CN114581630A - Method for establishing statistical shape model of Chinese wrist joint - Google Patents
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- 210000000623 ulna Anatomy 0.000 description 5
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000236 metacarpal bone Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 206010010356 Congenital anomaly Diseases 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for establishing a statistical shape model of a Chinese wrist joint, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a CT scanning data sample, establishing a three-dimensional model, establishing a coordinate system plane, registering the three-dimensional model, superposing the three-dimensional model, forming a three-dimensional model curve by three-dimensional model anatomy, superposing the three-dimensional model curve, homogenizing the three-dimensional model superposed curve, solving an average curve and further generating an average wrist joint surface; averaging a large number of samples by a statistical shape model, carrying out component analysis on a wrist joint shape change form to obtain a main characteristic value, establishing a standardized and averaged comprehensive simulation wrist joint model, and truly simulating the movement of a human wrist joint; a statistical shape model based on the Chinese wrist joint is established for the first time, represents the surface anatomical morphology change characteristics of the Chinese wrist joint, and can be applied to wrist joint design, wrist joint biomechanical analysis, wrist joint bone defect reconstruction templates and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of statistical shape model establishment, and particularly relates to an establishment method of a statistical shape model of a Chinese wrist joint.
Background
The statistical shape model is a model which is established by selecting points, grids, curves or other specific parameter sets capable of expressing the shapes of the objects from the same objects in a specific group and comprises the average shape and the variation form of the objects; it has been applied to criminal investigation, archaeology and face recognition. Because of the characteristic of representing an average model, the model plays a certain role in orthopedics clinical aspect and is mainly applied to: segmentation of medical images, preoperative planning and intraoperative navigation, description of anatomical morphology and changes thereof, staging and diagnosis of diseases, defect repair and reconstruction, biomechanical analysis and the like.
The wrist joint generally comprises a radiocarpal joint, an intercarpal joint and a carpometacarpal joint, which are mutually related; the radial wrist joint consists of a triangular cartilage disk at the far end of a radius bone and the far end of an ulna bone and a boat, a moon and a triangular bone in the proximal carpal row. The intercarpal joint is composed of a proximal carpal row and a distal carpal row. The carpometacarpal joint is composed of a far volleyball carpal bone and 2 nd to 5 th metacarpal bone bases, and a thumb carpometacarpal joint composed of a trapezium bone and a first metacarpal bone is an independent joint; the artificial wrist joint prosthesis is mainly suitable for replacement of human wrist joint defects, including serious damage and serious deformity of joint structures caused by serious trauma, tumors, infection and congenital deformity; the wrist joint prosthesis has certain individual difference for different patients, and the key step which plays a decisive role in the final prosthesis structure is the establishment of an early-stage model, the establishment of the prior preoperative model is mainly based on the experience of a designer, direct parameter measurement and mirror symmetry of a healthy side, and if the healthy side is also diseased, accurate anatomical information cannot be provided.
Total wrist replacement (TWA) has been known as a treatment for traumatic, rheumatoid, degenerative carpal arthritis for over 40 years. At present, foreign artificial wrist joints are developed to 4 th generation products, including relatively mature products such as RE-MOTION, Maestro, Universal 2 and the like. At present, no universal TWA wrist joint prosthesis with independent intellectual property rights exists in China, so that the TWA wrist joint prosthesis which can be applied to clinical wrist joint prostheses is designed and manufactured on the basis of wrist joint anatomical data of European and American races at present; the anatomical form of the wrist joint prosthesis does not accord with the anatomical characteristics of the wrist joint of the Chinese, so that a statistical shape model of the wrist joint of the Chinese is urgently needed to be established, and the joint prosthesis which accords with the anatomical characteristics of the wrist joint of the Chinese is designed on the basis of the statistical shape model.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for establishing a statistical shape model of a Chinese wrist joint, which averages a large number of samples through the statistical shape model, analyzes principal components of a wrist joint shape change form to obtain a main characteristic value, establishes a standardized and averaged comprehensive simulation wrist joint statistical shape model and describes the shape change characteristics of a Chinese wrist joint surface; the artificial wrist joint prosthesis implemented on the basis of the wrist joint model established by the statistical shape model method can replace a real joint to play a role, maximally overcomes the difference of the anatomical characteristics of the individual wrist joint, makes statistics of the anatomical shape distribution of the Chinese wrist joint, fully represents the anatomical shape change of the Chinese wrist joint, establishes the anatomical database of the Chinese wrist joint for the first time, can be applied to joint design, wrist joint biomechanical analysis and wrist joint bone defect reconstruction templates, and also lays an anatomical basis for designing the wrist joint prosthesis suitable for Chinese.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for establishing a statistical shape model of a Chinese wrist joint is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: collecting 355 cases of CT (computed tomography) radiography inspection data of wrist joints of a researcher, importing 355 cases of CTdicom-format data into medical image processing software Mimics20.0, segmenting the CT radiography data based on the condition of a lowest threshold value, simultaneously manually correcting the CT radiography data, and finally extracting a three-dimensional model of a wrist joint bone surface part;
s2: importing the single wrist joint three-dimensional model obtained in the S1 into engineering software 3-MATICS12.0, connecting 4 anatomical feature part mark points to form two intersecting line segments by marking the 4 anatomical feature part mark points, making a perpendicular line at the intersection point, and forming a joint surface of the distal segment of the radius which is fitted with the coordinate plane to the maximum extent after calibration;
s3: in 3-MATICS12.0 software, after a reference coordinate system plane in S2 is established, 6 bisection planes, namely a median coronal plane, a left median paracoronal plane, a right median paracoronal plane, a median sagittal plane, a left median parasagittal plane, a right median parasagittal plane and a wrist joint 3D model are respectively selected from a coronal plane and a sagittal plane and are intersected with a wrist joint 3D model to form 6 curves at a distal end joint plane of a radius and a proximal end of a wrist bone, and the intersected curves of the joint plane of the radius and the joint plane of the wrist bone are manually selected and reserved;
s4: repeating the above steps S1-S3 to obtain 100 pieces of curve igs format files of the wrist joint radial articular surface and wrist joint articular surface; importing 100 curve igs format files of the radial surface and the wrist surface of the wrist joint into a software Rhinoceros 6.0, and aligning in the established coordinate system;
s5: registering 355 curves fitted to wrist joints in a Rhinoceros 6.0 software to an established coordinate system, removing a curve with large variation, selecting all curves, clicking a reconstruction option, setting the number of nodes to be 20 and the order to be 3, counteracting disordered curves one by a least square method, and finally obtaining a stable average curve;
s6: generating 6 average curves at the distal radius end and the proximal carpal end respectively, selecting six curves of the distal radius joint surface and the proximal carpal joint surface, sequentially clicking-tool-embedding surfaces, and fitting the distal radius end and the proximal carpal end respectively to obtain two curved surfaces; the curved surface is the average shape characteristic which can represent 100 wrist joints;
preferably, the marker points of the anatomical feature site in S2 are selected from the Lister tubercle, the radius styloid process, the ulna styloid process, and the intersection point formed by the midpoint of the ulna styloid process connecting line and the Lister tubercle connecting line and the radius far-end volar side;
preferably, the reference coordinate system plane in S2 is a median coronal plane, a left median paracoronal plane, a right median paracoronal plane, a median sagittal plane, a left median parasagittal plane, and a right median parasagittal plane;
preferably, the normal wrist joint of the researcher collected in S1 has no scaphoid fracture, no lunar dislocation, no rheumatoid carpal arthritis, no distal radius fracture, no carpal defect;
preferably, in S1, the CT radiographic examination position of the wrist joint is 10 ° dorsiflexed, and the ruler is 5 ° off-set.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method, CT data of wrist joints of a plurality of researchers are collected, a plurality of three-dimensional models are overlapped after three-dimensional modeling and are dissected and cut to form curves, then the curves are overlapped, an average curve is obtained through a least square method on the basis of the overlapped curves, and the average curve is fitted to obtain an average curved surface, namely a wrist joint statistical shape model representing Chinese; the model built by the method of the invention represents the anatomical form distribution of the wrist joint of Chinese people, and can play the real wrist joint movement function when being applied to different patient situations.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the result of the process of step S2;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of coordinate axes generated by intersecting three planes two by two; establishing a coordinate system process schematic diagram;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a process for generating a cutting plane;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a carpal side generating cutting plane procedure;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the result of the process of step S3;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the result of the process of step S3;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the procedure of introducing the curve of the wrist joint (distal radius and carpal bone) into the software Rhinoceros, aligning in space by means of coordinate axes;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a wrist joint curve and coordinate axis process;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the procedure of introducing a plurality of wrist curve guides and aligning them in space;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the curve model in the coordinate system of step S4;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a process for trimming a wrist curve and homogenizing the curve;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating a process of gradually obtaining an average curve;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a process for generating an average curve;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a radial-wrist joint surface curve process including distal radius and carpal portion;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the process of fitting the upper and lower joint curves to generate the joint surface curve by the "mosaic" function;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the curves of the upper and lower articular surfaces (upper carpal bone, lower distal radius);
FIG. 17 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly and completely describe the process and the effect of the method of the present invention, the following embodiments are provided for a detailed description.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 17, a method for building a statistical shape model of a chinese wrist joint includes the following steps:
s1: collecting 355 cases of CT (computed tomography) radiography inspection data of wrist joints of a researcher, importing 355 cases of CT dicom format data into medical image processing software Mimics20.0, segmenting the CT radiography data based on the condition of a lowest threshold value, simultaneously manually correcting the CT radiography data, and finally extracting a three-dimensional model of a wrist joint bone surface part;
s2: importing the single wrist joint three-dimensional model obtained in the step S1 into engineering software 3-MATICS12.0, connecting 4 anatomical feature part mark points to form two intersecting line segments by marking the 4 anatomical feature part mark points, making a perpendicular line at the intersection point, and forming a joint surface of the distal radius segment which is fitted with the coordinate plane to the maximum extent after calibration, as shown in FIG. 1;
s3: in 3-MATICS12.0 software, after a reference coordinate system plane in S2 is established, 6 bisection planes, namely a median coronal plane, a left median paracoronal plane, a right median paracoronal plane, a median sagittal plane, a left median parasagittal plane, a right median parasagittal plane and a wrist joint 3D model are respectively selected from a coronal plane and a sagittal plane and are intersected at a distal end joint plane of a radius and a proximal end of a wrist bone to form 6 curves respectively, the intersected curves of the joint plane of the radius and the joint plane of the wrist bone are manually selected and reserved, and only a joint plane part is reserved for each 6 curves; as shown in fig. 2 and 3;
s4: repeating the above steps S1-S3 to obtain 355 curve igs format files of wrist joint radial articular surface and wrist joint articular surface; 355 curve igs format files of the radial surface and the wrist surface of the wrist joint are imported into a software Rhinoceros 6.0, and alignment is carried out in the established coordinate system; as shown in fig. 4;
s5: 355 cases of curves fitted to wrist joints are registered to an established coordinate system in Rhinoceros 6.0 software, after a curve with larger variation is removed, all curves are selected to click a reconstruction option, the number of nodes is set to be 20, the order is set to be 3, disorder curves are offset one by one through a least square method, and finally, a stable average curve is obtained, and 6 average curves are respectively arranged on a distal joint surface of a radius and a proximal joint surface of a wrist bone;
s6: generating 6 average curves at the distal radius end and the proximal carpal end respectively, selecting six curves of the distal radius joint surface and the proximal carpal joint surface, sequentially clicking-tool-embedding surfaces, and fitting the distal radius end and the proximal carpal end respectively to obtain two curved surfaces; the curved surface is the average shape characteristic that can represent 355 wrist joints;
preferably, the marker points of the anatomical feature site in S2 are selected from the Lister tubercle, the radius styloid process, the ulna styloid process, and the intersection point formed by the midpoint of the ulna styloid process connecting line and the Lister tubercle connecting line and the radius far-end volar side;
preferably, the reference coordinate system plane in S2 is a median coronal plane, a left median paracoronal plane, a right median paracoronal plane, a median sagittal plane, a left median parasagittal plane, and a right median parasagittal plane;
preferably, the normal wrist joint of the subject collected in S1 has no scaphoid fracture, no lunar dislocation, no rheumatoid carpal arthritis, no distal radius fracture, no carpal defect;
preferably, in S1, the CT radiographic examination position of the wrist joint is 10 ° dorsiflexed, and the ruler is 5 ° off-set.
In conclusion, the invention acquires the CT data of the wrist joints of a plurality of researchers, superposes a plurality of three-dimensional models after three-dimensional modeling, forms curves through dissection and cutting, superposes the curves, and obtains a final average wrist joint surface model through homogenization and averaging on the basis of the superposed curves; the model built by the method represents the surface anatomical morphology change characteristics of the Chinese wrist joint, and the anatomical database of the Chinese wrist joint is built, so that the method can be applied to joint design, wrist joint biomechanical analysis and wrist joint bone defect reconstruction templates, and can play the real wrist joint movement function of different patients.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A method for establishing a statistical shape model of a Chinese wrist joint is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: collecting 355 cases of CT (computed tomography) radiography inspection data of wrist joints of a researcher, importing 355 cases of CTdicom-format data into medical image processing software Mimics20.0, segmenting the CT radiography data based on the condition of a lowest threshold value, simultaneously manually correcting the CT radiography data, and finally extracting a three-dimensional model of a wrist joint bone surface part;
s2: importing the single wrist joint three-dimensional model obtained in the S1 into engineering software 3-MATICS12.0, connecting 4 anatomical feature part mark points to form two intersecting line segments by marking the 4 anatomical feature part mark points, making a perpendicular line at the intersection point, and forming a joint surface of the distal segment of the radius which is fitted with the coordinate plane to the maximum extent after calibration;
s3: in 3-MATICS12.0 software, after a reference coordinate system plane in S2 is established, 6 bisection planes, namely a median coronal plane, a left median paracoronal plane, a right median paracoronal plane, a median sagittal plane, a left median parasagittal plane, a right median parasagittal plane and a wrist joint 3D model are respectively selected from a coronal plane and a sagittal plane and are intersected with a wrist joint 3D model to form 6 curves at a distal end joint plane of a radius and a proximal end of a wrist bone, and the intersected curves of the joint plane of the radius and the joint plane of the wrist bone are manually selected and reserved;
s4: repeating the above steps S1-S3 to obtain 100 curve igs format files of wrist joint radial articular surface and wrist joint articular surface; importing 100 curve igs format files of the radial surface and the wrist surface of the wrist joint into a software Rhinoceros 6.0, and aligning in the established coordinate system;
s5: registering 355 curves fitted to wrist joints in a Rhinoceros 6.0 software to an established coordinate system, removing a curve with large variation, selecting all curves, clicking a reconstruction option, setting the number of nodes to be 20 and the order to be 3, counteracting disordered curves one by a least square method, and finally obtaining a stable average curve;
s6: generating 6 average curves at the distal radius end and the proximal carpal end respectively, selecting six curves of the distal radius joint surface and the proximal carpal joint surface, sequentially clicking-tool-embedding surfaces, and fitting the distal radius end and the proximal carpal end respectively to obtain two curved surfaces; this curve is the average shape characteristic that can represent 100 wrist joints.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the anatomical feature marker points in S2 are selected from the list nodule, the radius styloid process, the ulnar styloid process, and the intersection point of the middle point of the ulnar styloid process line and the list nodule line and the distal radius volar side.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the reference coordinate system plane in S2 is a median coronal plane, a left median paracoronal plane, a right median paracoronal plane, a median sagittal plane, a left median parasagittal plane, or a right median parasagittal plane.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the normal wrist joint of the subject collected in S1 has no scaphoid fracture, no lunar dislocation, no rheumatoid carpal arthritis, no distal radius fracture, no carpal defect;
5. the method for building a statistical shape model of a Chinese wrist joint according to claim 1, wherein the CT radiographic examination position of the wrist joint in S1 is back-extended by 10 ° and 5 ° deviated by the ruler.
6. The method for building the statistical shape model of the Chinese wrist joint according to any one of claims 1 to 5 discloses an application of the statistical shape model in the field of building a medical bone joint prosthesis model.
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