurality of second main control units; when the current data is abnormal, the first main control unit or any one of the second main control units sends a current abnormality detection result to the communication acquisition unit, and the communication acquisition unit sends a current abnormality early warning instruction to the server.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the dc high voltage control method further comprises the steps of: collecting first voltage data of the output end of the photovoltaic string through a first voltage detection unit connected with the first main control unit and the plurality of second main control units; when the first voltage data is abnormal, the first main control unit or any one of the second main control units sends a first voltage abnormality detection result to the communication acquisition unit, and the communication acquisition unit sends a voltage abnormality early warning instruction to the server.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the dc high voltage control method further comprises the steps of: the method comprises the steps that second voltage data of an output end of a main control switch connected in parallel with an auxiliary control switch are collected through a second voltage detection unit connected with a first main control unit and a plurality of second main control units, the second voltage data exceeds a preset safety voltage value, the first main control unit or any one of the second main control units sends a second voltage abnormality detection result to a communication collection unit, and the communication collection unit sends a turn-off failure instruction to a server.
According to some embodiments of the invention, wireless communication is adopted among the first main control unit, the plurality of second main control units and the communication acquisition unit, and among the communication acquisition unit and the server.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a control system applying the dc high voltage control method according to the first aspect includes:
the photovoltaic group string comprises a plurality of photovoltaic modules which are sequentially connected in series;
the main control switches are connected with the output ends of the photovoltaic modules in series in a one-to-one correspondence manner and are used for cutting off the output of the photovoltaic group strings;
the auxiliary control switch is connected with any main control switch in parallel, and is used for short-circuiting the main control switch connected with the auxiliary control switch in parallel;
the first main control unit is electrically connected with the auxiliary control switch and the main control switch which is connected with the auxiliary control switch in parallel;
the plurality of second main control units are electrically connected with the other plurality of main control switches in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the communication acquisition unit is electrically connected with the first main control unit and the plurality of second main control units and is used for carrying out data interaction with the first main control unit, the plurality of second main control units and the server.
The direct-current high-voltage control method provided by the embodiment of the invention has at least the following technical effects: and establishing communication connection among the communication acquisition unit, the server, the first main control unit and the plurality of second main control units to finish equipment initialization. When the equipment is abnormal, the first main control unit can automatically start a loop turn-off mode. In the loop turn-off mode, the first main control unit firstly controls the auxiliary control switch connected in parallel with the main control switch to enable the auxiliary control switch to be turned on, at the moment, the main control switch connected in parallel with the auxiliary control switch is short-circuited, and the auxiliary control switch is connected in series with the photovoltaic string. The first main control unit controls the main control switch connected with the auxiliary control switch in parallel to be disconnected, so that the risk of arcing when the main control switch is disconnected is avoided, the main control switch is not damaged, and the safety coefficient is improved. After the main control switch is disconnected, the first main control unit controls the auxiliary control switch to be disconnected again, so that the current of the whole loop is cut off. After the current is cut off, the plurality of second main control units control all other main control switches to be disconnected, so that the high voltage is cut off. The impact of heavy current is effectively solved through the auxiliary control switch, and the auxiliary control switch is only needed to assist in cutting off the current, so that the volume of the auxiliary control switch is reduced, and meanwhile, the volume required by the main control switch is reduced, thereby reducing the cost. By arranging a plurality of distributed main control switches, the high voltage is cut off. In addition, when the photovoltaic string normally works, the main control switch is in a normally closed state, and the auxiliary control switch is in an off state, so that the power consumption of the whole photovoltaic power generation device is effectively reduced, and the cost is saved.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a string high current shutdown system of a control system of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a control system shutdown of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a control system closure of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a circuit schematic of a control system shutdown portion of an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
a communication acquisition unit 110, a photovoltaic module 120, a main control switch 130, an auxiliary control switch 140, a server 150,
A temperature detection unit 210, a current detection unit 220, a first voltage detection unit 230, and a second voltage detection unit 240.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that references to orientation, such as upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., are merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be taken as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, a number means one or more, a number means two or more, and greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood to not include the present number, and above, below, within, etc. are understood to include the present number. The description of the first and second is for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.
A direct current high voltage control method according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
The direct-current high-voltage control method according to the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
communication connection between the communication acquisition unit 110 and the first main control unit, between the plurality of second main control units and between the communication acquisition unit and the server 150 are established respectively, and the first main control unit and the plurality of second main control units are connected with the photovoltaic string;
the output end of each photovoltaic module 120 is connected in series with a master control switch 130, and each master control switch 130 is in a closed state, and the master control switch 130 is connected in series with the output end of the photovoltaic module 120 through a normally closed contact; connecting any main control switch 130 in the photovoltaic string in parallel with an auxiliary control switch 140, and enabling the auxiliary control switch 140 to be in an off state; each main control switch 130 connected in parallel with the auxiliary control switch 140 and the driving end of the auxiliary control switch 140 are respectively connected with the first main control units, and the other main control switches 130 are respectively connected with a plurality of second main control units in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
group string heavy current turn-off: the first main control unit firstly controls the auxiliary control switch 140 to be conducted, so that the main control switch 130 connected with the auxiliary control switch 140 in parallel is in a short-circuited state; the first main control unit controls the main control switch 130 in the short-circuited state to be disconnected again, and after confirming that the main control switch 130 is disconnected, the first main control unit controls the auxiliary control switch 140 to be disconnected;
group string high voltage off: after confirming that the auxiliary control switch 140 is turned off, the plurality of second main control units control the remaining main control switches 130 to be turned off.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 4, the first master control unit and the plurality of second master control units are in bidirectional communication with the communication acquisition unit 110, and the communication acquisition unit 110 is in bidirectional communication with the server 150. When an abnormal emergency occurs, or maintenance is needed, or the device detects an abnormality, the first main control unit or any one of the second main control units can feed back the abnormal condition to the communication acquisition unit 110, and the communication acquisition unit 110 can further send the abnormal condition to the server 150, and after the server 150 judges through data, the first main control unit can be remotely controlled to start a loop shutdown mode. Since the main control switch 130 is connected in series to the output end of the photovoltaic module 120 through the normally closed contact, the first main control unit firstly provides the auxiliary control switch 140 with a 15V on voltage to control the auxiliary control switch 140 to be turned on, so that the auxiliary control switch 140 and the photovoltaic module 120 form a new loop, the main control switch 130 connected in parallel with the auxiliary control switch 140 is short-circuited, and after the main control switch 130 connected in parallel with the auxiliary control switch 140 is confirmed to be completely short-circuited, the first main control unit provides the short-circuited main control switch 130 with a 12V voltage to disconnect the main control switch 130. After the main control switch 130 is turned off, the first main control unit further makes the conducting voltage of the auxiliary control switch 140 be 0, and controls the auxiliary control switch 140 to be turned off, so as to complete the turn-off of the large current of the series loop. After the large current is turned off, the plurality of second main control units control all other main control switches 130 to be turned off, so that the high voltage is turned off. The on voltage of the auxiliary control switch 140 and the maintenance time of the off enable voltage of the main control switch 130 are both kept at about 2 seconds, but this embodiment is not limited thereto, and the time setting is reasonable.
According to the direct current high voltage control method of the embodiment of the invention, the communication connection among the communication acquisition unit 110, the server 150 and the main control unit is established, and the equipment initialization is completed. When the equipment is abnormal, the first main control unit can automatically start a loop turn-off mode. In the loop off mode, the first main control unit firstly controls the auxiliary control switch 140 connected in parallel with the main control switch 130 to enable the auxiliary control switch 140 to be turned on, at this time, the main control switch 130 connected in parallel with the auxiliary control switch 140 is shorted, and the auxiliary control switch 140 is turned on in series with the photovoltaic string. The first main control unit controls the main control switch 130 connected with the auxiliary control switch 140 in parallel to be disconnected, so that the risk of arcing when the main control switch 130 is disconnected is avoided, the main control switch 130 is not damaged, and the safety coefficient is improved. After the main control switch 130 is turned off, the first main control unit controls the auxiliary control switch 140 to be turned off again, so that the whole loop current is cut off. After the current is cut off, the plurality of second main control units control all the remaining main control switches 130 to be disconnected again, so that the high voltage cut-off is completed. The impact of large current is effectively solved through the auxiliary control switch 140, and the auxiliary control switch 140 is only needed to assist in cutting off the current, so that the volume of the auxiliary control switch 140 is reduced, and the volume required by the main control switch 130 is reduced, thereby reducing the cost. By providing a plurality of distributed master switches 130, the high voltage is turned off. In addition, when the photovoltaic string normally works, the main control switch 130 is in a normally closed state, and the auxiliary control switch 140 is in an off state, so that the power consumption of the whole photovoltaic power generation device is effectively reduced, and the cost is saved.
In some embodiments of the invention, method steps of closing after shutdown of the photovoltaic system are also presented. Referring to fig. 3, when the photovoltaic system normally needs to restart and restore the photovoltaic power generation, the server 150 issues a restart closing instruction to the communication acquisition unit 110, and then sends the instruction to the plurality of second main control units and the first main control unit sequentially. After receiving the reclosing command, the plurality of second main control units control the main control switches 130 which are not connected with the auxiliary control switches 140 in parallel to close, so as to avoid burning out any one main control switch 130, and in the closing process, the main control switches 130 which are not connected with the auxiliary control switches 140 in parallel need to be ensured to be closed completely and then carry out the subsequent closing step. After all the other main control switches 130 are confirmed to be closed, the first main control unit controls the auxiliary control switch 140 to be turned on, then controls the main control switch 130 connected with the auxiliary control switch 140 in parallel to be closed, and after the main control switch 130 is confirmed to be closed, the first main control unit controls the auxiliary control switch 140 to be turned off. The restart operation of the photovoltaic module 120 power generation is completed.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the master switch 130 employs a relay. Because the auxiliary control switch 140 is added to bear the impact of large current, the main control switch 130 can use a conventional relay without using a relay with large volume, high voltage (1500V) and high specification, thereby reducing the cost for the device.
In some embodiments of the present invention, each master switch 130 is connected in series with the output of each photovoltaic module 120 through a normally closed contact. The main control switch 130 is connected with the output end of the photovoltaic module 120 in two modes, namely a normally open contact and a normally closed contact. When the main control switch 130 is connected with the output end of the photovoltaic module 120 in series through the normally open contact, the control coil of the main control switch 130 needs to be always kept in an electrified state, and the coil is accelerated to age due to overlong electrified time, so that the power consumption during working is increased while the service life is greatly shortened. Once the main control switch 130 fails, the whole device loop fails, which brings great trouble to maintenance and reduces the reliability of power generation. The normally closed contact selected in this embodiment can effectively avoid the above problem, and the control coil only needs to be energized when the main control switch 130 needs to be turned off, so that the service life of the main control switch 130 is effectively prolonged, meanwhile, the power generation reliability is improved, and the working power consumption during power generation is reduced.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the first main control unit and the second main control unit may use CH573 series single chip microcomputer. The communication acquisition unit 110 may employ an ARM serial single-chip microcomputer, and the serial single-chip microcomputer has a sufficient number of functional interfaces, so as to meet the requirements of the embodiment of the present invention. However, the specific usage model is not limited in this embodiment, and the specific usage model is set reasonably according to actual situations.
In some embodiments of the present invention, before the first main control unit controls the auxiliary control switch 140 to be turned on, the method further includes the following steps:
the current turn-off instruction is sent to the communication acquisition unit 110 through the server 150, and the communication acquisition unit 110 forwards the current turn-off instruction to the first main control unit.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 4, the first master control unit, the plurality of second master control units, and the communication acquisition unit 110 perform bidirectional communication, and the communication acquisition unit 110 performs bidirectional communication with the server 150. When an abnormal emergency occurs, or maintenance is needed, or the device detects an abnormality, the first main control unit feeds back the abnormal condition to the communication acquisition unit 110, the communication acquisition unit 110 further sends the abnormal condition to the server 150, the server 150 sends a current turn-off instruction to the communication acquisition unit 110 after data judgment, the communication acquisition unit 110 sends the current turn-off instruction to the first main control unit, and the first main control unit enters a loop turn-off mode. In addition, the first main control unit can also automatically start a loop off mode so as to play a role of a protection device.
In some embodiments of the present invention, after confirming that the auxiliary control switch 140 is turned off, the plurality of second main control units control the remaining main control switches 130 to be turned off, including the following steps: the plurality of second main control units control the remaining main control switches 130 to be simultaneously opened or to be separately opened. When the plurality of second main control units control the other main control switches 130 to be turned off, the broadcast instruction can be issued to enable the main control switches 130 to be turned off simultaneously, or the instruction can be sequentially issued to enable the other main control switches 130 to be turned off sequentially, and finally, the purpose of cutting off high voltage is achieved. The embodiment does not limit the turn-off mode, and the turn-off mode is reasonably set.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the auxiliary control switch 140 employs a field effect transistor or an IGBT. The auxiliary control switch 140 needs to bear the impact of a large current, and specifically, the auxiliary control switch 140 adopted in this embodiment is an IGBT. However, the use of the auxiliary control switch 140 is not limited in this embodiment, and the same effect can be achieved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in particular, the IGBT model adopted in this embodiment is IHW N30N 160R5.
In some embodiments of the invention, the method further comprises the steps of: collecting string temperature of the photovoltaic string through a temperature detection unit 210 connected with the first main control unit and the plurality of second main control units; the cluster temperature exceeds a preset safe temperature value or the cluster temperature rising rate exceeds a preset safe temperature rising rate, the first main control unit or any one of the second main control units sends a temperature abnormality detection result to the communication acquisition unit 110, and the communication acquisition unit 110 sends an overtemperature early warning instruction to the server 150. Referring to fig. 1, the temperature of the photovoltaic string is collected by the temperature collection unit, and when the collected temperature value exceeds a preset temperature value or the temperature rising rate exceeds a preset safety rising rate, the first main control unit or any one of the second main control units sends a temperature abnormality detection result to the communication collection unit 110, and then sends an overtemperature early warning signal to the server 150 by the communication collection unit 110. After the data synthesis judgment, the server 150 sends a command to the first main control unit through the communication acquisition unit 110, and starts a loop shutdown mode.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature detection unit 210 employs a resistive temperature sensor. The resistance type temperature sensor can further improve the precision of temperature detection, and can meet the environment of partial requirement of higher-precision temperature monitoring. Meanwhile, the resistance type temperature sensor is low in cost, and the collection of the temperature data of the photovoltaic string can be realized only by a simple voltage dividing circuit when the resistance type temperature sensor is applied to temperature collection.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the dc high voltage control method further includes the following steps: collecting current data of the output end of the photovoltaic string through a current detection unit 220 connected with the first main control unit and the plurality of second main control units; when the current data is abnormal, the first main control unit or any one of the second main control units sends a current abnormality detection result to the communication acquisition unit 110, and the communication acquisition unit 110 sends a current abnormality early warning instruction to the server 150. Referring to fig. 1, current data at the output end of the photovoltaic string is collected by the current detection unit 220, and when the current data is abnormal, the first main control unit or any one of the second main control units sends a current abnormality detection result to the communication collection unit 110, and then sends a current abnormality early warning instruction to the server 150 by the communication collection unit 110. After the data synthesis judgment, the server 150 sends a command to the first main control unit through the communication acquisition unit 110, and starts a loop shutdown mode.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the dc high voltage control method further includes the following steps: collecting first voltage data of the output end of the photovoltaic string through a first voltage detection unit 230 connected with the first main control unit and a plurality of second main control units; when the first voltage data is abnormal, the first main control unit or any one of the second main control units sends a first voltage abnormality detection result to the communication acquisition unit 110, and the communication acquisition unit 110 sends a voltage abnormality early warning instruction to the server 150. Referring to fig. 1, voltage data at the output end of the photovoltaic string is collected by the first voltage detection unit 230, and when the first voltage data is abnormal, the first main control unit or any one of the second main control units sends a first voltage abnormality detection result to the communication collection unit 110, and then sends a voltage abnormality early warning instruction to the server 150 by the communication collection unit 110. After the data synthesis judgment, the server 150 sends a command to the first main control unit through the communication acquisition unit 110, and starts a loop shutdown mode.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the dc high voltage control method further includes the following steps: the second voltage detection unit 240 connected with the first main control unit and the plurality of second main control units collects second voltage data of the output end of the main control switch 130 connected in parallel with the auxiliary control switch 140, the second voltage data exceeds a preset safety voltage value, the first main control unit or any one of the second main control units sends a second voltage abnormality detection result to the communication acquisition unit 110, and the communication acquisition unit 110 sends a turn-off failure instruction to the server 150. Referring to fig. 1, the second voltage detection unit 240 collects voltage data of the output end of the main control switch 130 connected in parallel with the auxiliary control switch 140, and when the second voltage data is abnormal, the first main control unit or any one of the second main control units sends a second voltage abnormality detection result to the communication acquisition unit 110, and then sends a turn-off failure instruction to the server 150 through the communication acquisition unit 110. After the data synthesis judgment, the server 150 sends a command to the first main control unit through the communication acquisition unit 110, and the loop shutdown mode is started again. In the turning-off process of the present embodiment, the high voltage is turned off only if the high current is confirmed to be turned off.
In some embodiments of the present invention, wireless communication is used between the first master control unit, the plurality of second master control units and the communication acquisition unit 110, and between the communication acquisition unit 110 and the server 150. The wireless communication includes a wireless transmission method such as WIFI, bluetooth, zigBee, which is not limited in this embodiment and may be reasonably set according to actual situations.
A control system according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention includes: the photovoltaic string, the main control switch 130, the auxiliary control switch 140, the main control unit and the communication acquisition unit 110.
A photovoltaic string comprising a plurality of photovoltaic modules 120 connected in series in sequence;
the plurality of master control switches 130 are connected in series with the output ends of the plurality of photovoltaic modules 120 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the master control switches 130 are used for cutting off the output of the photovoltaic group strings;
the auxiliary control switch 140 is connected in parallel with any main control switch 130, and the auxiliary control switch 140 is used for short-circuiting the main control switch 130 connected in parallel with the auxiliary control switch 140;
the first main control unit is electrically connected with the auxiliary control switch 140 and the main control switch 130 connected in parallel with the auxiliary control switch 140;
the plurality of second main control units are electrically connected with the other plurality of main control switches 130 in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the communication acquisition unit 110 is electrically connected to the first master control unit and the plurality of second master control units, and the communication acquisition unit 110 is configured to perform data interaction with the first master control unit, the plurality of second master control units, and the server 150.
Referring to fig. 4, the first master control unit and the plurality of second master control units are in bidirectional communication with the communication acquisition unit 110, and the communication acquisition unit 110 is in bidirectional communication with the server 150. When an abnormal emergency occurs, or maintenance is needed, or the device detects an abnormality, the first main control unit or any one of the second main control units feeds back the abnormal condition to the communication acquisition unit 110, the communication acquisition unit 110 further transmits the abnormal condition to the server 150, the server 150 transmits a shutdown instruction to the communication acquisition unit 110 after data judgment, and the communication acquisition unit 110 transmits the shutdown instruction to the first main control unit. Since the main control switch 130 is connected in series to the output end of the photovoltaic module 120 through the normally closed contact, the first main control unit firstly provides the auxiliary control switch 140 with a 15V on voltage to control the auxiliary control switch 140 to be turned on, so that the auxiliary control switch 140 and the photovoltaic module 120 form a new loop, the main control switch 130 connected in parallel with the auxiliary control switch 140 is short-circuited, and after the main control switch 130 connected in parallel with the auxiliary control switch 140 is confirmed to be completely short-circuited, the first main control unit provides the short-circuited main control switch 130 with a 12V voltage to disconnect the main control switch 130. After the main control switch 130 is turned off, the first main control unit further makes the conducting voltage of the auxiliary control switch 140 be 0, and controls the auxiliary control switch 140 to be turned off, so as to complete the turn-off of the large current of the series loop. After the large current is turned off, the plurality of second main control units control all other main control switches 130 to be turned off, so that the high voltage is turned off.
According to the control method of the direct current high voltage control method of the embodiment of the invention, communication connection among the communication acquisition unit 110, the server 150, the first main control unit and the plurality of second main control units is established, and equipment initialization is completed. When the equipment is abnormal, the first main control unit can automatically start a loop turn-off mode. In the loop off mode, the first main control unit firstly controls the auxiliary control switch 140 connected in parallel with the main control switch 130 to enable the auxiliary control switch 140 to be turned on, at this time, the main control switch 130 connected in parallel with the auxiliary control switch 140 is shorted, and the auxiliary control switch 140 is turned on in series with the photovoltaic string. The first main control unit controls the main control switch 130 connected with the auxiliary control switch 140 in parallel to be disconnected, so that the risk of arcing when the main control switch 130 is disconnected is avoided, the main control switch 130 is not damaged, and the safety coefficient is improved. After the main control switch 130 is turned off, the first main control unit controls the auxiliary control switch 140 to be turned off again, so that the whole loop current is cut off. After the current is cut off, the plurality of second main control units control all the remaining main control switches 130 to be disconnected again, so that the high voltage cut-off is completed. The impact of large current is effectively solved through the auxiliary control switch 140, and the auxiliary control switch 140 is only needed to assist in cutting off the current, so that the volume of the auxiliary control switch 140 is reduced, and the volume required by the main control switch 130 is reduced, thereby reducing the cost. By providing a plurality of distributed master switches 130, the high voltage is turned off. In addition, when the photovoltaic string normally works, the main control switch 130 is in a normally closed state, and the auxiliary control switch 140 is in an off state, so that the power consumption of the whole photovoltaic power generation device is effectively reduced, and the cost is saved.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. The direct-current high-voltage control method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
communication connection between a communication acquisition unit and a first main control unit, a plurality of second main control units and a server are respectively established, and the first main control unit and the plurality of second main control units are connected with a photovoltaic group string;
the output end of each photovoltaic module is connected in series with a main control switch, each main control switch is in a closed state, and the main control switch is connected in series with the output end of the photovoltaic module through a normally closed contact; connecting any main control switch in the photovoltaic string in parallel with an auxiliary control switch, and enabling the auxiliary control switch to be in an off state; the main control switch connected in parallel with the auxiliary control switch and the driving end of the auxiliary control switch are respectively connected with the first main control unit, and the rest main control switches are respectively connected with a plurality of second main control units in one-to-one correspondence;
group string heavy current turn-off: the first main control unit firstly controls the auxiliary control switch to be conducted so that the main control switch connected with the auxiliary control switch in parallel is in a short-circuit state; the first main control unit controls the main control switch in a short-circuit state to be disconnected again, and after the main control switch is confirmed to be disconnected, the first main control unit controls the auxiliary control switch to be disconnected;
group string high voltage off: after the auxiliary control switch is confirmed to be disconnected, the plurality of second main control units control the rest main control switches to be disconnected;
string high current, high voltage closure: the plurality of second main control units control the rest main control switches to be closed simultaneously or sequentially, the first main control unit controls the auxiliary control switch to be turned on, and after the auxiliary control switch is confirmed to be turned on, the first main control unit controls the main control switch connected with the auxiliary control switch in parallel to be closed; the first main control unit controls the auxiliary control switch to be disconnected;
the direct-current high-voltage control method further comprises the following steps:
collecting second voltage data of the output end of the main control switch connected in parallel with the auxiliary control switch through a second voltage detection unit connected with the first main control unit and a plurality of second main control units, wherein the second voltage data exceeds a preset safety voltage value, the first main control unit or any one of the second main control units sends a second voltage abnormality detection result to the communication collection unit, and the communication collection unit sends a turn-off failure instruction to the server;
after the server comprehensively judges the data, a command is sent to the first main control unit through the communication acquisition unit, and a loop shutdown mode is started again.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein before the first main control unit controls the auxiliary control switch to be turned on, the method further comprises the steps of:
and sending a turn-off instruction to the communication acquisition unit through a server, and forwarding the turn-off instruction to the first main control unit by the communication acquisition unit.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein after the auxiliary control switch is turned off, the plurality of second main control units control the remaining main control switches to be turned off, comprising the steps of:
and the plurality of second main control units control the rest main control switches to be simultaneously disconnected or disconnected respectively.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary control switch is a field effect transistor or an IGBT.
5. The direct current high voltage control method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: collecting string temperature of the photovoltaic string through a temperature detection unit connected with the first main control unit and the plurality of second main control units; the temperature of the string exceeds a preset safe temperature value or the temperature rising rate of the string exceeds a preset safe temperature rising rate, the first main control unit or any one of the second main control units sends a temperature abnormality detection result to the communication acquisition unit, and the communication acquisition unit sends an overtemperature early warning instruction to the server.
6. The direct current high voltage control method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: collecting current data of the output end of the photovoltaic string through a current detection unit connected with the first main control unit and the plurality of second main control units; when the current data is abnormal, the first main control unit or any one of the second main control units sends a current abnormality detection result to the communication acquisition unit, and the communication acquisition unit sends a current abnormality early warning instruction to the server.
7. The direct current high voltage control method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: collecting first voltage data of the output end of the photovoltaic string through a first voltage detection unit connected with the first main control unit and the plurality of second main control units; when the first voltage data is abnormal, the first main control unit or any one of the second main control units sends a first voltage abnormality detection result to the communication acquisition unit, and the communication acquisition unit sends a voltage abnormality early warning instruction to the server.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein wireless communication is adopted among the first master control unit, the plurality of second master control units, the communication acquisition unit, and the server.
9. A control system applying the direct-current high-voltage control method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising:
the photovoltaic group string comprises a plurality of photovoltaic modules which are sequentially connected in series;
the main control switches are connected with the output ends of the photovoltaic modules in series in a one-to-one correspondence manner and are used for cutting off the output of the photovoltaic group strings;
the auxiliary control switch is connected with any main control switch in parallel, and is used for short-circuiting the main control switch connected with the auxiliary control switch in parallel;
the first main control unit is electrically connected with the auxiliary control switch and the main control switch which is connected with the auxiliary control switch in parallel;
the plurality of second main control units are electrically connected with the other plurality of main control switches in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the communication acquisition unit is electrically connected with the first main control unit and the plurality of second main control units and is used for carrying out data interaction with the first main control unit, the plurality of second main control units and the server.
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