CN114576291A - Low-dragging stable return system for fixed calipers - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of fixed brakes, and discloses a low-drag stable return system for fixed calipers. And the designed rectangular sealing ring can self-adaptively adjust the clearance between the brake pad and the brake disc.

Description

Low-dragging stable return system for fixed calipers

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of brakes, in particular to a low-drag stable return system for fixed calipers.

Background

The friction plate of the existing fixed caliper disc brake has no active return function, and when the brake is performed each time, the friction plate clamps a brake disc under the action of a piston to generate braking force so as to decelerate or stop the vehicle; when braking is finished, the piston firstly returns, and then the friction plate is thrown away from the brake disc through rotation of the brake disc to realize the return of the friction plate. Chinese patent CN201911396613.0 discloses an active return mechanism of friction plate, which utilizes a tower spring structure to provide assistance for the return of brake pad, but this structure has the following disadvantages that the tower spring directly contacts with the brake pad, which is prone to have uneven stress, and the brake pad with this structure is prone to be unstable in the return process, and the spring is prone to have larger noise due to the friction with the guide pin.

Because the deformation of the edge of the rectangular sealing ring is very small, when the brake is not used, each side of the gap between the friction plate of the brake block and the brake disc is only about 0.1mm, so as to ensure the contact brake. When the brake disc expands due to heating, the thickness changes only slightly, so that the dragging phenomenon cannot occur. However, the disc brake can not use the alcohol brake fluid which is easy to expand when heated. The piston can still overcome the friction force of the sealing ring to continuously move under the hydraulic action until the friction plate presses the brake disc.

With the further tightening of emission regulations and the recent guidance of new energy industry policies in China, the industry chain is gradually improved, and new energy automobiles are gradually accepted by the market.

At present, energy conservation, low carbon, intellectualization and light weight of automobiles are important technical development trends, and with the rapid development of domestic new energy automobiles, a brake system also faces new challenges. On the one hand, the brakes are required to be lighter and more energy-saving, and on the other hand, the brakes are required to work more sensitively and reliably.

In the face of more strict energy consumption requirements of new energy automobiles, various main engine plants respectively put forward higher requirements on automobile part suppliers, wherein an aluminum alloy brake caliper is an important requirement.

The fuel consumption limit standard is gradually tightened, the fuel saving advantage of the fixed caliper can be obviously reflected, the fuel saving is required, the dragging torque becomes a key performance index, the dragging torque is increased, and further the fuel consumption of the automobile is increased, so that the overall performance of the brake caliper is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of large dragging resistance, incapability of self-adaptive adjustment of gaps and the like in the prior art, the invention provides a low-dragging stable return system for fixed calipers.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention is solved by the following technical scheme:

a low-drag stable return system for a fixed caliper comprises a caliper body, an inner brake pad and an outer brake pad, wherein a brake area for clamping a brake disc to brake is formed between the inner brake pad and the outer brake pad;

the first return structure is axially arranged to axially position and axially return the inner brake piece and the outer brake piece, the first return structure comprises a first return piece which can axially stretch out and draw back, two ends of the first return piece are abutting ends, the distance between the two abutting ends changes along with the stretching of the first return piece, and two ends of the first return piece respectively abut against the inner sides of the inner brake piece and the outer brake piece; the first return structure further comprises a first return spring body, the first return spring body is supported at the abutting ends at two ends of the first return piece, elastic potential energy is accumulated when the first return piece is compressed, and when the first return spring body releases the elastic potential energy, the distance between the abutting ends of the first return piece under the action of the first return spring body is increased, so that the inner brake piece and the outer brake piece are returned;

second return structure is including extending the setting braking piece including, the direction ear of outer braking piece lateral part, still including being used for making second return spring body of interior braking piece and outer braking piece return through supporting the direction ear, the face that second return spring body and direction ear were contradicted is the conflict face, the conflict face is the arcwall face, the notch of arcwall face is towards braking district, the position that second return spring body and conflict face are contradicted is for propping to touch the position, the conflict position is the line or face, the conflict position is in the horizontal plane at interior braking piece or outer braking piece center place.

Preferably, the guide lug is an arc-shaped piece, a notch of the arc-shaped piece faces the braking area, after the inner braking piece or the outer braking piece is abraded, the horizontal plane where the gravity center of the inner braking piece or the outer braking piece is located is still intersected with the arc-shaped surface of the abutting surface, when the inner braking piece and the outer braking piece abut against the braking disc, the contact position changes along with the abrasion abutting position of the inner braking piece or the outer braking piece, and when the inner braking piece and the outer braking piece abut against the braking disc, the contact position is located on the horizontal plane where the gravity center of the inner braking piece or the outer braking piece is located when the braking is locked.

Preferably, the guide lug, the inner brake piece and the outer brake piece are of an integrally formed structure, the second return spring body is a spring piece of an integrally formed structure and comprises a contact part at one end, a fixing part at the other end and a connecting part connected between the contact part and the fixing part, the contact part comprises a contact strip at the end part and a first return part, the contact strip extends along the width direction of the guide sleeve, the first return part is a first semicircular return plate formed by bending, and a return opening is formed in the middle of the first semicircular return plate; the connecting portion comprises a first return plate and a second return plate bent at one end of the first return plate, the other end of the second return plate is bent to form a first resilience portion, the second return plate is a straight plate, and a second resilience portion is formed between the second return plate and the first return plate.

Preferably, the brake caliper further comprises a caliper body, an installation area for installing the inner brake pad and the outer brake pad is formed in the middle of the caliper body, placing cavities for placing the inner brake pad and the outer brake pad are formed in the inner end face and the outer surface of the middle of the installation area, fixing tables are formed on two sides of the placing cavities, the second return spring body is fixed on the fixing tables, notches are formed in the edges where the placing cavities and the fixing tables are located, and the guide lugs are located in the notches.

Preferably, the first return structure comprises a first return piece, a channel for inserting the guide shaft is arranged in the middle of the first return piece, the first return piece comprises a first sliding piece and a second sliding piece which are coaxially arranged and can slide relative to each other, the first return spring body is a spiral return spring, one end of the return spring is abutted against the first sliding piece, the other end of the return spring is abutted against the second sliding piece, the first sliding piece and the second sliding piece move in opposite directions to extrude the return spring, and the first sliding piece and the second sliding piece move in opposite directions when the return spring releases elastic potential energy.

Preferably, the first sliding part and the second sliding part are pipe fittings, the first sliding part is inserted in the second sliding part in a sliding manner, and inner holes of the first sliding part and the second sliding part are in clearance fit; the end part of the first sliding part is provided with a stop seat, the end part of the second sliding part is provided with a stop seat, and two ends of the return spring are respectively abutted against the stop seat of the first sliding part and the stop seat of the second sliding part; the middle part of the first sliding part is a first through hole penetrating through two ends of the first sliding part, the middle part of the second sliding part is a second through hole penetrating through two ends of the second sliding part, and the first sliding part is inserted into the second through hole.

Preferably, the brake further comprises an auxiliary return mechanism, the auxiliary return mechanism is arranged on the disc inlet side and comprises a third return spring body and a fourth return spring body, the third return spring body is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the caliper body, the fourth spring body is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the caliper body, the inner brake disc and the outer brake disc are respectively provided with an auxiliary return mechanism and are connected into connecting holes, at least two connecting holes are formed in the inner brake disc and the outer brake disc, the free end of the third return spring body is inserted into the connecting hole of the inner brake disc, the inner brake disc moves to drive the third return spring body to deform and accumulate potential energy, the free end of the fourth return spring body is inserted into the connecting hole of the outer brake disc, the outer brake disc moves to drive the fourth return spring body to deform and accumulate potential energy, the third return spring body is two spring bodies or an integrated single spring body, and the fourth return spring body is two spring bodies or an integrated single spring body.

Preferably, the pliers body comprises an inner pliers body and an outer pliers body, piston cavities are formed in the inner pliers body and the outer pliers body, a driving piston is arranged in each piston cavity, a rectangular groove is formed in each piston cavity, a rectangular sealing ring is installed in each rectangular groove, the rectangular sealing ring and the driving piston are in interference fit, the bottom face of each rectangular groove is an inclined plane, the inclination of the inclined plane is 8-12 degrees, a chamfer is arranged at the edge of each rectangular groove, the width of each chamfer is 0.6-1.2 mm, and the degree of each chamfer is 55-70 degrees.

Preferably, the clamp body is of an aluminum alloy structure, the piston return amount of the outer clamp body is designed to be 0.05-0.3 mm, and the piston return amount of the inner clamp body is designed to be 0.03-0.20 mm.

Preferably, the outer sides of the inner brake piece and the outer brake piece are both provided with a balancing weight, and the balancing weight is fixedly connected with the inner brake piece and the outer brake piece through bolts.

Through the technical scheme, the invention has the following technical effects:

the invention designs a low-dragging stable return system for fixed calipers, creatively designs a guide lug structure, and the cambered surface structure of the guide lug can enable a collision point to be always at the same horizontal height with the plane where the gravity center of a brake pad body is located, so that the return process is quicker, the dragging phenomenon is avoided, the brake pad is more stable, the contact surface of the brake pad in each contact is larger, and the larger brake area is ensured. The return mechanism that this scheme designed can assist the return to the braking piece in the both sides of dish play side, dish income side and brake disc, so whole return is very steady, can guarantee that interior braking piece and outer braking piece are reliable with the laminating area of brake disc.

Meanwhile, finite element analysis is carried out on the inner and outer brake caliper bodies through structural optimization, different deformation amounts of the inner and outer brakes are calculated, different piston return amounts of the inner and outer brakes are designed through design and matching of rectangular grooves, and the pistons can effectively return under different working conditions.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the brake.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the back side of the brake caliper.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a first return structure.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the first return element.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a second return structure.

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic view of a second return spring body.

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the third return spring body.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the fourth return spring body.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the brake.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of a rectangular groove.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the caliper body, return spring body, and brake pad according to embodiment 4.

Fig. 12 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 11.

Fig. 13 is an exploded view of fig. 12.

FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing the support of the ratchet unit and the back plate according to embodiment 4.

The names of the parts indicated by the numerical references in the drawings are as follows: 300-inner caliper, 340-outer caliper, 301-inner caliper, 302-outer caliper, 303-braking zone, 304-disc-in side, 305-disc-out side, 306-first return structure, 307-second return structure, 308-first return member, 309-contact end, 310-first return spring, 312-guide lug, 313-contact surface, 314-contact end, 315-contact portion, 316-fixing portion, 317-connecting portion, 318-first resilient portion, 319-first semi-circular resilient plate, 320-resilient opening, 321-first return plate, 322-second return plate, 323-second resilient portion, 324-mounting zone, 325-placing cavity, 326-fixing table, 327-notch, 328-first slider, 329-second slider, 330-return spring, 331-retaining seat, 332-third return spring, 333-fourth return spring, 334-connecting hole, 335-piston cavity, 336-drive spring body, 334-fourth return spring, 334-connecting hole, 335-piston cavity, 336-drive piston cavity, 337-rectangular groove, 338-rectangular sealing ring, 339-counterweight.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a low-drag smooth return system for a fixed caliper, which comprises a caliper body, an inner brake pad 301 and an outer brake pad 302, wherein a brake area 303 for clamping a brake disc is formed between the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302, one sides of the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302 close to the center of the brake disc are disc-in sides 304, and the primary sides far away from the center disc are disc-out sides 305, the low-drag system comprises a first return structure 306 designed on the disc-out sides 305, and second return structures 307 arranged on the radial left side and the radial right side of the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302; first return structure 306 and second return structure 307 can play limiting displacement to the limit portion of inside brake piece 301 and outer brake piece 302 in this scheme, can play the return function simultaneously, and this process can not produce the noise, and the return process can not produce moreover and rocks.

The first return structure 306 is axially arranged to axially position and axially return the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302, the first return structure 306 includes a first return piece 308 capable of axially extending and retracting, two ends of the first return piece 308 are abutting ends 309, a distance between the two abutting ends 309 changes along with extension and retraction of the first return piece 308, and two ends of the first return piece 308 abut against the inner sides of the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302 respectively; the first return structure 306 further includes a first return spring body 310, the first return spring body 310 supports the abutting ends 309 at two ends of the first return element 308, elastic potential energy is accumulated when the first return element 308 is compressed, and when the first return spring body 310 releases the elastic potential energy, the distance between the abutting ends 309 of the first return element 308 under the action of the first return spring body 310 is increased to return the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302.

In this embodiment, a channel for inserting the guide shaft is disposed in the middle of the first return member 308, the first return member 308 includes a first sliding member 328 and a second sliding member 329 which are coaxially disposed and can slide relative to each other, the first return spring body 310 is a spiral return spring 330, one end of the return spring 330 abuts against the first sliding member 328, the other end of the return spring 330 abuts against the second sliding member 329, the first sliding member 328 and the second sliding member 329 move in opposite directions to squeeze the return spring 330, and when the return spring 330 releases elastic potential energy, the first sliding member 328 and the second sliding member 329 move in opposite directions.

In this embodiment, the first sliding member 328 and the second sliding member 329 are pipe members, the first sliding member 328 is slidably inserted into the second sliding member 329, and inner holes of the first sliding member 328 and the second sliding member 329 are in clearance fit; a stop seat 331 is arranged at the end of the first sliding member 328, that is, the abutting end 309 is the stop seat 331, the stop seat 331 is an annular structure and is arranged at the ends of the first sliding member 328 and the second sliding member 329, the abutting end 309 at the end of the second sliding member 329 is also provided with the stop seat 331, and two ends of the return spring 330 respectively abut against the stop seat 331 of the first sliding member 328 and the stop seat 331 of the second sliding member 329; the first sliding member 328 has a first through hole penetrating both ends of the first sliding member 328 at a central portion thereof, the second sliding member 329 has a second through hole penetrating both ends of the second sliding member 329 at a central portion thereof, and the first sliding member 328 is inserted into the second through hole. The clamp further comprises a guide shaft which is fixedly inserted on the clamp body, and the middle part of the guide shaft is inserted in the first sliding piece 328 and the second sliding piece 329. The number of the guide shafts is two, and the guide shafts are distributed on two sides of the inner brake block 301 and the outer brake block 302.

In this embodiment, the second return structure 307 includes a guide lug 312 extending from the side of the inner brake pad 301 or the outer brake pad 302, and further includes a second return spring body for supporting the guide lug 312 to return the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302, a surface of the second return spring body abutting against the guide lug 312 is an abutting surface 313, the abutting surface 313 is an arc-shaped surface, a notch of the arc-shaped surface faces the brake area 303, a position of the second return spring body abutting against the abutting surface 313 is an abutting position 314, the abutting position 314 is a line or a surface, and the abutting position 314 is located on a horizontal plane where the center of the inner brake pad 301 or the outer brake pad 302 is located.

The guide lug 312 is an arc-shaped piece, a notch of the arc-shaped piece faces the brake area 303, after the inner brake pad 301 or the brake pad is abraded, the horizontal plane where the center of gravity of the inner brake pad 301 or the outer brake pad 302 is located is still intersected with the arc-shaped surface of the interference surface 313, when the inner brake pad 301 or the outer brake pad 302 is interfered with a brake disc, the contact position changes along with the position of the abrasion interference position 314 of the inner brake pad 301 or the outer brake pad 302, and when the brake is locked, the contact position is located on the horizontal plane where the center of gravity of the inner brake pad 301 or the outer brake pad 302 is located. The position of the contact position 314 is always kept horizontal with the gravity center of the brake pad, so that the brake pad can be more quickly and stably returned, and the dragging is less.

The guide lug 312, the inner brake piece 301 and the outer brake piece 302 are of an integrated structure, the second return spring body is a spring piece of an integrated structure, the second return spring body comprises a contact part 315 at one end, a fixing part 316 at the other end and a connecting part 317 connected between the contact part 315 and the fixing part 316, the contact part 315 comprises a contact strip at the end and a first return part 318, the contact strip extends along the width direction of the guide sleeve, the first return part 318 is a first semicircular return plate 319 formed by bending, and a return opening 320 is formed in the middle of the first semicircular return plate 319; the connecting portion 317 includes a first return plate 321 and a second return plate 322 bent at one end of the first return plate 321, the other end of the second return plate 322 is bent to form a first resilient portion 318, the second return plate 322 is a straight plate, and a second resilient portion 323 is formed between the second return plate 322 and the first return plate 321.

In the embodiment, an installation area 324 for installing the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302 is formed in the middle of the caliper body, a placement cavity 325 for placing the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302 is formed in the inner end surface and the outer surface of the middle of the installation area 324, fixing platforms 326 are formed on two sides of the placement cavity 325, the second return spring body is fixed on the fixing platforms 326, a notch 327 is formed in the edge where the placement cavity 325 and the fixing platforms 326 are connected, and the guide lug 312 is located in the notch 327. Specifically, the fixing portion 316 is mounted on the fixing base 326, and the connecting portion 317 and the abutting portion 315 are located in the slot 327 and abut against the guiding lug 312 in the slot 327.

In order to realize stable balance of the brake pad, the scheme also limits the disc entering side 304 of the brake pad and implements auxiliary return, so the embodiment further comprises an auxiliary return mechanism, the auxiliary return mechanism is arranged on the disc entering side 304, the auxiliary return mechanism comprises a third return spring body 332 and a fourth return spring body 333, the third return spring body 332 is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the caliper body, the fourth spring body is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the caliper body, the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302 are respectively provided with the auxiliary return mechanism which is connected into a connecting hole 334, the connecting holes 334 on the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302 are at least two, the free end of the third return spring body 332 is inserted into the connecting hole 334 of the inner brake pad 301, the inner brake pad 301 moves to drive the third return spring body 332 to deform and accumulate potential energy, the free end of the fourth return spring body 333 is inserted into the connecting hole 334 of the outer brake pad 302, the outer brake pad 302 moves to drive the fourth return spring body 333 to deform and accumulate potential energy, the third return spring body 332 is two spring body pieces or an integral single spring body piece, and the fourth return spring body 333 is two spring body pieces or an integral single spring body piece.

Since the space on the disc-in side 304 is limited, the structures of the third return spring body 332 and the fourth return spring body 333 need to be designed. The return spring body that chooses for use in this scheme is strip spring spare, and it has the space of practicing thrift, advantages such as simple to operate.

Because the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302 are subjected to different forces and deformation degrees, and the third return spring body 332 is mounted on the edge of the jaw side of the inner caliper body 300 in the embodiment, and is of a single spring body structure, so that the fixed mounting is facilitated.

The middle part of the third return spring body 332 is bent to form a fixing hole and is fixed on the inner caliper body 300 by a fixing screw, two ends of the third return spring body 332 are inserted into two insertion holes on the inner brake pad 301, and when the brake pad is braked to return, the return spring strip provides return force to assist the brake pad to return.

The fourth return spring body 333 is in a two-spring-strip structure, one end of the fourth return spring body 333 is fixed on the outer caliper body 340, the other end of the fourth return spring body 333 is connected in a connecting hole 334 on the brake piece, and the ends of the third return spring body 332 and the fourth return spring body 333 connected with the brake piece are in hook-shaped structures. So all be provided with return structure around the pincers body in this scheme, the braking piece can not take place the skew and rock at braking and return in-process, and is more steady safety.

In order to realize the self-adaptive adjustment of the brake clearance, the scheme is realized by adopting the following scheme.

The pincers body is including interior pincers body 300, outer pincers body 340, all be provided with piston chamber 335 in interior pincers body 300 and the outer pincers body 340, piston chamber 335 is physically provided with drive piston 336, be provided with rectangular channel 337 in the piston chamber 335, install rectangle sealing washer 338 in the rectangular channel 337, be interference fit between rectangle sealing washer 338 and the drive piston 336, the rectangular channel 337 bottom surface is 8 ~ 12 degrees for the inclined plane inclination, the limit portion of rectangular channel 337 is provided with the chamfer, the width of chamfer is 0.6mm ~ 1.2mm, the number of degrees of chamfer is 55 degrees ~ 70 degrees.

Since the caliper body deforms during braking and the piston itself has the greatest amount of deformation, the above-described arrangement needs to be dimensioned so as to meet the design requirements when initially setting the clearance. In the embodiment, the caliper body is an aluminum alloy structure, wherein the piston return amount of the outer caliper body 340 is designed to be 0.05 mm-0.3 mm, and the piston return amount of the inner caliper body 300 is 0.03-0.20 mm.

The piston can still overcome the friction force of the sealing ring to continuously move under the hydraulic action until the friction plate presses the brake disc. However, during contact braking, the rectangular seal 338 pushes the piston back the same distance as it was before the friction plate was worn. Namely, the clearance between the friction plate and the brake disc still keeps the standard value. It can be seen that the rectangular seal 338 can function both as the piston return spring 330 and as an automatic adjustment brake clearance.

The invention designs a low-dragging stable return system for fixed calipers, creatively designs a guide lug 312 structure, and the cambered surface structure of the guide lug 312 can enable a collision point to be always at the same horizontal height with the plane where the gravity center of a brake pad body is located, so that the return process is quicker, the dragging phenomenon is avoided, the brake pad is more stable, the contact surface of the brake pad in each contact is ensured to be larger, and the larger brake area is ensured. The return mechanism designed by the scheme can assist the brake pad to return at the disc outlet side 305, the disc inlet side 304 and two sides of the brake disc, so that the whole return is very stable, and the reliable attaching areas of the inner brake pad 301, the outer brake pad 302 and the brake disc can be ensured. Meanwhile, finite element analysis is carried out on the inner and outer brake caliper bodies through structural optimization, different deformation amounts of the inner and outer brakes are calculated, different piston return amounts of the inner and outer brakes are designed and matched through the rectangular groove 337, and the pistons can be effectively returned under different working conditions.

Example 2

The difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the weight 339 is installed on the disc-out side 305 of the inner brake plate 301 and the outer brake plate 302, and the weight 339 is fixedly connected with the inner brake plate 301 and the outer brake plate 302 through bolts.

Example 3

This embodiment is different from embodiment 2 in that: the inner caliper body 300 and the outer caliper body 340 are fixedly connected by bolts.

Example 4

As shown in fig. 11 to 14, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that, instead of a new type of second return mechanism, it includes a return spring body 601 having an elastic deformation recovery capability as a whole. The anchor plate 602 is used for fixing the return spring body 601 on the caliper body 614, and in the embodiment, the anchor plate 602 plays a role in designing the preset deformation 605 of the return spring body 601, that is, the anchor plate 602 does not deform when deforming to a certain degree of the preset deformation 605. And a side wing plate 603 connected to an edge of the anchor plate 602, wherein an angle between the side wing plate 603 and the anchor plate 602 is acute, and in the present embodiment, the side wing plate 603 and the brake disk are vertically disposed, so that the entire anchor plate 602 in an assembled state is inclined in a direction of the brake disk. The side wing plate 603 is provided with a supporting unit 604 for supporting a braking piece 618, the braking piece 618 can drive the side wing plate 603 to move axially by acting on the supporting unit 604 and drive the anchoring plate 602 to deform and accumulate elastic potential energy, a preset axial deformation 605 of the return spring body 601 is a preset braking gap, and when the return spring body 601 reaches the maximum deformation 605 of the return spring body 601 under the driving of the braking piece 618, the side wing plate 603 moves axially by the preset deformation 605; brake pad 618 brakes in contact with the brake rotor.

In the embodiment, the axial deformation 605 of the return spring body 601 is equal to the axial displacement of the joint of the anchor plate 602 and the flank 603, that is, the position is a reference position of the preset deformation 605. One end of the rivet plate is fixed and the other end is deformed to move axially by the urging of the stopper 618.

In this embodiment, the support unit 604 is a ratchet structure, the ratchet unit 606 includes a support surface 607 for contacting with the edge of the back plate side 620 of the catch 618 and a sliding surface 621 adjacent to the support surface 607, the sliding surface 621 intersects with the support surface 607 to form a ratchet structure of the ratchet unit 606, and the catch 618 can move synchronously with the side wing plate 603 in the axial direction by acting on the ratchet unit 606. The ratchet arrangement ensures that relative movement of the catch 618 is ensured in one direction, but not in the opposite direction, which is self-locking. When the amount of wear increases beyond the predetermined amount of clearance, the brake pad 618 slides relative to the side wing plate 603 and falls onto the adjacent support unit 604, thereby shortening the distance between the backing plate 612 and the brake disc, shortening the brake clearance, and performing an automatic compensation function. Since the supporting unit 604 has a ratchet structure, the back plate 612 and the side wings 603 do not move backward.

In this embodiment, the ratchet units 606 are flexible and changeable structures, the ratchet units 606 are axially arranged to form a ratchet structure, and the allowed movement direction of the ratchet structure is towards the brake disc; the brake plate 618 can only slide from the current ratchet unit 606 to the adjacent ratchet unit 606 in the direction close to the brake disc when the brake plate 618 requires a distance of axial movement for braking that is greater than the preset axial deformation 605 of the return spring body 601 and the axial deformation 605 of the ratchet unit 606.

In this embodiment, the support surface 607 is an arc surface, an inclined surface or a flat surface, the sliding surface 621 is an arc surface or an inclined surface, and the brake plate 618 can slide to the adjacent ratchet unit (606) under the pushing of the piston via the sliding surface, wherein the support unit 604 is a flexible and variable structure, that is, when the back plate 612 acts on the support unit 604, the support unit 604 can generate a certain adaptive deformation, so as to ensure that the back plate 612 maintains an optimal angular position relative to the piston 617, and at the same time, the friction force between the back plate 612 and the support unit 604 plays a proper damping role, so as to prevent all noise problems caused by vibration.

In this embodiment, both sides of the side wing plate 603 are provided with an inner baffle 610 and an outer baffle 611 for limiting the caliper gap side and the caliper back side 616 of the brake pad 618. The geometry of the return spring body 601 can ensure that the movement of the brake pad can be effectively and flexibly limited in the axial direction, the radial direction and the tangential direction. In this embodiment, the return spring body 601 is made of a self-lubricating material. The service life is prolonged.

The fixed caliper provided with the return spring body comprises a caliper body 614 and the return spring body 601, and at least comprises a brake pad consisting of a back plate 612 and a friction pad 613, wherein the return spring body 601 is fixedly arranged on both the disc-in side 608 and the disc-out side 609 of the brake pad; the return spring body 601 is the return spring body 601 of embodiment 1. Each brake pad 618 is provided with a return spring body 601 at the disc-in side 608 and disc-out side 609, which serves as a balance support.

Flank 603 surfaces contact either a disc entry side 608 or a disc exit side 609 of a backing plate 612 to control axial movement of brake pads 618; support element 604 is a flexible deformable structure that can adaptively adjust the position of brake pad 618 to maintain brake pad 618 and the brake disk in a parallel state.

In this embodiment, the back plate side wings 620 are supported on the supporting unit 604 and can deform under the action of the back plate 612; the back plate 612 drives the side wing plates 603 to axially move through the abutting support unit 604;

one end of the anchor plate 602 is fixed on the caliper body, the anchor plate 602 is a flexible plate and can generate elastic deformation under the driving of the brake pad 618, and the rest parts of the return spring can realize axial movement through the deformation of the anchor plate 602; the preset deformation 605 of this embodiment is the distance between the connection of anchor plate 602 and flank 603 and the fixing plane of anchor plate 602, because when the connection end of anchor plate 602 is deformed to a certain extent and is abutted against the fixing platform of anchor plate 602, at this time, anchor plate 602 is no longer deformed, so the distance of axial movement of the connection end of anchor plate 602 is the preset deformation 605, which has the advantages of simple design and reliable result.

The inner side surface of the side wing plate 603 is a plane, the support unit 604 is arranged on the plane area 619, and in the process that the brake pad 618 moves towards the brake disc, the back plate side wing 620 pushes towards the brake disc through the support unit 604; in the process, the sum of the force generated by the deformation of the supporting unit 604 and the friction force between the side wing plate 603 and the back plate 612 is equal to the deformation force of the anchor sheet for realizing the preset deformation force of the return spring body 601, and the sum of the force generated by the deformation of the supporting unit 604 and the friction force between the side wing plate 603 and the back plate 612 does not exceed the preset deformation force of the anchor sheet. Inner and outer baffles 610 and 611 for limiting a jaw side and a jaw back side 616 of the brake pad 618 are arranged on both sides of the side wing plate 603, and the inner baffle 610 contacts with a radial inner edge of the back plate 612 to limit radial inward movement of the brake pad 618; outer baffle 611 contacts the radially outer edge of backing plate 612 to limit outward radial movement of brake pads 618. The radial dimension of the flats in this embodiment is equal to the back plate shoulder 620, so the radial direction of the back plate 612 is also limited.

During braking, the brake pad is mounted on the brake caliper, the back plate 612 of the brake pad is abutted against the piston 617, the return spring body 601 is pushed into a position between the caliper body 614 and the back plate side wing 620, the anchor plate 602 of the return spring body 601 is fixed on the brake caliper, after the mounting is completed, the brake pad is flexibly positioned through the side wing plate 603, the inner baffle 610 and the outer baffle 611, and the edge of the back plate 612 is supported on the supporting unit 604, but the structural parts are not deformed.

When the vehicle starts to brake, the piston 617 moves axially to push the back plate 612 to the support unit 604, the back plate shoulder 620 deforms the support unit 604 and simultaneously acts on the anchor pad to deform the anchor pad, the back plate 612 continuously pushes to deform the return spring body 601 until reaching the preset deformation amount 605, the deformation force of the return spring body 601 is higher than the sum of the deformation force generated by the support unit 604 and the friction force between the side plate and the back plate 612, therefore, the back plate 612 starts to slide relative to the side wing plates 603 until the brake pad 618 does not exert a specified force on the brake disc, but the return spring does not deform any further, the brake pedal is released, the axial force of the piston 617 stops, and the return spring body 601 pushes the brake pad 618 back to restore the shape before the deformation. The distance of the brake pad being pushed back is just the preset deformation 605 designed for the return spring 601, and the supporting unit 604 can ensure that the back plate 612 is always parallel to the pushing surface of the piston 617.

When the catch 618 is worn to a certain extent, the back plate 612 can jump from the current ratchet unit 606 to the adjacent ratchet unit 606 during the axial sliding of the flanks 603, and the ratchet structure of the ratchet unit 606 can prevent the back plate 612 from returning to the original ratchet unit 606 during the return process. It is worth mentioning that all or part of the return spring body 601 is made of self-lubricating material, so that lubrication is always kept between the side wing of the back plate 612 and the return spring body 601 and between the return spring body 601 and the caliper body 614.

Claims (10)

1. A low-drag steady return system for fixed calipers, characterized in that: the low-drag system comprises a caliper body, an inner brake pad (301) and an outer brake pad (302), a brake area (303) for clamping a brake disc for braking is formed between the inner brake pad (301) and the outer brake pad (302), one sides of the inner brake pad (301) and the outer brake pad (302) close to the center of the brake disc are disc-in sides (304), one sides far away from the center disc are disc-out sides (305), the low-drag system comprises a first return structure (306) designed on the disc-out sides (305), and second return structures (307) arranged on the left side and the right side of the inner brake pad (301) and the outer brake pad (302) in the radial direction;

the first return structure (306) is axially arranged to axially position and axially return the inner brake pad (301) and the outer brake pad (302), the first return structure (306) comprises a first return piece (308) capable of axially extending and retracting, two ends of the first return piece (308) are contact ends (309), the distance between the two contact ends (309) changes along with the extension and retraction of the first return piece (308), and two ends of the first return piece (308) respectively contact the inner sides of the inner brake pad (301) and the outer brake pad (302); the first return structure (306) further comprises a first return spring body (310), the first return spring body (310) is supported at abutting ends (309) at two ends of the first return piece (308), elastic potential energy is accumulated when the first return piece (308) is compressed, and when the first return spring body (310) releases the elastic potential energy, the distance between the abutting ends (309) of the first return piece (308) under the action of the first return spring body (310) is increased to return the inner brake block (301) and the outer brake block (302);

the second return structure (307) comprises guide lugs (312) extending to the side portions of the inner brake pad (301) and the outer brake pad (302), and further comprises a second return spring body used for enabling the inner brake pad (301) and the outer brake pad (302) to return through supporting the guide lugs (312), the surface, abutted against the guide lugs (312), of the second return spring body is an abutting surface (313), the abutting surface (313) is an arc-shaped surface, a notch of the arc-shaped surface faces to the brake area (303), the position, abutted against the abutting surface (313), of the second return spring body is an abutting position (314), the abutting position (314) is a line or a plane, and the abutting position (314) is located on the horizontal plane where the center of the inner brake pad (301) or the center of the outer brake pad (302) is located.

2. A low drag smooth return system for a fixed caliper according to claim 1 wherein: the guide lug (312) is an arc-shaped piece, a notch of the arc-shaped piece faces the brake area (303), after the inner brake pad (301) or the brake pad is abraded, the horizontal plane where the gravity center of the inner brake pad (301) or the outer brake pad (302) is located is still intersected with the arc-shaped surface of the collision surface (313), when the inner brake pad (301) and the outer brake pad (302) collide with the brake disc, the contact position changes along with the position of the abrasion collision position (314) of the inner brake pad (301) or the outer brake pad (302), and when the brake is locked, the contact position is located on the horizontal plane where the gravity center of the inner brake pad (301) or the outer brake pad (302) is located.

3. A low drag smooth return system for a fixed caliper according to claim 2 wherein: the guide lug (312), the inner brake pad (301) and the outer brake pad (302) are of an integrally formed structure, the second return spring body is a spring piece of the integral structure and comprises a contact part (315) at one end, a fixing part (316) at the other end and a connecting part (317) connected between the contact part (315) and the fixing part (316), the contact part (315) comprises a contact strip at the end and a first return part (318), the contact strip extends along the width direction of the guide sleeve, the first return part (318) is a first semicircular return plate (319) formed by bending, and a return opening (320) is formed in the middle of the first semicircular return plate (319); the connecting part (317) comprises a first return plate (321) and a second return plate (322) bent at one end of the first return plate (321), the other end of the second return plate (322) is bent to form a first resilience part (318), the second return plate (322) is a straight plate, and a second resilience part (323) is formed between the second return plate (322) and the first return plate (321).

4. A low drag smooth return system for a fixed caliper according to claim 3 wherein: the brake caliper further comprises a caliper body, an installation area (324) used for installing an inner brake pad (301) and an outer brake pad (302) is formed in the middle of the caliper body, a placing cavity (325) used for placing the inner brake pad (301) and the outer brake pad (302) is formed in the inner end face and the outer surface of the middle of the installation area (324), fixing tables (326) are formed on two sides of the placing cavity (325), a second return spring body is fixed on the fixing tables (326), notches (327) are formed in the edge where the placing cavity (325) is connected with the fixing tables (326), and guide lugs (312) are located in the notches (327).

5. A low drag smooth return system for fixed calipers as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 wherein: the first return structure (306) comprises a first return piece (308), a channel for inserting the guide shaft is arranged in the middle of the first return piece (308), the first return piece (308) comprises a first sliding piece (328) and a second sliding piece (329) which are coaxially arranged and can slide relative to each other, the first return spring body (310) is a spiral return spring (330), one end of the return spring (330) abuts against the first sliding piece (328), the other end of the return spring (330) abuts against the second sliding piece (329), the first sliding piece (328) and the second sliding piece (329) move oppositely to extrude the return spring (330), and the first sliding piece (328) and the second sliding piece (329) move backwards when the return spring (330) releases elastic potential energy.

6. A low drag smooth return system for a fixed caliper according to claim 5 wherein: the first sliding piece (328) and the second sliding piece (329) are pipe pieces, the first sliding piece (328) is inserted in the second sliding piece (329) in a sliding mode, and inner holes of the first sliding piece (328) and the second sliding piece (329) are in clearance fit; a blocking seat (331) is arranged at the end part of the first sliding part (328), a blocking seat (331) is arranged at the end part of the second sliding part (329), and two ends of the return spring (330) are respectively abutted against the blocking seat (331) of the first sliding part (328) and the blocking seat (331) of the second sliding part (329); the middle part of the first sliding part (328) is a first through hole penetrating through two ends of the first sliding part (328), the middle part of the second sliding part (329) is a second through hole penetrating through two ends of the second sliding part (329), and the first sliding part (328) is inserted into the second through hole.

7. A low drag smooth return system for a fixed caliper according to claim 1 wherein: the auxiliary return mechanism is arranged on the coiling side (304) and comprises a third return spring body (332) and a fourth return spring body (333), the third return spring body (332) is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the caliper body, the fourth spring body is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the caliper body, the inner brake pad (301) and the outer brake pad (302) are respectively provided with an auxiliary return mechanism which is connected with a connecting hole (334), at least two connecting holes (334) are formed in the inner brake pad (301) and the outer brake pad (302), the free end of the third return spring body (332) is inserted in the connecting hole (334) of the inner brake pad (301), the inner brake pad (301) moves to drive the third return spring body (332) to deform and accumulate potential energy, the free end of the fourth return spring body (333) is inserted in the connecting hole (334) of the outer brake pad (302), and the outer brake pad (302) moves to drive the fourth return spring body (333) to deform and accumulate potential energy, the third return spring body (332) is two spring body pieces or an integral single spring body piece, and the fourth return spring body (333) is two spring body pieces or an integral single spring body piece.

8. A low drag smooth return system for a fixed caliper according to claim 1 wherein: the pincers body is including interior pincers body (300), outer pincers body (340), all be provided with piston chamber (335) in interior pincers body (300) and the outer pincers body (340), piston chamber (335) body is provided with drive piston (336), be provided with rectangular channel (337) in piston chamber (335), install rectangle sealing washer (338) in rectangular channel (337), be interference fit between rectangle sealing washer (338) and drive piston (336), rectangular channel (337) bottom surface is 8 ~ 12 degrees for the inclined plane inclination, the limit portion of rectangular channel (337) is provided with the chamfer, the width of chamfer is 0.6mm ~ 1.2mm, the number of degrees of chamfer is 55 degrees ~ 70 degrees.

9. A low drag smooth return system for a fixed caliper according to claim 8 wherein: the clamp body is of an aluminum alloy structure, wherein the piston return amount of the outer clamp body (340) is designed to be 0.05-0.3 mm, and the piston return amount of the inner clamp body (300) is 0.03-0.20 mm; the inner brake piece (301) and the outer brake piece (302) are respectively provided with a balancing weight (339) on the disc outlet side (305), and the balancing weight (339) is fixedly connected with the inner brake piece (301) and the outer brake piece (302) through bolts.

10. A low drag smooth return system for a fixed caliper according to claim 1 wherein: the second return mechanism (307) is different from the structure in claim 1, the second return mechanism (307) comprises a return spring body (601), the return spring body (601) comprises an anchor plate (602) for fixing the return spring body (601) on the caliper body (614), and a side wing plate (603) connected to the edge of the anchor plate (602), the included angle between the side wing plate (603) and the anchor plate (602) is an acute angle, a support unit (604) for supporting a brake pad (618) is arranged on the side wing plate (603), the brake pad (618) can drive the side wing plate (603) to axially move and drive the anchor plate (602) to deform and accumulate elastic potential energy by acting on the support unit (604), and the preset axial deformation amount (605) of the return spring body (601) is a preset brake gap; the support unit (604) is of a ratchet structure, the support unit (604) is composed of a plurality of ratchet units (606), each ratchet unit (606) comprises a support surface (607) used for being in contact with the edge part of the back plate side wing (620) of the brake block (618) and a sliding surface (621) adjacent to the support surface (607), the sliding surfaces (621) and the support surfaces (607) are intersected to form the ratchet structure of the ratchet unit (606), and the brake block (618) can axially move synchronously with the side wing plates (603) by acting on the ratchet unit (606); the ratchet units (606) are in flexible and variable structures, the ratchet units (606) are axially arranged to form a ratchet structure, and the allowed movement direction of the ratchet structure is towards the direction of the brake disc; the brake block (618) can only slide to the adjacent ratchet unit (606) close to the brake disc direction from the current ratchet unit (606) when the axial movement distance required by the brake block (618) for braking is larger than the preset axial deformation (605) of the return spring body (601) and the axial deformation (605) of the ratchet unit (606); the two sides of the side wing plate (603) are provided with an inner baffle (610) and an outer baffle (611) for limiting the jaw side and the back side (616) of the brake block (618); the brake pad (618) is composed of a back plate (612) and a friction pad (613), and the surface of the lateral wing plate (603) is contacted with the disc-in side (608) or the disc-out side (609) of the back plate (612) to control the axial movement of the brake pad (618); the supporting unit (604) is a flexible deformable structure, and the backboard lateral wings (620) are supported on the supporting unit (604) and can deform under the action of the backboard (612); the back plate (612) drives the side wing plates (603) to move axially through the abutting support unit (604);

one end of the anchor plate (602) is fixed on the caliper body, the anchor plate (602) is a flexible plate and can generate elastic deformation under the driving of the brake pad (618), and the rest parts of the return spring can realize axial movement through the deformation of the anchor plate (602);

the inner side surface of the side wing plate (603) is a plane, the supporting unit (604) is arranged on the plane area (619), and in the process that the brake pad (618) moves towards the brake disc, the back plate side wing (620) pushes towards the brake disc direction through the supporting unit (604); in the process, the sum of the force generated by the deformation of the supporting unit (604) and the friction force of the side wing plates (603) and the back plate (612) is equal to the deformation force of the anchor sheet for realizing the preset deformation force of the return spring body (601), and the sum of the force generated by the deformation of the supporting unit (604) and the friction force of the side wing plates (603) and the back plate (612) does not exceed the preset deformation force of the anchor plate (602); the two sides of the side wing plates (603) are provided with an inner baffle (610) and an outer baffle (611) for limiting the jaw side and the jaw back side (616) of the brake block (618), and the inner baffle (610) is contacted with the radial inner side edge of the back plate (612) to limit the radial inward movement of the brake block (618); an outer baffle (611) contacts a radially outer edge of the backing plate (612) to limit outward radial movement of the brake pads (618).

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