CN114577543A - System and method for detecting emission amount of particulate matters in tail gas - Google Patents
System and method for detecting emission amount of particulate matters in tail gas Download PDFInfo
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- G01N31/10—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using catalysis
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- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
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- G01N15/0618—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions by collecting particles on a support of the filter type
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for detecting the emission of particulate matters in tail gas. The system comprises: the sampling device comprises a sampling main pipe, a first sampling branch pipe and a second sampling branch pipe, wherein the first sampling branch pipe and the second sampling branch pipe are connected with the sampling main pipe; the reference system comprises a particulate matter trapping device and a first reaction device which are sequentially connected, wherein the particulate matter trapping device is connected with the first sampling branch pipe and is used for trapping particulate matters in reference sample gas flowing through the reference system, and the first reaction device is used for treating and detecting other components except the particulate matters in the reference sample gas; and the measuring system comprises a second reaction device which is connected with the second sampling branch pipe and is used for processing and detecting the measuring sample gas flowing through the measuring system. The system provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of simplicity in operation, real-time detection and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates generally to the field of particulate matter detection technology, and more particularly, to a system and method for detecting the amount of particulate matter discharged from exhaust.
Background
Particulate Matter (PM) is one of the main pollutants emitted from diesel engines. At present, the common exhaust particulate matter detection method in the emission regulations in China is mainly a filter paper weighing method. The method adopts equipment such as a dilution channel and the like to collect particulate matters discharged by an engine or an automobile running according to working conditions on filter paper according to a certain specification, and the discharge amount of the particulate matters is judged by the weight increment of the filter paper. The method has accurate detection result, but the cost of the dilution channel is high (more than 100 ten thousand yuan), and the operation steps are various. Examples include: before the experiment, the filter paper is treated at constant temperature and humidity, and the weight of the filter paper is stabilized and weighed; sampling particulate matter with filter paper in an exhaust gas detection system; then, the filter paper is subjected to constant temperature and humidity treatment, and the weight of the filter paper is stabilized and weighed.
The method has long experimental period, needs an experimental period as long as several days, can only obtain the total mass result of the particulate matters collected on the filter paper, and cannot measure the instantaneous particulate matter emission concentration of the vehicle in real time, so that the actual pollution emission condition of the diesel engine is difficult to quickly judge, the cause of particulate matter pollution is not easy to accurately analyze, and a targeted solution is made. Therefore, the research on the equipment or the method for detecting the particulate matter emission amount in real time, simply and quickly is of great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least the above-described drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention provides in various aspects a system for detecting an amount of particulate matter discharged from an exhaust gas and a method for detecting an amount of particulate matter discharged from an exhaust gas using the system.
In a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for detecting an amount of particulate matter emitted from an exhaust gas, comprising: the sampling device comprises a sampling main pipe, a first sampling branch pipe and a second sampling branch pipe, wherein the first sampling branch pipe and the second sampling branch pipe are connected with the sampling main pipe; the reference system comprises a particulate matter trapping device and a first reaction device which are sequentially connected, wherein the particulate matter trapping device is connected with the first sampling branch pipe and is used for trapping particulate matters in a reference sample gas flowing through the reference system, and the first reaction device is used for treating and detecting other components except the particulate matters in the reference sample gas; and the measuring system comprises a second reaction device which is connected with the second sampling branch pipe and is used for processing and detecting the measuring sample gas flowing through the measuring system.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first reaction device comprises: a first filter on which an oxidation catalyst is coated; and a first thermostat disposed on the first filter for controlling a temperature of the first filter; the reference system further comprises: a first temperature sensor disposed inside the first filter for detecting a temperature change inside the first filter.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the second reaction device comprises: a second filter on which an oxidation catalyst is coated; and a second thermostat disposed on the second filter for controlling a temperature of the second filter; the measurement system further comprises: a second temperature sensor disposed inside the second filter for detecting a temperature change inside the second filter.
In still another embodiment of the present invention, the particulate matter trapping device includes: a third filter connected to the first sampling branch pipe and configured to filter the reference sample gas to trap the particulate matter in the reference sample gas; and a third thermostat disposed on the third filter for controlling a temperature of the third filter.
In one embodiment of the invention, the reference system further comprises: the Z-shaped reference pipeline is connected between the particulate matter trapping device and the first reaction device and comprises a first upstream section pipeline, a first midstream section pipeline and a first downstream section pipeline which are sequentially connected along a Z shape, wherein the first upstream section pipeline is connected with the particulate matter trapping device, and a first connection part of the first upstream section pipeline and the first midstream section pipeline is connected with the first reaction device; the measurement system further comprises: and the Z-shaped measuring pipeline is connected between the second sampling branch pipe and the second reaction device and comprises a second upstream section pipeline, a second midstream section pipeline and a second downstream section pipeline which are sequentially connected along a Z shape, wherein the second upstream section pipeline is connected with the second sampling branch pipe, and the second upstream section pipeline is connected with the second midstream section pipeline at a second connection part and is connected with the second reaction device.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the first upstream section pipeline, the first midstream section pipeline and the first downstream section pipeline are arranged in parallel; and the second upstream section pipeline, the second midstream section pipeline and the second downstream section pipeline are arranged in parallel.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the Z-shaped reference line has an inner diameter greater than the inner diameter of the first sampling leg; and the inner diameter of the Z-shaped measuring pipeline is larger than that of the second sampling branch pipe.
In one embodiment of the invention, the measurement system further comprises: a first electrode disposed in the second upstream segment of tubing; and a connecting pipe connected between the second connection point and the second reaction device; the system further comprises: and a power supply having a first pole connected to the connection pipe and a second pole connected to the first electrode and the second upstream pipe, wherein the first pole is one of a positive pole and a negative pole, and the second pole is the other of the positive pole and the negative pole.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the measurement system further comprises: a second electrode disposed in the second midstream section of tubing; and the second pole of the power supply is further connected to the second electrode and the second midstream section conduit.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the first pole is a positive pole and the second pole is a negative pole.
In one embodiment of the invention, the reference system further comprises: the first flow controller is connected with the exhaust end of the first downstream pipeline and is used for controlling the flow of the first gas flowing through the first downstream pipeline; the second flow controller is connected with the exhaust end of the first reaction device and is used for controlling the flow of the second gas flowing through the first reaction device; the measurement system further comprises: a third flow controller connected to the exhaust end of the second downstream pipeline, for controlling a third gas flow flowing through the second downstream pipeline; and the fourth flow controller is connected with the exhaust end of the second reaction device and is used for controlling the flow of the fourth gas flowing through the second reaction device.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the system further comprises: a control unit connected to the first flow controller, the second flow controller, the third flow controller, and the fourth flow controller, and configured to: controlling the second gas flow rate to be less than the first gas flow rate; controlling the fourth gas flow to be less than the third gas flow; controlling the first gas flow rate to be equal to the third gas flow rate; and controlling the second gas flow rate to be equal to the fourth gas flow rate.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the system further comprises: one end of the first gas inlet pipe is used for sucking diluent gas, and the other end of the first gas inlet pipe is connected between the first sampling branch pipe and the reference system; one end of the second gas inlet pipe is used for sucking diluent gas, and the other end of the second gas inlet pipe is connected between the second sampling branch pipe and the measuring system; a fifth flow controller disposed on the first gas inlet line for controlling the flow of the first diluent gas into the reference system; and a sixth flow controller, disposed on the second inlet pipe, for controlling a flow of a second diluent gas flowing into the measurement system.
In one embodiment of the invention, the system further comprises: one end of the air inlet pipe is used for sucking outside air, and the other end of the air inlet pipe is connected with the first air inlet pipe and the second air inlet pipe and used for conveying the air to the first air inlet pipe and the second air inlet pipe; and a purifier arranged on the air inlet pipe and used for purifying the air flowing into the air inlet pipe.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the system further comprises: and the control unit is connected with at least the reference system and the measuring system and is used for determining the emission amount of the particulate matters in the measuring sample gas according to the detection results of the reference system and the measuring system.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the system further comprises: the gas flowmeter is arranged on the tail gas discharge pipeline and used for detecting the tail gas discharge flow in the tail gas discharge pipeline; and the control unit is also connected with the gas flowmeter and used for determining the emission amount of the particulate matters in the tail gas at least according to the emission flow of the tail gas and the emission amount of the particulate matters in the measurement sample gas.
In one embodiment of the invention, the system further comprises: a gas discharge manifold connected to the reference system and the measurement system and adapted to receive gas discharged from the reference system and the measurement system; and an air extraction device arranged on the exhaust manifold and used for providing power for the gas flow in the system.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting an amount of particulate matter emitted from exhaust gas by using the system according to any one of the first aspect of the present invention, comprising: the method comprises the following steps that a sampling main pipe in a sampling device is used for sucking tail gas in a tail gas discharge pipeline, and a first sampling branch pipe and a second sampling branch pipe which are connected with the sampling main pipe are used for distributing sucked tail gas sample gas to a reference system and a measuring system; the method comprises the following steps of trapping particulate matters in a reference sample gas flowing through a reference system by using a particulate matter trapping device in the reference system, and treating and detecting other components except the particulate matters in the reference sample gas by using a first reaction device in the reference system; processing and detecting the measurement sample gas flowing through the measurement system by using a second reaction device in the measurement system; and determining the emission of the particulate matters in the measurement sample gas according to the detection results of the reference system and the measurement system.
Through the above description of the technical solution and various embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can understand that in the system for detecting the emission amount of particulate matter in exhaust gas according to the present invention, the first sampling branch pipe and the second sampling branch pipe are arranged to distribute the extracted exhaust gas sample gas into the reference system and the measurement system, and the reference system is used to perform real-time processing and detection on the residual components of the flowing reference gas after removing particulate matter, and the measurement system is used to perform real-time processing and detection on the flowing measurement gas, so as to achieve the purpose of detecting the emission amount of particulate matter by comparing the detection results of the reference system and the measurement system. The system provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of simplicity in operation and real-time detection, and can effectively avoid a test period as long as several days in a traditional filter paper weighing method, so that the system can be suitable for scientific research, quality assurance, emission detection of pollution sources of automobiles and engineering machinery and other fields.
Drawings
The above features of the present invention may be better understood, and its numerous objects, features, and advantages made apparent to those skilled in the art by referencing the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts, and wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing a system for detecting an amount of particulate matter emitted from exhaust gas according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a system including a temperature sensor in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a system including zigzag piping according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a system including a first electrode and a power supply according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a system including a flow controller according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a system including an intake pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be appreciated that for simplicity and clarity of illustration, where considered appropriate, reference numerals may be repeated among the figures to indicate corresponding or analogous elements. In addition, this application sets forth numerous specific details in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments described herein. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art, having had the benefit of the present disclosure, that the various embodiments described herein may be practiced without the specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, and components have not been described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure the embodiments described herein. Moreover, this description is not to be taken as limiting the scope of the embodiments described herein.
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a brand-new realizable solution. Particularly, the sampling device samples, the reference system processes and detects the reference sample gas, and the measurement system processes and detects the measurement sample gas, so that the real-time detection of the emission of the particulate matters in the tail gas is realized. In some embodiments, the system of the embodiments of the present invention facilitates the trapping and detection of the particulate matter at the second reaction device in the measurement system by providing the zigzag measurement pipeline of the measurement system. Various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing a system for detecting an amount of particulate matter discharged from exhaust gas according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the system 100 may include: a sampling device 110 (shown by a dashed line box), which comprises a sampling header 111 and a first sampling branch 112 and a second sampling branch 113 connected to the sampling header 111, wherein the sampling header 110 is connected to the exhaust emission pipeline 10 for sucking the exhaust in the exhaust emission pipeline 10; a reference system 120 (shown by a dashed line frame), which includes a particulate matter trapping device 121 and a first reaction device 122 connected in sequence, wherein the particulate matter trapping device 121 is connected to the first sampling branch pipe 112 and is used for trapping particulate matters in a reference sample gas flowing through the reference system 120, and the first reaction device 122 is used for processing and detecting other components except the particulate matters in the reference sample gas; and a measurement system 130 (shown by a dashed box) including a second reaction device 131 connected to the second sampling branch 113 and configured to process and detect a measurement sample gas flowing through the measurement system 130.
The first sampling branch 112 and the second sampling branch 113 described above are connected in parallel. The first sampling branch 112 and the second sampling branch 113 may be connected to the sampling manifold 110 in the form of branches of the sampling manifold 110 as shown in the figure, or may be connected to the sampling manifold 110 by a connecting tee. In some embodiments, the sampling header 111 and the exhaust emission pipeline 10 may be directly connected or indirectly connected, the direct connection may be welding, covering, clamping, screwing, etc., and the indirect connection may be a plug-in non-contact connection, a connection through a connector, etc. The sampling manifold 111 may be used to extract part or all of the exhaust gas in the exhaust emission line 10 when the engine is in operation.
For example, in one embodiment, the sampling header 111 may be connected to the exhaust gas discharge pipeline 10 in a shielding manner to suck all the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas discharge pipeline 10. In another embodiment, one end of the sampling header pipe 111 may be inserted into the exhaust gas discharge pipeline 10 as shown in the figure to suck a part of the exhaust gas (or exhaust gas sample gas) in the exhaust gas discharge pipeline 10, and the other end of the sampling header pipe 111 may be connected to the first sampling branch pipe 112 and the second sampling branch pipe 113 to split the sucked exhaust gas sample gas. The exhaust emission pipeline described herein may be an exhaust emission pipeline of a diesel engine or a gasoline engine, and the like, and may also be an exhaust emission pipeline of other mechanical devices generating exhaust.
In some embodiments, the particulate trap device 121 can be directly connected to the first sampling leg 112 or indirectly connected thereto. For example, in one embodiment, the connection between the particulate trap device 121 and the first sampling branch 112 is via a transfer conduit. In another embodiment, the particulate trap device 121 may be disposed within a delivery conduit connected to the first sampling branch 112. In some embodiments, the reference sample gas may be the off-gas sample gas flowing through the first sampling leg 112. That is, the off-gas sample gas drawn by the sampling manifold 111 can be distributed into the reference sample gas and the measurement sample gas via the first sampling branch 112 and the second sampling branch 113. The particulate matter trapping device 121 is configured to trap particulate matter in a reference sample gas to separate the particulate matter from a gas or liquid component in the reference sample gas.
In other embodiments, the particulate matter trapping device 121 can include one or more devices for gas-solid separation, and the manner of trapping the particulate matter in the reference sample gas by the particulate matter trapping device 121 can include various manners, such as trapping by filtration, centrifugation, and the like. In one embodiment, the particulate matter trapping device 121 may include a filter. In yet another embodiment, the particulate trap 121 can include a cyclone. In another embodiment, the particulate matter trapping device 121 can comprise a high gravity machine.
The first reaction device 122 described above may be directly connected or indirectly connected to the particulate matter trapping device 121. For example, in one embodiment, the first reaction device 122 may be connected to the particulate trap device 121 via a transfer line. In another embodiment, the first reaction device 122 may be disposed in a delivery conduit connected to the particulate trap device 121. The first reaction device 122 can process and detect other components except for the particulate matters in the reference sample gas to be used as a background value to compare with the detection result of the measurement system 130, so as to achieve the purpose of determining the emission amount of the particulate matters. In one embodiment, the first reaction device 122 may include a reactor such as an oxidizer or burner to burn or oxidize other components.
Further, the second reaction device 131 may be directly connected or indirectly connected to the second sampling branch 113. For example, in one embodiment, the second reaction device 131 is connected to the second sampling branch 113 via a transfer line. In another embodiment, the second reaction device 131 may be disposed within a delivery pipe connected to the second sampling branch 113. In some embodiments, the measurement sample gas may be an off-gas sample gas flowing through the second sampling leg 113. In other embodiments, the second reaction device 131 may have the same structure and detection manner as the first reaction device 122 to ensure that the same reaction conditions exist in the first reaction device 122 and the second reaction device 131.
Because the second reaction device 131 is directly used for processing and detecting the measured sample gas, including processing and detecting the particulate matter in the measured sample gas, the content of the particulate matter in the measured sample gas can be obtained by detecting the difference of the reaction results in the second reaction device 131 and the first reaction device 122, and then the particulate matter emission amount in the exhaust sample gas absorbed by the sampling main pipe 111 and the particulate matter emission amount in the exhaust emission pipeline 10 can be calculated. Further, by maintaining the reaction conditions of the first reaction device 122 and the second reaction device 131, the gas flowing through can be treated and detected in real time, so that the real-time detection of the exhaust particulate matter emission can be realized.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the reference system 120 further comprises a first temperature sensor, which may be disposed inside the first reaction device, for detecting a temperature change within the first reaction device; the measurement system 130 further comprises a second temperature sensor, which may be arranged inside the second reaction device, for detecting a temperature change inside the second reaction device. According to the arrangement, the temperature change detected by the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor is monitored and compared in real time, so that the reaction change difference between the first reaction device and the second reaction device can be obtained in real time, and the effect of determining the transient emission of the tail gas particles in real time can be realized.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the system 100 may further comprise a control unit, which may be connected with the reference system 120 and the measurement system 130, for: determining the emission amount of the particulate matters in the measured sample gas according to the detection results of the reference system 120 and the measurement system 130; and determining the particulate matter emission amount in the exhaust gas emitted by the exhaust gas emission pipeline 10 according to the particulate matter emission amount in the measured sample gas. In other embodiments, the results of the measurements from the reference system 120 and the measurement system 130 may include: based on the difference between the measurements of the reference system 120 and the measurement system 130.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the system 100 may further comprise: an exhaust manifold that can be coupled to the reference system 120 and the measurement system 130 and that is adapted to receive gas exhausted from the reference system 120 and the measurement system 130. In another embodiment of the present invention, the system 100 may further comprise an air extraction device, which may be disposed on the exhaust manifold, and which is used to provide a motive force for the flow of gases within the system 100, thereby facilitating the extraction of the off-gas sample and the flow within the system. In yet another embodiment of the present invention, two gas evacuation devices can be connected after the first reaction device 122 and after the second reaction device 131, respectively, to provide the motive force for gas flow in the reference system and the measurement system, respectively.
While the system for detecting the amount of particulate matter emitted from exhaust gas according to the embodiment of the present invention has been described above with reference to fig. 1, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is illustrative and not restrictive. For example, in one embodiment, flow controllers may also be provided on the first and second sampling legs 112, 113 to control the proportion of gas flowing through the first and second sampling legs 112, 113. In another embodiment, the reference system 120 may further include a first carbon dioxide sensor coupled to the first reaction unit 122 for detecting a concentration of carbon dioxide generated by a reaction in the first reaction unit 122; the measuring system 130 may further include a second carbon dioxide sensor connected to the second reaction device 131 for detecting the concentration of carbon dioxide generated by the reaction in the second reaction device 131, based on which the amount of particulate matter discharged from the exhaust gas can be determined by comparing the difference between the concentrations of carbon dioxide detected by the first carbon dioxide sensor and the second carbon dioxide sensor.
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a system including a temperature sensor in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the system 200 may include a sampling device, a reference system, and a measurement system, wherein the sampling device may include a sampling header 111 and first and second sampling legs 112, 113 connected to the sampling header 111; the reference system may include a particulate matter trapping device 121 (shown by a dotted line block), a first reaction device 122 (shown by a dotted line block), and a first temperature sensor 213, wherein the first reaction device 122 may include a first filter 211 and a first thermostat device 212; and the measurement system may comprise a second reaction device 131 (shown in dashed box).
The first filter 211 described above is coated with an oxidation catalyst. The first filter 211 may be used to filter components other than the particulate matter trapped by the particulate matter trapping device 121 in the reference sample gas. In some embodiments, the first filter 211 may include at least one of a filter membrane, a filter mesh, a filter paper, and the like. In other embodiments, the first filter 211 may include one or more filtration layers (e.g., a filtration membrane, a filter screen, or the like). In still other embodiments, the first filter 211 may be a Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF).
In some embodiments, the first filter 211 may be connected to the particulate matter trapping device 121 via a pipe or may be disposed directly in a pipe connected to the particulate matter trapping device 121. In some embodiments, the coating of the first filter 211 with the oxidation catalyst may be coating the surface of the first filter 211 with the oxidation catalyst. In other embodiments, the first filter 211 may be coated with the oxidation catalyst by coating the inner surface of the wall of the first filter 211 with the oxidation catalyst. In still other embodiments, when the first filter 211 is disposed in the pipeline in the form of, for example, a filtering membrane or a filtering net, the first filter 211 may be coated with the oxidation catalyst by coating the outer surface of the first filter 211 with the oxidation catalyst.
The first thermostat 212 is disposed on the first filter 211, may be disposed outside the first filter 211, or may be disposed inside the first filter 211, for controlling the temperature of the first filter 211, so as to control the reaction temperature inside the first filter 211. In one embodiment, the first thermostat 212 may be wrapped outside the first filter 211. In some embodiments, the first thermostatic device 212 may include one or more of a heating component, a cooling component, a temperature sensing component, etc. to control the first filter 211 to warm up or cool down, etc.
In another embodiment, the first thermostat 212 may control the temperature to be above 400 ℃ to ensure that the reducing substances (e.g., including carbon monoxide, gaseous hydrocarbons, etc.) contained in the reference sample gas can be completely removed by oxidation, facilitated by the oxidation catalyst on the first filter 211, and the gas from which the reducing substances have been removed can be exhausted from the system 200. The control temperature of the first thermostat 212 may not be limited to 400 c, but may be determined as needed.
The first temperature sensor 213 described above may be disposed inside the first filter 211 for detecting a temperature change inside the first filter 211. Since the temperature inside the first filter 211 is changed transiently due to the heat generated by the oxidation reaction, the transient temperature change inside the first filter 211 can be measured in real time by providing the first temperature sensor 213, that is, the temperature change during the oxidation reaction inside the first filter 211 can be detected.
As further shown in fig. 2, the second reaction device 131 may include: a second filter 221 on which an oxidation catalyst may be coated; and a second thermostat 222, which may be disposed on the second filter 221, for controlling the temperature of the second filter 221; the measurement system may further include: a second temperature sensor 223, which may be disposed inside the second filter 221, for detecting a temperature change inside the second filter 221. In order to ensure the accuracy of the first reaction device 122 as a reference object, the structural arrangement and reaction condition arrangement of the first reaction device 122 and the second reaction device 131 may be the same, and the arrangement of the first reaction device 122 may be changed according to the arrangement of the second reaction device 131.
The second filter 221 described above may be used to filter the measurement sample gas to trap particulate matter in the measurement sample gas. In some embodiments, the second filter 221 may include at least one of a filter membrane, a filter mesh, a filter paper, and the like. In other embodiments, the second filter 221 may include one or more filtration layers (e.g., a filtration membrane or screen, etc.). In still other embodiments, the second filter 221 may be a Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF).
In some embodiments, the second filter 221 may be connected to the second sampling branch 113 by a pipe or may be directly disposed within a pipe connected to the second sampling branch 113. In some embodiments, the coating of the second filter 221 with the oxidation catalyst may be coating the surface of the second filter 221 with the oxidation catalyst. In other embodiments, the second filter 221 may be coated with the oxidation catalyst by coating the inner surface of the wall of the second filter 221 with the oxidation catalyst. In still other embodiments, when the second filter 221 is disposed in the pipe in the form of, for example, a filter membrane or a filter mesh, the second filter 221 may be coated with the oxidation catalyst by coating the outer surface of the second filter 221 with the oxidation catalyst.
The second thermostat 222 described above is disposed on the second filter 221, and may be disposed outside the second filter 221, or may be disposed inside the second filter 221, for controlling the temperature of the second filter 221, so as to control the reaction temperature inside the second filter 221. In one embodiment, the second thermostat 222 may be wrapped outside the second filter 221. In some embodiments, the second thermostat 222 may include one or more of a heating component, a cooling component, a temperature sensing component, etc. to control the second filter 221 to warm up or cool down, etc.
In another embodiment, the second thermostat device 222 may control the temperature to be above 400 ℃ to ensure that the reducing substances (such as carbon monoxide, gaseous hydrocarbons, particulate matters, and the like) contained in the measurement sample gas can be completely removed by oxidation under the promotion of the oxidation catalyst on the second filter 221, and the gas from which the reducing substances are removed can be discharged from the system 200. The control temperature of the second thermostat 222 may not be limited to 400 c, but may be determined as needed.
Further, a second temperature sensor 223 may be disposed inside the second filter 221 for detecting a temperature change inside the second filter 221. The temperature inside the second filter 221 is changed transiently due to the heat generated by the oxidation reaction, and the transient temperature change inside the second filter 221, that is, the temperature change during the oxidation reaction inside the second filter 221 can be detected by providing the second temperature sensor 223 in real time.
According to such an arrangement, since the particulate matter contained in the reference sample gas flowing through the reference system is separated by the particulate matter trapping device 121, and the particulate matter contained in the measurement sample gas flowing through the measurement system is not filtered in advance, the amount of heat generated by the oxidation reaction occurring in the second reaction device of the measurement system is larger than the amount of heat generated by the oxidation reaction occurring in the first reaction device of the reference system, and the specific heat difference therebetween can be determined by the real-time measurement values of the first temperature sensor 213 and the second temperature sensor 223, and the real-time particulate matter content in the measurement sample gas can be calculated according to the heat difference, so as to calculate the real-time particulate matter emission amount in the exhaust gas. In some embodiments, by controlling the flow rate of the exhaust gas sample flowing through the first sampling branch 112 and the second sampling branch 113 to be the same, the amount of particulate matter separated by the particulate matter trapping device 121 in the reference system in real time can also be obtained according to the above heat difference.
In still another embodiment of the invention, the particulate matter trapping device 121 may include: a third filter 231, which may be connected to the first sampling branch pipe 112, and is used to filter the reference sample gas to trap the particulate matter in the reference sample gas; and a third thermostat 232, which may be disposed on the third filter 231, for controlling the temperature of the third filter 231.
In some embodiments, the third filter 231 may include at least one of a filter membrane, a filter screen, a filter paper, and the like. In other embodiments, the third filter 231 may include one or more filtration layers (e.g., a filter membrane or screen, etc.). In still other embodiments, the third filter 231 may be a Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF). In some embodiments, the third filter 231 may be connected to the first sampling branch 112 through a pipe, or may be directly disposed within a pipe connected to the first sampling branch 112.
The third thermostat 232 described above is disposed on the third filter 231, may be disposed outside the third filter 231, or may be disposed inside the third filter 231 for controlling the filtering temperature of the third filter 231. In one embodiment, the third thermostat 232 may be wrapped outside the third filter 231. In some embodiments, the third thermostat 232 may include one or more of a heating component, a cooling component, a temperature sensing component, etc. to control the third filter 231 to warm up or cool down, etc.
In another embodiment, the third thermostat 232 may control the temperature within a range of 47 ± 5 ℃, or other sampling temperatures defined by testing standards or specifications. Since the property of the particulate matter changes depending on the type and temperature of the particulate matter, for example, when a certain temperature is exceeded, some particle diameters or some types of particulate matter are converted from solid to gaseous, the control temperature of the third thermostat device 232 may be determined depending on the type of the particulate matter to be detected, etc., so that the third filter 231 traps the desired particulate matter at the set temperature.
While the system including the temperature sensor according to the embodiment of the present invention is described above with reference to fig. 2, it is understood that the structure shown in the drawings is exemplary and not restrictive, for example, the particulate matter trapping device 121 and the first reaction device 122 may not be limited to a straight pipe connection, but may be provided as a pipe having another shape, as will be described below with reference to fig. 3.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a system including zigzag piping according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, the system 300 may include a sampling device, a reference system 120 (shown in dashed box), and a measurement system 130 (shown in dashed box), wherein the sampling device may include a sampling header 111 and first and second sampling legs 112, 113 connected to the sampling header 111; the reference system 120 can include a particulate trap device 121 and a first reaction device 122, and the measurement system 130 can include a second reaction device 131.
As further shown in FIG. 3, in one embodiment of the present invention, the reference system 120 may further include: a zigzag reference pipeline connected between the particulate matter trapping device 121 and the first reaction device 122, and may include a first upstream-stage pipeline 311, a first midstream-stage pipeline 312, and a first downstream-stage pipeline 313 connected in sequence in a zigzag manner, where the first upstream-stage pipeline 311 is connected to the particulate matter trapping device 121, and a first connection 314 between the first upstream-stage pipeline 311 and the first midstream-stage pipeline 312 may be connected to the first reaction device 122. Accordingly, the measurement system 130 may further include: and a zigzag-shaped measuring pipeline connected between the second sampling branch pipe 113 and the second reaction device 131, and may include a second upstream-stage pipeline 321, a second midstream-stage pipeline 322, and a second downstream-stage pipeline 323 connected in sequence in zigzag, wherein the second upstream-stage pipeline 321 is connected to the second sampling branch pipe 113, and a second junction 324 of the second upstream-stage pipeline 321 and the second midstream-stage pipeline 322 may be connected to the second reaction device 131.
The zigzag pattern described above may include a positive zigzag pattern or an inverted zigzag pattern, for example, the zigzag pattern shown in fig. 3 is an inverted zigzag pattern. In an embodiment of the present invention, the first upstream section pipe 311, the first midstream section pipe 312 and the first downstream section pipe 313 may be arranged in parallel as shown in the figure; and the second upstream section pipe 321, the second midstream section pipe 322 and the second downstream section pipe 323 can be arranged in parallel as shown in the figure. In another embodiment, the first upstream section pipe 311, the first midstream section pipe 312 and the first downstream section pipe 313 may be arranged at an angle therebetween; and the second upstream section pipe 321, the second midstream section pipe 322 and the second downstream section pipe 323 may be arranged at an angle therebetween.
In some embodiments, the lengths of the first upstream section pipe 311, the first midstream section pipe 312, and the first downstream section pipe 313 may be the same or different; and the lengths of the second upstream section pipe 321, the second midstream section pipe 322 and the second downstream section pipe 323 may be the same or different, wherein the lengths of the first upstream section pipe 311 and the second upstream section pipe 321 may be the same, the lengths of the first midstream section pipe 312 and the second midstream section pipe 322 may be the same, and the lengths of the first downstream section pipe 313 and the second downstream section pipe 323 may be the same.
In other embodiments, the inner diameters of the first upstream segment 311, the first midstream segment 312, and the first downstream segment 313 may be the same or different; and the inside diameters of the second upstream section pipe 321, the second midstream section pipe 322 and the second downstream section pipe 323 may be the same or different, wherein the inside diameters of the first upstream section pipe 311 and the second upstream section pipe 321 may be the same, the inside diameters of the first midstream section pipe 312 and the second midstream section pipe 322 may be the same, and the inside diameters of the first downstream section pipe 313 and the second downstream section pipe 323 may be the same.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the inside diameter of the zigzag reference pipe may be larger than the inside diameter of the first sampling branch 112; and the inside diameter of the zigzag-shaped measurement line may be greater than the inside diameter of the second sampling branch 113. Because when the tail gas flow speed is faster, be unfavorable for the entrapment and the processing to particulate matter in the tail gas, consequently through setting up the great Z style of calligraphy reference pipeline of internal diameter and Z style of calligraphy measurement pipeline, can be so that the velocity of flow that gets into the appearance gas of Z style of calligraphy reference pipeline and Z style of calligraphy measurement pipeline reduces, is favorable to the entrapment and the oxidation treatment etc. to the particulate matter in the appearance gas. In some embodiments, in order to ensure consistency of background values of the reference system and the measurement system, the internal diameters of the zigzag reference pipeline and the zigzag measurement pipeline can be set to be the same. In still other embodiments, the internal diameter of the conduit in which the particulate trap device 121 is located may be the same as the internal diameter of the zigzag-shaped reference conduit.
While the system including zigzag pipes according to the embodiment of the present invention is exemplarily described above with reference to fig. 3, it should be noted that the zigzag pipes according to the embodiment may be arranged to realize the re-diversion of the sample gas. Specifically, taking a zigzag measurement pipeline as an example, by disposing the second reaction device 131 at the second connection point 324, a part of the sample gas in the measurement sample gas can be processed and detected. Since the heat generated by the oxidation reaction is less varied, the heat signal (e.g., temperature variation signal) generated by the heat variation is less, and the sample gas with a larger flow rate is not favorable for detecting the heat signal, especially for the oxidation reaction in the first reaction device, the generated heat signal is more difficult to detect. The temperature sensor will be more sensitive and accurate to detect temperature changes in a sample gas with a smaller flow than a sample gas with a larger flow. Therefore, by shunting the measurement sample gas, the heat signal detection can be carried out in a smaller sample gas flow, and the detection sensitivity and accuracy can be improved. In some embodiments, the flow rate of the sample gas in each of the first reaction device 122, the second reaction device 131, the first downstream pipeline 313 and the second downstream pipeline 323 can be controlled and detected by providing flow controllers at the exhaust ends of each of the first reaction device, the second reaction device, the first downstream pipeline 313 and the second downstream pipeline 323. In order to further improve the accuracy of the detection result, the present invention further provides embodiments for promoting the enrichment of particulate matter, and the like, which will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 4.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a system including a first electrode and a power supply according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 4, the system 400 may include a sampling device, a reference system, and a measurement system, wherein the sampling device may include a sampling header 111 and first and second sampling legs 112, 113 connected to the sampling header 111; the reference system may include the particulate matter trapping device 121, a zigzag-shaped reference conduit, which may include a first upstream-stage conduit 311, a first midstream-stage conduit 312, and a first downstream-stage conduit 313, and a first reaction device 131, and may include a second upstream-stage conduit 321, a second midstream-stage conduit 322, and a second downstream-stage conduit 323.
In contrast to the system 300 shown in fig. 3, the measurement system shown in the system 400 shown in fig. 4 may further comprise a first electrode 410, which may be arranged in the second upstream section pipe 321; and a connection pipe 420 which may be connected between the second connection 324 and the second reaction device 131; the system 400 may further include: a power supply 430, a first pole of which may be one of the positive and negative poles, and a second pole of which may be the other of the positive and negative poles, may be connected to the connection pipe 420, and the first pole 410 and the second upstream segment pipe 321.
In some embodiments, the first electrode 410 may be implemented in the form of a plate. In other embodiments, the connection pipe 420 may be a straight pipe. The provision of the connection pipe 420 can facilitate the arrangement of an electric field therein. In still other embodiments, the wall of the connection pipe 420, the wall of the first electrode 410 and the wall of the second upstream section pipe 321 may be made of metal. The connection of the first pole with the connection pipe 420 may be a connection with a pipe wall of the connection pipe 420 such that an inner wall of the connection pipe 420 is charged with the first pole. The second pole is connected to the second upstream pipe 321, and may be connected to the pipe wall of the second upstream pipe 321, so that the inner wall of the second upstream pipe 321 has the second pole of electric charge. For convenience of describing the beneficial effects of the present embodiment, the following description will use the first electrode as the positive electrode and the second electrode as the negative electrode as an example, with reference to fig. 4.
As shown in fig. 4, the first electrode 410 and the second upstream pipe 321 are negatively charged by connecting the negative electrode of the power source 430 to the first electrode 410 and the second upstream pipe 321, and on the basis of this, the particles in the measurement sample gas flowing through the second upstream pipe 321 are also negatively charged. Meanwhile, the positive electrode of the power source 430 is connected to the connection pipe 420, so that the connection pipe 420 is charged with positive charges, and when the particles charged with negative charges flow through the second connection point 324, the particles are more easily attracted by the positive charges in the connection pipe 420, are concentrated in the connection pipe 420, and flow to the second reaction device 131. According to such setting, can effectively improve the concentration of the particulate matter that flows through second reaction unit 131, be favorable to the second reaction unit 131 to measuring the entrapment of the particulate matter in the sample gas and improving the heat signal intensity of production to can show the accuracy of improvement to the testing result of measuring particulate matter emission in the sample gas.
As further shown in fig. 4, in another embodiment of the present invention, the measurement system may further comprise: a second electrode 440, which may be disposed in the second midstream section of tubing 322; and a second pole of the power supply 430 may also be connected to the second electrode 440 and the second midstream section of tubing 322. In some embodiments, the second electrode 440 may be implemented in the form of a plate. In other embodiments, the second electrode 440 and the wall of the second midstream section of pipe 322 may both be made of metal. The second pole is connected to the second midstream section of pipe 322, which may be connected to the wall of the second midstream section of pipe 322, so that the inner wall of the second midstream section of pipe 322 is charged with the second pole. For convenience of describing the beneficial effects of the present embodiment, the following description will proceed with the example where the first electrode is a positive electrode and the second electrode is a negative electrode, and is combined with fig. 4.
The second electrode 440 and the second midstream section of tubing 322 can be negatively charged by connecting the negative pole of the power supply 430 to the second electrode 440 and the second midstream section of tubing 322. According to the arrangement, the second electrode 440 with negative charges and the second midstream pipeline 322 generate a charge repulsion effect on the particles with negative charges, so that the particles can be effectively prevented from entering the second midstream pipeline 322 and flowing downstream, the enrichment of the particles at the connecting pipe 420 is further facilitated, and the effect of improving the accuracy of the detection result are remarkable.
While the system including the first electrode and the power source of the embodiment of the present invention is described above with reference to fig. 4, it is understood that the above description is illustrative and not restrictive, for example, the first electrode may not be limited to a positive electrode, in other application scenarios, the first electrode may be configured to be a negative electrode, and the second electrode may be configured to be a positive electrode, so that the particles are positively charged to be enriched at the negatively charged connecting tube 420. In other embodiments, according to the arrangement of the first electrode and the like in the measurement system, the reference system may also be arranged correspondingly, and details are not repeated here. In still other embodiments, the concentration of particulate matter flowing through the second reaction device may be further increased by controlling the flow rate. As will be described below in connection with fig. 5.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a system including a flow controller according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, system 500 may include: a sampling device, a reference system, a measurement system, and a power supply 430, wherein the sampling device may include a sampling manifold 111 and first and second sampling legs 112, 113 connected to the sampling manifold 111; the reference system may include the particulate matter trapping device 121, a zigzag-shaped reference conduit, which may include a first upstream-stage conduit 311, a first midstream-stage conduit 312, and a first downstream-stage conduit 313, a second upstream-stage conduit 321, a second midstream-stage conduit 322, and a second downstream-stage conduit 323, and the first reaction device 122, may include a zigzag-shaped measurement conduit, which may include a first electrode 410, a second electrode 440, a connection pipe 420, and a second reaction device 131. The above is described in detail with reference to fig. 4, and the details are not repeated herein.
As further shown in fig. 5, in one embodiment of the present invention, the reference system may further comprise: a first flow controller 510 connectable to the exhaust end of the first downstream segment pipe 313 for controlling the flow of the first gas flowing through the first downstream segment pipe 313; and a second flow controller 520, which may be connected to the exhaust end of the first reaction device 122, for controlling the flow of the second gas flowing through the first reaction device 122; the measurement system may further include: a third flow controller 530, which may be connected to the exhaust end of the second downstream-stage pipe 323, for controlling the flow rate of the third gas flowing through the second downstream-stage pipe 323; and a fourth flow controller 540, which may be connected to the exhaust end of the second reaction device 131, for controlling the flow of the fourth gas flowing through the second reaction device 131.
In some embodiments, the exhaust end may be understood as an outlet from which gas flows out of the corresponding pipe or device. In other embodiments, first flow controller 510, second flow controller 520, third flow controller 530, and fourth flow controller 540 may be mass flow controllers. Further, the system 500 may further include: a control unit 550, which may be connected with the first flow controller 510, the second flow controller 520, the third flow controller 530, and the fourth flow controller 540, and is configured to: controlling the flow of the second gas to be less than the flow of the first gas; controlling the flow of the fourth gas to be less than the flow of the third gas; controlling the first gas flow rate to be equal to the third gas flow rate; and controlling the second gas flow rate to be equal to the fourth gas flow rate. In some embodiments, the control unit 550 may include one or more of a processor, a smart terminal, a calculator, and the like.
It is understood that the concentration of the sample gas components entering the first reaction device 122 and the second reaction device 131 can be further concentrated by controlling the flow rate of the second gas to be smaller than the flow rate of the first gas, and controlling the flow rate of the fourth gas to be smaller than the flow rate of the third gas. Particularly, when the characteristics of the first electrode 410 and the power supply 430 are combined, the flow rate of the gas flowing through the connection pipe 420 can be reduced while the particles are enriched in the connection pipe 420, so that the concentration of the particles in the sample gas entering the second reaction device 131 can be greatly increased, and the accuracy of the detection result of the content of the particles can be improved.
Furthermore, by controlling the first gas flow to be equal to the third gas flow and the second gas flow to be equal to the fourth gas flow, the gas flows entering the first sampling branch pipe 112 and the second sampling branch pipe 113 can be made to be the same, that is, the gas flows are equivalent to average distribution of the tail gas sample gas absorbed by the sampling main pipe 111, which is beneficial to subsequent calculation of the emission amount of particulate matters in the tail gas, and it can be ensured that the background value detected by the reference system can be the same as the actual background value of the measurement system, so that an accurate particulate matter detection result can be obtained by the difference value between the two values.
While a system including a flow controller according to an embodiment of the present invention has been described above with reference to fig. 5, it is to be understood that the above description is exemplary and not limiting, and for example, in another embodiment, a device for diluting a sample gas may be further included, as will be described below with reference to fig. 6.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a system including an intake pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the system 600 may include a sampling device, a reference system, a measurement system, and a power supply 430, wherein the sampling device may include a sampling header 111, a first sampling leg 112, and a second sampling leg 113; the reference system may include the particulate matter trapping device 121, a zigzag-shaped reference conduit, which may include the first upstream-stage conduit 311, the first midstream-stage conduit 312, and the first downstream-stage conduit 313, the first reaction device 122, the first flow controller 510, and the second flow controller 520, the measurement system may include a zigzag-shaped measurement conduit, which may include the second upstream-stage conduit 321, the second midstream-stage conduit 322, and the second downstream-stage conduit 323, the first electrode 410, the second electrode 440, the connection pipe 420, the second reaction device 131, the third flow controller 530, and the fourth flow controller 540. The above is described in detail with reference to fig. 5, and the details are not repeated herein.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the system 600 may further comprise: a first gas inlet pipe 610 having one end for sucking a diluent gas and the other end connectable between the first sample branch pipe 112 and the reference system; a second gas inlet pipe 620, one end of which is used to suck the dilution gas, and the other end of which can be connected between the second sampling branch pipe 113 and the measurement system; a fifth flow controller 630, which may be disposed on the first inlet conduit 610, for controlling the flow of the first diluent gas into the reference system; and a sixth flow controller 640, which may be disposed on the second intake pipe 620, for controlling the flow of the second diluent gas into the measurement system.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the other end of the first intake pipe 610 may be connected between the first sampling branch pipe 112 and the particulate matter trapping device 121 in the reference system, and the other end of the second intake pipe 620 may be connected between the second sampling branch pipe 113 and the zigzag-shaped measurement line in the measurement system. In some embodiments, the dilution gas may be air. In other embodiments, the dilution gas may include an inert gas, a non-reducing gas, or the like. The dilution gas is a gas for diluting the reference sample gas in the reference system and the measurement sample gas in the measurement system.
By mixing and diluting the sample gas before entering the reference system and the measurement system, the temperature of the sample gas entering the system can be reduced, so that the sample gas with high temperature tail gas is prevented from damaging equipment in the system, and the influence of higher temperature on the state of components in the sample gas is reduced; the flow speed of the sample gas can be diluted (or reduced), so that the subsequent devices such as the particulate matter trapping device 121 can be facilitated to trap and detect the particulate matter in the mixed gas.
Further, the fifth flow controller 630 and the sixth flow controller 640 can control the flow of the diluent gas entering the system, so as to control the temperature of the diluted sample gas and facilitate the subsequent calculation of the exhaust gas particulate matter emission. In some embodiments, fifth flow controller 630 and sixth flow controller 640 may be mass flow controllers. In other embodiments, the zigzag reference conduit may have an inner diameter larger than that of the first intake conduit 610, and the zigzag measurement conduit may have an inner diameter larger than that of the second intake conduit 620.
As further shown in fig. 6, in one embodiment of the invention, the system 600 may further comprise: an air inlet pipe 650 has one end for sucking external air (air flowing direction as shown by arrows in the drawing) and the other end connected to the first and second air inlet pipes 610 and 620 and for supplying air to the first and second air inlet pipes 610 and 620. In another embodiment, the system 600 may further include a purifier 660, which may be disposed on the air intake pipe 650, for purifying air flowing into the air intake pipe 650. In this embodiment, the dilution gas may be purified air. In still other embodiments, the air inlet pipe 650 is connected to the first air inlet pipe 610 and the second air inlet pipe 620, and may be implemented in a branch manner not only in the illustrated embodiment, but also by a tee joint.
Carry diluent gas to first intake pipe 610 and second intake pipe 620 through setting up same air intake pipe, can guarantee to enter first intake pipe 610 and the composition that gets into the diluent gas of second intake pipe 620 is the same completely, is favorable to avoiding the influence that diluent gas probably produced the testing result, and then is favorable to guaranteeing the accuracy of testing result. In another embodiment of the present invention, the first air inlet pipe 610 and the second air inlet pipe 620 may be connected to different air inlet pipes respectively, so as to control air sources input into the first air inlet pipe 610 and the second air inlet pipe 620 respectively.
Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, the system 600 may further include: a gas flow meter 670, which may be arranged on the exhaust gas emission line 10, for detecting an exhaust gas emission flow rate in the exhaust gas emission line 10. For ease of understanding, the gas flow meter 670 is shown in the figure as being disposed in the exhaust line 10 of a diesel engine. In some embodiments, the gas flow meter 670 may be arranged inside the exhaust gas emission pipeline 10. In other embodiments, the gas flow meter 670 may be disposed outside of the exhaust emission line 10. The real-time (or instantaneous) total amount of exhaust emissions (e.g., total mass or total volume, etc.) can be derived from the exhaust emissions flow rate detected by the gas flow meter 670 in real time.
As further shown in fig. 6, the system 600 may further include a control unit 550, which may be connected to at least the reference system and the measurement system (the connection relationship is shown by a dotted line in the figure), and may be used to determine the amount of particulate matter discharged from the measurement sample gas according to the detection results of the reference system and the measurement system. In some embodiments, the control unit 550 may determine the amount of particulate matter discharged from the sample gas according to the difference between the signals detected by the first reaction device and the second reaction device. In other embodiments, the control unit 550 may determine the amount of particulate matter discharged from the measurement sample gas according to the difference between the temperature changes detected by the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor. In still other embodiments, the connection between the control unit 550 and the devices in the system may include a wireless connection, a wired connection, or the like. The control unit 550 is connected to each device, and is configured to control operation of each device and determine an amount of particulate matter discharged from the exhaust gas according to data detected by each device.
The control unit 550 shown in the figure can be connected to the particulate trapping device 121, the first reaction device 122, the first temperature sensor (not shown in the figure), the first flow controller 510 and the second flow controller 520 in the reference system, and can be used for: controlling the temperature of the thermostat devices of the particulate matter trapping device 121 and the first reaction device 122; receiving temperature change data detected by a first temperature sensor; and controls the first gas flow rate of the first flow controller 510 and the second gas flow rate of the second flow controller 520. The control unit 550 may be connected to the second reaction device 131, the second temperature sensor (not shown), the third flow controller 530 and the fourth flow controller 540 in the measurement system, and may be configured to: controlling the temperature of the second thermostatic device of the second reaction device 131; receiving temperature change data detected by a second temperature sensor; and controls the third gas flow rate of the third flow controller 530 and the fourth gas flow rate of the fourth flow controller 540.
Further, the control unit 550 can be connected to the gas flow meter 670 and is configured to determine the amount of particulate matter discharged from the exhaust gas according to at least the exhaust gas discharge flow rate and the measured amount of particulate matter discharged from the sample gas. Specifically, the proportional relationship between the exhaust gas sample gas for detection and the total exhaust gas emission amount in the exhaust gas emission pipeline 10 and the proportional relationship between the reference sample gas and the measurement sample gas can be obtained according to the first gas flow, the second gas flow, the third gas flow, the fourth gas flow and the exhaust gas emission flow, so that the particulate matter emission amount in the exhaust gas can be determined. Further, the exhaust emission flow rate in the exhaust emission pipeline 10 can be monitored in real time through the gas flow meter 670, and the first flow controller 510, the second flow controller 520, the third flow controller 530 and the fourth flow controller 540 are controlled, so that the purpose of keeping a certain proportion of sampling in the sampling process is achieved, the subsequent detection and analysis of the particulate matter emission amount are facilitated, and the detection accuracy is ensured.
In some embodiments, the control unit 550 may be further connected to the fifth flow controller 630 and the sixth flow controller 640, and may be configured to determine the amount of particulate matter discharged from the exhaust gas according to a proportional relationship between the gas flow meter 670 and the values detected by the respective flow controllers and the measured amount of particulate matter discharged from the sample gas when the dilution gas is input into the system.
As shown in fig. 6, the system 600 may further include an exhaust manifold 680 and a gas extraction device 690, wherein the exhaust manifold 680 may be connected to the exhaust ends of the first flow controller 510 and the second flow controller 520 in the reference system, and may also be connected to the exhaust ends of the third flow controller 530 and the fourth flow controller 540 in the measurement system, and is configured to receive gas exhausted from the reference system and the measurement system to be exhausted to the outside (see the gas flow direction indicated by the arrows in the drawing).
A gas extraction device 690, as described above, may be disposed on the exhaust manifold 680 and used to provide motive force for gas flow within the system 600, which may include, for example, motive force during sampling and during gas flow. In one embodiment, the gas-withdrawal device 690 can provide the motive force for the sampling manifold 111 to draw off the exhaust gas. In another embodiment, the air extraction assembly 690 may provide the motive force for the air inlet 650 to extract ambient air. In still other embodiments, the suction device 690 can be a centrifugal pump or the like.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting the amount of particulate matter discharged from exhaust gas by using the system of any one of fig. 1 to 6 of the present invention, comprising: the method comprises the following steps that a sampling main pipe in a sampling device is used for sucking tail gas in a tail gas discharge pipeline, and a first sampling branch pipe and a second sampling branch pipe which are connected with the sampling main pipe are used for distributing sucked tail gas sample gas to a reference system and a measuring system; the method comprises the following steps of trapping particulate matters in a reference sample gas flowing through a reference system by using a particulate matter trapping device in the reference system, and treating and detecting other components except the particulate matters in the reference sample gas by using a first reaction device in the reference system; processing and detecting the measurement sample gas flowing through the measurement system by using a second reaction device in the measurement system; and determining the emission of the particulate matters in the measured sample gas according to the detection results of the reference system and the measurement system. The method according to the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail in the foregoing with reference to the system, and is not described herein again.
Through the above description, those skilled in the art can understand that in the above solution of the present invention and its different embodiments, the two branches of the reference system and the measurement system are set to perform synchronous detection and comparison, and the detection result of the reference system is used as the background value of the detection result of the measurement system to achieve the purpose of detecting the emission amount of particulate matter; and because the reactions in the first reaction device and the second reaction device are carried out in real time, the detection data can be obtained in real time, and therefore the system based on the embodiment of the invention can realize the real-time detection of the emission of the particulate matters in the tail gas. The system provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of simplicity in operation, lower cost, accurate measurement result and the like, is wide in application range, and can be widely applied to motor vehicles or engineering machinery using diesel engines or gasoline engines as power. For example, in some application scenarios, the system of the embodiment of the present invention may be stably installed on a diesel-powered vehicle or machine to accurately measure the actual instantaneous particulate matter emission condition during the operation process of the vehicle or to quickly calculate the total particulate matter emission amount according to the collected data after the operation condition is over.
Further, the embodiment of the invention also provides various implementation modes for improving the accuracy of the detection result. For example, in some embodiments, it may be advantageous to increase the thermal signal in the reaction device for detection by providing a zigzag reference line and a zigzag measurement line. In other embodiments, the first electrode, the power supply and the like are arranged, so that the enrichment and the directional flow of the particles are facilitated, the concentration of the particles entering the second reaction device is facilitated, and the accuracy and the reliability of detection are improved. In still other embodiments, by providing the first flow controller 510, the second flow controller 520, the third flow controller 530, and the fourth flow controller 540, the gas distribution ratio of the first sampling branch 112 and the second sampling branch 113 may be controlled and the accuracy of the detection result may be improved.
While various embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described herein, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that such embodiments are provided by way of example only. Numerous modifications, changes, and substitutions will occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be understood that various alternatives to the embodiments of the invention described herein may be employed in practicing the invention. It is intended that the following claims define the scope of the invention and that compositions of parts, equivalents, or alternatives within the scope of these claims be covered thereby.
Claims (10)
1. A system for detecting an amount of particulate matter emitted from an exhaust gas, comprising:
the sampling device comprises a sampling main pipe, a first sampling branch pipe and a second sampling branch pipe, wherein the first sampling branch pipe and the second sampling branch pipe are connected with the sampling main pipe;
the reference system comprises a particulate matter trapping device and a first reaction device which are sequentially connected, wherein the particulate matter trapping device is connected with the first sampling branch pipe and is used for trapping particulate matters in a reference sample gas flowing through the reference system, and the first reaction device is used for treating and detecting other components except the particulate matters in the reference sample gas; and
and the measuring system comprises a second reaction device which is connected with the second sampling branch pipe and is used for processing and detecting the measuring sample gas flowing through the measuring system.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the first reaction device comprises:
a first filter on which an oxidation catalyst is coated; and
a first thermostat disposed on the first filter for controlling a temperature of the first filter;
the reference system further comprises:
a first temperature sensor disposed inside the first filter for detecting a temperature change inside the first filter;
preferably, the second reaction device comprises:
a second filter on which an oxidation catalyst is coated; and
a second thermostat disposed on the second filter for controlling a temperature of the second filter;
the measurement system further comprises:
a second temperature sensor disposed inside the second filter for detecting a temperature change inside the second filter;
preferably, the particulate matter trapping device includes:
a third filter connected to the first sampling branch pipe and configured to filter the reference sample gas to trap the particulate matter in the reference sample gas; and
a third thermostatic device arranged on the third filter for controlling the temperature of the third filter.
3. The system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the reference system further comprises:
the Z-shaped reference pipeline is connected between the particulate matter trapping device and the first reaction device and comprises a first upstream pipeline, a first midstream pipeline and a first downstream pipeline which are sequentially connected along a Z shape, wherein the first upstream pipeline is connected with the particulate matter trapping device, and a first connection part of the first upstream pipeline and the first midstream pipeline is connected with the first reaction device;
the measurement system further comprises:
the Z-shaped measuring pipeline is connected between the second sampling branch pipe and the second reaction device and comprises a second upstream section pipeline, a second midstream section pipeline and a second downstream section pipeline which are sequentially connected along a Z shape, wherein the second upstream section pipeline is connected with the second sampling branch pipe, and a second connection part of the second upstream section pipeline and the second midstream section pipeline is connected with the second reaction device;
preferably, the first upstream section pipeline, the first midstream section pipeline and the first downstream section pipeline are arranged in parallel; and
the second upstream section pipeline, the second midstream section pipeline and the second downstream section pipeline are arranged in parallel.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein,
the inner diameter of the Z-shaped reference pipeline is larger than that of the first sampling branch pipe; and
the inner diameter of the Z-shaped measuring pipeline is larger than that of the second sampling branch pipe.
5. The system of claim 3 or 4, the measurement system further comprising:
a first electrode disposed in the second upstream segment of tubing; and
a connecting pipe connected between the second connection point and the second reaction device;
the system further comprises:
a power supply having a first pole connected to the connection pipe and a second pole connected to the first electrode and the second upstream pipe, wherein the first pole is one of a positive pole and a negative pole, and the second pole is the other of the positive pole and the negative pole;
preferably, the measurement system further comprises:
a second electrode disposed in the second midstream section of tubing; and is
The second pole of the power supply is also connected with the second electrode and the second midstream section pipeline;
preferably, the first pole is a positive pole and the second pole is a negative pole.
6. The system according to any of claims 3-5, wherein the reference system further comprises:
the first flow controller is connected with the exhaust end of the first downstream pipeline and is used for controlling the flow of the first gas flowing through the first downstream pipeline; and
the second flow controller is connected with the exhaust end of the first reaction device and is used for controlling the flow of the second gas flowing through the first reaction device;
the measurement system further comprises:
a third flow controller connected to the exhaust end of the second downstream pipeline, for controlling a third gas flow flowing through the second downstream pipeline; and
the fourth flow controller is connected with the exhaust end of the second reaction device and is used for controlling the flow of a fourth gas flowing through the second reaction device;
preferably, the system further comprises:
a control unit connected to the first flow controller, the second flow controller, the third flow controller, and the fourth flow controller, and configured to:
controlling the second gas flow rate to be less than the first gas flow rate;
controlling the fourth gas flow to be less than the third gas flow;
controlling the first gas flow rate to be equal to the third gas flow rate; and
controlling the second gas flow rate to be equal to the fourth gas flow rate.
7. The system of any of claims 1-6, further comprising:
one end of the first gas inlet pipe is used for sucking diluent gas, and the other end of the first gas inlet pipe is connected between the first sampling branch pipe and the reference system;
one end of the second gas inlet pipe is used for sucking diluent gas, and the other end of the second gas inlet pipe is connected between the second sampling branch pipe and the measuring system;
a fifth flow controller disposed on the first gas inlet line for controlling the flow of the first diluent gas into the reference system; and
a sixth flow controller, arranged on the second gas inlet pipe, for controlling the flow of the second dilution gas flowing into the measurement system;
preferably, the system further comprises:
one end of the air inlet pipe is used for sucking outside air, and the other end of the air inlet pipe is connected with the first air inlet pipe and the second air inlet pipe and used for conveying the air to the first air inlet pipe and the second air inlet pipe; and
and the purifier is arranged on the air inlet pipe and is used for purifying the air flowing into the air inlet pipe.
8. The system of any of claims 1-7, further comprising:
the control unit is connected with at least the reference system and the measuring system and is used for determining the emission amount of the particulate matters in the measuring sample gas according to the detection results of the reference system and the measuring system;
preferably, the system further comprises:
the gas flowmeter is arranged on the tail gas discharge pipeline and used for detecting the tail gas discharge flow in the tail gas discharge pipeline; and
the control unit is further connected with the gas flowmeter and used for determining the emission amount of the particulate matters in the tail gas at least according to the emission flow of the tail gas and the emission amount of the particulate matters in the measurement sample gas.
9. The system of any of claims 1-8, further comprising:
a gas discharge manifold connected to the reference system and the measurement system and adapted to receive gas discharged from the reference system and the measurement system; and
a gas extraction device disposed on the exhaust manifold and configured to provide motive force for gas flow within the system.
10. A method for detecting the amount of particulate matter emitted from exhaust gas using the system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
the method comprises the following steps that a sampling main pipe in a sampling device is used for sucking tail gas in a tail gas discharge pipeline, and a first sampling branch pipe and a second sampling branch pipe which are connected with the sampling main pipe are used for distributing sucked tail gas sample gas to a reference system and a measuring system;
the method comprises the following steps of trapping particulate matters in a reference sample gas flowing through a reference system by using a particulate matter trapping device in the reference system, and treating and detecting other components except the particulate matters in the reference sample gas by using a first reaction device in the reference system;
processing and detecting the measurement sample gas flowing through the measurement system by using a second reaction device in the measurement system; and
and determining the emission of the particulate matters in the measurement sample gas according to the detection results of the reference system and the measurement system.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117191421A (en) * | 2023-08-29 | 2023-12-08 | 中汽研汽车检验中心（天津）有限公司 | Device and method for brake wear particulate emissions testing |
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