CN114580474A - Transformer sound vibration fault diagnosis method, system, equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Transformer sound vibration fault diagnosis method, system, equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method, a system, equipment and a storage medium for diagnosing sound vibration faults of a transformer, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a sound vibration signal of the transformer to be diagnosed; and inputting the sound vibration signal of the transformer to be diagnosed into a sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent, and carrying out sound vibration fault identification through the sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent according to the sound vibration signal to obtain a sound vibration fault diagnosis result of the transformer to be diagnosed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fault diagnosis, and relates to a transformer sound vibration fault diagnosis method, a transformer sound vibration fault diagnosis system, transformer sound vibration fault diagnosis equipment and a storage medium.
Background
The transformer is used as a key core device of a power system, and the stable operation of the transformer is closely related to the safety and reliability of a power grid, so that the analysis of the operation state of the transformer in time and the fault diagnosis are very important, and the transformer is significant in guaranteeing the stability of power supply and avoiding national economic loss. Because the transformer is in a state of load operation for a long time, the probability of the fault is higher than that of other power equipment, the trans-regional dispatching of the power grid is more and more popular at present, once the fault of the transformer cannot be timely and accurately diagnosed and repaired, a series of adverse reactions occur on the local part of the power grid, and the loss which cannot be estimated is easily caused to the operation of the power grid.
At present, the traditional fault diagnosis research method for the transformer still has some problems. The expert system method has the problems of excessive dependence on prior knowledge and expert experience and lack of expert knowledge, and the stability and accuracy of a fault diagnosis result are difficult to ensure; for the method of extracting the time-frequency domain characteristics of the fault signals firstly and then realizing fault diagnosis classification by combining the classifier, the problems that the manual extraction of the characteristics is complicated and the fault diagnosis precision is influenced by the effectiveness of the extracted characteristics exist, and if the effectiveness of the extracted characteristics is poor, the fault diagnosis precision is possibly low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a transformer sound vibration fault diagnosis method, a transformer sound vibration fault diagnosis system, transformer sound vibration fault diagnosis equipment and a storage medium, wherein the transformer sound vibration fault diagnosis method, the transformer sound vibration fault diagnosis system, the transformer sound vibration fault diagnosis equipment and the storage medium can accurately perform online fault diagnosis on a transformer.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, the present invention provides a method for diagnosing a sound vibration fault of a transformer, including:
acquiring a sound vibration signal of the transformer to be diagnosed;
inputting the sound vibration signal of the transformer to be diagnosed into a sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent, and carrying out sound vibration fault identification through the sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent according to the sound vibration signal to obtain a sound vibration fault diagnosis result of the transformer to be diagnosed; the intelligent body for diagnosing the sound vibration fault is obtained by training a sound vibration signal sample in a deep reinforcement learning mode.
The transformer sound vibration fault diagnosis method is further improved as follows:
before the input of the sound vibration signal of the transformer to be diagnosed into the sound vibration fault diagnosis agent, the method further comprises:
collecting sound vibration signals of a transformer in various fault states, and dividing the collected sound vibration signals of the transformer in various fault states into a training sample set and a test sample set;
constructing an intelligent agent;
and training the intelligent agent through the training sample set, and testing the trained intelligent agent through the test sample set to obtain the sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent.
The specific process for constructing the intelligent agent comprises the following steps: and establishing an agent based on the deep Q dual-network model structure.
The deep Q dual-network model comprises an estimation network Eval-Net and a Target network Target-Net, wherein the estimation network Eval-Net and the Target network Target-Net are both multilayer perceptrons and have consistent network structures.
The intelligent agent is trained through the training sample set, the trained intelligent agent is tested through the testing sample set, and the specific process of obtaining the intelligent agent for diagnosing the sound vibration fault is as follows: :
marking a fault label for each sample in the training sample set, wherein the fault labels of the samples of the same fault type are the same;
determining a reward return function of the agent based on the sample proportion of each fault label;
and training the intelligent agent through the training sample set based on the reward return function of the intelligent agent, and testing the trained intelligent agent through the test sample set to obtain the sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent.
The reward return function is:
wherein,the number of samples of the i-th type fault label,to be in a fault environment state stAction a by greedy policytNumber of samples of the corresponding trouble ticket, ltIs an environmental state stFault labels corresponding to the samples, K being the number of fault types of the transformer, each fault type corresponding to an action ai。
The training the agent through the training sample set includes: and calculating the current Q value by using the estimation network Eval-Net, calculating the Target Q value by using the Target network Target-Net according to the action selected by the estimation network Eval-Net in the state at the next moment, and training the parameters in the intelligent body by using the Target Q value and the current Q value to obtain the sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent body.
In a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a transformer acoustic vibration fault diagnosis system, including:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a sound vibration signal of the transformer to be diagnosed;
and the diagnosis module is used for inputting the sound vibration signal of the transformer to be diagnosed into the sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent, and performing sound vibration fault identification according to the sound vibration signal through the sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent to obtain a sound vibration fault diagnosis result of the transformer to be diagnosed.
In three aspects, the invention provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the transformer sound vibration fault diagnosis method when executing the computer program.
In a fourth aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the transformer sound vibration fault diagnosis method.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
when the transformer sound vibration fault diagnosis method, the system, the equipment and the storage medium are specifically operated, the sound vibration signal of the transformer to be diagnosed is input into the sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent, the output result of the sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent is used as the sound vibration fault diagnosis result of the transformer, so that the online diagnosis of the transformer fault is realized, the diagnosis efficiency is improved, and the sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent is a diagnosis model obtained by training a sound vibration signal sample in a deep reinforcement learning mode.
Furthermore, the reward return function is designed by utilizing the sample proportion rate of each fault label, the problem that the fault samples of the sound vibration signal of the transformer are unbalanced is solved, and the diagnosis accuracy rate of few-sample faults is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a transformer sound vibration fault diagnosis method according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the transformer sound vibration fault diagnosis method of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a structural diagram of the sound vibration fault diagnosis system of the transformer of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
example one
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the method for diagnosing the sound vibration fault of the transformer according to the present invention includes the following steps:
1) obtaining a fault sample;
the specific process of the step 1) is as follows:
collecting the sound vibration signals of the transformer in various fault states, denoising the sound vibration signals, and taking the denoised sound vibration signals as fault samples; in addition, the audio signal of the sound vibration signal is converted into a time series signal, then the time series signal and the vibration signal are respectively subjected to normalization processing, then the two signals are combined into a vector, and the vector is used as the fault environment state.
2) Constructing an environment state space;
specifically, the environment state space S is composed of all fault environment states, each environment state S corresponds to one fault environment state, K fault types of the transformer are represented as an action space a ═ 0, 1., K-1}, and each fault type corresponds to one action aiMapping the environment state space to the action space A to obtain the environment state space set of the fault typeComprises the following steps:
wherein s isnFor the nth state in the failure environment state space set, the relationship between the action space a and the environment state space S is:
partitioning the environmental state space S into trainingSet environment state space StrainAnd test set environmental State space Stest。
3) Establishing an intelligent agent;
the specific process of the step 3) is as follows:
establishing an intelligent agent based on a deep Q double-network model structure, wherein the deep Q double-network model comprises an estimation network Eval-Net and a Target network Target-Net, and the estimation network Eval-Net and the Target network Target-Net are both multilayer perceptrons and have consistent network structures. Wherein the estimated network Eval-Net is used for calculating the current Q value Q(s)t,at(ii) a Theta), the Target network Target-Net is used for calculating a Target Q value, and the calculation process is shown as the formula (3) and the formula (4);
Target Q=r+γQ(st+1,a*;θ-) (4)
wherein, theta and theta-Network parameters of an estimated network Eval-Net and a Target network Target-Net are respectively, r is an instant reward return value, gamma is a discount factor, and gamma belongs to [0,1 ]]。
4) Utilizing a training set environmental state space StrainTraining the agent:
the specific process of the step 4) is as follows:
41) adopting greedy strategy at current fault environment state s according to formula (5)tLower selection action atWherein the greedy policy is an epsilon-greedy policy of 0<ε<1, the method is used for balancing the utilization and exploration degree of the intelligent agent on the environment in the learning and training process. When the random number is smaller than epsilon, the random number indicates that one action is randomly selected from the action space, otherwise, the output Q(s) of the network Eval-Net is estimatedt,at(ii) a θ) selects the action corresponding to the maximum Q value.
42) Labels are marked on all samples in a training set, wherein the labels of the samples of the same fault type are the same, a reward return function of the intelligent agent is determined based on the sample occupation ratio of each label, and the specific reward return function is shown as a formula (6).
Wherein,the number of samples of the i-th type fault label,to be in a fault environment state stAction a by greedy policytNumber of samples of the corresponding trouble ticket, ltIs an environmental state stFault labels corresponding to the samples, K being the number of fault types of the transformer, each fault type corresponding to an action aiAnd when the current diagnosis result is correct, returning a positive reward value, otherwise, returning a negative penalty value.
43) From the training set environmental state space StrainRandomly selecting a fault environment state as a next time state st+1And apply the empirical data et=(st,at,rt,st+1) Save to experience pool D (D ═ { e }1,e2,…enH), wherein the state transition probability P(s)t+1|st,at) Determined and uniformly distributed.
44) In each round of T fault diagnosis processes, the state s at the next moment is obtainedt+1As the current environmental state stAnd repeating the steps 41) to 43), and calculating the accuracy of fault judgment of each round.
45) Training network model parameters, specifically, sampling and extracting k empirical data in an empirical pool D at random, calculating the mean square loss L (theta) of the current Q value and the Target Q value and the gradient of the mean square loss L (theta) and the gradient of the Target Q value according to the formula (7) and the formula (8), updating the parameters of the estimated network Eval-Net by using a gradient descent method, and copying the parameters of the estimated network Eval-Net into a Target network Target-Net every C training rounds.
L(θ)=Ε[(TargetQ-Q(st,at;θ))2] (7)
Where u (D) represents random uniform sampling in the experience pool D.
46) And repeating the steps 41) to 45) until a preset training turn is reached, wherein in the training process, parameters of the estimation network Eval-Net with the highest accuracy are stored by comparing the accuracy of fault judgment of each turn, so as to complete the training of the intelligent agent, and thus the sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent is obtained.
5) Utilizing test set environmental state space StestTesting the sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent;
the specific process of the step 5) is as follows:
test set environment state space StestThe fault environment state in the sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent is input into the sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent, and the accuracy of the fault diagnosis result is further compared to verify the effectiveness of the sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent.
6) Acquiring a sound vibration signal of the transformer to be diagnosed;
7) and inputting the sound vibration signal of the transformer to be diagnosed into a sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent, and carrying out sound vibration fault identification through the sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent according to the sound vibration signal to obtain a sound vibration fault diagnosis result of the transformer to be diagnosed.
It should be noted that the invention constructs the sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent based on the deep reinforcement learning technology, and avoids the problems of complex artificial feature extraction and poor fault diagnosis precision, so as to improve the fault diagnosis precision.
Meanwhile, the intelligent agent is constructed based on a deep Q double-network model structure, the nonlinear mapping relation between the sound vibration signal and the fault type is established by utilizing the estimation network and the target network in the multilayer sensing mechanism model construction structure, and the action of state selection of the estimation network at the next moment is adopted when the target Q value for updating the network parameters is calculated, so that the problem of over-high estimation of the Q value is avoided.
In addition, aiming at the problem that fewer-sample fault diagnosis accuracy is low due to unbalance of sound vibration signal fault samples collected on site, the reward return function of the intelligent agent is determined based on the sample occupation ratio of each label, so that fewer-sample faults obtain high return values, and the diagnosis accuracy is improved.
Example two
Referring to fig. 3, the sound vibration fault diagnosis system of the transformer according to the present invention includes:
the acquisition module 1 is used for acquiring a sound vibration signal of the transformer to be diagnosed;
the diagnosis module 2 is used for inputting the sound vibration signal of the transformer to be diagnosed into a sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent, and performing sound vibration fault identification according to the sound vibration signal through the sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent to obtain a sound vibration fault diagnosis result of the transformer to be diagnosed; the intelligent body for diagnosing the sound vibration fault is obtained by training a sound vibration signal sample in a deep reinforcement learning mode.
Further, the sound vibration fault diagnosis system of the transformer further comprises:
the acquisition module 3 is used for acquiring sound vibration signals of the transformer in various fault states and dividing the acquired sound vibration signals of the transformer in various fault states into a training sample set and a test sample set;
the building module 4 is used for building an agent;
and the training test module 5 is used for training the intelligent agent through the training sample set and testing the trained intelligent agent through the test sample set to obtain the sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent.
Further, the training test module includes:
the design module 51 is configured to label a fault label for each sample in the training sample set, where the fault labels of the samples of the same fault type are the same; determining a reward return function of the agent based on the sample proportion of each fault label;
and the calculating module 52 is configured to train the agent through the training sample set based on the reward return function of the agent, and test the trained agent through the test sample set to obtain the sound vibration fault diagnosis agent.
All relevant contents of each step related to the embodiment of the transformer sound vibration fault diagnosis method may be cited to the functional description of the functional module corresponding to the transformer sound vibration fault diagnosis system in the embodiment of the present application, and are not described herein again.
The division of the modules in the embodiments of the present application is schematic, and is only a logical function division, and in actual implementation, there may be another division manner, and in addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated in one processor, or may exist alone physically, or two or more modules are integrated in one module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode.
EXAMPLE III
A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the transformer sound vibration fault diagnosis method when executing the computer program, wherein the memory may comprise a memory, such as a high speed random access memory, or may further comprise a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk memory, etc.; the processor, the network interface and the memory are connected with each other through an internal bus, wherein the internal bus can be an industrial standard system structure bus, a peripheral component interconnection standard bus, an extended industrial standard structure bus and the like, and the bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus and the like. The memory is used for storing programs, and particularly, the programs can comprise program codes which comprise computer operation instructions. The memory may include both memory and non-volatile storage and provides instructions and data to the processor.
Example four
A computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which when executed by a processor implements the steps of the transformer vibro-acoustic fault diagnosis method, in particular the computer readable storage medium comprises but is not limited to e.g. volatile and/or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or cache memory (cache), among others. The non-volatile memory may include a Read Only Memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, optical disk, magnetic disk, and the like.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A transformer sound vibration fault diagnosis method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a sound vibration signal of the transformer to be diagnosed;
inputting the sound vibration signal of the transformer to be diagnosed into a sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent, and carrying out sound vibration fault identification through the sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent according to the sound vibration signal to obtain a sound vibration fault diagnosis result of the transformer to be diagnosed; the intelligent body for diagnosing the sound vibration fault is obtained by training a sound vibration signal sample in a deep reinforcement learning mode.
2. The method for diagnosing the sound vibration fault of the transformer according to claim 1, wherein before the step of inputting the sound vibration signal of the transformer to be diagnosed into the intelligent agent for diagnosing the sound vibration fault, the method further comprises the following steps:
collecting sound vibration signals of a transformer in various fault states, and dividing the collected sound vibration signals of the transformer in various fault states into a training sample set and a test sample set;
constructing an intelligent agent;
and training the intelligent agent through the training sample set, and testing the trained intelligent agent through the test sample set to obtain the sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent.
3. The sound-vibration fault diagnosis method for the transformer according to claim 2, wherein the specific process of constructing the intelligent agent is as follows: and establishing an agent based on the deep Q dual-network model structure.
4. The transformer sound vibration fault diagnosis method according to claim 3, wherein the deep Q dual-network model comprises an estimation network Eval-Net and a Target network Target-Net, and the estimation network Eval-Net and the Target network Target-Net are both multilayer perceptrons and have consistent network structures.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the training of the agent is performed through the training sample set, and the testing of the agent after training is performed through the testing sample set, and the specific process of obtaining the agent for diagnosing the acoustic vibration fault is as follows:
marking a fault label for each sample in the training sample set, wherein the fault labels of the samples of the same fault type are the same;
determining a reward return function of the agent based on the sample proportion of each fault label;
and training the intelligent agent through the training sample set based on the reward return function of the intelligent agent, and testing the trained intelligent agent through the test sample set to obtain the sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent.
6. The transformer sound vibration fault diagnosis method according to claim 5, wherein the reward return function is:
wherein,the number of samples of the i-th type fault label,to be in a fault environment state stAction a by greedy policytNumber of samples of the corresponding trouble ticket, ltIs an environmental state stFault labels corresponding to the samples, K being the number of fault types of the transformer, each fault type corresponding to an action ai。
7. The transformer sound vibration fault diagnosis method according to claim 5, wherein the training of the agent through the training sample set comprises: and calculating the current Q value by using the estimation network Eval-Net, calculating the Target Q value by using the Target network Target-Net according to the action selected by the estimation network Eval-Net in the state at the next moment, and training the parameters in the intelligent body by using the Target Q value and the current Q value to obtain the sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent body.
8. A transformer sound vibration fault diagnosis system is characterized by comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a sound vibration signal of the transformer to be diagnosed;
the diagnosis module is used for inputting the sound vibration signal of the transformer to be diagnosed into a sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent, and performing sound vibration fault identification according to the sound vibration signal through the sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent to obtain a sound vibration fault diagnosis result of the transformer to be diagnosed; the sound vibration fault diagnosis intelligent agent is obtained by training sound vibration signal samples in a deep reinforcement learning mode.
9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the transformer vibro-acoustic fault diagnosis method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the transformer sound vibration fault diagnosis method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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CN115392293A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-11-25 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司昆明局 | Transformer fault monitoring method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
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