CN114578130A

CN114578130A - Electric quantity calibration method and related device

Info

Publication number: CN114578130A
Application number: CN202111679260.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李晓靖; 周海滨
Original assignee: Honor Device Co Ltd
Current assignee: Honor Device Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-30
Filing date: 2021-12-31
Publication date: 2022-06-03

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides an electric quantity calibration method and a related device. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring working parameters of the battery, wherein the working parameters comprise a first working current and a first working voltage; obtaining a target current according to the first working current and the plurality of second working currents; wherein the plurality of second operating currents are: obtaining a plurality of working currents in a preset time period before the first working current obtaining time, wherein the target current is associated with the average value of the first working current and the plurality of second working currents; and when the target current is less than or equal to the preset current, obtaining the calibrated electric quantity based on the working voltage and a pre-stored SOC-OCV curve under the preset current, wherein the preset current is related to the working current of the battery under the standby scene. Therefore, the SOC-OCV curve under the preset current enables the terminal equipment to easily meet the requirements of OCV calibration, the frequency of electric quantity calibration is improved, and the accuracy of electric quantity display is improved.

Description

Electric quantity calibration method and related device

The present application claims priority of chinese patent application filed on 30/11/2021 under the name "electricity calibration method and related apparatus" by the chinese intellectual property office of china, application No. 202111450742.0, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of terminal technologies, and in particular, to a method and a related apparatus for calibrating power.

Background

With the development of terminal technology, terminal devices are increasingly used. The terminal device is typically configured with a battery, and power is provided to the terminal device based on the battery to maintain operation of the terminal device. The remaining capacity of the battery is usually displayed in a display screen of the terminal device, so that a user can know the capacity use condition of the battery in the terminal device in time.

However, during the use of the terminal device, the displayed remaining power may be inaccurate, and then abnormal shutdown occurs or the remaining power may not reach 100%.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides an electric quantity calibration method and a related device, so that terminal equipment can easily meet the requirement of electric quantity calibration, the frequency of electric quantity calibration of the terminal equipment is improved, and the accuracy of electric quantity display is improved.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electric quantity calibration method, where the method includes: acquiring working parameters of the battery, wherein the working parameters comprise a first working current and a working voltage; obtaining a target current according to the first working current and the plurality of second working currents; wherein the second operating current is: obtaining a plurality of working currents in a preset time period before the first working current obtaining time, wherein the target current is associated with the average value of the first working current and the plurality of second working currents; and when the target current is less than or equal to the preset current, obtaining the calibrated electric quantity based on the working voltage and a pre-stored SOC-open circuit voltage OCV curve under the preset current, wherein the preset current is related to the working current of the battery under a standby scene.

Therefore, the terminal equipment can easily meet the requirement of OCV calibration through the SOC-OCV curve under the preset current, the frequency of the OCV calibration of the fuel gauge is improved, and the accuracy of power display is improved. In addition, the introduction of errors in OCV calibration is reduced, and the accuracy of electric quantity calculation under small current is improved.

Alternatively, the SOC-OCV curve is: and recording the state of charge and the open-circuit voltage by the terminal equipment in the process of discharging the battery from the charging cut-off voltage to the discharging cut-off voltage by preset current.

Optionally, the current value of the preset current is greater than 20mA and less than or equal to 200 mA.

Optionally, the preset time period is greater than or equal to 30 minutes.

Therefore, the terminal equipment can be calibrated in a stable state of the battery so as to reduce calibration errors.

Optionally, obtaining the target current according to the first working current and the plurality of second working currents includes: and averaging based on the first working current and the plurality of second working currents to obtain the target current.

Optionally, obtaining a target current according to the first working current and the plurality of second working currents, includes: and averaging to obtain the target current based on the values of the first working current and the second working currents without the working currents which do not meet the preset condition.

The preset condition is that the discrete value is small. It can be understood that the target current is more accurate by averaging the working currents with larger errors.

Optionally, the operating parameters further include: a battery temperature; when the target current is less than or equal to the preset current, obtaining the calibrated electric quantity based on the working voltage and a pre-stored SOC-OCV curve under the preset current comprises: the method comprises the following steps: when the target current is less than or equal to the preset current, determining whether the battery temperature is in a preset interval; and when the temperature of the battery is within a preset interval, obtaining the calibrated electric quantity based on the working voltage and the SOC-OCV curve.

Therefore, the terminal equipment can reduce the influence of temperature on electric quantity calibration, improve the measurement precision of working voltage and/or working current, reduce errors and enable the electric quantity calibration to be more accurate.

Optionally, the preset interval is 10 ℃ -45 ℃.

Optionally, when the target current is less than or equal to the preset current, obtaining the calibrated electric quantity based on the operating voltage and a pre-stored SOC-OCV curve under the preset current includes: the method comprises the following steps: when the target current is less than or equal to the preset current, determining whether the working voltage is in a voltage-dense area, wherein the voltage-dense area is a voltage interval corresponding to the condition that the voltage change slope in the SOC-OCV curve is less than a preset threshold value; and when the working voltage is in the voltage dense region, obtaining the calibrated electric quantity based on the working voltage and the SOC-OCV curve.

Therefore, the terminal equipment can reduce the influence of the test error of the working voltage and/or the working current on the electric quantity calibration, so that the electric quantity calibration is more accurate.

Optionally, the operating parameters further include: the temperature of the battery; when the target current is less than or equal to the preset current, obtaining the calibrated electric quantity based on the working voltage and a pre-stored SOC-OCV curve under the preset current comprises: when the target current is less than or equal to the preset current, determining whether the temperature of the battery is in a preset interval and determining whether the working voltage is in a voltage-dense area; the voltage concentration area is a voltage interval corresponding to the state that the voltage change slope in the SOC-OCV curve is smaller than a preset threshold value; and when the temperature of the battery is within a preset interval and the working voltage is in a voltage dense area, obtaining the calibrated electric quantity based on the working voltage and the SOC-OCV curve.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal device, where the terminal device may be: a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a Mobile Internet Device (MID), or a wearable device.

The terminal device includes: a processor and a memory; the memory stores computer-executable instructions; the processor executes the computer executable instructions stored by the memory to cause the terminal device to perform the method of the first aspect described above.

The beneficial effects of the terminal device provided in the second aspect and the possible designs of the second aspect may refer to the beneficial effects brought by the possible structures of the first aspect and the first aspect, and are not described herein again.

In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program or instructions are stored, and when the computer program or instructions are executed, the method of the first aspect is implemented.

The advantages of the computer-readable storage medium provided in the third aspect and in each possible design of the third aspect may refer to the advantages brought by each possible structure of the first aspect and the first aspect, and are not described herein again.

In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product, which includes a computer program or instructions, and when the computer program or instructions are executed by a processor, the method of the first aspect is implemented.

The beneficial effects of the computer program product provided in the fourth aspect and in each possible design of the fourth aspect may refer to the beneficial effects brought by each possible structure of the first aspect and the first aspect, and are not described herein again.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an application scenario provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic interface diagram displayed by a display screen in a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a comparison of interfaces with or without background program execution in one possible implementation;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of a battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the open-circuit voltage and the operating voltage at different currents according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an SOC-OCV curve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a modeling process of an SOC-OCV curve at a preset current according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a flow of an electricity meter calibration method according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In the embodiments of the present application, terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish the same or similar items having substantially the same function and action. For example, the first device and the second device are only used for distinguishing different devices, and the sequence order thereof is not limited. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the terms "first," "second," and the like do not denote any order or importance, but rather the terms "first," "second," and the like do not denote any order or importance.

It is noted that, in the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to mean exemplary, illustrative, or descriptive. Any embodiment or design described herein as "exemplary" or "e.g.," is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, use of the word "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present concepts related in a concrete fashion.

It is understood that the term "plurality" herein refers to two or more. The term "and/or" herein is merely an association describing an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B, may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.

It is to be understood that the various numerical references referred to in the embodiments of the present application are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

It should be understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes do not mean the execution sequence, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiment of the present application.

The electric quantity calibration method provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to terminal equipment with a battery. A terminal device may also be referred to as a terminal (terminal), User Equipment (UE), Mobile Terminal (MT), etc. The terminal device may be a mobile phone (mobile phone), a smart tv, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses, etc.), a tablet (Pad), a computer with wireless transceiving function, a Virtual Reality (VR) terminal device, an Augmented Reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal in industrial control (industrial control), a wireless terminal in self-driving (self-driving), a wireless terminal in remote surgery (remote medical supply), a wireless terminal in smart grid (smart grid), a wireless terminal in transportation safety (transportation safety), a wireless terminal in smart city (smart city), a wireless terminal in smart home (smart home), etc.

In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the terminal device may also be a terminal device in an internet of things (IoT) system, where IoT is an important component of future information technology development, and a main technical feature of the present application is to connect an article with a network through a communication technology, so as to implement an intelligent network with interconnected human-computer and interconnected objects.

The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific technology and the specific device form adopted by the terminal device.

In order to better understand the embodiments of the present application, the following describes the structure of the terminal device according to the embodiments of the present application:

fig. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a terminal device 100. The terminal device may include: a Radio Frequency (RF) circuit 110, a memory 120, an input unit 130, a display unit 140, a sensor 150, an audio circuit 160, a wireless fidelity (WiFi) module 170, a processor 180, a power supply 190, and a bluetooth module 1100.

It is to be understood that the illustrated structure of the embodiment of the present application does not constitute a specific limitation to the terminal device 100. In other embodiments of the present application, terminal device 100 may include more or fewer components than shown, or some components may be combined, some components may be split, or a different arrangement of components. The illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

The RF circuit 110 may be used for receiving and transmitting signals during information transmission and reception or during a call, and in particular, receives downlink information of a base station and then processes the received downlink information to the processor 180; in addition, the data for designing uplink is transmitted to the base station. Typically, the RF circuit includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, at least one amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA), a duplexer, and the like.

The memory 120 may be used to store software programs and modules, and the processor 180 executes various functional applications and data processing of the terminal device by operating the software programs and modules stored in the memory 120. The memory 120 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, an application program (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.) required by at least one function, a boot loader (boot loader), and the like; the storage data area may store data (such as audio data, a phonebook, etc.) created according to the use of the terminal device, and the like. Further, the memory 120 may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device. It is understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, the memory 120 stores a program for the bluetooth device to connect back.

The input unit 130 may be used to receive input numeric or character information and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the terminal device. Specifically, the input unit 130 may include a touch panel 131 and other input devices 132. The touch panel 131, also referred to as a touch screen, may collect touch operations of a user on or near the touch panel 131 (e.g., operations of the user on or near the touch panel 131 using any suitable object or accessory such as a finger or a stylus pen), and drive the corresponding connection device according to a preset program. In particular, other input devices 132 may include, but are not limited to, one or more of a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control keys, switch keys, etc.), a trackball, a mouse, a joystick, and the like.

The display unit 140 may be used to display information input by a user or information provided to the user and various menus of the terminal device. The display unit 140 also displays the remaining capacity of the battery in the power supply 190. The display unit 140 may include a display panel 141, and optionally, the display panel 141 may be configured in the form of a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), or the like. Further, the touch panel 131 can cover the display panel 141, and when the touch panel 131 detects a touch operation on or near the touch panel 131, the touch operation is transmitted to the processor 180 to determine the type of the touch event, and then the processor 180 provides a corresponding visual output on the display panel 141 according to the type of the touch event. Although in fig. 1, the touch panel 131 and the display panel 141 are two independent components to implement the input and output functions of the terminal device, in some embodiments, the touch panel 131 and the display panel 141 may be integrated to implement the input and output functions of the terminal device.

The terminal device may also include at least one sensor 150, such as a light sensor, motion sensor, and other sensors. As for other sensors such as a gyroscope, a barometer, a hygrometer, a thermometer, and an infrared sensor, which can be configured in the terminal device, detailed description is omitted here.

Audio circuitry 160, speaker 161, and microphone 162 may provide an audio interface between the user and the terminal device. The audio circuit 160 may transmit the electrical signal converted from the received audio data to the speaker 161, and convert the electrical signal into a sound signal for output by the speaker 161; on the other hand, the microphone 162 converts the collected sound signal into an electric signal, converts the electric signal into audio data after being received by the audio circuit 160, and outputs the audio data to the processor 180 for processing, and then transmits the audio data to, for example, another terminal device via the RF circuit 110, or outputs the audio data to the memory 120 for further processing.

WiFi belongs to a short-distance wireless transmission technology, and the terminal device can help a user to send and receive e-mails, browse webpages, access streaming media and the like through the WiFi module 170, and provides wireless broadband internet access for the user. Although fig. 1 shows the WiFi module 170, it is understood that it does not belong to the essential constitution of the terminal device, and may be omitted entirely as needed within the scope not changing the essence of the invention.

The processor 180 is a control center of the terminal device, connects various parts of the entire terminal device using various interfaces and lines, and performs various functions of the terminal device and processes data by running or executing software programs or modules stored in the memory 120 and calling data stored in the memory 120, thereby integrally monitoring the terminal device. Alternatively, processor 180 may include one or more processing units; preferably, the processor 180 may integrate an application processor, which mainly handles operating systems, user interfaces, application programs, etc., and a modem processor, which mainly handles wireless communications. It will be appreciated that the modem processor described above may not be integrated into the processor 180.

The terminal device further includes a power supply 190 (such as a battery) for supplying power to each component, and the power supply 190 may be logically connected to the processor 180 through a power management module 191, so as to implement functions of managing charging, discharging, and power consumption through the power management module 191.

The power management module 191 is used to connect the power supply 190 with the processor 180. The power management module 191 may receive an input from a power supply 190 to power the processor 180, the memory 120, the display unit 140, the RF circuitry 110, and the like. The power management module 191 may also be used to monitor parameters such as battery capacity, battery cycle count, battery state of health (leakage, impedance), etc. In other embodiments, the power management module 191 may also be disposed in the processor 180.

The power management module 191 includes an electricity meter, which is used to monitor the operating parameters (current, battery temperature, voltage, etc.) of the battery and obtain the remaining capacity of the battery based on the operating parameters and a pre-stored SOC-OCV curve.

The bluetooth technology belongs to short distance wireless transmission technology, and terminal equipment can establish bluetooth connection with other terminal equipment that possess bluetooth module through bluetooth module 1100 to data transmission carries out based on the bluetooth communication link. The bluetooth module 1100 may be Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) or a module according to actual needs. It is understood that the bluetooth module does not belong to the essential components of the terminal device and may be omitted entirely as needed within the scope of not changing the essence of the invention, for example, the bluetooth module may not be included in the server.

Although not shown, the terminal device may further include a camera. Optionally, the position of the camera on the terminal device may be front-located, rear-located, or built-in (the camera body may be extended when in use), which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

With the continuous development of terminal technology, the application of terminal equipment is more and more extensive. The battery is used as an important component in the terminal device, and users often pay more attention to the electric quantity condition of the battery. Correspondingly, for the convenience of timely learning of the battery power using condition of the mobile terminal by a user, the terminal equipment can monitor the residual power of the battery in real time and display the residual power of the battery on a display screen.

Exemplarily, fig. 2 is a schematic interface diagram of a display screen display in a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, a power identifier 201 of the battery is displayed in the upper right corner of the interface of the display screen, and the power identifier 201 is used for indicating the remaining power of the battery.

It will be appreciated that the interface of the display screen typically indicates the remaining charge of the battery by the state of charge (charge) of the battery. The power identifier 201 may be in the form of a percentage or a picture. The electric quantity identifier 201 can also be displayed at the lower right corner of the interface of the display screen, and the embodiment of the application does not limit the position and the form of the electric quantity identifier 201.

It should be noted that, the terminal device usually calculates the remaining capacity of the battery based on the operating parameters of the battery. Specifically, the terminal device integrates the current value of the battery with respect to time to obtain the remaining capacity of the battery.

However, an operation parameter (for example, a current value) of the battery detected by the fuel gauge in the terminal device has an error due to the production process. This causes a deviation between the current value of the battery detected by the fuel gauge and the actual current value of the battery, and an error occurs in calculating the remaining capacity of the battery. With the increase of time, the electric quantity error is accumulated in the use process of the terminal equipment, the residual electric quantity displayed by the terminal equipment is inaccurate, and the phenomenon of electric quantity jump or abnormal shutdown may occur.

For example, when the remaining power of the battery is less than 1%, the remaining power displayed by the terminal device may be 5%, and the terminal device may be powered off due to the insufficient battery power, so that the user may consider the terminal device to be powered off abnormally. Alternatively, the terminal device may display a remaining capacity of 98% when the remaining capacity of the battery is 100%, resulting in that the user continues to charge the terminal device and cannot be fully charged for a long time.

In a possible implementation, the fuel gauge corrects the remaining capacity of the battery in the terminal device based on a state of charge (SOC) -Open Circuit Voltage (OCV) curve at a very small current. It is understood that the cell is nearly in steady state at very small currents. The SOC-OCV curve at very low currents may also be referred to as an unloaded SOC-OCV curve.

The implementation mode is as follows: and when the current of the battery is the minimum current, the terminal equipment substitutes the measured working voltage of the battery into the SOC-OCV curve to carry out OCV calibration, and the calibrated residual capacity is obtained. However, the trigger conditions for this approach are relatively harsh. In the operation process of the terminal equipment, the condition of extremely small current is difficult to achieve, so that the terminal equipment cannot carry out OCV calibration for a long time, the error of the residual electric quantity of the battery is large, and the error of the electric quantity displayed by the terminal equipment is large.

For example, in the standby scenario of the terminal device, the current of the battery is small, and the current is usually less than 200 mA. Taking the current threshold of OCV calibration as 20mA as an example, when the terminal device is off screen and no background application program runs, the current of the battery may be less than 20mA, and OCV calibration may be triggered.

However, in the case where the information screen display function of the terminal device is turned on and/or an application program is running in the background, the current of the battery may be greater than 20mA and the OCV calibration cannot be triggered. When the terminal device is in a standby state, one or more background application programs (for example, WeChat, wireless and the like) are generally operated, or a message screen display function is started, so that the OCV calibration condition is hardly satisfied when the terminal device is rarely in a message screen and no background program is operated.

For example, fig. 3 is a comparison diagram of interfaces with or without background program execution in a possible implementation. The user can inquire whether the background runs the application programs, the running number of the application programs, and the like. As shown in a in fig. 3, when the background does not run the application, no application is displayed in the interface of the terminal device. As shown in b in fig. 3, when the application program runs in the background, one or more application programs 301 are displayed on the interface of the terminal device. In the case that the terminal device is off screen and three applications are running in the background, the current value is 75 mA. The information screen display function can start the condition that no background application program runs, and the current value is 70 mA.

In the second implementation manner, in order to reduce the current condition of OCV calibration, the fuel gauge calculates the open-circuit voltage of the battery based on the working voltage of the battery detected under low current and the corresponding current value, and substitutes the open-circuit voltage into the SOC-OCV curve to perform OCV calibration, so as to obtain the calibrated electric quantity. In this way, the open circuit voltage of the battery satisfies the formula: OCV ═ U + IR. Wherein U is the working voltage of the battery, and I is the average current of the battery for a period of time; and R is the internal resistance of the battery under the extremely small current.

However, the internal resistances of the batteries are different under different currents, the value of R is inaccurate, the calculated open-circuit voltage is inaccurate, and further the electric quantity of the battery is inaccurate. In addition, the value of I detected by the fuel gauge under low current may have errors, so that the calculated open-circuit voltage is inaccurate, the electric quantity of the battery is inaccurate, and the error is large.

In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides an electric quantity calibration method, which stores an SOC-OCV curve under a corresponding current for a current value of a battery in a standby scene. The terminal device can perform OCV calibration on the battery capacity in a standby scenario (e.g., a rest screen display, one or more application programs running in the background, etc.) based on a pre-stored SOC-OCV curve at a small current, and perform display based on the calibration value.

Like this, reduce the terminal equipment and reach the condition of OCV calibration for terminal equipment can carry out the OCV calibration comparatively easily, improves the frequency of fuel gauge OCV calibration, and improves the degree of accuracy that the electric quantity shows. In addition, compared with the second implementation mode, the error introduced in the OCV calibration is reduced, and the accuracy of electric quantity calculation under small current is further improved.

For convenience of understanding, the following description is provided for the related concepts related to the embodiments of the present application.

1. Open Circuit Voltage (OCV): the cell is in a reversible equilibrium state with a difference in equilibrium electrode potential between the positive and negative electrodes. It is generally understood that open circuit voltage refers to the voltage across the cell at steady state. Illustratively, the cell has been left to stabilize against polarization effects after a long period of standing after charging or discharging.

It should be noted that the open circuit voltage of the battery is not affected by the charging current and the discharging current, and is independent of the geometry and the size of the battery. The open circuit voltage of a battery depends on the properties of the positive and negative electrode materials of the battery, the electrolyte, the temperature, and the like.

2. Polarization: when current is passed through the electrodes, the electrodes will deviate from the equilibrium electrode potential, creating polarization. Polarization can be classified into ohmic polarization, concentration polarization, and electrochemical polarization according to the cause of polarization generation.

3. Ohmic polarization: polarization caused by the resistance of the cell connecting the parts. The voltage drop value of ohmic polarization follows ohm's law, the current is reduced, and ohmic polarization is reduced; the current stops and ohmic polarization stops.

4. Electrochemical polarization: polarization caused by the slowness of the electrochemical reaction at the surface of the electrode. As the current becomes smaller, the electrochemical polarization decreases significantly in the order of microseconds. Electrochemical polarization may also be referred to as activation polarization.

5. Concentration polarization: because of the slow property of the ion diffusion process in the solution, the concentration difference between the surface of the electrode and the bulk of the solution is caused under a certain current, and further polarization is generated. Concentration polarization decreases or disappears on a macroscopic second scale (seconds to tens of seconds) as the current decreases.

Illustratively, the battery in the terminal device may be equivalent to the circuit shown in fig. 4. The circuit comprises: resistance R0, resistance R1, resistance R2, electric capacity C1 and electric capacity C2.

When current flows, ohmic polarization is generated by the resistor R0, and electrochemical reaction polarization is generated by the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1; the resistance R2 and the capacitance C2 produce concentration polarization.

The resistance of the resistor R0 does not change substantially with the change of the current magnitude, and the polarization voltage value follows ohm's law. R1 and C1 can generate electrochemical reaction polarization; r2 and C2 together bring about concentration polarization. Both electrochemical polarization and concentration polarization increase significantly with decreasing temperature and both increase significantly with increasing current.

For example, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a switching voltage and an operating voltage at different currents according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, the magnitude of the open circuit voltage is unchanged; the polarization of the cell increases with increasing current. The operating voltage decreases with increasing current. The open circuit voltage is the sum of the working voltage and concentration polarization, activation polarization and ohmic polarization under the same current.

It can be understood that the polarization impedance is strongly correlated with the current magnitude, and the greater the current value is, the more obvious the polarization tendency of the battery is, and the greater the voltage difference between the operating voltage and the open circuit voltage is. In a low current scenario, the effect of polarization impedance is not significant. For example, in a terminal device such as a mobile phone, the internal resistance of a battery is about 100 milliohms; the difference between the operating voltage and the OCV is about 10 millivolts (mV) at a current of 100 milliamps (mA).

6. Charge cut-off voltage: during a predetermined constant current charging period, the battery reaches a voltage at which it is in a fully charged state. The charge cutoff voltage may also be referred to as a charge termination voltage.

7. Discharge cutoff voltage: when the battery is discharged, the voltage drops to the lowest working voltage value at which the battery is not suitable for further discharging.

It is understood that the discharge cutoff voltage is a load voltage of the battery at the time of discharge termination specified by the manufacturer. The discharge cutoff voltage of a battery specified by a manufacturer is also different depending on different battery types, different discharge conditions, requirements for the capacity of the battery, and requirements for the life of the battery. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

8. State of charge (SOC): the ratio of the amount of electricity that the battery can actually provide to the amount of electricity that can be provided when fully charged. SOC may also be referred to as charge.

9. SOC-OCV curve: and a curve for calibrating the charge of the battery. SOC is the charge of the battery, and OCV is the open circuit voltage. The SOC-OCV curve may be divided into two parts, one part being a dense region and the other part being a non-dense region. The dense area refers to an interval corresponding to the SOC-OCV curve when the voltage change slope is smaller than a preset threshold, and the dense area may also be referred to as a voltage plateau area. The non-dense region refers to a corresponding region when the voltage change slope in the SOC-OCV curve is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value. The non-dense region may also be referred to as a non-voltage plateau region.

Illustratively, the preset threshold may be 0.6. The preset threshold is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an SOC-OCV curve provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 6, the charge amount SOC of the battery decreases as the open-circuit voltage OCV decreases. The charge is 100% when the open circuit voltage of the battery is 4.2 volts (V). When the open circuit voltage of the battery is 2.8V, the charge amount is 0%.

As can be seen from fig. 6, when the open circuit voltage changes from 3.65V to 3.3V, the slope of the SOC-OCV curve is small and the change of the charge amount is gentle. Therefore, 3.65V-3.3V is a voltage plateau region, which can also be called a dense region. 4.2V-3.65V and 3.3V-2.8V are non-voltage plateau regions, which can also be called non-dense regions.

According to the electricity meter calibration method provided by the embodiment of the application, the terminal equipment needs to store the SOC-OCV curve under the low current in advance so as to facilitate subsequent OCV calibration. The flow of modeling the SOC-OCV curve at a small current referred to in the embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to fig. 7.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a modeling flow of an SOC-OCV curve at a preset current according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 7, the process includes:

and S701, discharging a certain current until the voltage of the battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage.

In the embodiment of the present application, the certain current may be 200 milliamperes (mA) or any other value, which is not limited herein.

In the embodiment of the present application, the discharge cutoff voltage is the minimum discharge voltage specified by the battery manufacturer. The discharge cutoff voltage may be different or the same for different types of batteries. Illustratively, the discharge cutoff voltage may be 2.5V when the battery is a lithium iron phosphate battery; when the battery is a lithium cobalt oxide battery, a lithium manganate battery, a lithium nickel cobalt manganate battery or a lithium nickel cobalt aluminate battery, the discharge cut-off voltage may be 2.75V. The voltage value of the discharge cut-off voltage is not limited here.

S702, standing for a period of time.

It will be appreciated that the cell can be left to settle after a period of time to remove the effects of polarization. The reason for standing here is to allow the cell to reach a steady state, improving the accuracy of the OCV test.

In the embodiment of the present application, the period of time may be 30 minutes (min), or may be 35min, or even longer. And are not limited herein.

And S703, charging the battery to a charge cut-off voltage.

In the embodiment of the present application, the charge cut-off voltage is the highest charge voltage specified by the battery manufacturer. The charge cutoff voltage may be different or the same for different types of batteries. For example, when the battery is a lithium iron phosphate battery, the charge cut-off voltage may be 3.65V; when the battery is a lithium cobalt oxide battery, a lithium manganese oxide battery, a lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide battery or a lithium nickel cobalt aluminate battery, the charge cut-off voltage may be 4.2V. The voltage value of the charge cut-off voltage is not limited here.

And S704, standing for a period of time.

It will be appreciated that the cell can be left to settle after a period of time to remove the effects of polarization. The rest period of time here is to allow the cell to reach steady state, improving the accuracy of the OCV test.

S705, discharging the preset current until the battery voltage is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage, and obtaining an SOC-OCV curve of the preset current.

In the embodiment of the present application, the preset current is a threshold value of a small current specified by a battery manufacturer. The preset current may be 50mA or 100 mA. The preset current is related to the current in the standby scene of the terminal device. The preset current can be a current value corresponding to the terminal device when the terminal device displays the screen, or a current value corresponding to the terminal device when the terminal device displays the screen and one or more application programs run in the background. The value range of the preset current can be 20mA-200 mA. The value of the preset current is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

In a possible implementation manner, after executing S705 to obtain the SOC-OCV curve, the terminal device executes S702-S705 for multiple times to obtain multiple SOC-OCV curves under the preset current, and calculates an average value of OCV pairs for the same SOC in the multiple SOC-OCV curves under the preset current to obtain a final SOC-OCV curve under the preset current.

It should be noted that, the polarization impedance of the battery in the standby scenario has a small influence on the voltage, and the OCV-SOC curve under the preset current can accurately calibrate the battery capacity. Illustratively, the no-load OCV-SOC curve for a lithium battery corresponds to a non-voltage-dense region with an OCV differential pressure of about 10mV per 1% charge. And the difference between the working voltage and the actual OCV of the lithium battery is about 10mV under the current of 200 mA. Therefore, the OCV-SOC curve obtained under the current of 200mA can be applied to the terminal device for OCV calibration.

The following description will be made with reference to a specific voltage difference value at a small current. For example, table 1 shows the voltage difference between the operating voltage and the open circuit voltage of the lithium battery at different currents.

TABLE 1 differential pressure between the operating voltage and open circuit voltage of lithium batteries at low currents

Working current (mA)	50	60	70	80	90	100
							Pressure difference value (mV)	2.5	3.0	3.5	4	4.5	5

As can be seen from Table 1, the difference between the operating voltage and the open circuit voltage of the lithium battery at a current of 50mA was 2.5 mV. The difference between the working voltage and the open-circuit voltage of the lithium battery is 3.0mV under the current of 60 mA. The difference between the working voltage and the open-circuit voltage of the lithium battery is 2.5mV under the current of 70 mA. Therefore, when the preset current is 50-100mA, the SOC-OCV curve at the preset current can be used for the OCV calibration of the terminal device.

The following describes an implementation flow of the electricity meter calibration method with reference to fig. 8. Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a flow of an electricity meter calibration method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 8, the method includes:

and S801, acquiring the working parameters of the battery by the fuel gauge.

In the embodiment of the application, the working parameter is used for indicating the working state of the battery. The operating parameters may include: operating current, battery temperature or operating voltage, etc.

S802, the electricity meter judges whether the target current is smaller than or equal to the preset current or not, and the target current is used for reflecting the average condition of the working current in the preset time period.

In the embodiment of the present application, the preset time period may be 30min, 35min, or even longer. And are not limited herein. The preset time period is a time period before the electricity meter last acquires the working current. It is understood that the target current is associated with an average value of the operating current for a preset period of time.

In the embodiment of the application, the preset current is determined based on the working current in the standby scene of the terminal device. For example, the preset current may be a working current of the battery corresponding to the on-screen display function in the standby scene; or the working current of the corresponding battery when one or more application programs run in the background during screen refreshing.

It will be appreciated that different terminal devices may have different preset currents. The preset current may be 50mA or 100 mA. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific value of the preset current. Optionally, the current value of the preset current is greater than 20mA and less than or equal to 200 mA.

It will be appreciated that if the last acquired operating current was the first operating current. The electricity meter obtains a target current according to the first working current and the working current in a preset time period; wherein, the working current in the preset time period is as follows: and the target current is used for reflecting the average condition of the first working current and the working current in the preset time period.

In a possible implementation manner, the electricity meter can obtain the target current by sampling the working current of the battery in real time and calculating the average value of the working current collected in a preset time period.

Illustratively, the target current may be an average current. For example, the average current may be calculated by the first operating current and the operating current for a preset time period. Illustratively, with the first operating current as Xn, the operating currents in the preset time period are X1, X2, …, Xn-1, respectively, and the average current is (X1+ X2+ … + Xn) ÷ n.

In a possible implementation manner, the electricity meter can calculate the average value after removing the working current value with a large error.

It is understood that when the target current is less than or equal to the preset current, the battery reaches the current condition in the OCV calibration, and enters the subsequent OCV calibration. When the target current is larger than the preset current, the battery does not reach the current condition in the OCV calibration, the OCV calibration is not carried out, and integration is carried out based on the working current to obtain the electric quantity displayed by the display screen.

The electricity meter can also remove the current with larger error in the working current in the preset time period, and then calculate the average value to obtain the target current. The calculation method of the target current is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

S803, the fuel gauge judges whether the battery temperature is in a preset interval.

In the embodiment of the present application, the preset range may be 10 degrees celsius (° c) -45 ℃. The preset interval can also be 5-40 ℃. The specific value of the preset interval is not limited in the embodiment of the application.

It should be noted that temperature may affect polarization impedance of the battery, and the polarization internal resistance of the battery is large in a low-temperature environment, and a certain error may be introduced into OCV calibration in the low-temperature environment, so the OCV calibration needs to be performed at a temperature higher than the first temperature. The influence of the polarization internal resistance of the battery in the high-temperature environment is small, but the working voltage and/or working current obtained by the fuel gauge in the high-temperature environment has large error, the precision of the working voltage and/or working current is low, and the OCV calibration is inaccurate. Therefore, the OCV needs to be calibrated to be lower than the second temperature. The values of the first temperature and the second temperature are not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The second temperature is greater than the first temperature.

It can be understood that, when the battery temperature is not in the preset interval, the OCV calibration is not performed, and the electric quantity displayed by the display screen is obtained by integrating based on the working current. And when the battery temperature is in a preset interval, entering subsequent OCV calibration.

It is understood that S803 is an optional step. The terminal device may or may not execute S803.

S804, the fuel gauge judges whether the working voltage of the battery is in a voltage-dense area.

It should be noted that, in the voltage-dense region, the slope of the SOC-OCV curve is small, the SOC variation is small, and there may be an error in performing OCV calibration in this region. Illustratively, taking the voltage-dense region of a lithium-ion battery as an example, the voltage difference (voltage difference) of the corresponding OCV is about 1 to 5mV for every 1% of electric quantity difference. The pressure difference is small, and if the OCV is calibrated, the electric quantity may have errors.

In the embodiment of the application, the voltage dense area can be 3.65V-3.8V. For example, when the battery is a lithium iron phosphate battery, the voltage-dense region may be 3.1V to 3.3V; when the battery is a cobalt acid lithium battery, a lithium manganate battery, a nickel cobalt lithium manganate battery or a nickel cobalt lithium aluminate battery, the voltage-dense region may be 3.6V to 3.8V. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific range of the voltage-dense region.

It is understood that S804 is an optional step. The terminal device may or may not perform S804. In addition, the execution sequence of S802, S803, and S804 is not limited in this embodiment of the application. The terminal device may execute in the order of S802-S804, or may execute in the order of S802, S804, and S803.

And S805, when the target current is smaller than or equal to the preset current, performing OCV calibration based on a pre-stored SOC-OCV curve under the preset current to obtain a calibration SOC.

It is understood that when the terminal device performs S803, S805 is to perform OCV calibration based on a pre-stored SOC-OCV curve at a preset current to obtain a calibrated SOC when the target current is less than or equal to the preset current and the battery temperature is within a preset interval.

When the terminal device executes S804, S805 is to perform OCV calibration based on a pre-stored SOC-OCV curve under the preset current to obtain a calibration SOC when the target current is less than or equal to the preset current and the operating voltage is not in the voltage dense region. In a possible implementation, the SOC-OCV curve is stored in the terminal device in the form of discrete points. Illustratively, the terminal device stores 100 discrete points, and the 100 discrete points respectively correspond to 100 different values in the SOC-OCV curve. For example, the 1 st discrete point may correspond to (3.8V, 100%), the 100 th discrete point may correspond to (2.75V, 0%), and so on.

It is understood that when the operating voltage measured by the terminal device at a small current corresponds to the voltage value in the discrete point, the SOC is obtained as the SOC value in the discrete point. Illustratively, when the operating voltage of the terminal device measured at a small current is 3.8V, the SOC is 100% corresponding to the first discrete point. And when the working voltage measured by the terminal equipment under the low current does not correspond to the discrete points, obtaining the SOC value according to the two discrete points with the closest voltage values. Illustratively, the SOC values obtained from the two closest discrete points are averaged to obtain the calibrated electrical quantity.

In a possible implementation, the discrete points are stored in the terminal device in the form of a look-up table. The number of discrete points and the storage form of the SOC-OCV curve are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

And S806, when the target current of the battery is larger than the preset current, or the temperature of the battery is not in a preset interval, or the working voltage of the battery is in a voltage intensive area, not performing OCV calibration.

In a possible implementation manner, the electric quantity displayed by the display screen is obtained by integrating based on the working current.

In summary, the terminal device is based on the previously stored SOC-OCV curve at a small current, so that the terminal device can perform OCV calibration on the battery capacity in a standby scene (e.g., rest screen display), and perform capacity display based on the calibration value. Thus, the condition of OCV calibration is reduced, the frequency of power calibration is increased, and the accuracy of power display is increased. In addition, parameters such as internal resistance values are not introduced, so that the introduction of errors can be reduced, and the accuracy of electric quantity display is further improved.

On the basis of the above embodiment, in a possible implementation manner, the terminal device may store SOC-OCV curves at a plurality of different preset currents, and perform OCV calibration according to the SOC-OCV curve corresponding to the preset current to which the working current is closest.

Illustratively, the terminal device stores a SOC-OCV curve corresponding to 50mA, a SOC-OCV curve corresponding to 70mA, and a SOC-OCV curve corresponding to 90 mA. When the working current of the terminal equipment is 55mA, the terminal equipment carries out OCV calibration according to an SOC-OCV curve corresponding to 50 mA; and when the working current of the terminal equipment is 65mA, the terminal equipment carries out OCV calibration according to an SOC-OCV curve corresponding to 70 mA.

On the basis of the above embodiment, after the electricity meter obtains the calibration SOC, the terminal device may obtain the electricity value displayed by the display screen based on a certain smoothing method and the calibration SOC. Thus, the jump of the power displayed by the terminal equipment can be reduced.

For example, in the case that the interface of the display screen displays 33% of power, and the calibrated SOC is 30% based on the pre-stored SOC-OCV curve, the value of the power displayed on the display screen is slowly corrected from 33% to 30%. The electric quantity displayed by the terminal equipment can be 33% -32% -31% -30% according to the sequence of events, so that jump of 33% -30% can be reduced, and user experience is improved.

It will be appreciated that there are a number of smoothing methods. In a possible implementation manner, the smoothing method may be to correct the electric quantity according to time. Illustratively, a 1% charge per minute correction. For example, in the case that the electric quantity displayed on the interface of the display screen is 33%, and the calibrated SOC is 30% based on the pre-stored SOC-OCV curve, the electric quantity displayed on the display screen may be corrected and displayed to be 32%; after one minute, the correction shows 31%; after two minutes, the correction showed 30%.

In a possible implementation manner, the smoothing method may be to correct the electric quantity according to the magnitude of the current. Illustratively, at a current of 200mA, 1% of the charge is corrected per minute. At a current of 400mA, 2% of the electricity is corrected per minute. The embodiment of the application does not limit the adjustment mode of the electric quantity displayed by the display screen.

The embodiment of the application also provides the terminal equipment. The terminal device includes: a processor and a memory; the memory stores computer-executable instructions; the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored by the memory, causing the processor to perform the above-described method. The terminal device provided in the embodiment of the present application is used for executing the electricity meter calibration method in the above embodiment, and the technical principle and the technical effect are similar, and are not described herein again. The embodiment of the application also provides a computer readable storage medium. The methods described in the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media may include computer storage media and communication media, and may include any medium that can communicate a computer program from one place to another. A storage medium may be any target medium that can be accessed by a computer.

In one possible implementation, a computer-readable medium may include RAM, ROM, a compact disk-read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, includes disc, laser disc, optical disc, Digital Versatile Disc (DVD), floppy disk and blu-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

Embodiments of the present application are described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processing unit of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processing unit of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

The above embodiments are only for illustrating the embodiments of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made on the basis of the embodiments of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calibrating power, comprising:

acquiring working parameters of a battery, wherein the working parameters comprise a first working current and a working voltage;

obtaining a target current according to the first working current and a plurality of second working currents; wherein the plurality of second operating currents are: a plurality of working currents obtained within a preset time period before the first working current obtaining time, the target current being associated with an average value of the first working current and the plurality of second working currents;

when the target current is smaller than or equal to a preset current, obtaining a calibrated electric quantity based on the working voltage and a pre-stored SOC-OCV curve under the preset current; the preset current is related to the working current of the battery in a standby scene.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the SOC-OCV curve is: and the terminal equipment records the state of charge and the open-circuit voltage in the process of discharging the battery from the charging cut-off voltage to the discharging cut-off voltage by the preset current.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the current value of the preset current is greater than 20mA and less than or equal to 200 mA.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the preset time period is greater than or equal to 30 minutes.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein obtaining a target current from the first operating current and the plurality of second operating currents comprises:

and averaging the first working current and the plurality of second working currents to obtain the target current.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein obtaining a target current from the first operating current and the plurality of second operating currents comprises:

and calculating an average value based on the values of the first working current and the plurality of second working currents without the working currents which do not meet the preset condition, so as to obtain the target current.

7. The method of any of claims 1-6, wherein the operating parameters further comprise: a battery temperature;

when the target current is less than or equal to a preset current, obtaining the calibrated electric quantity based on the working voltage and a pre-stored SOC-open circuit voltage OCV curve under the preset current comprises: when the target current is less than or equal to the preset current, determining whether the battery temperature is within a preset interval;

and when the battery temperature is within the preset interval, obtaining the calibrated electric quantity based on the working voltage and the SOC-OCV curve.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that said preset interval is comprised between 10 ℃ and 45 ℃.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the obtaining a calibrated charge based on the operating voltage and a pre-stored SOC-OCV curve at a preset current when the target current is less than or equal to the preset current comprises:

when the target current is less than or equal to a preset current, determining whether the working voltage is in a voltage-dense area, wherein the voltage-dense area is a voltage interval corresponding to the situation that the voltage change slope in the SOC-OCV curve is less than a preset threshold value;

and when the working voltage is in the voltage dense region, obtaining the calibrated electric quantity based on the working voltage and the SOC-OCV curve.

10. The method of any of claims 1-6, wherein the operating parameters further comprise: a battery temperature;

when the target current is less than or equal to a preset current, obtaining the calibrated electric quantity based on the working voltage and a pre-stored SOC-open circuit voltage OCV curve under the preset current comprises: when the target current is less than or equal to the preset current, determining whether the battery temperature is in a preset interval and determining whether the working voltage is in a voltage-dense area; the voltage concentration area is a voltage interval corresponding to the state that the voltage change slope in the SOC-OCV curve is smaller than a preset threshold value;

when the battery temperature is in the preset interval and the working voltage is in when the voltage is dense, the electric quantity after calibration is obtained based on the working voltage and the SOC-OCV curve.

11. A terminal device, comprising: a processor and a memory;

the memory stores computer-executable instructions;

the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored by the memory to cause the terminal device to perform the method of any one of claims 1-10.

12. A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program or instructions are stored which, when executed, implement the method of any one of claims 1-10.

13. A computer program product comprising a computer program or instructions, characterized in that the computer program or instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the method according to any of claims 1-10.