CN114577750A - Carbon-containing gas detection system, method, apparatus, and computer-readable storage medium - Google Patents
Carbon-containing gas detection system, method, apparatus, and computer-readable storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/359—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using near infrared light
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- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
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Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon-containing gas detection system, a method, equipment and a computer readable storage medium, wherein the carbon-containing gas detection system comprises a data acquisition module, an aerosol module and a data processing module; the data acquisition module comprises a telescope and a near infrared spectrometer; the telescope is used for converging sunlight and transmitting the sunlight to the near-infrared spectrometer, and the near-infrared spectrometer is used for splitting the sunlight and converging the split sunlight on the detector and obtaining an actually measured spectrum corresponding to the sunlight; the aerosol module is used for synchronously measuring aerosol optical parameters of a plurality of wave bands; the data processing module is used for inputting the optical parameters of the aerosol and the actually measured spectrum into a preset radiation transmission model, simulating a gas normalization column weight function and a solar normalization simulation spectrum through the radiation transmission model, and inverting the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas according to the gas normalization column weight function and the solar normalization simulation spectrum. The method can improve the accuracy of the inversion result of the carbon-containing gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of detection of carbon-containing gas in atmosphere, in particular to a carbon-containing gas detection system, method, equipment and computer readable storage medium.
Background
Carbon cycle is one of the most important physical systems on earth, and its response to increased levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and global warming is one of the factors contributing to the future climate. During the past 200 years, humans have disturbed this natural cycle by burning fossil fuels, felling forests, and industrially producing cement, lime, and ammonia, adding relatively little but considerable carbon to the atmosphere. Therefore, the emission of the carbon-containing gas in the atmosphere and the emission reduction effect can be effectively evaluated by monitoring the carbon-containing gas in the atmosphere, and the important strategic deployment of carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization is realized. In recent years, the monitoring of the carbon-containing gas mainly depends on a satellite-borne near-infrared high-spectrum analyzer, a foundation Fourier infrared spectrometer, a foundation remote sensing infrared spectrometer and the like, and the carbon-containing gas is observed through an infrared band. However, the inversion of the gas in the near infrared region is very susceptible to the existence of aerosol, so that the accuracy of the inversion result is low when the carbon-containing gas is inverted only by a near infrared high-spectrum analyzer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a carbon-containing gas detection system, a carbon-containing gas detection method, carbon-containing gas detection equipment and a computer readable storage medium, and aims to solve the technical problem that the inversion result of carbon-containing gas is low in accuracy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a carbon-containing gas detection system for detecting carbon-containing gas, which comprises a data acquisition module, an aerosol module and a data processing module;
the data acquisition module comprises a telescope and a near-infrared spectrometer, and the telescope is connected with the near-infrared spectrometer; the telescope is used for converging sunlight and transmitting the sunlight to the near-infrared spectrometer, and the near-infrared spectrometer is used for splitting the sunlight and converging the split sunlight on a detector and obtaining an actually measured spectrum corresponding to the sunlight;
the aerosol module is used for synchronously measuring aerosol optical parameters of a plurality of wave bands;
the data processing module is respectively connected with the data acquisition module and the aerosol module, and is used for inputting the optical parameters of the aerosol and the measured spectrum into a preset radiation transmission model, simulating a gas normalization column weight function and a solar normalization simulation spectrum through the radiation transmission model, and inverting the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas according to the gas normalization column weight function and the solar normalization simulation spectrum.
Optionally, the data acquisition module further includes a solar tracker, a long-pass filter and an optical fiber, the solar tracker is used for automatically tracking the sun, the telescope is fixed on a support frame of the solar tracker, the long-pass filter is installed at the front end of the telescope, the long-pass filter is sealed on a body of the telescope through an O-ring, and a convex lens is installed at the rear end of the long-pass filter; the long-pass filter is used for filtering sunlight; the convex lens is used for focusing the filtered sunlight on the end of the optical fiber, and the optical fiber is used for transmitting the sunlight to the near-infrared spectrometer.
Optionally, the data acquisition module further comprises a transmission line, and the transmission line is used for inputting the measured spectrum to the data storage control module.
Optionally, the carbonaceous gas detection system further comprises an auxiliary measurement module;
the auxiliary measuring module comprises a temperature and humidity pressure sensor, a raindrop sensor and a camera; the temperature and humidity pressure sensor and the raindrop sensor are fixed on a support frame of the solar tracker, and the camera is placed in parallel with the telescope;
the temperature and humidity pressure sensor is used for recording temperature and humidity pressure, the raindrop sensor is used for detecting whether rainfall occurs, and the camera is used for recording weather conditions during observation.
Optionally, the carbonaceous gas detection system further comprises a data storage control module;
the data storage control module comprises a controller; the controller is used for storing the measured spectrum and the aerosol optical parameters;
the controller is also used for controlling the data acquisition module and the aerosol module to automatically work.
In addition, the present invention also provides a carbon-containing gas detection method including:
acquiring observed geometric parameters, atmospheric standard profile and aerosol optical parameters;
inputting the geometric parameters, the atmospheric standard profile and the aerosol optical parameters into a preset radiation transmission model for simulation to obtain a gas normalization column weight function and a solar normalization simulation spectrum;
and inverting the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas according to the gas normalized column weight function and the sun normalized simulation spectrum.
Optionally, the step of inverting the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas according to the gas normalized column weight function and the sun normalized simulation spectrum comprises:
acquiring an actually measured spectrum;
fitting the measured spectrum and the solar normalized simulation spectrum according to a gas normalized column weight function, and iterating to obtain a target simulation spectrum;
and calculating a vertical profile calibration factor of the target carbon-containing gas according to the target simulation spectrum, and inverting the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas according to the vertical profile calibration factor.
Optionally, the step of fitting the measured spectrum and the solar normalized simulated spectrum by a gas normalized column weight function, and iterating out a target simulated spectrum includes:
and carrying out low-pass filtering on the actually measured spectrum to remove broadband absorption and noise in the actually measured spectrum.
In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a carbon-containing gas detection apparatus including a memory, a processor, and a carbon-containing gas detection program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the carbon-containing gas detection program implementing the steps of the carbon-containing gas detection method as described above when executed by the processor.
Further, to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a carbon-containing gas detection program which, when executed by a processor, realizes the steps of the carbon-containing gas detection method as described above.
The invention provides a carbon-containing gas detection system, a method, equipment and a computer readable storage medium, which comprises the steps of firstly obtaining observed geometric parameters, atmospheric standard profile and aerosol optical parameters, inputting the geometric parameters, the atmospheric standard profile and the aerosol optical parameters into a preset radiation transmission model for simulation to obtain a gas normalization column weight function and a solar normalization simulation spectrum, the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas is inverted according to the gas normalized column weight function and the sun normalized simulation spectrum, compared with the method only depending on a satellite-borne near-infrared high spectrum analyzer, by observing the carbon-containing gas in an infrared wave band, the invention can detect the concentration of the vertical column of the carbon-containing gas, the method and the device have the advantages that the optical parameters of the atmospheric aerosol are measured, the accuracy of the inversion result of the carbon-containing gas is improved, and the influence of the optical parameters of the aerosol is considered, so that the accuracy of the inversion result is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first configuration of the carbon-containing gas detection system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second configuration of a carbon-containing gas detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of modules involved in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus of a hardware operating environment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a first embodiment of the method for detecting a carbon-containing gas according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of data inversion involved in the carbonaceous gas detection method of the present invention;
FIG. 7 shows CO2And (5) observing a result graph.
The reference numbers illustrate:
the implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In recent years, the monitoring of carbon-containing gases has been a challenging observation, in the case of carbon dioxide, which mixes well in the atmosphere due to its long lifetime, and the column concentration of carbon dioxide has only half the variability at the surface with daily fluctuations rarely exceeding 1ppmv, requiring very high accuracy measurements. And the monitoring aiming at carbon-containing gases such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane and the like mainly depends on a ground-based or satellite-borne near-infrared high spectrum analyzer. These carbonaceous gases have characteristic absorption in the near infrared and the near infrared is less sensitive to temperature and water vapor. Therefore, the carbonaceous gas is generally observed using a near infrared band. However, the inversion of the gas in the near infrared region is very easily influenced by the existence of the aerosol, and particularly, the concentration of various aerosols is higher based on the characteristics of the current atmospheric combined pollution in China. Research has shown that the aerosol can affect the inversion result of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and methane by 10%. At present, even considering the influence of aerosol, the adopted ground-based near infrared high-light spectrum analyzer generally uses fixed aerosol optical parameters in an inherent model, which is far from the actual aerosol optical parameters. Inversion errors caused by aerosol greatly limit the detection precision of the near-infrared high-spectrum analyzer on carbon-containing gases such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and methane.
The invention provides a carbon-containing gas detection system, in a first embodiment of the carbon-containing gas detection system, referring to fig. 1, a carbon-containing gas detection system 004 comprises a data acquisition module 001, an aerosol module 003 and a data processing module 002, wherein the data acquisition module 001 comprises a telescope 2 and a near-infrared spectrometer 9, specifically referring to fig. 2, the telescope 2 is connected with the near-infrared spectrometer 9 through an optical fiber 8, the telescope 2 is used for gathering sunlight and transmitting the sunlight to the near-infrared spectrometer 9, and the near-infrared spectrometer 9 is used for splitting the sunlight and gathering the sunlight on a detector and obtaining an actually measured spectrum corresponding to the sunlight; in this embodiment, the telescope 2 collects direct sunlight, the telescope 2 is connected with the near-infrared spectrometer 9 through the optical fiber 8, the sunlight can be transmitted to the near-infrared spectrometer 9 through the optical fiber 8, the sunlight is split by the near-infrared spectrometer 9 and then collected on the detector, an a/D conversion is performed to obtain an actual measurement spectrum corresponding to the sunlight, the actual measurement spectrum corresponding to the sunlight is actual measurement spectrum data corresponding to the sunlight absorbed by near-infrared gas in the atmosphere, the sunlight can be absorbed by the near-infrared gas when passing through the atmosphere, the telescope 2 receives the absorbed sunlight and transmits the sunlight to the near-infrared spectrometer 9, the near-infrared spectrometer 9 splits and converts the sunlight to obtain the actual measurement spectrum, and the actual measurement spectrum can be light intensity data distributed according to wave bands. Because the light intensity of entering of near-infrared spectrometer 9 needs to reach certain intensity, just can have sufficient SNR to carry out the beam split, adopt telescope 2 to receive the sunlight of penetrating directly in this embodiment, compare in adopting the scattering formula to receive the sunlight, the light intensity of entering that this embodiment adopted the sunlight of penetrating directly is enough big, exposure time is short, can reach the exposure requirement of near-infrared spectrometer 9 fast, the instrument integration time of near-infrared spectrometer 9 has effectively been shortened, can correspond the near-infrared spectrometer 9 of selecting different models to the detection of different gases, can change different near-infrared spectrometer 9 through simple plug mode.
Further, since the aerosol can scatter light, it can also absorb light. Aerosol scattering can shorten the photon path length, resulting in an underestimation of the target gas column concentration, or, if ground albedo is high, can increase the photon path length, resulting in an overestimation of the target gas column concentration. In this embodiment, the carbonaceous gas detection system 004 includes an aerosol module 003, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the aerosol module 003 may employ a solar photometer 11, the solar photometer 11 is used for automatically aiming at the sun, measuring the radiance of the sun and the sky at different bands, different directions and different times of visible light and near infrared, and calculating the characteristic of the atmospheric aerosol component, i.e., the aerosol optical parameter, according to the radiance. The optical parameters of the aerosol in multiple wavelength bands, such as 340, 380, 440, 500, 675, 870, 936, 1020, 1640nm, are measured synchronously by the sunlight photometer 11, and in this embodiment, the optical parameters of the aerosol include optical thickness of the aerosol, asymmetry factor of the aerosol, and single-shot scattering rate, which are other parameters affecting the inversion result of the target carbon-containing gas. Aerosol optical parameters and actually measured spectrum are measured synchronously, in the embodiment, the aerosol optical parameters measured by the sunlight meter 11 are input into the preset radiation transmission model as prior information, in the embodiment, the influence of the aerosol on the measurement result of the carbon-containing gas is considered, the aerosol module 003 is added, the aerosol optical parameters in the atmosphere are measured synchronously while the actually measured spectrum is obtained, the actually measured aerosol optical parameters are input into the preset radiation transmission model, the accuracy of the preset radiation transmission model for simulating a gas normalization column weight function and a sun normalization simulation spectrum is improved, and therefore the overall detection precision of the carbon-containing gas detection system is improved.
Further, the carbonaceous gas detection system 004 further comprises a data processing module 002, the data processing module 002 is respectively connected with the data acquisition module 001 and the aerosol module 003, the data processing module 002 is used for inputting aerosol optical parameters and actual measurement spectra into a preset radiation transmission model, a gas normalization column weight function and a solar normalization simulation spectrum are simulated through the radiation transmission model, the vertical column concentration of target carbonaceous gas is inverted according to the gas normalization column weight function and the solar normalization simulation spectrum, and the target carbonaceous gas is any one of the carbonaceous gases such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and methane.
In this embodiment, the carbon-containing gas detection system has a simple structure, and can realize high-precision detection of the vertical column concentration of carbon-containing gases such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and methane by using the simple structure, thereby providing a high-precision direct-injection near-infrared high-resolution spectroscopy system. And the aerosol module 003 is added in the embodiment, the atmospheric aerosol optical parameters are synchronously measured along with the cooperative observation of the near-infrared high-resolution spectrum system, and the aerosol optical parameters measured by the sun photometer 11 are substituted into the inverted model, so that the inversion accuracy of the concentration of the vertical column of carbon-containing gases such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and methane is improved.
Further, based on the first embodiment of the carbon-containing gas detection system of the present invention, a second embodiment of the carbon-containing gas detection system is proposed, in this embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the data acquisition module 001 may further include a solar tracker 5, a long pass filter 1, an optical fiber 8, and a transmission line 10, the telescope 2 is fixed on a support frame of the solar tracker 5, the long pass filter 1 is installed at a front end of the telescope 2, in this embodiment, the long pass filter 1 may be sealed on a body of the telescope 2 through an O-ring, a convex lens is installed at a rear end of the long pass filter 1, the convex lens is used for focusing the filtered sunlight on a tip of the optical fiber 8, the solar tracker 5 in this embodiment may adopt a portable solar tracker 5 for automatically tracking the sun, and the telescope 2 is fixed on the support frame of the solar tracker, so that the telescope 2 automatically aligns with the sun following the solar tracker, in the embodiment, a long-pass filter 1 can be arranged at the front end of a telescope 2, the long-pass filter 1 is sealed on the body of the telescope 2 through an O-shaped ring, water leakage or fine dust can be prevented from entering, meanwhile, a convex lens is arranged at the rear end of the long-pass filter 1, and the long-pass filter 1 is used for filtering sunlight; the convex lens is used for focusing the filtered sunlight at the end of the optical fiber 8, and the optical fiber 8 is used for transmitting the sunlight to the near-infrared spectrometer 9. In this embodiment, before sunlight enters the telescope 2, the sunlight is filtered through the long pass filter 1 at the front end of the telescope 2, for example, visible light, ultraviolet light and the like except for near infrared light are filtered, the sunlight can be filtered according to actual requirements during specific implementation, and then the filtered sunlight is focused at the end of the optical fiber 8 through the convex lens at the rear end of the long pass filter 1, so that the filtered sunlight is transmitted to the near infrared spectrometer 9 through the optical fiber 8. Wherein, solar tracker, telescope 2, sunlight meter 11 arrange in outdoors, and data acquisition module 001 still includes transmission line 10, and transmission line 10 is used for inputing actual measurement spectral data to data storage control module 006, and the sun tracker 5 autotracks the sun, and the sunlight penetrates telescope 2 directly, and near-infrared spectrometer 9 works in the stack exposure mode, and the exposure time is according to the different automatic adjustment (usually for several seconds) of sunlight intensity, guarantees that the spectral light intensity who surveys has the signal-to-noise ratio of high enough.
In the embodiment, the carbon-containing gas detection system is simple in structure, and the telescope 2 automatically tracks the sun along with the sun tracker through the connection relationship between the sun tracker and the telescope 2, so that direct sunlight is obtained in real time, the integral time of the instrument is greatly shortened, and the time resolution is high.
Further, based on the first and second embodiments of the carbonaceous gas detection system of the invention, a third embodiment of the carbonaceous gas detection system is proposed.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the carbonaceous gas detection system 004 may further include an auxiliary measurement module 005, the auxiliary measurement module 005 includes a temperature and humidity pressure sensor, a raindrop sensor 4 and a camera 3, referring to fig. 2, the temperature and humidity pressure sensor and the raindrop sensor 4 are fixed on a support frame of the solar tracker 5, the camera 3 is placed in parallel with the telescope 2, so as to ensure that the fields of view between the camera 3 and the telescope 2 are the same, the temperature and humidity pressure sensor is used for recording temperature and humidity pressure, the raindrop sensor is used for detecting whether it rains, the camera 3 is used for recording weather conditions during observation, the weather conditions include cloudy weather conditions, haze weather conditions, sand dust weather conditions, sunny days and the like, pictures obtained by shooting with the camera 3, temperature and humidity pressure information recorded by the temperature and humidity pressure sensor, and rainfall information detected by the raindrop sensor are stored in the controller, so as to facilitate subsequent removal of large weather disturbance in inversion results, specifically, whether measurement is stopped or not is automatically judged through the information, for example, whether the current weather condition is the preset standard weather condition or not is judged according to the picture, the temperature, humidity and pressure information and the rainfall information, if the current weather condition is not the preset standard weather condition, the measurement is automatically stopped, and the preset standard weather condition is the weather condition which can be normally measured except the weather conditions of cloud, haze, dust and the like. Camera 3 is used for the record to observe current weather conditions, because when heavy to rainy day or cloud, the condition of the motion of photon route can be influenced to the raindrop in the atmosphere and the gas molecule of cloud the inside, thereby can't carry out accurate simulation through the model, can only get rid of the spectrum of cloud layer interference, if weather conditions is cloudy or haze, the weather conditions of the motion condition of influence photon route such as sand and dust, thereby can't simulate through the model and need not to invert under this weather conditions, then get rid of the data that the weather conditions of the motion condition of influence photon route corresponds, also be the automatic shutdown measurement. Wherein, temperature and humidity pressure sensor and raindrop sensor 4 and camera 3 all arrange in indoorly, and the gap department of outdoor instrument uses silica gel to seal, and is waterproof dustproof, as shown in fig. 2, the sunshine photometer 11, camera 3, temperature and humidity pressure and raindrop sensor 4, portable sun tracker 5 all connects through control line 6 and controller 7, and spectrum appearance 9 and controller 7 arrange homothermal indoor in, and the indoor set off-premises station passes through optic fibre 8 and control line 6 and links to each other. This embodiment has increased supplementary measuring module in carbonaceous gas detection system, and automatic shutdown measurement has improved carbonaceous gas detection system's intelligent degree under weather conditions such as rainy, cloudy, haze or sand and dust.
Further, the carbonaceous gas detection system 004 can also include a data storage control module 006, said data storage control module 006 including a controller 7; controller 7 is used for storing measured spectrum and aerosol optical parameter, the picture that obtains can also be shot to controller 7 storage camera 3, the warm and humid pressure information of warm and humid pressure sensor record, and the rainfall information that the raindrop sensor detected, controller 7 still is used for controlling data acquisition module 001 and aerosol module 003 automatic work, specifically, data storage control module 006 still includes control line 6, controller 7 controls data acquisition module 001 and aerosol module 003 automatic work through control line 6, controller 7 controls 11 automatic monitoring aerosol optical parameter of sun photometer, the measuring result is deposited in controller 7.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic device structure diagram of a hardware operating environment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The device of the embodiment of the invention can be a terminal device such as a Personal Computer (PC), a portable computer, a carbon-containing gas detection device and the like.
As shown in fig. 4, the carbon-containing gas detection apparatus may include: a processor 1001, such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a communication bus 1002, a user interface 1003, a network interface 1004, and a memory 1005. Wherein a communication bus 1002 is used to enable connective communication between these components. The user interface 1003 may include a Display screen (Display), an input unit such as a Keyboard (Keyboard), and the optional user interface 1003 may also include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface. The network interface 1004 may optionally include a standard wired interface, a WIreless interface (e.g., WIreless-FIdelity (WI-FI).) and the Memory 1005 may be a high-speed Random Access Memory (RAM) Memory, a Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) such as a disk Memory, or a storage device independent of the processor 1001.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the configuration shown in fig. 4 does not constitute a limitation of the device and may include more or fewer components than those shown, or some components may be combined, or a different arrangement of components.
As shown in fig. 4, a memory 1005, which is one type of computer storage medium, may include an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and a carbon-containing gas detection program therein.
In the device shown in fig. 4, the network interface 1004 is mainly used for connecting to a backend server and performing data communication with the backend server; the user interface 1003 is mainly used for connecting a client (user side) and performing data communication with the client; and the processor 1001 may be configured to call the screen projection control program stored in the memory 1005 and perform the following operations:
acquiring observed geometric parameters, atmospheric standard profile and aerosol optical parameters;
inputting the geometric parameters, the atmospheric standard profile and the aerosol optical parameters into a preset radiation transmission model for simulation to obtain a gas normalization column weight function and a solar normalization simulation spectrum;
and inverting the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas according to the gas normalized column weight function and the sun normalized simulation spectrum.
The invention also provides a carbon-containing gas detection method, and referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a first embodiment of the carbon-containing gas detection method of the invention.
In this embodiment, the carbon-containing gas detection method includes:
step S10, acquiring observed geometric parameters, atmospheric standard profile and aerosol optical parameters;
in this embodiment, first, observed geometric parameters, an atmospheric standard profile and aerosol optical parameters are obtained to set parameters in a preset radiation transmission model, wherein the observed geometric parameters are determined according to a position set up by the carbonaceous gas detection system 004, the observed geometric parameters include parameters such as longitude, latitude, altitude, spectral resolution, solar zenith angle, observation azimuth angle, relative azimuth angle and truncation, and the spectral resolution is determined by the near-infrared spectrometer 9; the atmospheric standard profile comprises parameters such as a temperature and humidity pressure profile, a Voigt linear function and prior gas provided by an HITRAN spectral database, and a carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane and other prior gas vertical profiles simulated in an atmospheric quality mode in real time. In the past near infrared gas inversion, only a single us atmospheric standard profile (USS76) proposed in 1976 was used for prior information of target carbon-containing gas at any location around the world. However, for inversion of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and methane, the USS76 configuration file is outdated and not accurate enough, and the inversion accuracy can be further improved by using the prior gas vertical profiles of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane and the like simulated in real time in the atmospheric quality mode in the embodiment; the aerosol parameters are parameters such as the optical thickness of the aerosol, the asymmetric factor of the aerosol, and the single scattering rate observed by the solar photometer 11, and in this embodiment, the parameters further include related setting parameters for acquiring the master control file, and the related setting parameters are related to the hardware settings of the observation site and the near-infrared spectrometer 9, and include a waveband, a sampling interval, an integral mode, a linear function, and a ground surface albedo.
Step S20, inputting the geometric parameters, the atmospheric standard profile and the aerosol optical parameters into a preset radiation transmission model for simulation to obtain a gas normalization column weight function and a normalization simulation spectrum;
in this embodiment, the obtained geometric parameters, the atmospheric standard profile, the aerosol optical parameters and the related setting parameters are input as text files into a preset radiation transmission model for simulation, so as to obtain a gas normalization column weight function and a normalization simulation spectrum. All the obtained parameters are used as the input of the radiation transmission model, and the radiation transmission model with the set input parameters is operated to obtain an accurate gas normalization column weight function and a normalization simulation spectrum, wherein the gas normalization column weight function can be a normalization column weight function corresponding to each of a plurality of different gases. The preset radiation transmission model mainly simulates photon paths.
In this embodiment, the process of obtaining the gas normalization column weight function and the normalization simulation spectrum includes: firstly, gas interference analysis is carried out to find out that gas absorbed by fingerprints exists in an inversion waveband, carbon-containing gas and each interference gas are determined according to the gas absorbed by the fingerprints, column weight functions of target carbon-containing gas and each interference gas are calculated, specifically, the inversion waveband is determined, the target carbon-containing gas and the interference gas are determined according to the size characteristics of an absorption section in the inversion waveband, the column weight functions of the target carbon-containing gas and each interference gas are calculated, and the target carbon-containing gas is carbon-containing gas to be inverted, such as CO2，CO2Absorption in the 1064-1068 nm band where interfering gases other than carbon dioxide may be present, such as methane having a weak absorption peak in this band, where methane needs to be removed, and the absorption cross-section has a size such as to invert CO2Then find CO2The inversion is carried out at the position where the absorption of the wave band is most obvious, and the position with a smaller absorption section is removed according to the absorption characteristics, wherein the gas absorbed by the fingerprint means that the absorption of each gas in each wave band is fixed and different. In this embodiment, the influence of the interfering gas other than the target carbon-containing gas in the inversion waveband is eliminated, and the interfering gas other than the target carbon-containing gas is removed, so that the accuracy of the inversion result of the target carbon-containing gas is further improved.
Step S30, inverting the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas according to the gas normalized column weight function and the normalized simulation spectrum;
in this embodiment, the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas is inverted according to the gas normalized column weight function and the normalized simulated spectrum, specifically, the measured spectrum, the reference spectrum, the instrument function and the spectrometer bias are obtained, parameters such as the measured spectrum, the reference spectrum, the instrument function and the spectrometer bias are input before inversion, the measured spectrum and the solar normalized simulated spectrum are fitted through least squares, the target simulated spectrum is iterated continuously until the measured spectrum is optimally fitted, the optimal fitting is that the difference between the measured spectrum and the simulated spectrum is minimal, the vertical profile calibration factor of the target carbon-containing gas is calculated, thereby inversely displaying the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas, wherein the reference spectrum is a simulated spectrum without any absorption, the solar normalized simulated spectrum can be a reference spectrum, and the instrument function is calibrated at the time of factory shipment, the sunlight has certain loss in the process of entering the near-infrared spectrometer 9, the light intensity after loss can be obtained by convolving the light intensity of the entering light with the instrument function, and in the embodiment, the light intensity loss of the sunlight is considered, so that a more accurate inversion result is obtained.
In this embodiment, the atmospheric aerosol optical parameters are synchronously measured by the solar photometer 11, and the radiation transmission model is set according to the aerosol optical parameters, so that the accuracy of the normalized column weight function and the solar normalized simulation spectrum of each gas simulated by the radiation transmission model is improved to a certain extent, and the inversion accuracy of the concentration of the vertical column of carbon-containing gases such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and methane is further improved.
Further, in step S30, the step of refining the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas by inverting the normalized column weight function and the normalized simulated spectrum according to the gas normalized column weight function includes:
step A, acquiring an actually measured spectrum;
b, fitting the actually measured spectrum and the solar normalized simulation spectrum according to a gas normalized column weight function, and iterating to obtain a target simulation spectrum;
and C, calculating a vertical profile calibration factor of the target carbon-containing gas according to the target simulation spectrum, and inverting the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas according to the vertical profile calibration factor.
In this embodiment, the actual measurement spectrum is obtained, specifically, the actual measurement spectrum is obtained after sunlight is absorbed by near-infrared gas in the atmosphere, and the process of transmitting the sunlight to the near-infrared spectrometer 9 may be as follows: the sunlight is absorbed by near infrared gas when passing through the atmosphere, receives the direct sunlight, filters light except the near infrared light, performs light splitting and A/D conversion treatment on the sunlight to obtain measured spectrum data, then fitting the measured spectrum and the solar normalized simulated spectrum through a gas normalized column weight function, iterating to obtain a target simulated spectrum, wherein the target simulated spectrum is the simulated spectrum with the minimum difference between the measured spectrum and the simulated spectrum in the fitting process, and calculating a vertical profile calibration factor of the target carbon-containing gas according to the target simulation spectrum, inverting the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas according to the vertical profile calibration factor, further dividing the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas by the dry air column concentration to obtain the dry air mole fraction of the target carbon-containing gas, and observing the concentration of the target carbon-containing gas in the atmosphere according to the dry air mole fraction. Calling a least square fitting function, continuously fitting the obtained actual measurement spectrum and the obtained normalized simulation spectrum, and fitting the actual measurement spectrum and the simulation spectrum by using least square in a near infrared spectrum inversion algorithm, wherein the expression is as follows:
in the formula
Is the measured spectrum at the wavelength lambda,
is an analog spectrum at a wavelength lambda,
is an analog quantity in a prior state,
a column weight function for each atmospheric parameter, i being a different gas, a target carbon-containing gas or an interfering gas, Pλ(a) Is a low-order polynomial influenced by broadband absorption, namely the slow change of absorption of aerosol or cloud in the embodiment, xiλIs an error term. Vtrue、
V is the concentration of the real target carbon-containing gas column, the concentration of the simulated target carbon-containing gas column and the concentration of the inversion target carbon-containing gas column respectively. And fitting the measured spectrum, the slow change influence, the error and the accurate normalized simulated spectrum with the gas normalized column weight function to obtain an accurate inversion result.
Further, in the step B, fitting the measured spectrum and the solar normalized simulation spectrum by using a gas normalized column weight function, and the step of iterating the target simulation spectrum includes:
and b1, performing low-pass filtering on the measured spectrum, and removing broadband absorption and noise in the measured spectrum.
In the application, before a target simulation spectrum is iterated by fitting an actually measured spectrum and a simulation spectrum through least square, the actually measured spectrum is subjected to low-pass filtering processing, and components of the spectrum which changes slowly are removed, specifically, the absorption of macromolecules or stable molecules such as aerosol and cloud layers in the atmosphere to sunlight changes slowly along with the change of a wave band, and the absorption of carbon-containing gas changes rapidly, so that noise and/or broadband absorption exist, the broadband absorption and the noise in the actually measured spectrum are removed, and the waveform of the gas absorption is reserved. Referring to FIG. 7, FIG. 7 shows CO2Observation result diagram with ordinate XCO2The horizontal axis represents time unit of hour, pass throughThe method can be used to convert carbon-containing gas such as CO2The column concentration of (c). As shown in fig. 6, first, the optical parameters of the aerosol observed by the solar photometer 11, the geometric parameters of the aerosol observed, and the atmospheric standard profile provided by the HITRAN2016 and the atmospheric quality model are obtained, all the above parameters are input to the radiation transmission model, the normalized gas weight sections and the normalized simulated solar radiation spectrum are obtained through simulation of the radiation transmission model, and simultaneously, the measurement spectrum, the reference spectrum, the instrument function and the spectrometer bias are obtained, and the vertical column concentration of the target gas is obtained through least square fitting according to the measurement spectrum, the reference spectrum, the instrument function and the spectrometer bias, and the normalized gas weight sections and the normalized simulated solar radiation spectrum.
In the embodiment, observed geometric parameters, an atmospheric standard profile and aerosol optical parameters are obtained, the geometric parameters, the atmospheric standard profile and the aerosol optical parameters are input into a preset radiation transmission model for simulation to obtain a gas normalized column weight function and a solar normalized simulation spectrum, the vertical column concentration of target carbon-containing gas is inverted according to the gas normalized column weight function and the solar normalized simulation spectrum, the atmospheric aerosol optical parameters are measured while the vertical column concentration of the carbon-containing gas is detected, and the accuracy of the inversion result of the carbon-containing gas is improved.
The present invention also provides a carbon-containing gas detection apparatus, which is characterized by comprising a memory, a processor, and a carbon-containing gas detection program stored on the memory and operable on the processor, wherein the carbon-containing gas detection program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the carbon-containing gas detection method according to any one of the above embodiments. The specific embodiment of the carbon-containing gas detection apparatus of the present invention is substantially the same as the embodiments of the carbon-containing gas detection method described above, and will not be described herein again.
The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a carbon-containing gas detection program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the carbon-containing gas detection method according to any one of the above embodiments. The specific embodiment of the computer readable storage medium of the present invention is substantially the same as the embodiments of the carbon-containing gas detection method described above, and is not described herein again.
It is to be understood that throughout the description of the present specification, reference to the term "one embodiment", "another embodiment", "other embodiments", or "first through nth embodiments", etc., is intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or system that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or system that comprises the element.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that the method of the above embodiments can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better implementation manner. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium (e.g., ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) as described above and includes instructions for enabling a terminal device (e.g., a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device) to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present invention.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The carbon-containing gas detection system is characterized by comprising a data acquisition module, an aerosol module and a data processing module;
the data acquisition module comprises a telescope and a near-infrared spectrometer, and the telescope is connected with the near-infrared spectrometer; the telescope is used for converging sunlight and transmitting the sunlight to the near-infrared spectrometer, and the near-infrared spectrometer is used for splitting the sunlight and converging the split sunlight on a detector and obtaining an actually measured spectrum corresponding to the sunlight;
the aerosol module is used for synchronously measuring aerosol optical parameters of a plurality of wave bands;
the data processing module is respectively connected with the data acquisition module and the aerosol module, and is used for inputting the optical parameters of the aerosol and the measured spectrum into a preset radiation transmission model, simulating a gas normalization column weight function and a solar normalization simulation spectrum through the radiation transmission model, and inverting the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas according to the gas normalization column weight function and the solar normalization simulation spectrum.
2. The carbon-containing gas detection system according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition module further comprises a solar tracker for automatically tracking the sun, a long-pass filter and an optical fiber, the telescope is fixed on a support frame of the solar tracker, the long-pass filter is mounted at the front end of the telescope, the long-pass filter is sealed on a body of the telescope through an O-shaped ring, and a convex lens is mounted at the rear end of the long-pass filter; the long-pass filter is used for filtering sunlight; the convex lens is used for focusing the filtered sunlight on the end of the optical fiber, and the optical fiber is used for transmitting the sunlight to the near-infrared spectrometer.
3. The carbonaceous gas detection system of claim 2, wherein the data acquisition module further comprises a transmission line for inputting the measured spectrum to a data storage control module.
4. The carbonaceous gas detection system of claim 2, wherein the carbonaceous gas detection system further comprises an auxiliary measurement module;
the auxiliary measuring module comprises a temperature and humidity pressure sensor, a raindrop sensor and a camera; the temperature and humidity pressure sensor and the raindrop sensor are fixed on a support frame of the solar tracker, and the camera is arranged in parallel with the telescope;
the temperature and humidity pressure sensor is used for recording temperature and humidity pressure, the raindrop sensor is used for detecting whether rainfall occurs, and the camera is used for recording weather conditions during observation.
5. The carbonaceous gas detection system of claim 1, wherein the carbonaceous gas detection system further comprises a data storage control module;
the data storage control module comprises a controller; the controller is used for storing the measured spectrum and the aerosol optical parameters;
the controller is also used for controlling the data acquisition module and the aerosol module to automatically work.
6. A method for detecting a carbon-containing gas, comprising:
acquiring observed geometric parameters, atmospheric standard profile and aerosol optical parameters;
inputting the geometric parameters, the atmospheric standard profile and the aerosol optical parameters into a preset radiation transmission model for simulation to obtain a gas normalization column weight function and a solar normalization simulation spectrum;
and inverting the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas according to the gas normalized column weight function and the sun normalized simulation spectrum.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the step of inverting the vertical column concentration of the target carbonaceous gas from the gas normalized column weight function and the solar normalized simulated spectrum comprises:
acquiring an actually measured spectrum;
fitting the measured spectrum and the solar normalized simulation spectrum according to a gas normalized column weight function, and iterating to obtain a target simulation spectrum;
and calculating a vertical profile calibration factor of the target carbon-containing gas according to the target simulation spectrum, and inverting the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas according to the vertical profile calibration factor.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of fitting the measured spectrum and the solar normalized simulated spectrum with a gas normalized column weight function to iterate a target simulated spectrum comprises:
and carrying out low-pass filtering on the actually measured spectrum to remove broadband absorption and noise in the actually measured spectrum.
9. A carbonaceous gas detection apparatus comprising a memory, a processor, and a carbonaceous gas detection program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the carbonaceous gas detection program being configured to implement the steps of the carbonaceous gas detection method as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 8.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, having stored thereon a carbon-containing gas detection program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the carbon-containing gas detection method of any one of claims 6 to 8.
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