CN114577716A - Method for screening coal slime flotation collector molecular functional groups - Google Patents
Method for screening coal slime flotation collector molecular functional groups Download PDFInfo
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- CN114577716A CN114577716A CN202210159749.5A CN202210159749A CN114577716A CN 114577716 A CN114577716 A CN 114577716A CN 202210159749 A CN202210159749 A CN 202210159749A CN 114577716 A CN114577716 A CN 114577716A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/04—Measuring adhesive force between materials, e.g. of sealing tape, of coating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
- G01N2011/006—Determining flow properties indirectly by measuring other parameters of the system
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for screening a coal slime flotation collector molecular functional group, and belongs to the field of flotation reagent design. Preparing modified probes with different flotation reagent molecular functional groups through deposition, observing elastic deformation information generated in the process of inserting the modified probes into a measured coal sample through an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), deducing needle inserting force information of the modified probes in the needle inserting process according to the elastic deformation information, and collecting needle withdrawing force information corresponding to the modified probes to generate needle withdrawing force curves; and comparing the needle withdrawing force curve values of all the modified probes, wherein the larger the value is, the larger the adhesion force between the flotation collector molecular functional group on the modified probe and the coal sample is, and the larger the adhesion force is, the better the effect of the collector deposited on the modified probe is. The method has simple steps, high precision and intuition, and solves the problems of difficult screening of the molecular functional group of the efficient collecting agent, unclear regulating mechanism of the collecting agent and the like in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a coal slime flotation collector molecular functional group directional screening design method, and belongs to the field of flotation reagent design.
Background
Flotation is an effective way for fine-grained coal slime separation and efficient resource recycling, and is an interface separation technology for realizing effective separation of useful minerals and gangue minerals according to different physical and chemical properties of the surfaces of the minerals. The collector is a flotation reagent which is selectively adsorbed on the surface of the mineral, so that the hydrophobicity of the surface of the mineral is improved, and the collector is easy to adhere to bubbles, and the interaction between the collector and the surface of the mineral is a precondition for determining the flotation efficiency. At present, traditional fossil fuels represented by nonpolar hydrocarbon oil, petrochemical byproducts and the like are main sources of coal slime flotation collectors, the selection of a medicament depends on empirical exploration, scientific bases are lacked, the adaptability to coal types is poor, and the improvement of the coal slime flotation efficiency and the high-quality development of the coal industry are severely restricted. In recent years, the regulation and control mechanism of the collecting agent in the flotation process has been advanced in series, but the molecular structure information of the collecting agent is still unclear, the action mechanism of the collecting agent still needs to be searched, and the design and development of the efficient collecting agent are short of the support of scientific technology.
The surface forces mainly include van der waals forces, electrostatic forces, hydration forces, hydrophobic forces and the like, and directly determine the interaction between the collecting agent and the coal surface. At present, the adsorption behavior of the medicament on the surface of coal in a micro-nano scale causes wide attention of scholars in the field of flotation colloid chemistry, and a series of test technologies for researching the interaction between coal and the medicament gradually emerge. The traditional surface detection technologies such as Fourier transform infrared absorption spectrometer (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) are usually non-real-time or non-in-situ measurement obtained in a vacuum or air drying environment, and cannot realize in-situ test in a flotation liquid phase environment, a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM-D) represents the adsorption behavior of a medicament by monitoring the mass change of a surface to be detected, an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) images the form of a polymer adsorption layer to explore the adsorption behavior of the medicament on the surface of coal, and the methods cannot directly measure the interaction force between medicament molecules and the surface of coal, so that the interaction force between the medicament molecules and the surface of the coal is lost.
Therefore, there is a need to propose a method suitable for the directional screening of collector molecule functional groups. A chemical force spectrum testing method based on an atomic force microscope is an important means for screening the collecting agent matched with the surface property of coal, and meanwhile, the method can be used for researching a regulation and control mechanism of the collecting agent molecules in the flotation process, and has important significance for promoting the development of the coal slime flotation field.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the method for screening the coal slime flotation collector molecular functional group is simple in step, high in precision and intuitive, so that the problems that the high-efficiency collector molecular functional group is difficult to screen, the collector regulating mechanism is not clear and the like in the prior art are solved.
In order to realize the technical purpose, the invention discloses a method for screening a coal slime flotation collector molecular functional group, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, placing a plurality of gold-plating probes in ethanol solution of mercapto compounds containing different collector molecular functional groups for soaking for 24 hours, so that different flotation collector molecular functional groups are chemically deposited on the surface of each gold-plating probe, modified probes with different flotation collector molecular functional groups deposited on the surface are formed, and each modified probe is labeled;
step 2, fixing the smooth and flat coal sample on the substrate, and then placing the substrate on an AFM (atomic force microscope) objective table;
step 4, under the condition of fixing the position of the modified probe, adjusting the position of the objective table to enable the coal sample to approach the tip position of the modified probe, and then fixing the position of the objective table, wherein the rubber ring is positioned between the bottom surface of the liquid pool and the upper surface of the coal sample and forms a sealed space;
and 7, repeating the steps 2 to 6, obtaining the needle inserting force curve and the needle withdrawing force curve of each modified probe with different flotation collector molecular functional groups deposited on the surface and the coal sample, and comparing the needle withdrawing force curve values of all the modified probes, wherein the larger the value is, the larger the adhesion force between the flotation collector molecular functional groups on the modified probes and the coal sample is, and the larger the adhesion force is, the better the effect of the collector deposited on the modified probes is.
Further, sequencing all different flotation collectors deposited on the gold-plating probes by using the adhesive force of each modified probe, so as to screen out the best flotation collector for the coal sample; by changing the types of the coal samples, the flotation collecting agent with the best flotation recharging effect of different types of coal samples is compared.
Furthermore, the inorganic salt solution and the coal sample in the space surrounded by the rubber ring between the bottom surface of the liquid pool and the upper surface of the coal sample need to be replaced every time the modified probe with different tests is replaced; the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe are arranged on the rubber ring to realize the quick replacement of the inorganic salt solution, and the consistency of the inorganic salt solution in each test is controlled;
further, the nominal modulus of elasticity of the gold-plated probe for preparing the modified probe was 0.08N/m.
Further, before preparing the modified probe, the gold-plated probe needs to be treated in a plasma cleaning machine for 10 minutes and soaked in an ethanol solution for 5 minutes to remove pollutants.
Further, after a modified probe with different flotation collector molecular functional groups deposited on the surface is formed on the gold-plated probe, the modified probe needs to be sequentially soaked in ethanol and ultrapure water for 10 minutes, and then the modified probe is placed into a vacuum drying oven to be dried for later use.
Further, the coal sample is cut into a flat structure and the surface is polished smooth and then cleaned to ensure no pollution.
Furthermore, before the modified probe is inserted into the probe, the deflection sensitivity of the cantilever of the probe of the modified probe needs to be measured, the actual elastic coefficient of the cantilever of the probe needs to be calculated, the elastic coefficient correction is completed, and the accuracy of force test data is ensured; after the correction is finished, the piezoelectric ceramics are used for controlling the modified probes to approach to and leave from the surface of the coal sample to obtain force information, each modified probe is respectively repeatedly inserted and withdrawn at different positions of the coal sample, so that the adhesive force of the modified probe and the coal sample at different positions is obtained, the average value of the adhesive force collected at different positions is obtained, and the representativeness and the accuracy of a force curve test are ensured.
Further, carrying out normal distribution fitting on the test result of the needle withdrawing curve force to determine the adhesive force between the modified probe and the coal sample; the EDLVO theory was used to fit the needle insertion force curve and determine the components of van der waals, electrostatic and hydrophobic forces in the interaction forces.
Has the advantages that:
1. the directional screening method for the molecular functional groups of the collecting agents can directly compare the mechanical action of various collecting agent molecules with the surface of coal, so that the optimal collecting agents are screened, and the defect of blindly depending on the traditional empirical guidance is overcome.
2. Compared with the prior art, the method for screening the molecular functional groups of the collecting agent can perform in-situ measurement in a liquid phase environment, and the test condition is close to the interaction between the collecting agent and the surface of a coal mine object in a flotation environment.
3. The method for screening the molecular functional groups of the collecting agent can regulate and control the chemical conditions of a solution and provide various test conditions.
4. The method for screening the molecular functional groups of the collecting agent can quickly screen out effective functional groups in the collecting agent and directly guide the design and development of the collecting agent.
5. The method for screening the molecular functional group of the collecting agent can quantitatively analyze mechanical information between a medicament and the surface of coal, and is favorable for clarifying a regulating and controlling mechanism of the collecting agent.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a collector molecule directional screening test of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a typical force-distance curve of an undecane-modified probe according to example 1 of the present invention measured in a liquid phase environment with a needle inserted into a graphite surface;
FIG. 3 is a typical force-distance curve of an undecane-modified probe of example 1 of the present invention measured in a liquid phase environment with a needle withdrawn from a graphite surface;
FIG. 4 is a typical force-distance curve of an undecanoic acid-modified probe of example 2 of the present invention measured in a liquid phase environment with a needle inserted into a graphite surface.
FIG. 5 is a typical force-distance curve of an undecanoic acid-modified probe of example 2 of the present invention measured after a needle withdrawal from a graphite surface in a liquid phase environment.
In the figure: 1-a laser light source; 2-a prism; 3-a laser detector; 4-a scanner; 5-a liquid pool; 6-gold plated probe; 7-a collector molecule functional group; 8-bottomless annular rubber ring; 9-a mineral sample; 10-a substrate; 11-an object stage; 12-a liquid inlet pipe; 13-a liquid outlet pipe; 14-modified Probe.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
for a further understanding of the invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and in which are shown by way of illustration, specific features and advantages of the invention, and not limitation, of the scope of the invention.
As shown in figure 1, the method for screening the molecular functional groups of the coal slime flotation collecting agent uses an atomic force microscope AFM, wherein the atomic force microscope AFM comprises a laser light source 1, a prism 2, a laser detector 3 and a scanner 4
The method comprises the following steps:
step 1, placing a plurality of gold-plated probes 6 in ethanol solution containing mercapto compounds with different collector molecular functional groups, soaking for 24 hours, wherein the nominal elastic coefficient of the gold-plated probes 6 for preparing the modified probes 14 is 0.08N/m, so that different flotation collector molecular functional groups 7 are chemically deposited on the surface of each gold-plated probe 6, forming the modified probes 14 with different flotation collector molecular functional groups 7 deposited on the surface, and labeling each modified probe 14; before preparing the modified probe 14, the gold-plated probe 6 needs to be placed in a plasma cleaning machine for treatment for 10 minutes, placed in an ethanol solution for soaking for 5 minutes to remove pollutants, after the modified probe 14 with different flotation collector molecular functional groups 7 deposited on the surface is formed on the gold-plated probe 6, the modified probe 14 needs to be sequentially soaked in ethanol and ultrapure water for 10 minutes, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven for drying for later use.
Step 2, fixing the coal sample 9 with a smooth and flat upper surface on a substrate 10, and then placing the substrate 10 on an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) objective table 11; the coal sample 9 is cut into a flat structure and the surface is polished smooth and then cleaned to ensure no pollution.
step 4, under the condition of fixing the position of the modified probe 14, adjusting the position of the objective table 11 to enable the coal sample 9 to be close to the tip position of the modified probe 14, and then fixing the position of the objective table 11, wherein the rubber ring is positioned between the bottom surface of the liquid pool 5 and the upper surface of the coal sample 9 to form a sealed space;
and 7, repeating the steps 2 to 6, obtaining the needle inserting force curve and the needle withdrawing force curve of each modified probe 14 with different flotation collector molecular functional groups 7 deposited on the surface and the coal sample 9, comparing the needle withdrawing force curve values of all the modified probes 14, wherein the larger the value is, the larger the adhesion force between the flotation collector molecular functional groups 7 on the modified probes 14 and the coal sample 9 is, and the larger the adhesion force is, the better the effect of the collector deposited on the modified probes 14 is. Sorting all the different flotation collectors deposited on the gold-plated probes 6 by using the adhesive force of each modified probe 14, so as to screen out the best flotation collector for the coal sample 9; by changing the types of the coal samples 9, the flotation collecting agent with the best flotation recovery effect of the different types of the coal samples 9 is compared.
Before the modified probe 14 is inserted, the deflection sensitivity of the probe cantilever of the modified probe 14 needs to be measured, the actual elastic coefficient of the probe cantilever needs to be calculated, the elastic coefficient correction is completed, and the accuracy of force test data is ensured; after the correction is completed, the needle insertion of the modified probe 14 is controlled to be close to and far away from the surface of the coal sample 9 through the piezoelectric ceramics to obtain force information, the needle insertion and needle withdrawal of each modified probe 14 are repeated at different positions of the coal sample 9 respectively, so that the adhesion force of the modified probe 14 and the adhesion force of the coal sample 9 at different positions are obtained, the average value of the adhesion force collected at different positions is taken, and the representativeness and the accuracy of the force curve test are guaranteed.
Carrying out normal distribution fitting on the test result of the needle withdrawing curve force, and determining the adhesive force between the modified probe 14 and the coal sample 9; the EDLVO theory was used to fit the needle insertion force curve and determine the components of van der waals, electrostatic and hydrophobic forces in the interaction forces.
Wherein the coal sample 9 can be replaced by the following surfaces: graphite substrate, graphite oxide substrate, silicon substrate, silanized silicon substrate, glass sheet substrate, silanized glass sheet substrate, gold sheet and mica sheet; the fixing mode of the gold-plated probe 6 and the collecting agent molecule 7 is chemical bonding;
the invention is further illustrated below with reference to examples and figures. The detection technique employed in the embodiments is the technique described above.
Example 1 interaction between undecane and graphite surface
Step 1, respectively soaking gold-plated probes 6 in 1mM ethanol solution of 1-mercapto-undecane for 24 hours, and obtaining modified probes 14 coated with undecane molecules 7 through chemical deposition;
step 2, placing the substrate 10 on which the graphite sheet 9 is fixed on an AFM stage 11;
and 4, acquiring a force curve and analyzing.
Fig. 2 and 3 are typical force-distance curves measured by the undecane-modified probe 14 of example 1 interacting with the graphite surface 9 in a liquid phase environment. As can be seen from fig. 2 and 3, the test method of the present invention can test the interaction force between the capture agent molecules 7 and the graphite surface 9 in situ in a liquid phase environment.
Example 2 interaction of undecanoic acid with graphite surface
Step 1, soaking gold-plated probes 6 in 1mM ethanol solution of 1-mercapto-undecanoic acid for 24 hours respectively, and obtaining modified probes 14 coated with undecanoic acid molecules 7 through chemical deposition;
step 2, placing the substrate 10 for fixing the graphite sheet 9 on an AFM objective table 11;
and 4, acquiring a force curve and analyzing.
Fig. 4 and 5 are typical force-distance curves measured by the interaction of the undecanoic acid-modified probe 14 of example 2 with the graphite surface 9 in a liquid phase environment. As can be seen from fig. 4 and 5, the test method of the present invention can test the interaction force between the capture agent molecules 7 and the graphite surface 9 in situ in a liquid phase environment.
The invention can regulate and control different solution chemical environments and different collecting agent molecules by simply modifying the testing method by utilizing the prior art, provides various testing conditions and has convenient operation.
Claims (9)
1. A method for screening the molecular functional group of a coal slime flotation collector is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, placing a plurality of gold-plated probes (6) in ethanol solution of mercapto compounds containing different collector molecular functional groups, soaking for 24 hours, so that different flotation collector molecular functional groups are chemically deposited on the surface of each gold-plated probe (6), modified probes (14) with different flotation collector molecular functional groups deposited on the surface are formed, and labeling each modified probe (14);
step 2, fixing the coal sample (9) with a smooth and flat upper surface on a substrate (10), and then placing the substrate (10) on an AFM (atomic force microscope) objective table (11);
step 3, installing a bottomless annular rubber ring (8) at the bottom of the liquid pool (5), installing a modified probe (14) on a clamp in the middle of the liquid pool (5), and placing the liquid pool (5) on a special supporting table to enable the tip of the modified probe (14) to be suspended on the upper surface of the coal sample (9);
step 4, under the condition that the position of the modification probe (14) is fixed, adjusting the position of the objective table (11) to enable the coal sample (9) to be close to the tip position of the modification probe (14), and then fixing the position of the objective table (11), wherein the rubber ring is located between the bottom surface of the liquid pool (5) and the upper surface of the coal sample (9) and forms a sealed space;
step 5, filling inorganic salt solution into a space surrounded by the rubber ring (8) between the bottom surface of the liquid pool (5) and the upper surface of the coal sample (9); controlling the solution of the inorganic salt solution to ensure that the test conditions are consistent each time;
step 6, continuously inserting the modified probe (14) to the upper surface of the coal sample (9) by utilizing the piezoelectric ceramics, simultaneously collecting elastic deformation information generated by the modified probe (14) in the needle inserting process, deducing needle inserting force information of the modified probe (14) in the needle inserting process according to the elastic deformation information, wherein the needle inserting force is increased along with the approach of the modified probe (14) to the upper surface of the coal sample (9), judging that the end part of the modified probe (14) is in physical contact with the upper surface of the coal sample (9) after the needle inserting force and the distance present a linear relation, withdrawing the needle at the moment, namely, controlling the modified probe (14) to be far away from the coal sample (9), simultaneously collecting needle withdrawing force information corresponding to the modified probe (14), and generating a needle inserting force curve and a needle withdrawing force curve by using the needle inserting force information and the needle withdrawing force information;
and 7, repeating the steps 2 to 6, obtaining a needle inserting force curve and a needle withdrawing force curve of each modified probe (14) with different flotation collector molecule functional groups deposited on the surface and the coal sample (9), comparing needle withdrawing force curve values of all the modified probes (14), wherein the larger the value is, the larger the adhesion force between the flotation collector molecule functional groups on the modified probes (14) and the coal sample (9) is, and the larger the adhesion force is, the better the effect of the collector deposited on the modified probes (14) is.
2. The method for screening the molecular functional groups of the coal slime flotation collector according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: sorting all different flotation collectors deposited on the gold-plating probes (6) by using the adhesive force of each modified probe (14), so as to screen out the best flotation collector for the coal sample (9); by changing the types of the coal samples (9), the flotation collecting agent with the best flotation recovery effect of different types of coal samples (9) is compared.
3. The method for screening the molecular functional groups of the coal slime flotation collector according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the inorganic salt solution and the coal sample (9) in the space surrounded by the rubber ring (8) between the bottom surface of the liquid pool (5) and the upper surface of the coal sample (9) need to be replaced each time the modified probe (14) with different tests is replaced; the quick replacement of the inorganic salt solution is realized by arranging the liquid inlet pipe (12) and the liquid outlet pipe (13) on the rubber ring (8), and the concentration of the inorganic salt solution in each test is controlled to be consistent.
4. The coal slime flotation collector molecular functional group directional screening design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the nominal modulus of elasticity of the gold-plated probe (6) for preparing the modified probe (14) was 0.08N/m.
5. The method for screening the molecular functional groups of the coal slime flotation collector according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: before preparing the modified probe (14), the gold-plated probe (6) needs to be placed in a plasma cleaning machine for 10 minutes and soaked in an ethanol solution for 5 minutes to remove pollutants.
6. The method for screening the molecular functional groups of the coal slime flotation collector according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: after a modified probe (14) with different flotation collector molecular functional groups deposited on the surface is formed on the gold-plated probe (6), the modified probe (14) needs to be sequentially soaked in ethanol and ultrapure water for 10 minutes, and then is placed into a vacuum drying oven to be dried for later use.
7. The method for screening the molecular functional groups of the coal slime flotation collector according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the coal sample (9) is cut into a flat structure and the surface is polished smooth and then cleaned to ensure no pollution.
8. The method for screening the molecular functional groups of the coal slime flotation collector according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: before the modified probe (14) is inserted, the deflection sensitivity of a probe cantilever of the modified probe (14) needs to be measured, the actual elastic coefficient of the probe cantilever is calculated, the elastic coefficient correction is completed, and the accuracy of force test data is ensured; after the correction is completed, the needle insertion of the modified probe (14) is controlled to be close to and far away from the surface of the coal sample (9) through piezoelectric ceramics to obtain force information, the needle insertion and needle withdrawal of each modified probe (14) are repeated at different positions of the coal sample (9) respectively, so that the adhesive force of the modified probe (14) and the different positions of the coal sample (9) is obtained, the average number of the adhesive force collected at the different positions is taken, and the representativeness and the accuracy of a force curve test are guaranteed.
9. The method for screening the molecular functional groups of the coal slime flotation collector according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: carrying out normal distribution fitting on the test result of the needle withdrawal curve force, and determining the adhesive force between the modified probe (14) and the coal sample (9); the EDLVO theory was used to fit the needle insertion force curve and determine the components of van der waals, electrostatic and hydrophobic forces in the interaction forces.
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PCT/CN2022/133064 WO2023160045A1 (en) | 2022-02-22 | 2022-11-21 | Method for screening molecular functional groups of coal slime flotation collecting agent |
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WO2023160045A1 (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2023-08-31 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for screening molecular functional groups of coal slime flotation collecting agent |
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CN114577716A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-06-03 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for screening coal slime flotation collector molecular functional groups |
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CN110736858A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-01-31 | 中南大学 | oxidized mineral collecting agent AFM (atomic force microscopy) measuring probe and preparation and application methods thereof |
CN113426583A (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2021-09-24 | 中国矿业大学 | Directional development method of low-quality coal flotation collecting agent |
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